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EP1271689A1 - Verfahren zum Richten einer Gruppenantenne mit Reflektor - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Richten einer Gruppenantenne mit Reflektor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1271689A1
EP1271689A1 EP02291507A EP02291507A EP1271689A1 EP 1271689 A1 EP1271689 A1 EP 1271689A1 EP 02291507 A EP02291507 A EP 02291507A EP 02291507 A EP02291507 A EP 02291507A EP 1271689 A1 EP1271689 A1 EP 1271689A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
fourier transform
signal
radiating elements
phase shift
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02291507A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Cécile Guiraud
Hervé Legay
Maire-Laure Boucheret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel SA
Nokia Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel SA, Nokia Inc filed Critical Alcatel SA
Publication of EP1271689A1 publication Critical patent/EP1271689A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/40—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with phasing matrix
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/007—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/007—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device
    • H01Q25/008—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device lens fed multibeam arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2658—Phased-array fed focussing structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a repointing method for array antenna with reflector, and more particularly for array antenna reflector used on board a geostationary satellite.
  • the network antennas make it possible to form a or more radiation patterns using a set of elementary sources whose signals are combined by a device called beam forming network, digital or analog.
  • Antennas networks thus make it possible to simultaneously form several diagrams, that is to say to form a multi-beam cover, by applying several different feeding laws. These multi-beam covers are frequently used in the telecommunications sector, in particular by geostationary satellites.
  • the multibeam coverage of the network antennas used on board these satellites are made up of very fine beams, typically having a width of the order of degree.
  • a small depointing can induce strong variations in the radiated power in a given direction. Therefore, it is important that the score of these beams be very precise.
  • Pointing errors appearing during the use of satellites The difference is generally called the pointing error angular on each axis of a three-dimensional frame of reference between the position theoretical of the antenna (and / or its reflector) and its actual position.
  • Pointing errors are notably linked to instabilities on the one hand, to the relative errors of position of the antenna relative to the satellite on the other hand, and finally to internal deformations of the antenna, such as the original deformations reflector temperature.
  • the first two sources of error which cause an overall pointing error of all the spots formed by the antenna, are preponderant.
  • the satellite has attitude control systems; however, these only provide accuracy of the order of a tenth of a degree, that is to say insufficient in the case of geostationary satellites to coverage provided by multiple fine beams.
  • the antenna must by therefore have its own repointing system.
  • the network antennas used on board the satellites can be two main types, well known: direct radiation antennas and reflector antennas.
  • the received signal cannot not be expressed in simple analytical form, i.e. there is no direct relationship between the desired score and the feeding laws of radiant elements.
  • the solution currently being considered to correct the pointing error of these reflector array antennas is a mechanical solution: two to three motors control the position of the reflector, which is changed by so as to correct the pointing error, the latter involving, as we have seen, two to three possible axes of rotation.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to develop a repointing process for a reflector array antenna which allows get rid of the use of complex, expensive and bulky motors while ensuring sufficient precision, particularly required in the case of geostationary satellites.
  • a digital correction is therefore made of the signal sent or received by the antenna, instead of applying a correction mechanical.
  • the basic idea of the invention is based on the one hand on the fact that the offset of the antenna radiation pattern corresponds to a spatial offset (i.e. phase shift) of received (or transmitted) signals by the radiating elements at the focus of the reflector, and on the other hand on the fact that, thanks to the properties of the Fourier transform, the shift of the focal spot in the focal plane of the reflector is converted to simple multiplication by a phase.
  • Performing a direct or inverse Fourier transform after the product by the phase shift matrix allows to find signals equivalent to those actually received or emitted by the elements radiating from the antenna.
  • the method of the invention makes it possible to carry out a repointing simultaneous of all the beams of a reflector array antenna.
  • the sampling can be carried out after lowering of the radio frequency signal in intermediate band or base band.
  • the estimation of the depointing is carried out by a first order numeric loop from the known position of at least a fixed tag.
  • beam forming networks are devices having as many inputs as there are radiating elements, and as many outputs as there are beams to be formed.
  • beamforming by calculation is integrated into a processor digital (not shown) which also performs other functions of the payload such as for example demultiplexing of the input signal.
  • the actual beamforming is controlled by a processor control (not shown) which notably updates the coefficients of weighting.
  • the reception chain 12 consists of an analog part, intended to amplify the signal and to transpose the radio frequency to a compatible frequency of sampling, and of a block ensuring the sampling itself.
  • Digital sampling of the signals of each element radiant 11 keeps these signals available for processing to be performed (unlike analog beam former for which only the output is available).
  • the signals do not undergo only negligible degradations in front of degradations brought by the analog part of the chain.
  • the sampling digital allows the sampled signals to be used as many times as necessary by simple duplication of the signal, for example in treatments additional to the formation of beams, such as the treatment of process of the present invention which will be described in detail below.
  • the formation of beams by calculation therefore presents many advantages for payloads of telecommunications satellites, especially in the case of telecommunications antennas with coverage multi-beams such as those used in geostationary satellites. Indeed, in a beamforming network by calculation, the signal is losslessly copied for use in forming multiple beams, at instead of being divided, as is the case in analog devices.
  • the beamforming by calculation has already been used with a network antenna with reflector within the Thuraya satellite.
  • the signal received by the antenna cannot be expressed in simple analytical form.
  • the setting point of the method according to the invention therefore firstly requires to model the signal received to find the relation which links it to the “ideal” signal in function the antenna pointing error.
  • the deflection of the antenna along these two axes corresponds to a translation of the field radiated in the focal plane of the reflector 20, i.e. at a spatial offset of the signals received by the radiating elements.
  • the antenna deflection is equivalent to an offset of the angle of incidence apparent waves on the antenna.
  • Figure 3 the representation of the amplitude of the nominal radiated field in the focal plane P of the reflector 20 represented by the curve 30 in solid lines, and the amplitude of the radiated field offset in the focal plane P represented by the curve 30 'in broken lines.
  • the direction nominal of the incident wave on the reflector 20 is shown in line solid and referenced D in FIG. 3, and the offset direction of the incident wave due to the antenna pointing error is shown in line interrupted and referenced in Figure 3.
  • phase plane is also shown in FIG. 3 in solid lines. nominal ⁇ equivalent after inverse Fourier transform, and in line interrupted the shifted phase plane ⁇ '.
  • the product of this inverse Fourier transform of the signals received with the phase plan is done mathematically by the matrix product between the vector giving the components of the Fourier transform inverse of the signals collected by the radiating elements and the matrix corresponding to the phase shift.
  • the shifted phase plane is corrected to obtain a corrected phase plane ⁇ c (see FIG. 3), identical to the nominal phase plane ⁇ .
  • This phase shift matrix can be decomposed into the product of two matrices, corresponding to the phase slopes to be applied to compensate for the depointings respectively.
  • p x is the component of this phase shift matrix which is a function of ⁇ x
  • p y that which is a function of ⁇ y .
  • Each of these two matrices depends only on the position of the radiating elements, and on the slope to be applied along x and y.
  • This estimate is based on the following principle.
  • the amplitude and the phase of the signal seen by each of them vary according to of the propagation medium, but not the relative values of the amplitude and the phase of the two signals, which are a function only of the direction arrival of the wave.
  • the loop is locked on k 0 , so as to estimate p l , to a precision fixed by the user, and which must be chosen as a function of the noise floor, and of the precision which can be obtained on k 0 .
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to repoint all of the beams of a multi-beam type reflector array antenna at the same time.
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to both reception and transmission.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
EP02291507A 2001-06-21 2002-06-17 Verfahren zum Richten einer Gruppenantenne mit Reflektor Withdrawn EP1271689A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0108181A FR2826511B1 (fr) 2001-06-21 2001-06-21 Procede de repointage pour antenne reseau a reflecteur
FR0108181 2001-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1271689A1 true EP1271689A1 (de) 2003-01-02

Family

ID=8864599

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02291507A Withdrawn EP1271689A1 (de) 2001-06-21 2002-06-17 Verfahren zum Richten einer Gruppenantenne mit Reflektor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6670918B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1271689A1 (de)
JP (1) JP4088109B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2389899C (de)
FR (1) FR2826511B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100579129B1 (ko) 2003-12-26 2006-05-12 한국전자통신연구원 성형 반사판을 이용한 오프셋 하이브리드 안테나
ATE482532T1 (de) 2007-03-03 2010-10-15 Astrium Ltd Satelliten-strahlrichtfehlerkorrektur in einer digitalen strahlformungsarchitektur
US7834807B2 (en) 2007-05-21 2010-11-16 Spatial Digital Systems, Inc. Retro-directive ground-terminal antenna for communication with geostationary satellites in slightly inclined orbits
FR2936906B1 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2011-11-25 Thales Sa Reseau reflecteur a arrangement optimise et antenne comportant un tel reseau reflecteur
US8274425B2 (en) * 2010-12-29 2012-09-25 Raytheon Company Single channel semi-active radar seeker
CN108471324A (zh) * 2017-02-23 2018-08-31 索尼公司 电子设备、通信装置和信号处理方法
CN109713460A (zh) * 2019-02-19 2019-05-03 中国气象局气象探测中心 Gnss全向天线及其探测方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1526195A (fr) * 1967-04-11 1968-05-24 Csf Perfectionnement aux antennes à balayage électronique
GB1277004A (en) 1968-05-15 1972-06-07 Nat Res Dev Improvements in antennae
US5805575A (en) * 1996-08-19 1998-09-08 Motorola, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing a beacon signal in a wireless communication system
US5929804A (en) 1996-06-24 1999-07-27 Agence Spatiale Europeene Reconfigurable zonal beam forming system for an antenna on a satellite in orbit and method of optimizing reconfiguration
US6208294B1 (en) * 1998-09-14 2001-03-27 Fujitsu Limited Array antenna receiving device
US20020005800A1 (en) * 2000-07-06 2002-01-17 Alcatel Telecommunications antenna intended to cover a large terrestrial area

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CA235119A (en) * 1923-10-23 L. Oberg Mannie Lacing for boots
US4216475A (en) * 1978-06-22 1980-08-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Digital beam former
US4596986A (en) * 1983-08-29 1986-06-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Sidelobe canceller with adaptive antenna subarraying using a weighted Butler matrix
US4907004A (en) * 1988-05-23 1990-03-06 Spar Aerospace Limited Power versatile satellite transmitter
US4901085A (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-02-13 Spar Aerospace Limited Divided LLBFN/HMPA transmitted architecture
FR2652452B1 (fr) * 1989-09-26 1992-03-20 Europ Agence Spatiale Dispositif d'alimentation d'une antenne a faisceaux multiples.
FR2672436B1 (fr) * 1991-01-31 1993-09-10 Europ Agence Spatiale Dispositif de controle electronique du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne a un ou plusieurs faisceaux de direction et/ou de largeur variable.
US5689272A (en) * 1996-07-29 1997-11-18 Motorola, Inc. Method and system for producing antenna element signals for varying an antenna array pattern
US5812089A (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-09-22 Motorola, Inc. Apparatus and method for beamforming in a triangular grid pattern
US5955920A (en) * 1997-07-29 1999-09-21 Metawave Communications Corporation Signal feed matrix LPA reduction system and method
JP2000244224A (ja) * 1999-02-22 2000-09-08 Denso Corp マルチビームアンテナ及びアンテナシステム

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1526195A (fr) * 1967-04-11 1968-05-24 Csf Perfectionnement aux antennes à balayage électronique
GB1277004A (en) 1968-05-15 1972-06-07 Nat Res Dev Improvements in antennae
US5929804A (en) 1996-06-24 1999-07-27 Agence Spatiale Europeene Reconfigurable zonal beam forming system for an antenna on a satellite in orbit and method of optimizing reconfiguration
US5805575A (en) * 1996-08-19 1998-09-08 Motorola, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing a beacon signal in a wireless communication system
US6208294B1 (en) * 1998-09-14 2001-03-27 Fujitsu Limited Array antenna receiving device
US20020005800A1 (en) * 2000-07-06 2002-01-17 Alcatel Telecommunications antenna intended to cover a large terrestrial area

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2826511B1 (fr) 2003-12-19
US6670918B2 (en) 2003-12-30
CA2389899A1 (fr) 2002-12-21
JP2003078329A (ja) 2003-03-14
US20020196182A1 (en) 2002-12-26
CA2389899C (fr) 2012-12-11
JP4088109B2 (ja) 2008-05-21
FR2826511A1 (fr) 2002-12-27

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