EP1173781B1 - Methode et dispositif de surveillance sismique d'une zone souterraine par utilisation simultanee de plusieurs sources vibrosismiques - Google Patents
Methode et dispositif de surveillance sismique d'une zone souterraine par utilisation simultanee de plusieurs sources vibrosismiques Download PDFInfo
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- EP1173781B1 EP1173781B1 EP01907745A EP01907745A EP1173781B1 EP 1173781 B1 EP1173781 B1 EP 1173781B1 EP 01907745 A EP01907745 A EP 01907745A EP 01907745 A EP01907745 A EP 01907745A EP 1173781 B1 EP1173781 B1 EP 1173781B1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/003—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design
- G01V1/006—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design generating single signals by using more than one generator, e.g. beam steering or focusing arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/003—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design
- G01V1/005—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design with exploration systems emitting special signals, e.g. frequency swept signals, pulse sequences or slip sweep arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for seismic monitoring of a subterranean zone such as a reservoir or reservoir, comprising the simultaneous use of several seismic vibrators.
- seismic system comprising an impulse seismic source or seismic vibrator for emitting seismic waves in the ground and a receiving device comprising seismic sensors arranged on the surface or in wells and coupled with the formations to be monitored.
- seismic investigations are carried out with wave emission, reception of the waves returned by the discontinuities of the subsoil and recording of seismograms, so as to determine by comparison changes in the reservoir resulting from its operation. .
- Fig.1 to 3 they comprise, for example, an array of seismic antennas 2 each consisting of a set of seismic sensors 4 arranged at regular intervals along a well 3 drilled in the ground.
- This network can be regular as schematized on the Fig.2 , or irregular.
- the sensors may be vertically oriented mono-directional geophones or multi-axis (triphones) and / or hydrophones.
- a seismic source 5 is arranged.
- piezoelectric type vibrators are advantageously used, as described in the patent application.
- FR 99/04 001 in the joint names of the applicants, who are permanently installed in the immediate vicinity of each antenna 2.
- the seismic waves generated by the or each seismic source 5 propagate downward (downward waves 9). These incident waves are first recorded by the receivers 4 of each well 3. The waves returned by the discontinuities of the zone (seismic interfaces) propagate upwards. These rising waves 10 are also recorded by the different receivers 4. In this way, the rising and falling waves are superimposed on the seismograms. They are usually treated by a method identical to that of the treatment of PSV (Vertical Seismic Profiles) well known to those skilled in the art.
- PSV Very Seismic Profiles
- the different sources of the seismic system can be actuated successively, leaving between the trips a sufficient time interval to receive the waves returned by the investigated area. It is also possible to use several seismic sources emitting the same signals that are triggered simultaneously to increase the transmitted power.
- orthogonal signals for example, sinusoidal signals of different frequencies are used for each other both by their fundamental components and by their respective harmonics, or signals formed from wavelets, Legendre polynomials or random series, etc. .
- the respective contributions of the vibrators are discriminated by determining the amplitude and the phase of the composite vibratory signal at the fundamental frequencies of the control signals applied to the vibrators.
- the discrimination of the respective contributions of the vibrators comprises, for example, a weighting of the recorded signals by a bell weighting (or apodization) factor and a determination of the amplitude and phase of the composite signal.
- the reconstruction of the seismograms corresponding specifically to the different vibrators is carried out for example by applying, after their separation, an inverse Fourier transform, to the lines associated respectively with the different weighted signals.
- the frequencies of the orthogonal control signals applied respectively to the different vibrators are shifted in frequency steps, at given time intervals, so as to scan a certain transmission frequency band.
- the seismic monitoring system of a subterranean formation comprises means for emitting seismic vibrations in the formation comprising at least two vibrators and means for generating orthogonal signals relative to each other and applying them respectively to the vibrators so as to generate in the formation a composite vibratory signal, means for receiving the signals returned by the formation in response to the emission of the seismic waves, means for recording the signals received by the signal receiving means and means method of processing recorded signals to form seismograms comprising at least one computer adapted to discriminate the respective contributions of the vibrators to the composite vibratory signal and a reconstruction of seismograms equivalent to that which would be obtained by separately operating the vibrators.
- the system comprises at least two local units arranged at a distance from each other and coupled with the formation, each unit comprising at least one seismic sensor, a seismic vibrator, a local acquisition and control device. processing of the received signals, and a central control and synchronization unit connected to the different units, comprising a generator adapted to apply to the vibrators the orthogonal vibration control signals.
- the system comprises at least two local units arranged at a distance from each other and coupled with the formation, each unit comprising at least one seismic sensor, a seismic vibrator, and a central control and control unit.
- synchronization connected to the different local units by hardware link (cables for example) or intangible (by radio) and comprising a signal generator adapted to form the different orthogonal control vibrating signals, and means for acquiring the signals received by the different antennas and reconstruction of seismograms corresponding to the contributions of different vibrators.
- the reception means comprise for example at least one antenna consisting of several seismic sensors arranged along a well formed in the formation, this antenna being connected to the recording means.
- the method therefore makes it possible to carry out seismic monitoring operations of a subterranean zone by using a set of seismic sensors and a plurality of vibrators actuated simultaneously by signals at different frequencies chosen so that the contributions of each one can be discriminated.
- source on seismograms made from signals received and recorded.
- T 1 A 1 sin (2 ⁇ f 1 t- ⁇ 1 ), where ⁇ 1 is a phase delay.
- T 2 A 2 .sin (2 ⁇ f 2 t- ⁇ 2 ) where ⁇ 2 is likewise a phase delay.
- orthogonal functions are sinusoids of different frequencies.
- Other orthogonal functions can also be used: functions based on Legendre polynomials, wavelets, random series, etc.
- the composite signal P t consisting of the sum of N sinusoids ⁇ f i , A i , ⁇ i ⁇ is emitted with 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N, all the frequencies being contained in a band spectral range between two limiting frequencies f b and f f , the seismogram T t observed at the point R aura for Fourier transform at the frequency f i , the number of module A i and phase ⁇ i equal to the amplitude and the phase of the sinusoid T i . It is thus possible, by successively emitting all the sinusoids of frequencies f b to f f , to reconstruct by inverse Fourier transform the seismogram T t .
- the signal P t obtained is very close to that resulting from the self-correlation of a sliding frequency signal. varying in the range [f b - f f ,] (sweep), commonly used in vibroseis.
- the Fig. 5 schematically illustrates the different steps of the method. Simultaneous sinusoidal pilot signals 11 of respective frequencies af 0 , b 0 , cf 0 , dfo, etc., are simultaneously applied to the different seismic sources 5 installed in the field, the coefficients a, b, c, d, and so on. being chosen so that these frequencies are different from each other and different from their respective harmonics. These frequencies are integer multiples of a fundamental frequency f 0 .
- the seismogram 12 obtained by recording the waves received by the sensors of the different antennas 4, is a linear combination of the seismograms that would have been obtained by exciting the sources 5 sequentially.
- the recorded signals are then weighted by multiplying them by a so-called apodization (tapering) weighting factor 13 to form apodized or weighted signals 14.
- apodization tapering
- the real part 15 and the imaginary part 16 of the transformation transform are calculated.
- Fourier apodized signals Each of these parts is composed of pulses well separated from each other. For each source 5, only the real number 17 and the imaginary number 18 forming the complex value of the Fourier transform at the frequency emitted by the source are retained.
- This seismogram is obtained by inverse Fourier transform.
- the system comprises a plurality of local units LU each comprising an antenna 2 connected by cables (not shown) and a local acquisition and processing device 6 ( Fig.1, 2 ), and the various vibrators are connected by cables C for example, to a central control and synchronization unit 8 comprising a signal generator (not shown) adapted to generate, for the different vibrators 5, the orthogonal control signals such as that they have been defined above.
- a central control and synchronization unit 8 comprising a signal generator (not shown) adapted to generate, for the different vibrators 5, the orthogonal control signals such as that they have been defined above.
- the different reception antennas 2 are connected by cables C for example, with the central control and synchronization unit 8 which performs the tasks of generating the composite signals for the different sources 5 and the acquisition and recording signals received by the sensors 4 and the processing of the acquired signals.
- C cables can of course be replaced in general by any hardware or immaterial link (microwave link, optical fiber, etc.).
- the local acquisition and processing devices 6 and / or the central control and synchronization unit 8 comprise computers such as PCs programmed to carry out the treatments intended to isolate and reconstruct the seismograms corresponding to the own contributions of the different vibrators 5 as defined in the description.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0001792A FR2805051B1 (fr) | 2000-02-14 | 2000-02-14 | Methode de surveillance sismique d'une zone souterraine par utilisation simultanee de plusieurs sources vibrosismiques |
| FR0001792 | 2000-02-14 | ||
| PCT/FR2001/000379 WO2001059481A1 (fr) | 2000-02-14 | 2001-02-09 | Methode de surveillance sismique d'une zone souterraine par utilisation simultanee de plusieurs sources vibrosismiques |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1173781A1 EP1173781A1 (fr) | 2002-01-23 |
| EP1173781B1 true EP1173781B1 (fr) | 2008-09-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01907745A Expired - Lifetime EP1173781B1 (fr) | 2000-02-14 | 2001-02-09 | Methode et dispositif de surveillance sismique d'une zone souterraine par utilisation simultanee de plusieurs sources vibrosismiques |
Country Status (25)
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|---|---|
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| EP (1) | EP1173781B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP4744055B2 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN1186646C (es) |
| AR (1) | AR027426A1 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE407370T1 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR0104488B1 (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2366550C (es) |
| CZ (1) | CZ302965B6 (es) |
| DE (1) | DE60135607D1 (es) |
| DK (1) | DK1173781T3 (es) |
| DZ (1) | DZ3147A1 (es) |
| EA (1) | EA003029B1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2312412T3 (es) |
| FR (1) | FR2805051B1 (es) |
| HU (1) | HUP0202591A2 (es) |
| MX (1) | MXPA01010291A (es) |
| NO (1) | NO334278B1 (es) |
| OA (1) | OA11927A (es) |
| PL (1) | PL197979B1 (es) |
| PT (1) | PT1173781E (es) |
| SA (1) | SA01220009B1 (es) |
| SK (1) | SK286707B6 (es) |
| TN (1) | TNSN01027A1 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2001059481A1 (es) |
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| WO2009117174A1 (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | An efficient method for inversion of geophysical data |
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| US3568142A (en) * | 1967-01-16 | 1971-03-02 | Pan American Petroleum Corp | Multiple frequency surveying system |
| DE1913875A1 (de) * | 1969-03-19 | 1970-10-08 | Prakla Gmbh | Laufzeitmessverfahren fuer geophysikalische Untersuchungen |
| US4188611A (en) * | 1972-11-07 | 1980-02-12 | United Geophysical Corporation | Seismic prospecting system |
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| JPS58140017A (ja) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-08-19 | Junichi Azuma | 心不全治療剤 |
| FR2589587B1 (fr) * | 1985-10-30 | 1988-02-05 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de prospection sismique marine utilisant un signal vibratoire code et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre |
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| US4823326A (en) * | 1986-07-21 | 1989-04-18 | The Standard Oil Company | Seismic data acquisition technique having superposed signals |
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| FR2696241B1 (fr) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-12-30 | Geophysique Cie Gle | Méthode d'acquisition et de traitement de données sismiques enregistrées sur des récepteurs disposés verticalement dans le sous-sol en vue de suivre le déplacement des fluides dans un réservoir. |
| US5610134A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1997-03-11 | Genentech, Inc. | Treatment of congestive heart failure |
| WO1997013213A1 (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-04-10 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method of dip moveout analysis on a massively parallel computer |
| GB2306219B (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1999-06-23 | Nigel Allister Anstey | 3-d seismic survey using multiple sources simultaneously |
| US5798982A (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1998-08-25 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Method for inverting reflection trace data from 3-D and 4-D seismic surveys and identifying subsurface fluid and pathways in and among hydrocarbon reservoirs based on impedance models |
| JP3721664B2 (ja) * | 1996-11-08 | 2005-11-30 | 富士電機システムズ株式会社 | 回転震源装置 |
| US5700283A (en) * | 1996-11-25 | 1997-12-23 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Method and apparatus for pacing patients with severe congestive heart failure |
| US5998386A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-12-07 | Feldman; Arthur M. | Pharmaceutical compositions and method of using same for the treatment of failing myocardial tissue |
| FR2775349B1 (fr) * | 1998-02-20 | 2000-04-07 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode et dispositif de surveillance permanente d'une formation souterraine |
| US6529833B2 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2003-03-04 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Reservoir monitoring in a laminated reservoir using 4-D time lapse data and multicomponent induction data |
| GB9927395D0 (en) * | 1999-05-19 | 2000-01-19 | Schlumberger Holdings | Improved seismic data acquisition method |
| IL131834A0 (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-03-19 | M T R E Advanced Technology Lt | Method and system for improving cardiac output of a patient |
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2000
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- 2001-02-09 WO PCT/FR2001/000379 patent/WO2001059481A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2001-02-09 OA OA1200100258A patent/OA11927A/fr unknown
- 2001-02-09 CA CA2366550A patent/CA2366550C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-09 HU HU0202591A patent/HUP0202591A2/hu unknown
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