EP1362155B1 - Sliding rail door-closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to an overhead door closer with slide arm assembly having a toothed pinion that is eccentrically supported and presents a circular rolling curve, which pinion meshes with a toothed rack arranged at a piston. The invention concentrates on a particular embodiment of the rolling curve and of the teeth of the toothed rack in adaptation to a toothing of the pinion. Furthermore, the invention concentrates on an improved embodiment of the delayed closing operation in order to achieve an optimized movement pattern of the piston within the housing of the overhead door closer with slide arm assembly.

Description

The invention relates to a slide rail door closer with a in one Housing guided, supported against a closing spring piston, with an eccentrically rotatably mounted on the housing, with a rack of the piston meshing pinion, which is a circular Wälzkurve whose center is opposite to the axis of rotation of the pinion in the closed position towards the rack and in the open position is offset opposite to the axis of rotation.

Above-described Gleitschienentürschließer, also referred to as Zahntriebschließer have the advantage over conventional door closers that they are not a linkage projecting freely into space, but only one have flat lying on the door frame or door leaf actuating arm. However, they have the disadvantage that the flat on the door frame or door leaf fitting actuating arm in conjunction with the conventional, symmetric pinion mechanism to an unfavorable Force curve leads to the door. There is therefore a desire for one optimal design of the pinion to during the opening and Closing the door a low-friction and shock-free Expiration of the pinion on the associated rack and thus the piston to reach in the piston housing.

In known door closers find centric or eccentric mounted Pinion use.

A door closer according to the preamble of claim 1 with an eccentric mounted pinion has become known from EP 0 856 628 A1, wherein the toothing of the rack is a linear, at an angle between 4.5 ° and 7.2 ° to the direction of movement of the piston extending Rolling straight forms. The choice of the angle depends on the size the door closer or the force of the closing spring. An optimal, in particular low-friction and shock-free operation of the teeth of the pinion The rack is due to the eccentric bearing of the pinion and The linear course of the rack is not guaranteed, it comes to Jumps in the course of the curves of the moments.

A comparable solution using one at an angle linearly extending rack describes the US Patent 633,682.

An eccentrically mounted pinion also show the DE 36 45 313 C2 and DE 36 45 314 C2 using a arranged on the pinion Wälzkurve with different lever arms to the axis of rotation. The rolling curve the associated rack runs correspondingly arcuate.

In one of DE 82 17 72 C2 and the French patent application 96 69 45 known door closer is the closer shaft at one eccentrically mounted elliptical gear connected to that with a inclined piston-side rack meshes. By means of the elliptical gear is due to the different long lever arms of the elliptical Gear a the desired torque curve in a certain Scope adapted translation achieved.

The pneumatic door closer according to the patent US 1,359,144 points a circular eccentric mounted pinion on which with an odd Rack on piston combs. The circular pinion is with a provided regular toothing on a circular Wälzkurve whereby different lever arms are effective by the eccentric bearing become.

Various embodiments of a piston drive in door closers describe DE 36 38 353 A1, EP 0 207 251 A2, DE 94 12 64 and US 2,933,755, wherein in conjunction with eccentric or Centrally mounted pinions - if necessary with interposition a translating pinion - by means of a crank mechanism a direct Actuation of the closing spring takes place.

Centrally mounted pinions are described by EP 0 056 256 A2 and by EP 0 350 568 A2 has become known. EP 0 056 256 A2 is concerned with a door closer, whose pistons are two mirror-inverted diametrically opposed Racks having a centrally mounted Pinion in the closed position with shortened teeth in both racks engages the piston.

The door closer according to EP 0 350 568 A2 has a centrally mounted Pinion on which extends over the circumference teeth with progressive Increasing tooth height, between the bars of a corresponding intervening curved toothed rack.

Essentially centric mounted pinion of a drive for a door or a window reveal DE 44 44 131 A1 and DE 44 44 133 A1, wherein the pinion itself about about half its circumference a toothing has, the teeth arranged on different length lever arms are and on a correspondingly curved Wälzkurve a rack expire.

The object of the invention is the movement of the piston of the Gleitschienentürschließers during the opening and closing process within the door closer housing, d. H. especially one pinch-free and thus low-friction operation of the pinion on the To ensure toothed rack of the piston. By using a Pinion with suitable Wälzkurve the manufacturing cost of the pinion be minimized, with a special design of the rack compared to known racks due to the desired Low-friction, longer life and higher efficiency to be achieved, which means the use of a weaker closing spring allows. In an embodiment of the invention, an improvement of Closing characteristic of Gleitschienentürschließers additionally by a Improvement of the oil exchange from the piston chamber to the spring chamber during the closing process can be achieved.

The invention solves the problem set with the teaching of the claims 1, 2 and 3.

According to the invention, a rack or their teeth are optimal at the expiration of a toothing of a pinion under consideration its eccentric bearing and its circular Wälzkurve adjusted so that a bumpless transition to the next respectively Ensures tooth during both opening and closing is. This is especially true for the rotation exceeding 180 ° Area of the pinion. It has proved to be advantageous, the Opening side flank angle of the teeth, the rack substantially rising to about half the length of the rack and following form substantially constant or sloping, wherein the sloping course to improve the low friction contributes.

The rotation of the pinion from the closed position to the maximum open position can be more or less than about 180 ° without the to negatively influence the required efficiency. It is essential that arranged in the 180 ° adjacent area closing side Tooth flanks, angled in the opening direction of the last teeth of the rack or rounded.

Further features of the invention are characterized by the subclaims.

In principle, in the embodiment of the invention, any tooth shapes Find use; d. H. the pinion and / or the rack can Teeth with straight, angled or convexly curved tooth flanks exhibit. It has, however - especially from production engineering Reasons - proven to be beneficial to the rack substantially a straight toothing and the pinion an involute toothing assign.

Furthermore, the invention includes an improvement of the closing characteristic by improving the oil exchange.

The closing process then comprises four closing phases, each one closing Closing phase including a certain tolerance in per se known Way is associated with a closing angle. By in the piston skirt arranged longitudinal groove can both by means of a single valve the first as well as the third closing phase are controlled, so that the with the features a) - d) achievable low-friction operation of the pinion the rack by an advantageous embodiment of the oil exchange supported by the piston chamber to the spring chamber during the closing process is, with a usually required for the third closing phase Valve can be dispensed with.

The invention will be described below with reference to a schematically illustrated, possible embodiment explained in more detail.

Figur 1:

Einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Türschließergehäuse.

Figur 2:

Den Schnitt nach der Linie A-A gemäß Figur 1.

Figur 3:

Eine Draufsicht auf den Kolben mit zwei Endstellungen des Ritzels.

Figur 4 - 6:

Drei Phasen des Ablaufes des Ritzels auf einer Zahnstange.

Figur 7 - 10:

In schematischer Darstellung vier Stellungen des Kolbens während der Schließverzögerung.

Figur 11:

Eine zweite Ausführung der Schließverzögerung.

Show it:

FIG. 1:

A vertical section through a door closer housing.

FIG. 2:

The section along the line AA according to FIG. 1.

FIG. 3:

A plan view of the piston with two end positions of the pinion.

FIGS. 4 to 6:

Three phases of the run of the pinion on a rack.

FIGS. 7-10:

Shown schematically four positions of the piston during the closing delay.

FIG. 11:

A second execution of the closing delay.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6 is in a housing 2 of a Gleitschienentürschließers 1 a piston 4 out, on which a closing spring. 3 acts. As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, the piston 4 has a Rack 5, which with one, an involute 7 having Pinion 6 meshes. The pinion 6 is in the region of a designated 23 Center longitudinal axis in the axis of rotation denoted by D eccentric stored, wherein in the closed position shown in Figure 2 of the pinion 6 a center M of the pitch circle of the pinion 6 in the direction is offset to the rack 5 and in the opening position shown in Figure 3 the center M of the pitch circle of the pinion 6 opposite is offset. The Wälzkurve of the pinion 6 is seen circular. The generally designated 9 teeth of the rack 5 have opening side Tooth flanks and closing side tooth flanks, wherein the closing side tooth flanks 8 (see Figure 3) of the last two teeth. 9 are formed angled. The tooth flanks of the remaining teeth 9 have a straight course. The above measure will ensure that that during a movement of the piston 4 in the direction of arrow X (opening direction) in the course of the pinion 6 on the rack 5 also in the area in which the pinion 6 slightly exceeded the rotation by 180 ° has (see closed position of the pinion 6 in Figure 3) a low friction Engaging the involute 7 in the teeth 9 of the rack 5 takes place. The Wälzkurve the rack 5 is otherwise the eccentric Storage of the pinion 6 adapted and has a corresponding slight S-shaped course, with all teeth 9 of the rack 5 opening side and closing side have different flank angles, as can be seen from Figures 4 to 6, the sequence of the pinion at the rack in three phases point.

In FIGS. 4 to 6, separate positions of the pinion 6 are shown. In this case, Figure 4 shows the closed position, d. H. when closed Door, namely the position of the piston 4 and the pinion 6 again. there the pinion 6 is in the right area of the recess of the piston 4. The axis of rotation D is located on the central longitudinal axis 23rd If now the piston 4 is moved in the opening direction (arrow direction X), then the pinion 6 rotates about the rotation axis D. Due to the eccentricity of the pinion 6 can from the figure 5 arranged approximately in the central region Position that corresponds to a specific door opening position, be removed. By the expiry of the pinion 6 on the rack. 5 the piston 4 has moved further in the opening direction.

As particularly shown in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 7 to 10, FIGS the housing wall 10 of Gleitschienentürschließers 1 three of the Closing delay serving regulating valves 11, 12 and 13, whose function will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

During the beginning of the closing process according to FIG Piston 4 an oil drain line 14, which via a line 19 with a Regulating valve 11 and a line 20 connected to a piston chamber 24 is. The emerging from the piston chamber 24 oil can via a Longitudinal groove 16 in the piston skirt 15 and a radial bore 17 in the piston 4th in the spring chamber 18 pass. The the regulating valve 12 associated Lines 25, 21 and 22 are in a different plane.

As shown in FIG. 8, the longitudinal groove 16 has passed over the line 14, then that an oil transfer from the piston chamber 24 to the spring chamber 18 only due the game between the piston 5 and housing 10 possible is, which results in a strong deceleration of the closing speed (second phase of closing delay).

In the third phase of the closing delay, the oil arrives again from the piston chamber 24 via the line 20 and the same regulating valve eleventh and the lines 19 and 14 in the region of a not shown Overflow edge of the piston 4 in the spring chamber 18. Since it is is the same valve 11, the closing speed in the same first and third delay phase.

In the fourth phase of the closing delay (beginning of the closing area) the leading to the piston chamber 24 line 20 of the valve 11 is closed; In this case, the oil passes from the piston chamber 24 via the line 25, the regulating valve 12, the line 21 and the line 22 via the the aforementioned overflow edge in the spring chamber 18. The denoted by 13 Regulating valve is usually closed during the closing delay; however, it is possible to open it by opening it accordingly this valve during the second closing phase (in which an oil exchange only about the leakage between the piston and the housing wall takes place) to reduce the delay period, which is from the Piston chamber 24 escaping oil throttled via the line 26, the regulating valve 13, the line 27 and the line 28 passed into the spring chamber 18 becomes.

FIG. 11 shows a variant with regard to the executed oil drain lines and the valves for controlling the closing process reproduced. In this variant, only two different closing phases realized, so that a modification opposite to the four mentioned before Closing phases is possible. For this purpose, only the valves 11 and 12 are necessary. The oil drain line 19 is continued and goes into an oil drain line 29 above, behind the unspecified overflow edge of the piston 4 ends in the region of the rack 5.

In addition to the above two embodiments in terms Different closing phases of the connected doors is natural in the course of the invention also possible, a different number of To realize closing phases with different closing speeds.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

slide rail

2

casing

3

closing spring

4

piston

5

rack

6

pinion

7

involute

8th

closing tooth flanks

9

Teeth of the rack

10

housing

11

regulating

12

regulating

13

regulating

14

Oil drain line

15

piston skirt

16

longitudinal groove

17

radial bore

18

spring chamber

19

Oil drain line

20

Oil drain line

21

Oil drain line

22

Oil drain line

23

central longitudinal axis

24

piston chamber

25

Oil drain line

26

Oil drain line

27

Oil drain line

28

Oil drain line

29

Oil drain line

M

Center of the pitch circle of the pinion

D

Rotary axis of the pinion

X

Arrow direction in the opening direction

Claims (12)

1. An overhead door closer with a slide arm assembly (1) having a piston (4) being guided in a housing (2) and being supported at a closing spring (3), having a toothed pinion (6) being eccentrically, rotatably supported at the housing (2) and meshing with a toothed rack (5) of the piston (4), which pinion presents a circular rolling curve, the central point (M) thereof being offset in relation to the rotary axis (D) of the pinion (6) in the closing position, into the direction towards the toothed rack (5), and in relation to the rotary axis (D) in the opening position, into the opposite direction, characterized by the following characteristics:

   a) the toothed rack (5) is formed as toothed rack profile, whereby its closing-sided tooth profiles (8) of the last teeth (9) in the opening direction (arrow X) are formed with an angle or convex curved;

   b) the teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) are arranged on a S-shaped rolling curve, whereby, respectively starting at the closing position:

   the rolling curve is formed substantially in an ascending manner up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently in a descending manner;

   all teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) present different flank angles on the opening side and on the closing side;

   the opening-sided flank angle of the teeth (9) substantially ascends up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently extends substantially in a constant manner;

   the closing-sided flank angle of the teeth (9) substantially descends up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently extends in an ascending manner;

   the width of the tooth head of the teeth (9) substantially ascends up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently extends in a descending manner;

   c) the rotation of the pinion (6) from the closing position into the maximum opening position adds up to more than 180°, whereby the closing-sided tooth profiles (8) of the last teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) in the opening direction (arrow X), which profiles are associated to the portion of the pinion (6) exceeding the 180°, are formed with an angle;

   d) the piston (4) is guided within the housing (2) by means of at least one control valve (11, 12, 13) in a way to delay the closing operation.
2. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly (1) having a piston (4) being guided in a housing (2) and being supported at a closing spring (3), having a toothed pinion (6) being eccentrically, rotatably supported at the housing (2) and meshing with a toothed rack (5) of the piston (4), which pinion presents a circular rolling curve, the central point (M) thereof being offset, in relation to the rotary axis (D) of the pinion (6) in the closing position, into the direction towards the toothed rack (5), and in relation to the rotary axis (D) in the opening position, into the opposite direction, characterized by the following characteristics:

   a) the toothed rack (5) is formed as toothed rack profile, whereby its closing-sided tooth profiles (8) of the last teeth (9) in the opening direction (arrow X) are formed with an angle or convex curved;

   b) the teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) are arranged on a S-shaped rolling curve, whereby,
   respectively starting at the closing position:

   the rolling curve is formed substantially in an ascending manner up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently in a descending manner;

   all teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) present different flank angles on the opening side and on the closing side;

   the opening-sided flank angle of the teeth (9) substantially ascends up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently extends in a descending manner;

   the width of the tooth head of the teeth (9) substantially ascends up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently extends in a descending manner;

   c) the rotation of the pinion (6) from the closing position into the maximum opening position adds up to more than 180°, whereby the closing-sided tooth profiles (8) of the last teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) in the opening direction (arrow X), which profiles are associated to the portion of the pinion (6) exceeding the 180°, are formed with an angle;

   d) the piston (4) is guided within the housing (2) by means of at least one control valve (11, 12, 13) in a way to delay the closing operation.
3. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly (1) having a piston (4) being guided in a housing (2) and being supported at a closing spring (3), having a toothed pinion (6) being eccentrically, rotatably supported at the housing (2) and meshing with a toothed rack (5) of the piston (4), which pinion presents a circular rolling curve, the central point (M) thereof being offset, in relation to the rotary axis (D) of the pinion (6) in the closing position, into the direction towards the toothed rack (5), and in relation to the rotary axis (D) in the opening position, into the opposite direction, characterized by the following characteristics:

   a) the toothed rack (5) is formed as toothed rack profile, whereby its closing-sided tooth profiles (8) of the last teeth (9) in the opening direction (arrow X) are formed with an angle or convex curved;

   b) the teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) are arranged on a S-shaped rolling curve, whereby
   respectively starting at the closing position:

   the rolling curve is formed substantially in an ascending manner up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently in a descending manner;

   all teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) present different flank angles on the opening side and on the closing side;

   the opening-sided flank angle of the teeth (9) substantially ascends up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently extends substantially in a constant manner;

   the closing-sided flank angle of the teeth (9) substantially descends up to approximately half the length of the toothed rack (5) and subsequently extends in an ascending manner;

   c) the rotation of the pinion (6) from the closing position to the maximum opening position sums up to less than approximately 180°, whereby the closing-sided tooth profiles (8) of the last teeth (9) of the toothed rack (5) in the opening direction (arrow X), which profiles are associated to the portion of the pinion (6) approaching 180°, are formed with an angle;

   d) the piston (4) is guided within the housing (2) by means of at least one control valve (11, 12, 13) in a way to delay the closing operation.
4. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pinion (6) and/or the toothed rack (5) present teeth having straight, angled or convex curved tooth profiles.
5. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pinion (6) presents an involute toothing (7).
6. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control valves (11, 12, 13) are located in a housing wall (10) of the housing (2), whereby two closing phases are associated to at least one of the control valves (11, 12, 13).
7. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing procedure comprises four phases of a delayed closing operation, whereby, while using two control valves (11, 12), the first control valve (11) controls, with the same closing speed, a first closing phase comprised between approximately 180° and 100°, as well as a third closing phase comprised between approximately 70° and 20°, whereas the second control valve (12) controls the fourth closing phase comprised between approximately 20° and 0° and the functioning of both control valves (11, 12) is cancelled in the second closing phase comprised between approximately 100° and 70°.
8. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that an oil outlet duct (14) of the first control valve (11), in the first phase of the delayed closing operation, leads into a longitudinal groove (16) arranged in a skirt of the piston (15), which groove communicates with the spring chamber (18) via a spring-chamber-sided radial bore hole (17) of the piston (4) delimiting the longitudinal groove (16).
9. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the oil outlet duct (14) leads into an oil outlet duct (19), which, via the control valve (11), communicates with the oil outlet duct (20) that leads into a piston chamber (24).
10. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to one or several of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that in the second phase of the delayed closing operation, due to a play between the piston (5) and the housing wall (10), a pressure compensation from the piston chamber (24) to the spring chamber (18) is possible.
11. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to one or several of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that in the third closing phase the oil from the piston chamber (24) passes, via the oil outlet duct (20), the control valve (11), and the oil outlet ducts (14, 19), and an overflow edge of the piston (5), into the spring chamber (18).
12. An overhead door closer with slide arm assembly according to one or several of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that in a fourth phase of the closing procedure, the oil outlet duct (20) is closed, and the oil from the piston chamber (24) passes, via the oil outlet duct (25), through the control valve (12), and the oil outlet ducts (21) and (22), and via the overflow edge, into the spring chamber (18).

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