[go: up one dir, main page]

EP1298760A1 - Miniaturised directional antenna - Google Patents

Miniaturised directional antenna Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1298760A1
EP1298760A1 EP02102390A EP02102390A EP1298760A1 EP 1298760 A1 EP1298760 A1 EP 1298760A1 EP 02102390 A EP02102390 A EP 02102390A EP 02102390 A EP02102390 A EP 02102390A EP 1298760 A1 EP1298760 A1 EP 1298760A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substrate
directional antenna
base plate
circuit board
metallization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP02102390A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Purr
Rainer Pietig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH, Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Publication of EP1298760A1 publication Critical patent/EP1298760A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/245—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with means for shaping the antenna pattern, e.g. in order to protect user against rf exposure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a miniaturized directional antenna with a ceramic substrate at least one resonant conductor track structure, in particular for use in high-frequency and microwave range.
  • the invention further relates to a printed circuit board (PCB - printed circuit board) for surface mounting (SMD - surface mounted device) of electrical and / or electronic components with such an antenna.
  • PCB - printed circuit board printed circuit board
  • SMD surface mounted device
  • Wireless radio networking is experiencing in modern telecommunications and increasing Dimensions in consumer electronics are becoming increasingly important become electromagnetic waves in the high frequency and microwave range for transmission of information used.
  • Examples of this are the cellular bands that are in Europe in the range between approximately 880 and 960 MHz (GSM 900) and between approximately 1710 and 1880 MHz (DCS1800) and about 1850 and 1990 MHz (PCS1900) are the GPS navigation signals, which are emitted in a frequency band at around 1573 MHz, and the Bluetooth band in the frequency range between about 2400 MHz and 2500 MHz, the is used for data exchange between individual devices.
  • the electronic components used for this are getting higher and higher Requirements in particular with regard to the degree of miniaturization, the cost-effective Mountability and electrical performance.
  • the field of antennas come for use in future cell phones as additional requirements
  • An object on which the invention is based is therefore an antenna at the beginning to create the type mentioned, the increased efficiency and improved Directional characteristic in a preferred direction.
  • an antenna of the type mentioned is to be created, in which in relative impedance matching can be carried out in a simple manner.
  • the invention is also intended to create an antenna of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which can achieve a relatively wide range.
  • an antenna of the type mentioned at the outset is also to be created, which is to be used is suitable in several of the above-mentioned frequency bands (multi-band suitability).
  • the invention is also intended to provide a printed circuit board with an antenna of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the above-mentioned goals in particular can be easily reached.
  • a directional antenna with a ceramic Substrate with at least one resonant conductor structure, which is characterized by that an electrically conductive base plate is provided on which the substrate is arranged is, the at least one conductor structure with one end except for the Base plate extends.
  • a major advantage of this solution is that with this antenna a largely only achieved radiation characteristics directed into a half space and thus the Irradiation of electromagnetic waves on a user, for example a cell phone, in which this antenna is installed can be significantly reduced.
  • the embodiment according to claim 2 has the advantage that by a suitable choice of the amount of Substrate a desired bandwidth of the antenna can be achieved.
  • the embodiment according to claim 4 has the advantage that impedance matching is easier Made by changing the supply and thus the capacitive coupling can be.
  • the embodiment according to claim 5 is particularly easy to manufacture, and
  • the antenna according to the invention can be implemented as part of a printed circuit board.
  • the antenna according to the invention comprises an electrically conductive base plate, which according to FIG 1 is formed, for example, by a customary circuit board 1 (carrier) with a metallization 11 is, and a ceramic substrate 2 fastened thereon with a plurality of resonant conductor track structures 3, 4, 5 and a feeder 6.
  • the substrate 2 is, for example, with soldering points (not shown) on the circuit board 1 or the metallization 11 mounted. It is to clarify the course of the conductor track structures shown transparently.
  • the ceramic substrate 2 essentially has the shape of an upright cuboid with a first to fourth, perpendicular to the plane of the circuit board 1 side surface 21, 22, 23, 24, a top 25 and a bottom 26.
  • substrates can also have other geometric shapes, such as rectangular, round, triangular or polygonal cylindrical shapes, each with or without cavities on the resonant conductor track structures with, for example, a spiral course are upset.
  • the substrate 2 has a dielectric constant of ⁇ r > 1 and / or a permeability number of ⁇ r ⁇ 1.
  • Typical materials are high frequency substrates with low losses and low temperature dependence of the high frequency properties (NP0 or so-called SL materials). It is also possible to use substrates whose dielectric number and / or permeability number is set as desired by embedding a ceramic powder in a polymer matrix
  • the conductor track structures 3 to 5, the feed 6 and the other metallizations 11, 12 are essentially made of highly electrically conductive materials such as silver, Copper, gold, aluminum or a superconductor.
  • the first conductor track structure 3 is located on the substrate 2, which is characterized by a first conductor 31 on the top 25 and an adjoining, essentially perpendicular to it down to the metallization 11 second conductor track 32 is formed on the fourth side surface 24 of the substrate 2.
  • the second trace structure 4 comprises a first conductor track 41 on the top 25 and an adjoining, second, running perpendicular to it down to the metallization 11 Conductor 42 on the second side surface 22 of the substrate 2.
  • the third conductor structure 5 is in turn by a first conductor 51 on the top 25 and a adjoining, essentially perpendicularly down to the metallization 11 running second conductor track 52 on the second side surface 22 of the substrate 2 educated.
  • the second conductor tracks 32, 42, 52 are each preferably by soldering or contacted in another way with the metallization 11.
  • the conductor track structures 3, 4 and 5 are fed via a feed 6, which with a Metallization plate 61 begins at the lower edge of the first side surface 21 also extends a bit on the underside 26 of the substrate 2 and on the coplanar conductor track 12 is soldered onto the circuit board 1.
  • a Metallization plate 61 is a first Conductor 62 connected to the second side surface 22 in the region of the edge to the bottom 26 runs until a second conductor track 63 connects perpendicularly thereto, which opens the second side surface 22 extends a bit towards the top 25.
  • the conductor track structures 3, 4 and 5 are fed in a capacitive manner via the Feed 6, an impedance matching over the distance of this feed 6 from the Conductor structures 3, 4 and 5 and thus essentially over the length of the first and second conductor 62, 63 can be reached.
  • This coupling and thus the impedance matching can also be carried out when the antenna is installed, by shortening the length of the second conductor track 63 with a laser beam, for example
  • the electrical principle of the antenna is based on the excitation of quarter-wave resonances on each of the substantially L-shaped conductor structures 3, 4 and 5, their respective length taking into account the dielectric constant or the permeability number of the substrate material is dimensioned according to the desired resonance frequency.
  • the bandwidth of the antenna can be influenced by changing the height of the substrate 2. The connection applies here that the bandwidth becomes larger, the larger is the height of the substrate, that is, the greater the distance between the first conductor tracks 31, 41, 51 of the metallization 11.
  • the first, longer conductive path structure 3 serves to excite a resonance in the GSM900 band, while the two shorter ones, that is, the second and third conductor structure 4, 5 to excite resonances in higher frequency bands like that DCS1800 or the PCS1900 band.
  • the metallization 11 serving as a reflector or shield was located on a conventional printed circuit board, the metallization occupying an area of approximately 90 by 35 mm 2 and the substrate having a length of 24 mm, a width of 4 mm and a height of 10 mm would have.
  • the antenna was operated in the frequency range around 900 MHz, among other things.
  • the antenna according to the invention is preferably printed as part or in an area Circuit board (PCB - printed circuit board) realized in addition to the metallization 11 further electrical and / or electronic components, for example for a mobile telecommunications device of the type mentioned carries.
  • PCB - printed circuit board an area Circuit board

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The antenna has a ceramic substrate with at least one resonant conducting track structure and an electrically conducting base plate (1,11) on which the substrate (2) is arranged, whereby the conducting track structure (3-5) extends to the base plate at one end. The substrate is essentially square and the conducting track structure has a track on the upper side connected to the base plate via a second track along the side of the substrate. <??>AN Independent claim is also included for the following: <??>(1) a printed circuit board, especially for a mobile telecommunications device for the high frequency and microwave ranges; and <??>(2) a telecommunications device for the high frequency and microwave ranges.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine miniaturisierte Richtantenne mit einem keramischen Substrat mit mindestens einer resonanten Leiterbahnstruktur, insbesondere zur Anwendung im Hochfrequenz- und Mikrowellenbereich. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine gedruckte Schaltungsplatine (PCB - printed circuit board) zur Oberflächenmontage (SMD - surface mounted device) von elektrischen und /oder elektronischen Bauelementen mit einer solchen Antenne.The invention relates to a miniaturized directional antenna with a ceramic substrate at least one resonant conductor track structure, in particular for use in high-frequency and microwave range. The invention further relates to a printed circuit board (PCB - printed circuit board) for surface mounting (SMD - surface mounted device) of electrical and / or electronic components with such an antenna.

Die drahtlose Funkvernetzung erfährt in der modernen Telekommunikations- und in zunehmendem Maße auch in der Unterhaltungselektronik eine ständig steigende Bedeutung Dabei werden elektromagnetische Wellen im Hochfrequenz und Mikrowellenbereich zur Übertragung von Informationen verwendet. Beispiele hierfür sind die Mobilfunkbänder, die in Europa im Bereich zwischen etwa 880 und 960 MHz (GSM 900) sowie zwischen etwa 1710 und 1880 MHz (DCS1800) und etwa 1850 und 1990 MHz (PCS1900) liegen, die GPS-Navigationssignale, die in einem Frequenzband bei etwa 1573 MHz ausgesendet werden, sowie das Bluetooth-Band im Frequenzbereich zwischen etwa 2400 MHz und 2500 MHz, das für den Datenaustausch zwischen einzelnen Endgeräten genutzt wird.Wireless radio networking is experiencing in modern telecommunications and increasing Dimensions in consumer electronics are becoming increasingly important become electromagnetic waves in the high frequency and microwave range for transmission of information used. Examples of this are the cellular bands that are in Europe in the range between approximately 880 and 960 MHz (GSM 900) and between approximately 1710 and 1880 MHz (DCS1800) and about 1850 and 1990 MHz (PCS1900) are the GPS navigation signals, which are emitted in a frequency band at around 1573 MHz, and the Bluetooth band in the frequency range between about 2400 MHz and 2500 MHz, the is used for data exchange between individual devices.

An die dafür zum Einsatz kommenden elektronischen Bauelemente werden immer höhere Anforderungen insbesondere bezüglich des Miniaturisierungsgrades, der kostengünstigen Montierbarkeit und der elektrischen Leistungsfähigkeit gestellt. Auf dem Gebiet der Antennen kommen für den Einsatz in zukünftigen Mobiltelefonen als zusätzliche Anforderungen zum Beispiel die interne Plazierbarkeit, die Mehrbandtauglichkeit und eine verminderte Benutzerbestrahlung beziehungsweise verbesserte SAR (specific absorption rate) -Werte hinzu.The electronic components used for this are getting higher and higher Requirements in particular with regard to the degree of miniaturization, the cost-effective Mountability and electrical performance. In the field of antennas come for use in future cell phones as additional requirements For example, the internal placement, multi-band suitability and reduced user radiation or improved SAR (specific absorption rate) values.

Herkömmliche Antennen für den Einsatz in Mobiltelefonen, wie etwa externe Monopol-Antennen oder interne PIFA (planar inverted F-antenna) -Antennen auf dielektrischen Substraten werden obigen Anforderungen nicht oder nur unzureichend gerecht. Aus der JP-07 240 962 ist zum Beispiel eine Antenne zur Montage auf einer Schaltungsplatine bekannt, die eine Massemetallisierung aufweist und so in einem mobilen Kommunikationsgerät montiert wird, dass die Massemetallisierung zwischen dem Körper eines Benutzers und dem Strahlungsweg der ausgesendeten Wellen liegt, um auf diese Weise eine Abschirmungswirkung zu erzielen. Um allerdings eine ausreichende Empfangsempfindlichkeit zu erzielen, ist hierbei zum Empfangen eine gesonderte Stabantenne erforderlich.Conventional antennas for use in mobile phones, such as external monopole antennas or internal PIFA (planar inverted F-antenna) antennas on dielectric substrates do not meet the above requirements or do so only insufficiently. From JP-07 240 962, for example, an antenna for mounting on a circuit board is known, the has a mass metallization and thus mounted in a mobile communication device is that the mass metallization between a user's body and the radiation path of the emitted waves is so as to have a shielding effect achieve. However, in order to achieve sufficient reception sensitivity, here is a separate rod antenna is required for reception.

Eine Aufgabe, die die Erfindung zugrundeliegt, besteht deshalb darin, eine Antenne der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die einen erhöhten Wirkungsgrad und eine verbesserte Richtcharakteristik in einer Vorzugsrichtung aufweist.An object on which the invention is based is therefore an antenna at the beginning to create the type mentioned, the increased efficiency and improved Directional characteristic in a preferred direction.

Weiterhin soll eine Antenne der eingangs genannten Art geschaffen werden, bei der in relativ einfacher Weise eine Impedanzanpassung vorgenommen werden kann.Furthermore, an antenna of the type mentioned is to be created, in which in relative impedance matching can be carried out in a simple manner.

Mit der Erfindung soll auch eine Antenne der eingangs genannten Art geschaffen werden, mit der eine relativ große Bandbreite erzielt werden kann.The invention is also intended to create an antenna of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which can achieve a relatively wide range.

Schließlich soll auch eine Antenne der eingangs genannten Art geschaffen werden, die zur Anwendung in mehreren der oben genannten Frequenzbänder geeignet ist (Multiband-Tauglichkeit).Finally, an antenna of the type mentioned at the outset is also to be created, which is to be used is suitable in several of the above-mentioned frequency bands (multi-band suitability).

Mit der Erfindung soll schließlich auch eine gedruckte Schaltungsplatine mit einer Antenne der eingangs genannten Art geschaffen werden, mit der die oben genannten Ziele besonders gut erreicht werden können.Finally, the invention is also intended to provide a printed circuit board with an antenna of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the above-mentioned goals in particular can be easily reached.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß Anspruch 1 mit einer Richtantenne mit einem keramischen Substrat mit mindestens einer resonanten Leiterbahnstruktur, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass eine elektrisch leitende Grundplatte vorgssehen ist, auf der das Substrat angeordnet ist, wobei sich die mindestens eine Leiterbahnstruktur mit einem Ende bis auf die Grundplatte erstreckt. The object is achieved according to claim 1 with a directional antenna with a ceramic Substrate with at least one resonant conductor structure, which is characterized by that an electrically conductive base plate is provided on which the substrate is arranged is, the at least one conductor structure with one end except for the Base plate extends.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Lösung besteht darin, dass mit dieser Antenne eine weitgehend nur in einen Halbraum gerichtete Strahlungscharakteristik erzielt und damit die Einstrahlung von elektromagnetischen Wellen auf einen Benutzer zum Beispiel eines Mobiltelefons, in das diese Antenne eingebaut ist, wesentlich reduziert werden kann.A major advantage of this solution is that with this antenna a largely only achieved radiation characteristics directed into a half space and thus the Irradiation of electromagnetic waves on a user, for example a cell phone, in which this antenna is installed can be significantly reduced.

Die Unteransprüche haben vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zum Inhalt.The dependent claims contain advantageous developments of the invention.

Die Ausführung gemäß Anspruch 2 hat den Vorteil, dass durch geeignete Wahl der Höhe des Substrates eine gewünschte Bandbreite der Antenne erzielt werden kann.The embodiment according to claim 2 has the advantage that by a suitable choice of the amount of Substrate a desired bandwidth of the antenna can be achieved.

Mit der Ausführung gemäß Anspruch 3 kann ein besonders hoher Miniaturisierungsgrad erreicht werden.With the embodiment according to claim 3, a particularly high degree of miniaturization can be achieved.

Die Ausführung gemäß Anspruch 4 hat den Vorteil, dass eine Impedanzanpassung in einfacher Weise durch Veränderung der Zuführung und damit der kapazitiven Kopplung vorgenommen werden kann.The embodiment according to claim 4 has the advantage that impedance matching is easier Made by changing the supply and thus the capacitive coupling can be.

Die Ausführung gemäß Anspruch 5 ist insbesondere in einfacher Weise herstellbar, und die erfindungsgemäße Antenne kann als Teil einer gedruckten Schaltungsplatine ausgeführt werden.The embodiment according to claim 5 is particularly easy to manufacture, and The antenna according to the invention can be implemented as part of a printed circuit board.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung von bevorzugten Ausführungsformen anhand der Zeichnung Es zeigt:

  • Fig 1 eine schematische Gesamtansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Antenne; und
  • Fig 2 ein Richtdiagramm des Fernfeldes der in Figur 1 gezeigten Antenne.
    • Further details, features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawing.
  • 1 shows a schematic overall view of an antenna according to the invention; and
  • 2 shows a directional diagram of the far field of the antenna shown in FIG. 1.

    • Die erfindungsgemäße Antenne umfasst eine elektrisch leitende Grundplatte, die gemäß Figur 1 zum Beispiel durch eine übliche Platine 1 (Träger) mit einer Metallisierung 11 gebildet ist, sowie ein darauf befestigtes keramisches Substrat 2 mit mehreren resonanten Leiterbahnstrukturen 3, 4, 5 und einer Zuführung 6. Die Metallisierung 11, die sich auf der in der Darstellung oberen Fläche der Platine 1 befindet, bedeckt diese Fläche vorzugsweise vollständig und ist nur dort ausgespart, wo eine Leiterbahn 12 zur Speisung der Zuführung 6 angaordnet ist. Das Substrat 2 wird zum Beispiel mit Lötpunkten (nicht dargestellt) auf der Platine 1 bzw. der Metallisierung 11 montiert. Es ist zur Verdeutlichung des Verlaufes der Leiterbahnstrukturen durchsichtig dargestellt.The antenna according to the invention comprises an electrically conductive base plate, which according to FIG 1 is formed, for example, by a customary circuit board 1 (carrier) with a metallization 11 is, and a ceramic substrate 2 fastened thereon with a plurality of resonant conductor track structures 3, 4, 5 and a feeder 6. The metallization 11, which is on the in the illustration top surface of the circuit board 1, this surface preferably completely covered and is only recessed where a conductor track 12 is arranged to feed the feed 6 is. The substrate 2 is, for example, with soldering points (not shown) on the circuit board 1 or the metallization 11 mounted. It is to clarify the course of the conductor track structures shown transparently.

    Das keramische Substrat 2 hat im wesentlichen die Form eines aufrecht stehenden Quaders mit einer ersten bis vierten, senkrecht zu der Ebene der Platine 1 verlaufenden Seitenfläche 21, 22, 23, 24, einer Oberseite 25 und einer Unterseite 26. Anstelle dieses quaderförmigen Substrates können jedoch auch andere geometrische Formen wie zum Beispiel rechteckige, runde, dreieckige oder vieleckige Zylinderformen, jeweils mit oder ohne Hohlräume, gewählt werden, auf die resonante Leiterbahnstrukturen mit zum Beispiel spiralförmigem Verlauf aufgebracht sind.The ceramic substrate 2 essentially has the shape of an upright cuboid with a first to fourth, perpendicular to the plane of the circuit board 1 side surface 21, 22, 23, 24, a top 25 and a bottom 26. Instead of this cuboid However, substrates can also have other geometric shapes, such as rectangular, round, triangular or polygonal cylindrical shapes, each with or without cavities on the resonant conductor track structures with, for example, a spiral course are upset.

    Das Substrat 2 hat eine Dielektrizitätszahl von εr > 1 und /oder eine Permeabilitätszahl von µr ≥ 1. Typische Materialien sind hochfrequenztaugliche Substrate mit geringen Verlusten und geringer Temperaturabhängigkeit der Hochfrequenzeigenschaften (NP0- oder sogenannte SL-Materialien). Es können auch Substrate verwendet werden, deren Dielektrizitätszahl und /oder Permeabilitätszahl durch Einbetten eines keramischen Pulvers in eine Polymermatrix in gewünschter Weise eingestellt wirdThe substrate 2 has a dielectric constant of ε r > 1 and / or a permeability number of µ r ≥ 1. Typical materials are high frequency substrates with low losses and low temperature dependence of the high frequency properties (NP0 or so-called SL materials). It is also possible to use substrates whose dielectric number and / or permeability number is set as desired by embedding a ceramic powder in a polymer matrix

    Die Leiterbahnstrukturen 3 bis 5, die Zuführung 6 sowie die anderen Metallisierungen 11, 12 sind im wesentlichen aus elektrisch hochleitfähigen Materialien wie zum Beispiel Silber, Kupfer, Gold, Aluminium oder einem Supraleiter hergestellt.The conductor track structures 3 to 5, the feed 6 and the other metallizations 11, 12 are essentially made of highly electrically conductive materials such as silver, Copper, gold, aluminum or a superconductor.

    Im einzelnen befindet sich auf dem Substrat 2 die erste Leiterbahnstruktur 3, die durch eine erste Leiterbahn 31 auf der Oberseite 25 sowie eine sich daran anschließende, im wesentlichen senkrecht dazu nach unten bis zu der Metallisierung 11 verlaufende zweite Leiterbahn 32 auf der vierten Seitenfläche 24 des Substrates 2 gebildet ist. Die zweite Leiterbahnstruktur 4 umfasst eine erste Leiterbahn 41 auf der Oberseite 25 sowie eine sich daran anschließende, im wesentlichen senkrecht dazu nach unten bis zu der Metallisierung 11 verlaufende zweite Leiterbahn 42 auf der zweiten Seitenfläche 22 des Substrates 2. Die dritte Leiterbahnstruktur 5 ist schließlich wiederum durch eine erste Leiterbahn 51 auf der Oberseite 25 sowie eine sich daran anschließende, im wesentlichen senkrecht dazu nach unten bis zu der Metallisierung 11 verlaufende zweite Leiterbahn 52 auf der zweiten Seitenfläche 22 des Substrates 2 gebildet. Die zweiten Leiterbahnen 32, 42, 52 sind jeweils vorzugsweise durch Verlöten oder auf andere Weise mit der Metallisierung 11 kontaktiert.Specifically, the first conductor track structure 3 is located on the substrate 2, which is characterized by a first conductor 31 on the top 25 and an adjoining, essentially perpendicular to it down to the metallization 11 second conductor track 32 is formed on the fourth side surface 24 of the substrate 2. The second trace structure 4 comprises a first conductor track 41 on the top 25 and an adjoining, second, running perpendicular to it down to the metallization 11 Conductor 42 on the second side surface 22 of the substrate 2. The third conductor structure 5 is in turn by a first conductor 51 on the top 25 and a adjoining, essentially perpendicularly down to the metallization 11 running second conductor track 52 on the second side surface 22 of the substrate 2 educated. The second conductor tracks 32, 42, 52 are each preferably by soldering or contacted in another way with the metallization 11.

    Die Leiterbahnstrukturen 3, 4 und 5 werden über eine Zuführung 6 gespeist, die mit einem Metallisierungsplättchen 61 an der unteren Kante der ersten Seitenfläche 21 beginnt, das sich auch ein Stück auf die Unterseite 26 des Substrates 2 erstreckt und auf die koplanare Leiterbahn 12 auf der Platine 1 aufgelötet ist. Mit dem Metallisierungsplättchen 61 ist eine erste Leiterbahn 62 verbunden, die an der zweiten Seitenfläche 22 im Bereich der Kante zur Unterseite 26 verläuft, bis sich senkrecht dazu eine zweite Leiterbahn 63 anschliesst, die sich auf der zweiten Seitenfläche 22 ein Stück in Richtung auf die Oberseite 25 erstreckt.The conductor track structures 3, 4 and 5 are fed via a feed 6, which with a Metallization plate 61 begins at the lower edge of the first side surface 21 also extends a bit on the underside 26 of the substrate 2 and on the coplanar conductor track 12 is soldered onto the circuit board 1. With the metallization plate 61 is a first Conductor 62 connected to the second side surface 22 in the region of the edge to the bottom 26 runs until a second conductor track 63 connects perpendicularly thereto, which opens the second side surface 22 extends a bit towards the top 25.

    Die Speisung der Leiterbahnenstrukturen 3, 4 und 5 erfolgt in kapazitiver Weise über die Zuführung 6, wobei eine Impedanzanpassung über den Abstand dieses Zuführung 6 von den Leiterbahnstrukturen 3, 4 und 5 und somit im wesentlichen über die Länge der ersten und zweiten Leiterbahn 62, 63 erreicht werden kann. Diese Kopplung und damit die Impedanzanpassung kann auch noch in eingebautem Zustand der Antenne vorgenommen werden, indem z B. mit einem Laserstrahl die Länge der zweiten Leiterbahn 63 gekürzt wirdThe conductor track structures 3, 4 and 5 are fed in a capacitive manner via the Feed 6, an impedance matching over the distance of this feed 6 from the Conductor structures 3, 4 and 5 and thus essentially over the length of the first and second conductor 62, 63 can be reached. This coupling and thus the impedance matching can also be carried out when the antenna is installed, by shortening the length of the second conductor track 63 with a laser beam, for example

    Das elektrische Prinzip der Antenne beruht auf der Anregung von Viertelwellenlängen-Resonanzen auf jeder der im wesentlichen L-förmigen Leiterbahnstrukturen 3, 4 und 5, wobei deren jeweilige Länge unter Berücksichtigung der Dielektrizitätszahl bzw. der Permeabilitätszahl des Substratmaterials entsprechend der gewünschten Resonanzfrequenz bemessen wird.The electrical principle of the antenna is based on the excitation of quarter-wave resonances on each of the substantially L-shaped conductor structures 3, 4 and 5, their respective length taking into account the dielectric constant or the permeability number of the substrate material is dimensioned according to the desired resonance frequency.

    Dabei vermindert sich die senkrecht zu der Metallisierung 11 verlaufende Komponente des elektrischen Feldes entlang jeder der zweiten (vertikalen) Leiterbahnen 32,42,52 jeweils von ihrem Maximalwert an der Oberseite 25 bis auf etwa den Wert 0 an der Metallisierung 11. Die Bandbreite der Antenne läßt sich durch Veränderung der Höhe des Substrates 2 beeinflussen. Hierbei gilt der Zusammenhang, dass die Bandbreite um so größer wird, je größer die Höhe des Substrates ist, das heißt je größer der Abstand der ersten Leiterbahnen 31, 41, 51 von der Metallisierung 11 ist.This reduces the component of the perpendicular to the metallization 11 electric field along each of the second (vertical) conductor tracks 32, 42, 52 each of their maximum value at the top 25 to approximately the value 0 at the metallization 11. The bandwidth of the antenna can be influenced by changing the height of the substrate 2. The connection applies here that the bandwidth becomes larger, the larger is the height of the substrate, that is, the greater the distance between the first conductor tracks 31, 41, 51 of the metallization 11.

    Da sich mit jeder der Leitetbahnstrukturen 3, 4, 5 jeweils eine Resonanzfrequenz erzeugen lässt, kann durch Aufbringen einer entsprechenden Anzahl von Leiterbahnstrukturen gemäß obiger Beschreibung eine gewünschte Anzahl von Resonanzfrequenzen und somit eine Multiband-Tauglichkeit der Antenne erzielt werden. Bei der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform dient zum Beispiel die erste, längere Leitetbahnstruktur 3 zur Anregung einer Resonanz in dem GSM900-Band, während die beiden kürzeren, das heißt die zweite und die dritte Leiterbahnstruktur 4, 5 zur Anregung von Resonanzen in höheren Frequenzbändern wie dem DCS1800- bzw. dem PCS1900-Band dienen.Since a resonance frequency is generated with each of the conductor track structures 3, 4, 5 can, by applying a corresponding number of conductor track structures according to a desired number of resonance frequencies and thus a multi-band suitability the antenna can be achieved. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 For example, the first, longer conductive path structure 3 serves to excite a resonance in the GSM900 band, while the two shorter ones, that is, the second and third conductor structure 4, 5 to excite resonances in higher frequency bands like that DCS1800 or the PCS1900 band.

    Die gewünschte Richtwirkung der Antenne in einen Halbraum wird durch die Metallisierung 11 auf der Platine 1 bewirkt. Figur 2 zeigt einen Schnitt (bei ϕ = 0) durch das Richtdiagramm des Fernfeldes der in Figur 1 dargestellten Antenne, wobei der Betrag der elektrischen Feldstärke im Fernfeld ein im wesentlichen kugelförmiges Diagramm in dem Halbraum oberhalb der in Figur 1 gezeigten Metallisierung 11 bildet. Die als Reflektor beziehungsweise Abschirmung dienende Metallisierung 11 befand sich dabei auf einer üblichen gedruckten Schaltungsplatine, wobei die Metallisierung eine Fläche von etwa 90 mal 35 mm2 einnahm und das Substrat eine Länge von 24 mm, eine Breite von 4 mm und eine Höhe von 10 mm hatte. Die Antenne wurde u.a. im Frequenzbereich bei etwa 900 MHz betrieben.The desired directivity of the antenna in a half space is brought about by the metallization 11 on the circuit board 1. FIG. 2 shows a section (at ϕ = 0) through the directional diagram of the far field of the antenna shown in FIG. 1, the magnitude of the electric field strength in the far field forming an essentially spherical diagram in the half space above the metallization 11 shown in FIG. 1. The metallization 11 serving as a reflector or shield was located on a conventional printed circuit board, the metallization occupying an area of approximately 90 by 35 mm 2 and the substrate having a length of 24 mm, a width of 4 mm and a height of 10 mm would have. The antenna was operated in the frequency range around 900 MHz, among other things.

    Die erfindungsgemäße Antenne wird vorzugsweise als Teil bzw. in einem Bereich einer gedruckten Schaltungsplatine (PCB - printed circuit board) realisiert, die neben der Metallisierung 11 weitere elektrische und /oder elektronische Bauelemente zum Beispiel für ein mobiles Telekommunikationsgerät der eingangs genannten Art trägt.The antenna according to the invention is preferably printed as part or in an area Circuit board (PCB - printed circuit board) realized in addition to the metallization 11 further electrical and / or electronic components, for example for a mobile telecommunications device of the type mentioned carries.

    Claims (7)

    Miniaturisierte Richtantenne mit einem heramischen Substrat mit mindestens einer resonanten Leiterbahnstruktur,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine elektrisch leitende Grundplatte (1,11) vorgesehen ist, auf der das Substrat (2) angeordnet ist, wobei sich die mindestens eine Leiterbahnstruktur (3, 4, 5) mit einem Ende bis auf die Grundplatte erstreckt.    Miniaturized directional antenna with a ceramic substrate with at least one resonant conductor structure,
    characterized in that an electrically conductive base plate (1, 11) is provided, on which the substrate (2) is arranged, the at least one interconnect structure (3, 4, 5) extending at one end to the base plate.         Richtantenne nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Substrat (2) im wesentlichen quaderförmig ist und die mindestens eine Leiterbahnstruktur (3, 4, 5) eine auf der Oberseite (25) liegende erste Leitetbahn (31; 41; 51) aufweist, die über eine entlang eine der Seitenflächen (21,22, 23, 24) des Substrates verlaufende zweite Leiterbahn (32; 42; 52) mit der Grundplatte verbunden ist.    Directional antenna according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the substrate (2) is essentially cuboid and the at least one interconnect structure (3, 4, 5) has a first interconnect (31; 41; 51) lying on the top (25), which extends along one of the Side surfaces (21, 22, 23, 24) of the second conductor track (32; 42; 52) extending the substrate is connected to the base plate.         Richtantenne nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Leiterbahnstruktur (3, 4, 5) zur Anregung von Viertelwellenlängen-Resonanzen bemessen ist.    Directional antenna according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the at least one conductor track structure (3, 4, 5) is dimensioned to excite quarter-wave resonances.         Richtantenne nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf dem Substrat (2) eine Zuführung (6) zur kapazitiven Speisung der mindestens einen Leiterbahnstruktur (3, 4, 5) vorgesehen ist.     Directional antenna according to claim 1,
    characterized in that a feed (6) for capacitively feeding the at least one conductor track structure (3, 4, 5) is provided on the substrate (2).         Richtantenne nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundplatte durch eine Platine (1) mit einer auf diese aufgebrachte Metallisierung (11) gebildet ist.    Directional antenna according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the base plate is formed by a circuit board (1) with a metallization (11) applied thereon.         Gedruckte Schaltungsplatine, insbesondere für ein mobiles Telekommunikationsgerät für den Hochfrequenz- und Mikrowellenbereich,
    gekennzeichnet durch eine Richtantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die elektrisch leitende Grundplatte durch einen mit einer Metallisierung (11) beschichteten Bereich der Schaltungsplatine gebildet und das Substrat (2) auf der Metallisierung angeordnet ist.    Printed circuit board, in particular for a mobile telecommunications device for the high-frequency and microwave range,
    characterized by a directional antenna according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electrically conductive base plate is formed by an area of the circuit board coated with a metallization (11) and the substrate (2) is arranged on the metallization.         Telekommunikationsgerät für den Hochfrequenz- und Mikrowellenbereich, gekennzeichnet durch eine gedruckte Schaltungsplatine mit einer Richtantenne nach Anspruch 6.Telecommunication device for the high-frequency and microwave range, characterized by a printed circuit board with a directional antenna according to claim 6.
    EP02102390A 2001-09-29 2002-09-27 Miniaturised directional antenna Ceased EP1298760A1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10148370A DE10148370A1 (en) 2001-09-29 2001-09-29 Miniaturized directional antenna
    DE10148370 2001-09-29

    Publications (1)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1298760A1 true EP1298760A1 (en) 2003-04-02

    Family

    ID=7700957

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP02102390A Ceased EP1298760A1 (en) 2001-09-29 2002-09-27 Miniaturised directional antenna

    Country Status (7)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6759988B2 (en)
    EP (1) EP1298760A1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2003188624A (en)
    KR (1) KR20030028402A (en)
    CN (1) CN1409438A (en)
    DE (1) DE10148370A1 (en)
    TW (1) TWI223910B (en)

    Cited By (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP2323217A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-18 Research In Motion Limited Antenna for multi mode mimo communication in handheld devices
    EP2665124A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-11-20 Nokia Corporation Antenna
    US8754814B2 (en) 2009-11-13 2014-06-17 Blackberry Limited Antenna for multi mode MIMO communication in handheld devices

    Families Citing this family (22)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US7275602B2 (en) * 1999-12-22 2007-10-02 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Methods for expanding tubular strings and isolating subterranean zones
    US6809687B2 (en) * 2001-10-24 2004-10-26 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Monopole antenna that can easily be reduced in height dimension
    DE10247297A1 (en) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-22 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Reception module e.g. for mobile communication appliance, has second and third conduction paths on circuit board provided as antenna connections
    JP2004266333A (en) * 2003-01-30 2004-09-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Antenna device
    DE102004029440A1 (en) * 2004-06-18 2006-01-12 Infineon Technologies Ag Transmitting / receiving device
    US8000737B2 (en) * 2004-10-15 2011-08-16 Sky Cross, Inc. Methods and apparatuses for adaptively controlling antenna parameters to enhance efficiency and maintain antenna size compactness
    US7834813B2 (en) * 2004-10-15 2010-11-16 Skycross, Inc. Methods and apparatuses for adaptively controlling antenna parameters to enhance efficiency and maintain antenna size compactness
    US7663555B2 (en) 2004-10-15 2010-02-16 Sky Cross Inc. Method and apparatus for adaptively controlling antenna parameters to enhance efficiency and maintain antenna size compactness
    KR100707242B1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2007-04-13 한국정보통신대학교 산학협력단 Dielectric chip antenna
    US7443345B2 (en) * 2005-05-18 2008-10-28 Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Antenna device
    TWI358156B (en) * 2007-05-07 2012-02-11 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd Antenna
    US20090295541A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-03 Intellidot Corporation Directional rfid reader
    KR101615760B1 (en) 2009-07-22 2016-04-27 삼성전자주식회사 Fabrication method for antenna device of mobile communiction terminal
    CN102035070B (en) * 2009-09-28 2014-01-01 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 Antenna assembly
    TWI423520B (en) * 2009-12-31 2014-01-11 Acer Inc Mobile communication device
    TWI528631B (en) * 2013-04-24 2016-04-01 智易科技股份有限公司 Planar inverted f antenna
    KR101538158B1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-07-22 대구대학교 산학협력단 Ceramic chip-type LTE single band antenna
    CN105243705A (en) * 2015-08-29 2016-01-13 广东名门锁业有限公司 Intelligent lockset having oriented Bluetooth antenna
    TWI553963B (en) * 2015-10-06 2016-10-11 銳鋒股份有限公司 Ten-frequency band antenna
    US9755310B2 (en) 2015-11-20 2017-09-05 Taoglas Limited Ten-frequency band antenna
    US20170149136A1 (en) * 2015-11-20 2017-05-25 Taoglas Limited Eight-frequency band antenna
    US11289195B2 (en) * 2020-08-09 2022-03-29 Kevin Patel System for remote medical care

    Citations (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP0790663A1 (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-20 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Surface mounting antenna and communication apparatus using the same antenna
    JPH114113A (en) * 1997-04-18 1999-01-06 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Surface mount antenna and communication apparatus using the same
    WO2000054367A1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2000-09-14 Telital R & D Denmark A/S A microstrip antenna arrangement in a communication device
    WO2001026181A1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-12 Rangestar Wireless, Inc. Single and multiband quarter wave resonator

    Family Cites Families (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    JP3147728B2 (en) * 1995-09-05 2001-03-19 株式会社村田製作所 Antenna device
    WO2002013307A1 (en) * 2000-08-07 2002-02-14 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson Antenna
    DE10049844A1 (en) * 2000-10-09 2002-04-11 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Miniaturized microwave antenna
    DE10143168A1 (en) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-20 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Circuit board and SMD antenna therefor
    KR100444219B1 (en) * 2001-09-25 2004-08-16 삼성전기주식회사 Patch antenna for generating circular polarization

    Patent Citations (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP0790663A1 (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-20 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Surface mounting antenna and communication apparatus using the same antenna
    JPH114113A (en) * 1997-04-18 1999-01-06 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Surface mount antenna and communication apparatus using the same
    WO2000054367A1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2000-09-14 Telital R & D Denmark A/S A microstrip antenna arrangement in a communication device
    WO2001026181A1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-12 Rangestar Wireless, Inc. Single and multiband quarter wave resonator

    Non-Patent Citations (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Title
    PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 04 30 April 1999 (1999-04-30) *

    Cited By (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP2323217A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-18 Research In Motion Limited Antenna for multi mode mimo communication in handheld devices
    US8754814B2 (en) 2009-11-13 2014-06-17 Blackberry Limited Antenna for multi mode MIMO communication in handheld devices
    EP2665124A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-11-20 Nokia Corporation Antenna
    US8896489B2 (en) 2012-05-18 2014-11-25 Nokia Corporation Antenna
    US9099774B2 (en) 2012-05-18 2015-08-04 Nokia Technologies Oy Antenna

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CN1409438A (en) 2003-04-09
    US20030063033A1 (en) 2003-04-03
    US6759988B2 (en) 2004-07-06
    DE10148370A1 (en) 2003-04-10
    KR20030028402A (en) 2003-04-08
    JP2003188624A (en) 2003-07-04
    TWI223910B (en) 2004-11-11

    Similar Documents

    Publication Publication Date Title
    EP1298760A1 (en) Miniaturised directional antenna
    EP1195845B1 (en) Miniaturised microwave antenna
    DE60211889T2 (en) BROADBAND ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
    DE69936657T2 (en) CIRCULAR POLARIZED DIELECTRIC RESONATOR ANTENNA
    EP1204160B1 (en) Multiband microwave antenna
    DE10236598B4 (en) The multi-band built-in antenna
    DE60125632T2 (en) Surface mounted antenna and radio with such an antenna
    DE69924104T2 (en) Asymmetric dipole antenna arrangement
    DE69431277T2 (en) Portable radio with diversity receiver
    DE60115131T2 (en) Chip antenna element and this having message transmission device
    DE60023062T2 (en) antenna design
    DE19713929A1 (en) Transmitting and receiving antenna system
    DE102005015561A1 (en) Broadband internal antenna for mobile communication terminal, has radiator with conductive stripline through which current flows to form current paths in different directions to set certain broadband using electromagnetic coupling
    DE102008007258A1 (en) Multi-band antenna and mobile communication terminal, which has these
    DE60109392T2 (en) Built-in antenna for a mobile radio
    DE10143168A1 (en) Circuit board and SMD antenna therefor
    DE102004029215B4 (en) Multiband multilayer chip antenna
    DE10204877A1 (en) Radio communication device and printed circuit board with at least one electrically conductive correction element
    DE19824145A1 (en) Integrated antenna arrangement for mobile telecommunications terminal
    DE10039427A1 (en) Antenna arrangement of a mobile communication terminal, in particular a cell phone
    US7324063B2 (en) Rectangular helical antenna
    EP1195846A2 (en) Patch antenna for the microwave range
    EP0986835B1 (en) Radio device with moveable antenna
    DE60208731T2 (en) Built-in multi-band planar antenna with inverted-L main and parasitic antenna elements
    DE10292326T5 (en) Antenna device and wireless device using them

    Legal Events

    Date Code Title Description
    PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: A1

    Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR

    Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR

    AX Request for extension of the european patent

    Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI

    RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

    Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.

    Owner name: PHILIPS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY & STANDARDS GMBH

    17P Request for examination filed

    Effective date: 20031002

    AKX Designation fees paid

    Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR

    17Q First examination report despatched

    Effective date: 20040429

    STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

    Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED

    18R Application refused

    Effective date: 20061106