EP1377781B1 - Stove comprising a combustion chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to create a compact stove which can be easily constructed and comprises a combustion chamber (23), especially a tile-stove or a chimney stove. To this end, the cross-section of the combustion chamber (23) seen from above is embodied in an essentially triangular shape. The inner chamber of the stove (1) is divided into two convection channels (10) and a combustion chamber (23) by means of rear chamotte slabs (3a, 3b), and evacuated air or waste gases are guided in the convection channels (10) in opposite current directions.

Description

The invention relates to an oven with a firebox, in particular for tile or storage stoves.

Tile and storage stoves are growing in popularity. They are often used as additional heating in order not to have to switch on the central heating during the transitional period and thus to be able to save energy. Furthermore, oven heat is perceived as more comfortable. Both in the tiled stove and in the storage stove the heat is dissipated into the room mainly via radiant heat as well as convection heat. The basic furnace is mainly made of ceramic materials (chamotte), which can store the heat. Thick-walled materials i.a. a relatively long heating time and storage capacity at low surface temperature. The design principle of the furnaces is essentially the same. It usually consists of a firebox, with convection channels in the oven both the supply air (primary, secondary and scavenging air) transported to the firebox and the exhaust air (smoke exhaust) is fed to the fireplace. The exhaust air causes by an appropriate guide in the entire furnace, in addition to the direct heat radiation from the fireplace, an indirect heating of the furnace. With the help of the oven door, which often has a part of refractory glass to observe the fire, fuel can be introduced into the firebox. Due to the frequent arrangement of convection channels on the side walls is disadvantageous in that not the entire width of the furnace as opening width for the door on the firebox is available, or no compact, space-saving solution is possible.

Accordingly, the invention has for its object to provide a furnace with a furnace, the arrangement of flue gas or convection channels on the side walls while utilizing the entire width of the furnace for the front width the firebox or the width of the door and the simple construction made of insulating allows.

This object is achieved by a furnace according to the features of patent claim 1.

According to the innovation of the combustion chamber in cross-section is formed substantially triangular, so that the entire width of the furnace minus the wall thickness of the side walls as width for the furnace or the door is available on the front or door side. Fuel can be supplied to the furnace much easier. Towards the rear, the combustion chamber tapers correspondingly, whereby a flue gas or convection duct is formed between the side walls of the furnace and the backfire stones on the combustion chamber. This allows the flue gas or convection channel for the exhaust air to be guided annularly around the combustion chamber, although the entire width of the furnace minus the side walls comprises the combustion chamber opening at the front. Preferably, the guide of the exhaust gas flow is such that a Rückschamottestein this is designed to be shorter than the height of the firebox, which results in an inflow opening over an overlying, in particular inclined deflecting plate. As a result, the exhaust gases flow down into a gap below the combustion chamber and then through the second convection in a space with Umlenkschamottesteinen above the combustion chamber. From there, the exhaust gases pass through an opening in the chimney pipe. The heat of the exhaust stream is optimally removed to increase the efficiency of the furnace and at the same time the firebrick stones of the furnace are uniformly heated around.

The assembly of the individual elements is preferably carried out in a kit system. This allows the end user to create the oven by himself. Here, in particular, tongue and groove joints or nubs are used.

Fig. 1

eine Perspektivansicht eines an der Vorderseite offenen Speicherkaminofens ohne Kachelhülle;

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch einen Feuerraum des Speicherkaminofens in Draufsicht mit Kachelhülle; und

Fig. 3

eine Perspektivansicht eines an der Vorderseite geschlossenen Speicherkaminofens.

Hereinafter, an embodiment will be explained and described with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a front open storage fireplace stove without tiling;

Fig. 2

a cross section through a furnace of the storage kiln in plan view with tile cover; and

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a closed storage oven at the front.

In Fig. 1, the perspective view of the core of a storage kiln 1 is shown with an open front. This has legs 14 and an insulating plate 5 on the ground. The side walls 2 are delimited at the top by a covering chamotte stone 6 with a chimney pipe opening 15a, rest on a base plate 16 or intermediate plate 17 and are thereby interrupted by an intermediate plate 17. Furthermore, there is a chimney pipe opening 15b in the Schamotterückwand 11. The combustion chamber floor 9, preferably made of vermiculite is on an intermediate floor 18. Between the combustion chamber floor 9 and the upper intermediate plate 17, the combustion chamber 23 is formed, which is bounded on the back of Rückschamottesteinen 3 a, 3 b, which preferably carry a vermiculite layer towards the combustion chamber 23, as is also provided for the combustion chamber floor 9 in the manner of a sandwich construction. This results in a combustion chamber 23 with a substantially triangular plan (see Fig. 2), wherein two flue gas or convection channels 10 are formed laterally with also triangular cross-section. The Rückschamottesteine 3a, 3b can also be slightly curved or rounded.

The exhaust air or flue gas flow in the flue gas duct is shown by dashed lines. This moves, starting from the upper deflection or inflow opening, which can also be bounded by an inclined patch deflector 3c, along the shorter left Rückschamottestein 3a down to the space 24b between the intermediate member 18 and the Base plate 16. With the help of Umlenkschamottesteinen 4, the flue gas flow is deflected here and rises in the convection passage 10 behind the Rückschamottestein 3b in the upper space 24a between the cover chamotte stone 6 and the intermediate plate 17. Again, a Umlenkschamottestein 4 is arranged. By chimney openings 15a or 15b (depending on the existing chimney connection) escapes the flue gas stream into the chimney pipe (not shown).

The between inlet insulation 5 and base plate 16 incoming intake air 22 (primary, secondary and scavenging air) is deflected at the bottom of the storage kiln 1 by baffles 7 and thereby preheated. The primary air is introduced into the furnace 23 at the furnace door 19 on the combustion chamber floor 9 (FIG. 3). The secondary air is sucked in by means of a tube 8 arranged on the bottom and flows at the rear side of the combustion chamber 23 out of the slotted or perforated metal channel 20 into the combustion chamber 23. The sheet metal channel 20 is attached to the cutting edge between the two Rückschamottesteinen 3 a and 3 b and the vermiculite layer applied thereto, so that there is a rectangular flow tube. In addition, the preheated scavenging air flows in lateral Türholmenholmen (not shown) first upwards and then from the top of the furnace door 19 down to keep the disc of the furnace door 19 soot-free or clean (Fig. 3).

In Fig. 2 is a cross section through the storage kiln 1 is shown approximately in the middle of the height of the combustion chamber 23. The entire furnace 1 is surrounded by a ceramic storage shell 21, possibly with insulating plates 5. The storage fireplace 1 consists on the sides of a Schamotte rear wall 11, a Schamottevorderwand 13 and fireclay side walls 2, which are shown in dots. The furnace core or interior space is subdivided by two dotted brick residues 3a, 3b, which preferably carry a vermiculite layer (drawn in a dotted line) towards the combustion chamber 23 in order to improve the burnout behavior and the efficiency of the furnace.

The front thus forms the combustion chamber 23, while at the back of the two flue gas or convection channels 10 for the exhaust air or here left a Sturzzug and right riser for the flue gas are formed. In the combustion chamber floor 9, the intake pipe 8 is integrated for the secondary air 8 and below in the space 24b of the train with the Sturzzug (channels 10) connecting transverse train. In the corner region between the two Rückschamottesteinen 3 a, 3 b, the sheet metal channel 20 is fixed so that secondary air from slots or holes in the sheet metal channel 20 can escape into the combustion chamber 23. At the top of this flow tube is covered by a triangular portion 22 of the sheet metal channel 20, whereby the baffle plate 3c can be additionally supported. Basically, the mutual locking of the plate elements 2, 13, 3a, 3b, 3c, etc. by simple connectors. The assembly of the storage kiln 1 can also be done in self-construction by the end user. To facilitate this, the individual elements with the help of tongue and groove joints or nubs 25 are easy to assemble.

In Fig. 3, the perspective view of a finished core of a storage kiln 1 is shown. The storage kiln 1 is bounded at the top by a cover chamotte stone 6, below which the upper transverse or Wendezug for from the riser (right here in this channel 10) rising flue gas is formed. Underneath are in a vertical subdivision, the intermediate plate 17, the intermediate floor 18 and the base plate 16. The access to the furnace 23 takes place on the Schamottevorderwand 13 through the oven door 19. The fireclay side walls 2 form the conclusion on the right side of the core of the storage kiln 1. The storage fireplace 1 stands on the legs 14, between which the insulating plate 5 is located. The baffle plate 7 serves to better preheat the intake air 22 (primary, secondary and purge air). The dashed line indicates the path of the exhaust air or exhaust gases. The three arrows indicate three different connection options for a chimney pipe, whereby a mirror-image connection is made possible.

Claims (10)

1. A stove with a combustion chamber (23), especially a tile-stove or chimney stove, characterized in that the cross section of the combustion chamber (23), as seen from above, is configured in a substantially triangular shape, with the inner chamber of the stove (1) being divided into two convection channels (10) and the combustion chamber (23) by mean of rear chamotte slabs (3a, 3b), and evacuated air or waste gases are guided in the convection channels (10) in opposite directions of flow.
2. A stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the convection channels (10) behind the rear chamotte slabs (3a, 3b) have substantially the same cross section.
3. A stove according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the convection channel (10) following the combustion chamber (23) is delimited by an inclined arranged bevelled slab (3c) on the rear chamotte slab (3a).
4. A stove according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rear chamotte slab (3a, 3b) comprises a vermiculite layer facing towards the combustion chamber.
5. A stove according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that deflection chamotte slabs (4) for deflecting the horizontally guided evacuated air or waste gases are provided in the intermediate spaces (24) between the stove jacket and the combustion chamber (23).
6. A stove according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that secondary air can be guided into the combustion chamber (23) through a perforated or slotted sheet metal duct (20) at the intersecting edges of the two rear chamotte slabs (3a, 3b).
7. A stove according to claim 6, characterized in that a suction pipe (8) for the secondary air is integrated in the floor (9) of the combustion chamber.
8. A stove according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction air (22) can be preheated by means of deflection plates (7).
9. A stove according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that scavenging air can be deflected on the bottom side of the stove door (19) and by way of bars to the upper side of the stove door (19).
10. A stove according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual chamotte slabs (3a, 3b, 3c, ....) are joined by way of groove-and-tongue joints (25).

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