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EP1162308B1 - Calender - Google Patents

Calender Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1162308B1
EP1162308B1 EP01113894A EP01113894A EP1162308B1 EP 1162308 B1 EP1162308 B1 EP 1162308B1 EP 01113894 A EP01113894 A EP 01113894A EP 01113894 A EP01113894 A EP 01113894A EP 1162308 B1 EP1162308 B1 EP 1162308B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
calender
force
roller
roll
rolls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01113894A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1162308A1 (en
Inventor
Dr. Peter Svenka
Dr. Bernhard Brendel
Jörg Prey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1162308A1 publication Critical patent/EP1162308A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1162308B1 publication Critical patent/EP1162308B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21GCALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/002Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a calender for the treatment of a web, in particular a paper web, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Super calenders have been used to smooth paper webs for decades, in which so-called soft or elastic rollers are used, each with form a soft nip on a hard roller.
  • soft or elastic rollers were in the Supercalender first used paper or cotton rollers.
  • cotton rollers was disadvantageous thereby the high marking sensitivity of the surfaces of such elastic Rollers.
  • the bearings of the roll journals of the intermediate rolls of a calender were included their bearing housings attached to slide guides of a calender stand. From the AT-PS 232840 is such a calender for paper or the like. Web-like material known with a series of inclined rollers arranged one above the other, in which all rollers are stored in a common machine frame. On the Machine frames can have brackets for the bearings of two rows of calender rolls slide on a common lower roller with a larger diameter support. On the top roller of each roller row is over push rods, which are connected to the brackets of these rollers by hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders set an adjustable pressure.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a calender according to the preamble of Claim 1 to create, regardless of whether the rolls of a roll stack are arranged in a vertical, horizontal or inclined roll stack plane, is vibration-resistant and good smoothing results even at high working speeds supplies.
  • a calender for treating a web in particular one Paper web, created the setting of the compressive stress in the nips structurally simplified.
  • An intensive treatment of a web by feeding the required energy is possible in all operating conditions, i.e. that the pressure stress and temperature level in the individual nips according to demand is adjustable accordingly.
  • the wear of the roller system, especially the elastic rollers significantly reduced and the calender thereby maintenance.
  • the two-sided force arms according to the invention preferably attack in Center of gravity of the forces on the bearing, so that no tilting moments on the linear guide arise.
  • connection modules are structurally simple and the roller positions define exactly and fix modular.
  • the straight-line movements or linear movements of the guide carriage carrying at least the intermediate rolls with path lengths minimized due to the lower number of rollers result in a low-friction, exact guidance of the rollers in the nip planes.
  • Fig. 1 shows a calender for the treatment of a web 1, in particular a paper web, with at least one roll stack 2 of several in one Roll stack level arranged rolls 3, 4, 5, 6, each of which two adjacent rollers 3, 4 and 4, 5 and 5, 6 form a nip 7, 8, 9, which the Material web 1 passes through in a direction D.
  • the rollers 3, 4, 5, 6 of one Roll stack 2 are inclined to an installation plane H of the calender arranged.
  • the rollers can also be stacked vertically or horizontally be arranged side by side.
  • the calender preferably comprises a second roll stack 10 arranged from a plurality in a roll stack plane Rollers 11, 12, 13, which in turn form nips 14, 15, from the web 1 be passed in the direction of flow D.
  • the rollers 11, 12, 13 of the second Roll stack 10 are arranged horizontally next to one another here. Alternatively, you can but also here the rollers vertically one above the other or inclined to the installation level H of the calender.
  • the angle of the roll stack plane to the installation plane H of the calender can be selected in Depending on the number of rolls in a roll stack, the number of rolls to be driven Calendering speeds, the roller loads in the nips, the Requirements for the nip geometry as well as the available ones Spaces.
  • the roller stacks 2, 10 preferably comprise hard ones to form soft nips and soft rollers. It is further preferred that the respective outer rollers 3, 6 and 11, 13 of the two roll stacks 2, 10 are bending adjustment rolls.
  • the calender shown in Fig. 1 comprises a roll stack 2, the upper one External roller 3 as a hard and preferably heated roller and as a bending adjustment roller is trained.
  • This hard roller 3 forms a soft nip 7 with a soft one Intermediate roller 4, which has a second soft nip 8 with a hard intermediate roller 5 forms.
  • the hard intermediate roller 5 forms a second soft nip 9 with a lower one soft outer roller 6, which in turn is designed as a bending adjustment roller.
  • All Rollers 3, 4, 5, 6 are preferably equipped with their own power drives, the drive lines are controlled such that the respective adjacent Driving torque transmitted to the rollers can be kept to a minimum. The genesis of shear stresses acting on the web due to This minimizes torque transmission through the rollers.
  • the second roll stack 10 comprises two soft outer rolls 11, 13, each form a soft nip 14, 15 with a hard intermediate roller 12. Also here are the Rollers 11, 12, 13 are preferably equipped with their own power drives.
  • the basic load of the roll stack or rolls 2, 10 of a calender is carried out by End ago.
  • at 1 are those at the ends of the roll stacks 2, 10 provided outer rollers as bending adjustment rollers 3, 6 and 11, 13.
  • the Basic load forces can be completely or partially by the so-called self-loading bending adjustment rollers 3, 6 and 11, 13 with an inner stroke are provided, for which purpose the bending adjustment rollers are held fixed to the frame during operation or by means of reciprocating pistons 60, 61, 62 fixed to the frame against the roller stack 2, 10 are pushable.
  • the rollers 3 to 6 and 11 to 13 of the roller stack 2, 10 have Roller axis ends 29 (see. Fig. 3 to 5), each on both sides via a connection module 18, 19 are attached to a calender stand 16, 17, for which purpose Calender stand 16, 17 carrier modules 20 which for receiving and Attachment of the connection modules 18, 19 are used.
  • the carrier modules 20 are preferably rigidly attached to the calender stand 16, 17, with this one Form unit. Then each supports itself via the connection modules 18, 19 Roll 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13 with their roll axis ends 29 (see FIGS. 3 to 5) the calender stand 16, 17.
  • connection modules 18, 19 can be moved linearly on the carrier modules 20 Calender stand 16, 17 out.
  • the carrier modules 20 can be prismatic Linear guides (see Fig. 3) or rolling element bearing linear guides (see Fig. 4 and 5) be formed.
  • the in a connection module 18, 19 arranged rollers 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13 worn and can be moved towards each other to open and / or close a calender close and to apply basic loads, at least one Outer roller is fixed to the calender stand, so against a fixed one Roller of the roller stack for setting a line load characteristic is resilient.
  • connection modules 18, 19 each freely movable on the calender stand 16, 17 be and thereby with their own weights and those associated with them overhanging loads. This increases the compressive stress in the nips from top down.
  • the device 22 for applying force is formed by one on the calender stand 16, 17 supporting force transducer, which has a fixed bearing 31 is attached to the calender stand 16, 17.
  • the force transmitter is used to transmit a Lifting force on each of an intermediate roller 4, 5, 12 carrying and leading Connection modules 19, whereby a selectable line load setting Linear movement of the connection modules 19 relative to the respective carrier module 20 is adjustable.
  • the force transmitter can be double-acting, so that through the device 22 for applying force, the linear movement on both sides is executable.
  • the Device 22 for introducing force as a force transmitter a two-sided force arm 23, the between two power arm ends 24, 25 via a fixed axle bearing 31 on the Calender stand 16 is rotatably mounted.
  • the one arm 24 engages Power arm 23 on a connection module 19, while on the other Force arm end 25 acts on a lifting cylinder 26, the lifting force of which acts on the force arm 23 the connection module 19 is transferable.
  • the forced management of the Connection module 19 on the calender stand 16 is transmitted from the power arm 23 Lifting power converted into a linear movement.
  • each side of the Calender stand 16 for each roll axis end of an intermediate roll Device 22 for force introduction is provided which has a jointly acting Device 22 for applying force, however, each side individually can be adjustable to act on each roller axis end a certain force allow.
  • the lifting cylinder 26 is preferably a double-acting lifting cylinder trained, which is supported on the calender stand 16 and pivotable on the Power arm 25 is articulated.
  • the force arm end 24, which on the connection module 19th attacks, is preferably formed with a guide track 27 in which one of the Connection module 19 extending guide cam 28 is guided to a Implementation of a triggered by the lifting cylinder 26 at the power arm 23 To allow rotary motion in a straight motion.
  • the guideway can, for example, from a mouth-like opening of the end of the lever arm 24 be formed.
  • roller axis ends of a roller 4, 5, 12 are Correspondingly storable in connection modules 19, on which devices 22 for Apply force as described above.
  • the devices 22 for Force application can be controlled individually and via one for the calender provided overall control of the devices 22 for introducing a force Roll stack adjustable.
  • the force transmitter can be used comprise a power arm mounted on the calender stand, which is a linear has displaceable power arm end, for direct transmission of the lifting power transmitted by a lifting cylinder.
  • connection module 19 comprises a connection body 21, with which the connection module 19 sits linearly on the carrier module 20, for what a prismatic guide is provided here.
  • the roller 4 is with her Roller axis end 29 stored in a bearing housing 30 which on the Connection body 21 is attached or formed with this, the power arms 23rd engage on both sides of the connector body 21.
  • the connector body 21 can be a separable from the connector body 21 Have carriage 42, which is linearly seated on the carrier module 20.
  • the carrier module 20 itself has a guide part 41, which is the prismatic Leadership forms. Then you can quickly release a roller from the calender stand if necessary, a separation between connector body 21 and carriage 42 respectively.
  • connection modules 18 of the outer rollers 3, 6 and 11, 13 can be according to the Connection modules 19 may be equipped with devices 22 for the introduction of force.
  • the connection modules 18 are brackets which are attached to the Calender stands 16, 17 can be individually fixed, for which purpose corresponding to these Locking devices can be provided.
  • FIG. 4 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 3 of a calender according to a second embodiment, in which the connection modules 19 at least the Intermediate rollers 4, 5, 12 have a rolling element bearing linear guide with the calender stand 16, 17 form.
  • a carrier module 20 is attached to the calender stand 16, the one Guide body forms for receiving a guide part 41, which here from a Number of rolling elements, in particular balls, is formed, the one or more rows can be arranged.
  • the one that is movably carried on the carrier module 20 Connection module 19 in turn comprises a connection body 43, which here is one Guide carriage 42, which acts as a running body on the carrier module 40 is guided.
  • the bearing housing 30 is fastened to the connecting body 43, which receives a roller axis end 29.
  • the device 22 for applying force acts on the connector body 43 and the carriage 42 on the Roller axis ends 29.
  • connection module 19 comprises a guide carriage 42 which is attached to one Carrier module 20 forming a linear guide is arranged so that it can be moved linearly and thus can perform a smooth movement relative to the calender stand 16.
  • the power arm 24 of the device 22 for applying force engages the connection module 19 on. Otherwise, the explanations for the first embodiment apply accordingly.
  • the third exemplary embodiment of a calender shown in FIG. 5 differs from the second embodiment shown in Fig. 4 in that the Power arm end 24 of the power arm 23 directly on the roller axis end 29, which here preferably not rotated, attacks. Otherwise, the comments on the first apply and second embodiment accordingly.
  • Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of a calender, in which the 5 is combined with a pushing device 44 which attacks on the roller axis end 29 of an intermediate roller 4 and when releasing the Bearing housing 30 from the calender stand 16, the intermediate roller 4 in a Expansion position brings.
  • This pushing device 44 is formed, for example, by one acting on the roller axis end 29 and guided on the connecting body 43
  • Carrier 45 which is movable in the direction away from the calender stand 16, including a Storage in a sliding bush 46 can be provided.
  • the carrier 45 is for this releasably attached to the connector body 43.

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  • Paper (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

The calender assembly, especially for processing paper webs, has connecting modules (19) as the mounting for at least the intermediate rollers (4,5,12). Each module has a connecting body, which has movement on a carrier module (20) at the calender columns. A double-sided swing force arm (23) is part of the force distributor (22), on a bearing mounting (31). At the calender assembly, at least one end of the force arms acts on the ends of the roller axes and a lifter acts on the other arm ends with an adjustable lifting action on the ends of the roller axes and force the intermediate rollers into a linear movement. The ends of the force arms act directly on the connecting bodies or the ends of the roller axes. The lifting mechanism has a lifting cylinder, in a pivot support at the machine columns, as double-action cylinders. The force is applied by a pair of double-sided swing force arms, at opposite sides of the machine columns, to act on both ends of the roller axes, with the force distributed to the connecting bodies. Each carrier module has a prismatic guide, for a linear movement of the connecting module with a trolley to carry an end of the roller axis and transmit the force to the ends of the axis. The guide trolley has roller bearings to ride on the carrier module. The end of the force arm has a guide path, to guide projecting cams from the connecting module. The connecting module has a release holder for the bearing housing at the end of the roller, with a push unit to carry the supported roller. The force arms at the opposite ends of the rollers can be adjusted independently. The force distributors can be set separately, to give an adjusted pressure tension curve in a roller stack (2). The roller stacks (2,10) are composed of soft rollers (4,6,11,13) and hard rollers (3,5,12), each with their own power drives. The outer rollers of the roller stacks have bending adjustment. The planes of the roller stacks are vertical, horizontal or at an angle.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kalander für die Behandlung einer Warenbahn, insbesondere einer Papierbahn, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a calender for the treatment of a web, in particular a paper web, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Seit Jahrzehnten werden zur Glättung von Papierbahnen Superkalander eingesetzt, in denen sogenannte weiche bzw. elastische Walzen verwendet werden, die mit je einer harten Walze einen weichen Nip bilden. Als elastische Walzen wurden in den Superkalandem zunächst Papier- oder Baumwollwalzen verwendet. Nachteilig war dabei die hohe Markierungsempfindlichkeit der Oberflächen solcher elastischer Walzen. Wegen der geringen Standzeiten der elastischen Walzen mußten diese oft gewechselt werden. Die mit dem Walzenwechseln verbundenen Stillstandszeiten führten zu einem hohen Instandhaltungsaufwand.Super calenders have been used to smooth paper webs for decades, in which so-called soft or elastic rollers are used, each with form a soft nip on a hard roller. As elastic rollers were in the Supercalender first used paper or cotton rollers. Was disadvantageous thereby the high marking sensitivity of the surfaces of such elastic Rollers. Because of the short service life of the elastic rollers, they often had to change. The downtimes associated with changing the rollers led to high maintenance costs.

Durch die Entwicklung von immer leistungsfähigeren Kunststoffwalzenbezügen konnte inzwischen eine wesentlich höhere Markierungsresistenz und Verschleißfestigkeit der Oberflächen der elastischen Kalanderwalzen erreicht werden. By developing ever more powerful plastic roller covers has meanwhile been able to achieve significantly higher marking resistance and wear resistance of the surfaces of the elastic calender rolls.

Die Lager der Walzenzapfen der Zwischenwalzen eines Kalanders wurden dabei mit ihren Lagergehäusen an Gleitführungen eines Kalanderständers angebracht. Aus der AT-PS 232840 ist ein derartiger Kalander für Papier oder dgl. bahnförmiges Material mit einer Reihe von geneigt übereinander angeordneten Walzen bekannt, bei dem alle Walzen in einem gemeinsamen Maschinenrahmen gelagert sind. Auf dem Maschinenrahmen können Halterungen für die Lager von zwei Reihen von Kalanderwalzen gleiten, die sich an einer gemeinsamen unteren Walze mit größerem Durchmesser abstützen. Auf die oberste Walze jeder Walzenreihe wird über Druckstangen, die mit den Halterungen dieser Walzen in Verbindung stehen, durch hydraulische oder pneumatische Zylinder ein einstellbarer Druck eingestellt.The bearings of the roll journals of the intermediate rolls of a calender were included their bearing housings attached to slide guides of a calender stand. From the AT-PS 232840 is such a calender for paper or the like. Web-like material known with a series of inclined rollers arranged one above the other, in which all rollers are stored in a common machine frame. On the Machine frames can have brackets for the bearings of two rows of calender rolls slide on a common lower roller with a larger diameter support. On the top roller of each roller row is over push rods, which are connected to the brackets of these rollers by hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders set an adjustable pressure.

Aufgrund der Bewegungen der Lagergehäuse an den Gleitführungen des Kalanderständers während des Betriebs und in Verbindung mit einer Walzenschnelltrennung und langen Walzentrennwegen kam es zu unvermeidlichem Verschleiß der Ständergleitführungen und Führungen an den Lagergehäusen. Um diese Verschleißerscheinungen und die damit verbundenen Ungenauigkeiten in der Steuerung der Nipgeometrie und in der Zuführung der Nipenergien zu vermeiden, wurden die Zwischenwalzen in Hebeln gelagert, die um gestellfeste Achsen schwenkbar sind. Diese altbewährte Lagerung der Zwischenwalzen ist beispielsweise in DE 197 57 472 A1 oder DE 198 00 331 A1 beschrieben.Due to the movement of the bearing housing on the slide guides of the calender stand during operation and in connection with a quick roll separation and long roller raceways, there was inevitable wear on the stator slide guides and guides on the bearing housings. To these signs of wear and the associated inaccuracies in the control of the To avoid nip geometry and in the supply of nip energies, the Intermediate rollers are mounted in levers that can be swiveled around fixed axes. This tried and tested storage of the intermediate rolls is described, for example, in DE 197 57 472 A1 or DE 198 00 331 A1.

Bei solchen Hebelarmsystemen kumulieren die Funktionen des Walzentragens, des Walzenführens und des Kompensierens der Walzeneigengewichte. Sie werden also gemeinsam ausgeführt. Die die Walzen aufhängenden Hebel besitzen dabei relativ lange Hebelarme, deren Länge mit steigenden Walzendurchmessem wächst, mit der Folge, daß die Hebel oft nicht ausreichend stabil sind und damit unter dem Einfluß der beschriebenen Kräfte vibrations- bzw. schwingungsanfällig sind. Durch die immer wieder auftretenden Axialkräfte in den Zwischenwalzen werden die Hebelarme zusätzlich belastet. Bei geneigten Kalanderständern werden die vibrationsanfälligen Hebelarme noch zusätzlich durch Knickkräfte belastet, die aus den entsprechenden Komponenten der Walzen-Eigengewichtskräfte resultieren.In such lever arm systems, the functions of the roller support, the Roll guiding and compensating the roll's own weights. So you will executed together. The levers that hang the rollers have relative long lever arms, the length of which increases with increasing roller diameters, with the As a result, the levers are often not sufficiently stable and therefore under the influence the forces described are susceptible to vibration. By always recurring axial forces in the intermediate rolls are the lever arms additionally charged. If the calender stands are inclined, they are more susceptible to vibration Lever arms additionally burdened by buckling forces resulting from the corresponding Components of the roller's own weight forces result.

Die durch den Online-Betrieb erzwungene wesentliche Steigerung der Produktivität der Kalandrieranlagen mußte vor allem durch eine entsprechende Erhöhung der Kalandriergeschwindigkeiten erbracht werden. Gleichzeitig mußten auch die Maschinenbreiten, d.h. die Längen der Walzen und ihre Durchmesser, vergrößert werden. Schließlich mußten die Nipkräfte bzw. die Nipumformungsenergien erhöht werden. Dies alles sind Kalandrierbedingungen, die die Hebelarme weiter belasten.The substantial increase in productivity forced by online operation of the calendering systems had to be increased primarily by a corresponding increase in Calendering speeds are provided. At the same time, they also had to Machine widths, i.e. the lengths of the rolls and their diameters increased become. Finally, the nip forces or the nip forming energies had to be increased become. All of these are calendering conditions that place further stress on the lever arms.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Kalander nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zu schaffen, der unabhängig davon, ob die Walzen eines Walzenstapels in einer vertikalen, horizontalen oder geneigten Walzenstapelebene angeordnet sind, schwingungssteif ist und auch bei hohen Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten gute Glättergebnisse liefert.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a calender according to the preamble of Claim 1 to create, regardless of whether the rolls of a roll stack are arranged in a vertical, horizontal or inclined roll stack plane, is vibration-resistant and good smoothing results even at high working speeds supplies.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 solved.

Hierdurch wird ein Kalander zur Behandlung einer Warenbahn, insbesondere einer Papierbahn, geschaffen, der die Einstellung der Druckspannungen in den Nips konstruktiv vereinfacht. Eine Intensivbehandlung einer Warenbahn durch Zuführung der benötigten Umformungsenergie ist in allen Betriebszuständen möglich, d.h., daß das Druckspannungs- und Temperaturniveau in den einzelnen Nips dem Bedarf entsprechend einstellbar ist. Dagegen ist der Verschleiß des Walzensystems, insbesondere der elastischen Walzen, wesentlich reduziert und der Kalander dadurch wartungsarm. As a result, a calender for treating a web, in particular one Paper web, created the setting of the compressive stress in the nips structurally simplified. An intensive treatment of a web by feeding the required energy is possible in all operating conditions, i.e. that the pressure stress and temperature level in the individual nips according to demand is adjustable accordingly. In contrast, the wear of the roller system, especially the elastic rollers, significantly reduced and the calender thereby maintenance.

Während bei den vorbekannten Kalandern die Zwischenwalzen an Hebeln gelagert und geführt sind, d.h. die Zwischenwalzen hängen in diesen Hebeln, werden erfindungsgemäß diese Hebel eliminiert. Die Verlagerung der Walzen erfolgt über am Kalanderständer geradgeführte Anschlußmodule. Um die Gravitationsmassenkräfte (Eigengewichtskräfte) der Walzen und der mit den Walzen verbundenen Teilen teilweise oder gänzlich aufzuheben (zu kompensieren) oder darüber hinaus überzukompensieren, wird eine getrennte zumindest auf die Zwischenwalzen wirkende Vorrichtung zur Krafteinleitung verwendet. Die Vorrichtung zur Krafteinleitung ist nicht zur Grundbelastung der nipbildenden Walzen im Walzenspalt bestimmt, sondern zu ihrer gezielten Modifizierung.While in the known calenders the intermediate rolls are mounted on levers and are guided, i.e. the intermediate rollers hang in these levers according to the invention eliminates these levers. The rollers are moved via Straight connection modules on the calender stand. To the Gravitational mass forces (own weight forces) of the rolls and those with the rolls partially or completely cancel the connected parts (to compensate) or In addition, overcompensating will be a separate one at least on the Intermediate roller device used to apply force. The device to apply force is not to the basic load of the nip-forming rollers in the Roll nip determined, but for their targeted modification.

Dies führt zu einer konsequenten Trennung des Walzenführens und Walzentragens von der Einleitung kompensierender Kräfte für die Walzeneigengewichte, und gegebenenfalls überhängenden Gewichte. Zwischenglieder, wie beispielsweise Hebelarme, werden vermieden. Die Walzenlager werden vielmehr direkt vom Kalanderständer getragen, wodurch eine spielfreie linear leichtgängig verschiebbare Koppelung der Lagergehäuse der Zwischenwalzen mit einem vibrationssteif ausbildbaren Kalanderständer erreicht wird. Vibrations- bzw. Schwingungsansätze werden in den Ständer abgeleitet und durch seine große schwingungsdämpfende Masse beseitigt. Eine höchste Vibrations-, Schwingungs- und Beanspruchungssteifigkeit eines Kalanders ist das Ergebnis.This leads to a consequent separation of roller guidance and roller support from the introduction of compensating forces for the roll weights, and if necessary overhanging weights. Intermediate links, such as Lever arms are avoided. The roller bearings are rather directly from Calender stand worn, which makes a play-free linear smoothly movable Coupling the bearing housing of the intermediate rolls with a vibration-resistant trainable calender stand is achieved. Vibration approaches are derived in the stand and by its large vibration damping Mass eliminated. A highest vibration, vibration and The result is the stiffness of a calender.

Dies läßt eine höhere Belastung der Zwischenwalzen zu, d.h. eine Erhöhung der Streckenlast bzw. Druckspannung in den Nips. Dadurch ist eine Steigerung der Glättleistung möglich, so daß die Zahl der Zwischenwalzen zum Erreichen eines bestimmten Glättergebnisses wesentlich reduziert werden kann. Weniger Walzen wiederum bedeutet, daß die Zahl der Schwingungserreger reduziert wird. This allows a higher load on the intermediate rolls, i.e. an increase in Line load or compressive stress in the nips. This is an increase in Smoothing performance possible, so that the number of intermediate rolls to reach a certain smoothing result can be significantly reduced. Less rolling in turn means that the number of vibrators is reduced.

Die Einleitung von Walzeneigengewichte kompensierenden Kräften wird mit Hilfe einer separaten, von den Walzenführungs- und Walzentragfunktionen getrennten Vorrichtung erreicht. Die Kompensations- bzw. Modifizierungskräfte können sehr präzise durch die ausschließlich für diese Funktion vorgesehenen Kompensierungsvorrichtungen erbracht werden, wodurch eine feinfühlige, selektive Einstellung der Einzelwalzen zueinander möglich ist. Im Ergebnis wird dadurch eine Steigerung der Kalandriergeschwindigkeit und folglich der Produktivität erreicht, wobei der so ausgerüstete Kalander für sämtliche Papiersorten einsetzbar ist.The introduction of roll self-compensating forces is with the help a separate one, separate from the roll guide and roll support functions Device reached. The compensation or modification forces can be very precisely through those intended exclusively for this function Compensation devices are provided, creating a sensitive, selective Adjustment of the individual rollers to each other is possible. The result is a Increase in calendering speed and consequently productivity, the calender equipped in this way can be used for all types of paper.

Die Lagerung und Führung der Walzen ist schließlich spielfrei und verschleißarm. Bei einer schrägen Aufstellung eines Walzenstapels können die auf den Kalanderständer senkrecht wirkenden Kraftkomponenten weitflächig in den Kalanderständer eingeleitet werden, was zu einer Entlastung von Kippmomenten führt.The storage and guidance of the rollers is finally free of play and low wear. at An inclined stack of rolls can be placed on the calender stand vertical force components in the calender stand be initiated, which leads to a relief of tilting moments.

Die erfindungsgemäßen zweiseitigen Kraftarme greifen vorzugsweise an im Schwerpunkt der Kräfte am Lager, so daß keine Kippmomente an der Linearführung entstehen.The two-sided force arms according to the invention preferably attack in Center of gravity of the forces on the bearing, so that no tilting moments on the linear guide arise.

Da die Schwingungen bzw. Vibrationen erregenden Kräfte, hervorgerufen durch Unwuchten der rotierenden Massen; unmittelbar in einen Kalanderständer abgeleitet und gedämpft werden, können hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten gefahren werden ohne Gefahr der Bildung geometrischer Veränderungen in den laufenden Papierbahnen und an den Umfängen der elastischen Walzenbezüge, die zur Entstehung periodischer Kräfte und auch zu Barringserscheinungen führen würden.Because the vibrations or vibrating forces caused by Unbalance of the rotating masses; derived directly into a calender stand and are damped, high working speeds can be driven without Danger of geometrical changes in the running paper webs and on the circumferences of the elastic roll covers, which lead to the creation periodic forces and also lead to barring phenomena.

Die Wartungs- und Walzenwechselarbeiten werden gesenkt, da die erfindungsgemäßen Anschlußmodule konstruktiv einfach aufgebaut sind und die Walzenpositionen genau definieren und modular fixieren. Die geradgeführten Bewegungen bzw. Linearbewegungen der mindestens die Zwischenwalzen tragenden Führungswagen mit aufgrund geringerer Walzenzahl minimierten Weglängen ergeben eine reibungsarme, exakte Führung der Walzen in den Nipebenen. Die auf einem Kreisbogenabschnitt ausgeführten Bewegungen von in Hebeln montierten Zwischenwalzen, die zu einer Verlagerung aus der Nipebene führen, werden ausgeschlossen.The maintenance and roll changing work are reduced because the invention Connection modules are structurally simple and the roller positions define exactly and fix modular. The straight-line movements or linear movements of the guide carriage carrying at least the intermediate rolls with path lengths minimized due to the lower number of rollers result in a low-friction, exact guidance of the rollers in the nip planes. The one Circular arc section movements performed by levers Intermediate rolls, which lead to a shift from the nip plane locked out.

Die bei horizontalen oder geneigten Walzenstapelebenen auf einen Kalanderständer senkrecht wirkenden Kraftkomponenten werden von den Anschlußmodulen in den Kalanderständer weitflächig eingeleitet und beanspruchen nicht die Vorrichtung zur Krafteinleitung.On horizontal or inclined roller stack levels on a calender stand vertically acting force components are from the connection modules in the Calender stand introduced extensively and do not claim the device for Force application.

Weiterhin ist die Anwendung von prismatischen oder wälzkörpergelagerten Kompaktführungen in massiver Bauweise mit einer direkten, einfederungsfreien Verbindung zum schwingungs- und vibrationssteifen Kalanderständer möglich.Furthermore, the use of prismatic or roller bearing Compact guides in massive construction with a direct, spring-free Connection to the vibration and vibration resistant calender stand possible.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung zu entnehmen.Further embodiments of the invention are the dependent claims and the see the following description.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der in den beigefügten Abbildungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt in schematischer Seitenansicht einen Kalander gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel bei geschlossenem Walzensystem,
  • Fig. 2 zeigt in schematischer Seitenansicht eine Einzelheit des Kalanders gemäß Fig. 1 in größerem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 3 zeigt eine Ansicht X nach Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 zeigt teilweise geschnitten eine Ansicht X eines Kalanders gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
  • Fig. 5 zeigt teilweise geschnitten eine Ansicht X eines Kalanders gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel,
  • Fig. 6 zeigt in schematischer Seitenansicht eine Einzelheit eines Kalanders gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel,
  • Fig. 7 zeigt in schematischer Seitenansicht eine Einzelheit eines Kalanders gemäß einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel.
  • The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the attached figures.
  • 1 shows a schematic side view of a calender according to a first embodiment with the roller system closed,
  • 2 shows a schematic side view of a detail of the calender according to FIG. 1 on a larger scale,
  • 3 shows a view X according to FIG. 2,
  • 4 shows a partially sectioned view X of a calender according to a second exemplary embodiment,
  • 5 shows a partially sectioned view X of a calender according to a third exemplary embodiment,
  • 6 shows a schematic side view of a detail of a calender according to a fourth exemplary embodiment,
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic side view of a detail of a calender according to a fifth embodiment.
  • Fig. 1 zeigt einen Kalander für die Behandlung einer Warenbahn 1, insbesondere einer Papierbahn, mit mindestens einem Walzenstapel 2 aus mehreren in einer Walzenstapelebene angeordneten Walzen 3, 4, 5, 6, von denen jeweils zwei benachbarte Walzen 3, 4 und 4, 5 und 5, 6 einen Nip 7, 8, 9 bilden, die die Warenbahn 1 in einer Durchlaufrichtung D durchläuft. Die Walzen 3, 4, 5, 6 des einen Walzenstapels 2 sind hier zu einer Aufstellebene H des Kalanders geneigt angeordnet. Alternativ können die Walzen auch vertikal übereinander oder horizontal nebeneinander angeordnet sein.Fig. 1 shows a calender for the treatment of a web 1, in particular a paper web, with at least one roll stack 2 of several in one Roll stack level arranged rolls 3, 4, 5, 6, each of which two adjacent rollers 3, 4 and 4, 5 and 5, 6 form a nip 7, 8, 9, which the Material web 1 passes through in a direction D. The rollers 3, 4, 5, 6 of one Roll stack 2 are inclined to an installation plane H of the calender arranged. Alternatively, the rollers can also be stacked vertically or horizontally be arranged side by side.

    Für eine zweiseitige Behandlung der Warenbahn umfaßt der Kalander vorzugsweise einen zweiten Walzenstapel 10 aus mehreren in einer Walzenstapelebene angeordneten Walzen 11, 12, 13, die wiederum Nips 14, 15 bilden, die von der Warenbahn 1 in der Durchlaufrichtung D durchlaufen werden. Die Walzen 11, 12, 13 des zweiten Walzenstapels 10 sind hier horizontal nebeneinander angeordnet. Alternativ können aber auch hier die Walzen vertikal übereinander oder geneigt zu der Aufstellebene H des Kalanders angeordnet sein.For a two-sided treatment of the web, the calender preferably comprises a second roll stack 10 arranged from a plurality in a roll stack plane Rollers 11, 12, 13, which in turn form nips 14, 15, from the web 1 be passed in the direction of flow D. The rollers 11, 12, 13 of the second Roll stack 10 are arranged horizontally next to one another here. Alternatively, you can but also here the rollers vertically one above the other or inclined to the installation level H of the calender.

    Der Winkel der Walzenstapelebene zur Aufstellebene H des Kalanders ist wählbar in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der Walzen in einem Walzenstapel, den zu fahrenden Kalandriergeschwindigkeiten, den Walzenbelastungen in den Nips, den Anforderungen an die Nipgeometrie als auch den zur Verfügung stehenden Raumverhältnissen. The angle of the roll stack plane to the installation plane H of the calender can be selected in Depending on the number of rolls in a roll stack, the number of rolls to be driven Calendering speeds, the roller loads in the nips, the Requirements for the nip geometry as well as the available ones Spaces.

    Die Walzenstapel 2, 10 umfassen zur Ausbildung von Softnips vorzugsweise harte und weiche Walzen. Bevorzugt ist weiterhin, daß die jeweiligen Außenwalzen 3, 6 und 11, 13 der beiden Walzenstapel 2, 10 Biegeeinstellwalzen sind.The roller stacks 2, 10 preferably comprise hard ones to form soft nips and soft rollers. It is further preferred that the respective outer rollers 3, 6 and 11, 13 of the two roll stacks 2, 10 are bending adjustment rolls.

    Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Kalander umfaßt einen Walzenstapel 2, dessen obere Außenwalze 3 als harte und vorzugsweise beheizte Walze und als Biegeeinstellwalze ausgebildet ist. Diese harte Walze 3 bildet einen Softnip 7 mit einer weichen Zwischenwalze 4, die einen zweiten Softnip 8 mit einer harten Zwischenwalze 5 bildet. Die harte Zwischenwalze 5 bildet einen zweiten Softnip 9 mit einer unteren weichen Außenwalze 6, die wiederum als Biegeeinstellwalze ausgebildet ist. Alle Walzen 3, 4, 5, 6 sind vorzugsweise mit eigenen Leistungsantrieben ausgestattet, wobei die Antriebsleitungen derart gesteuert werden, daß die jeweils auf benachbarte Walzen übertragenen Antriebsmomente minimal gehalten werden. Die Entstehung von auf die Warenbahn wirkenden Schubspannungen aufgrund von Drehmomentübertragung durch die Walzen wird hierdurch minimiert.The calender shown in Fig. 1 comprises a roll stack 2, the upper one External roller 3 as a hard and preferably heated roller and as a bending adjustment roller is trained. This hard roller 3 forms a soft nip 7 with a soft one Intermediate roller 4, which has a second soft nip 8 with a hard intermediate roller 5 forms. The hard intermediate roller 5 forms a second soft nip 9 with a lower one soft outer roller 6, which in turn is designed as a bending adjustment roller. All Rollers 3, 4, 5, 6 are preferably equipped with their own power drives, the drive lines are controlled such that the respective adjacent Driving torque transmitted to the rollers can be kept to a minimum. The genesis of shear stresses acting on the web due to This minimizes torque transmission through the rollers.

    Der zweite Walzenstapel 10 umfaßt zwei weiche Außenwalzen 11, 13, die jeweils einen Softnip 14, 15 bilden mit einer harten Zwischenwalze 12. Auch hier sind die Walzen 11, 12, 13 vorzugsweise mit eigenen Leistungsantrieben ausgestattet.The second roll stack 10 comprises two soft outer rolls 11, 13, each form a soft nip 14, 15 with a hard intermediate roller 12. Also here are the Rollers 11, 12, 13 are preferably equipped with their own power drives.

    Die Grundbelastung des oder der Walzenstapel 2, 10 eines Kalanders erfolgt vom Ende her. Dazu sind üblicherweise eine an einem Ende des Walzenstapels befindliche, durch eine Hubvorrichtung verstellbare Anpreßwalze und eine am anderen Ende des Walzenstapels befindliche Gegendruckwalze vorgesehen. Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kalander sind die an den Enden der Walzenstapel 2, 10 vorgesehenen Außenwalzen als Biegeeinstellwalzen 3, 6 und 11, 13 ausgebildet. Die Grundbelastungskräfte können hier ganz oder teilweise durch die sogenannten selbstbelastenden Biegeeinstellwalzen 3, 6 und 11, 13 mit einem inneren Hub erbracht werden, wozu die Biegeeinstellwalzen im Betrieb gestellfest gehalten oder durch im Betrieb gestellfeste Hubkolben 60, 61, 62 gegen den Walzenstapel 2, 10 drückbar sind.The basic load of the roll stack or rolls 2, 10 of a calender is carried out by End ago. There are usually one at one end of the roll stack located, by a lifting device adjustable pressure roller and a provided counter-pressure roller located at the other end of the roll stack. at 1 are those at the ends of the roll stacks 2, 10 provided outer rollers as bending adjustment rollers 3, 6 and 11, 13. The Basic load forces can be completely or partially by the so-called self-loading bending adjustment rollers 3, 6 and 11, 13 with an inner stroke are provided, for which purpose the bending adjustment rollers are held fixed to the frame during operation or by means of reciprocating pistons 60, 61, 62 fixed to the frame against the roller stack 2, 10 are pushable.

    Die Walzen 3 bis 6 und 11 bis 13 der Walzenstapels 2, 10 besitzen Walzenachsenenden 29 (vgl. Fig. 3 bis 5), die jeweils beidseitig über ein Anschlußmodul 18, 19 an einem Kalanderständer 16, 17 befestigt sind, wozu der Kalanderständer 16, 17 Trägermodule 20 aufweist, die zur Aufnahme und Befestigung der Anschlußmodule 18, 19 dienen. Die Trägermodule 20 sind vorzugsweise starr am Kalanderständer 16, 17 befestigt, um mit diesem eine Baueinheit zu bilden. Über die Anschlußmodule 18, 19 stützt sich dann eine jede Walze 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13 mit ihren Walzenachsenenden 29 (vgl. Fig. 3 bis 5) an dem Kalanderständer 16, 17 ab.The rollers 3 to 6 and 11 to 13 of the roller stack 2, 10 have Roller axis ends 29 (see. Fig. 3 to 5), each on both sides via a connection module 18, 19 are attached to a calender stand 16, 17, for which purpose Calender stand 16, 17 carrier modules 20 which for receiving and Attachment of the connection modules 18, 19 are used. The carrier modules 20 are preferably rigidly attached to the calender stand 16, 17, with this one Form unit. Then each supports itself via the connection modules 18, 19 Roll 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13 with their roll axis ends 29 (see FIGS. 3 to 5) the calender stand 16, 17.

    Die Anschlußmodule 18, 19 sind linear verfahrbar an den Trägermodulen 20 der Kalanderständer 16, 17 geführt. Die Trägermodule 20 können als prismatische Linearführungen (vgl. Fig. 3) oder wälzkörpergelagerte Linearführungen (vgl. Fig. 4 und 5) ausgebildet sein. Mit einem solchen Linearführungssystem werden die in einem Anschlußmodul 18, 19 angeordneten Walzen 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13 getragen und können zueinander bewegt werden, um einen Kalander zu öffnen und/oder zu schließen und um Grundbelastungskräfte aufzubringen, wobei mindestens eine Außenwalze am Kalanderständer fixiert ist, damit gegenüber einer feststehenden Walze der Walzenstapel zur Einstellung einer Streckenlastkennlinie belastbar ist.The connection modules 18, 19 can be moved linearly on the carrier modules 20 Calender stand 16, 17 out. The carrier modules 20 can be prismatic Linear guides (see Fig. 3) or rolling element bearing linear guides (see Fig. 4 and 5) be formed. With such a linear guide system, the in a connection module 18, 19 arranged rollers 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13 worn and can be moved towards each other to open and / or close a calender close and to apply basic loads, at least one Outer roller is fixed to the calender stand, so against a fixed one Roller of the roller stack for setting a line load characteristic is resilient.

    Beispielsweise kann bei einem vertikalen Kalander die unterste Außenwalze feststehend ausgebildet und die darüber angeordneten Zwischenwalzen über ihre Anschlußmodule 18, 19 jeweils frei beweglich am Kalanderständer 16, 17 angeordnet sein und dadurch mit ihren Eigengewichten und den mit ihnen verbundenen überhängenden Lasten aufliegen. Dadurch steigt die Druckspannung in den Nips von oben nach unten an.For example, the lowest outer roller in a vertical calender stationary and the intermediate rollers arranged above them Connection modules 18, 19 each freely movable on the calender stand 16, 17 be and thereby with their own weights and those associated with them overhanging loads. This increases the compressive stress in the nips from top down.

    Um die überhängenden Lasten und gegebenenfalls den Eigengewichtseinfluß der Walzen zu vermindern, zu eliminieren oder überzukompensieren, so daß wählbare Druckspannungen in den einzelnen Nips einstellbar sind, insbesondere die Steigung der Streckenlastkennlinie individuell anzupassen, greift mindestens an den Anschlußmodulen 19 der Zwischenwalzen 4, 5, 12 jeweils eine Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung an.To the overhanging loads and possibly the weight influence of the Reduce, eliminate or overcompensate rollers so that selectable Compressive stresses in the individual nips are adjustable, especially the slope Adapting the line load characteristic individually applies at least to the Connection modules 19 of the intermediate rollers 4, 5, 12 each have a device 22 for Force application on.

    Die Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung wird gebildet von einem an dem Kalanderständer 16, 17 sich abstützenden Kraftgeber, der über eine gestellfeste Lagerung 31 am Kalanderständer 16, 17 befestigt ist. Der Kraftgeber dient zur Übertragung einer Hubkraft auf die jeweils eine Zwischenwalze 4, 5, 12 tragenden und führenden Anschlußmodule 19, wodurch zur wählbaren Streckenlasteinstellung eine Linearbewegung der Anschlußmodule 19 gegenüber dem jeweiligen Trägermodul 20 einstellbar ist. Der Kraftgeber kann dabei doppelseitig wirkend ausgebildet sein, so daß durch die Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung die Linearbewegung beidseitig ausführbar ist.The device 22 for applying force is formed by one on the calender stand 16, 17 supporting force transducer, which has a fixed bearing 31 is attached to the calender stand 16, 17. The force transmitter is used to transmit a Lifting force on each of an intermediate roller 4, 5, 12 carrying and leading Connection modules 19, whereby a selectable line load setting Linear movement of the connection modules 19 relative to the respective carrier module 20 is adjustable. The force transmitter can be double-acting, so that through the device 22 for applying force, the linear movement on both sides is executable.

    Gemäß dem in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel umfaßt die Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung als Kraftgeber einen zweiseitigen Kraftarm 23, der zwischen zwei Kraftarmenden 24, 25 über eine gestellfeste Achslagerung 31 an dem Kalanderständer 16 drehbar gelagert ist. Mit dem einen Kraftarmende 24 greift der Kraftarm 23 an einem Anschlußmodul 19 an, während an dem einen anderen Kraftarmende 25 ein Hubzylinder 26 wirkt, dessen Hubkraft von dem Kraftarm 23 auf das Anschlußmodul 19 übertragbar ist. Durch die Zwangsführung des Anschlußmoduls 19 am Kalanderständer 16 wird die vom Kraftarm 23 übertragene Hubkraft in eine Linearbewegung überführt. Vorzugsweise sind beidseitig des Kalanderständers 16 für jedes Walzenachsenende einer Zwischenwalze eine Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung vorgesehen, die eine gemeinsam wirkende Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung ergeben, wobei jedoch jede Seite individuell einstellbar sein kann, um an jedem Walzenachsenende eine bestimmte Kraft wirken zu lassen.According to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the Device 22 for introducing force as a force transmitter a two-sided force arm 23, the between two power arm ends 24, 25 via a fixed axle bearing 31 on the Calender stand 16 is rotatably mounted. With the one arm 24 engages Power arm 23 on a connection module 19, while on the other Force arm end 25 acts on a lifting cylinder 26, the lifting force of which acts on the force arm 23 the connection module 19 is transferable. By the forced management of the Connection module 19 on the calender stand 16 is transmitted from the power arm 23 Lifting power converted into a linear movement. Preferably on both sides of the Calender stand 16 for each roll axis end of an intermediate roll Device 22 for force introduction is provided which has a jointly acting Device 22 for applying force, however, each side individually can be adjustable to act on each roller axis end a certain force allow.

    Der Hubzylinder 26 ist vorzugsweise als ein doppelwirkender Hubzylinder ausgebildet, der sich an dem Kalanderständer 16 abstützt und schwenkbar an dem Kraftarmende 25 angelenkt ist. Das Kraftarmende 24, das an dem Anschlußmodul 19 angreift, ist vorzugsweise mit einer Führungsbahn 27 ausgebildet, in der ein von dem Anschlußmodul 19 sich erstreckender Führungsnocken 28 geführt ist, um eine Umsetzung einer durch den Hubzylinder 26 beim Kraftarm 23 ausgelöste Drehbewegung in eine geradgeführte Bewegung zu ermöglichen. Die Führungsbahn kann beispielsweise von einer maulartigen Öffnung des Endes des Hebelarms 24 gebildet werden.The lifting cylinder 26 is preferably a double-acting lifting cylinder trained, which is supported on the calender stand 16 and pivotable on the Power arm 25 is articulated. The force arm end 24, which on the connection module 19th attacks, is preferably formed with a guide track 27 in which one of the Connection module 19 extending guide cam 28 is guided to a Implementation of a triggered by the lifting cylinder 26 at the power arm 23 To allow rotary motion in a straight motion. The guideway can, for example, from a mouth-like opening of the end of the lever arm 24 be formed.

    Durch die Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung bleibt die freie Beweglichkeit der von dem zugehörigen Anschlußmodul 19 gelagerten Walze 4 zum Öffnen, Schließen und Belasten des Walzenstapels erhalten.Due to the device 22 for applying force, the free mobility of the the associated connection module 19 mounted roller 4 for opening, closing and Get loaded on the roll stack.

    Die jeweils gegenüberliegenden Walzenachsenenden einer Walze 4, 5, 12 sind entsprechend in Anschlußmodulen 19 lagerbar, an denen Vorrichtungen 22 zur Krafteinleitung, wie vorstehend beschrieben, angreifen. Die Vorrichtungen 22 zur Krafteinleitung sind jeweils einzeln steuerbar und über eine für den Kalander vorgesehene Gesamtsteuerung der Vorrichtungen 22 zur Krafteinleitung eines Walzenstapels einstellbar.The opposite roller axis ends of a roller 4, 5, 12 are Correspondingly storable in connection modules 19, on which devices 22 for Apply force as described above. The devices 22 for Force application can be controlled individually and via one for the calender provided overall control of the devices 22 for introducing a force Roll stack adjustable.

    Der Kraftgeber kann alternativ zu dem zweiseitigen, drehbar gelagerten Kraftarm 23 einen am Kalanderständer gelagerten Kraftarm umfassen, der ein linear verschiebbares Kraftarmende aufweist, das für eine unmittelbare Übertragung der von einem Hubzylinder übertragenen Hubkraft sorgt.As an alternative to the two-sided, rotatably mounted force arm 23, the force transmitter can be used comprise a power arm mounted on the calender stand, which is a linear has displaceable power arm end, for direct transmission of the lifting power transmitted by a lifting cylinder.

    Die Ausbildung der Anschlußmodule 19 gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt im einzelnen Fig. 3. Danach umfaßt das Anschlußmodul 19 einen Anschlußkörper 21, mit dem das Anschlußmodul 19 linear verfahrbar auf dem Trägermodul 20 sitzt, wozu hier eine prismatische Führung vorgesehen ist. Die Walze 4 ist mit ihrem Walzenachsenende 29 in einem Lagergehäuse 30 gelagert, das an dem Anschlußkörper 21 befestigt oder mit diesem ausgebildet ist, wobei die Kraftarme 23 beidseitig an dem Anschlußkörper 21 angreifen.The formation of the connection modules 19 according to the first embodiment shows 3. Thereafter, the connection module 19 comprises a connection body 21, with which the connection module 19 sits linearly on the carrier module 20, for what a prismatic guide is provided here. The roller 4 is with her Roller axis end 29 stored in a bearing housing 30 which on the Connection body 21 is attached or formed with this, the power arms 23rd engage on both sides of the connector body 21.

    Der Anschlußkörper 21 kann dabei einen vom Anschlußkörper 21 trennbaren Führungswagen 42 aufweisen, der linear verfahrbar auf dem Trägermodul 20 sitzt. Das Trägermodul 20 selbst weist ein Führungsteil 41 auf, das die prismatische Führung bildet. Zum schnellen Lösen einer Walze vom Kalanderständer kann dann gegebenenfalls eine Trennung zwischen Anschlußkörper 21 und Führungswagen 42 erfolgen.The connector body 21 can be a separable from the connector body 21 Have carriage 42, which is linearly seated on the carrier module 20. The carrier module 20 itself has a guide part 41, which is the prismatic Leadership forms. Then you can quickly release a roller from the calender stand if necessary, a separation between connector body 21 and carriage 42 respectively.

    Die Anschlußmodule 18 der Außenwalzen 3, 6 und 11, 13 können entsprechend der Anschlußmodule 19 mit Vorrichtungen 22 zur Krafteinleitung ausgestattet sein. Vorzugsweise sind die Anschlußmodule 18 jedoch Halterungen, die an dem Kalanderständer 16, 17 individuell fixierbar sind, wozu an diesen entsprechende Arretiervorrichtungen vorgesehen sein können.The connection modules 18 of the outer rollers 3, 6 and 11, 13 can be according to the Connection modules 19 may be equipped with devices 22 for the introduction of force. Preferably, however, the connection modules 18 are brackets which are attached to the Calender stands 16, 17 can be individually fixed, for which purpose corresponding to these Locking devices can be provided.

    Fig. 4 zeigt eine der Fig. 3 entsprechenden Ansicht eines Kalanders gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Anschlußmodule 19 zumindest der Zwischenwalzen 4, 5, 12 eine wälzkörpergelagerte Linearführung mit dem Kalanderständer 16, 17 bilden. FIG. 4 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 3 of a calender according to a second embodiment, in which the connection modules 19 at least the Intermediate rollers 4, 5, 12 have a rolling element bearing linear guide with the calender stand 16, 17 form.

    Gemäß Fig. 4 ist an dem Kalanderständer 16 ein Trägermodul 20 befestigt, das einen Führungskörper bildet zur Aufnahme eines Führungsteils 41, das hier von einer Anzahl Wälzkörpern, insbesondere Kugeln, gebildet wird, die ein- oder mehrreihig angeordnet sein können. Das an dem Trägermodul 20 verfahrbar getragene Anschlußmodul 19 umfaßt wiederum einen Anschlußkörper 43, der hier einen Führungswagen 42 aufweist, der als ein Laufkörper an dem Trägermodul 40 verfahrbar geführt ist. An dem Anschlußkörper 43 ist das Lagergehäuse 30 befestigt, das ein Walzenachsenende 29 aufnimmt. Die Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung wirkt über den Anschlußkörper 43 und den Führungswagen 42 auf die Walzenachsenenden 29.4, a carrier module 20 is attached to the calender stand 16, the one Guide body forms for receiving a guide part 41, which here from a Number of rolling elements, in particular balls, is formed, the one or more rows can be arranged. The one that is movably carried on the carrier module 20 Connection module 19 in turn comprises a connection body 43, which here is one Guide carriage 42, which acts as a running body on the carrier module 40 is guided. The bearing housing 30 is fastened to the connecting body 43, which receives a roller axis end 29. The device 22 for applying force acts on the connector body 43 and the carriage 42 on the Roller axis ends 29.

    Das Anschlußmodul 19 umfaßt einen Führungswagen 42, der an einem eine Geradführung bildenden Trägermodul 20 linear verfahrbar angeordnet ist und damit gegenüber dem Kalanderständer 16 eine leichtgängige Bewegung ausführen kann. Der Kraftarm 24 der Vorrichtung 22 zur Krafteinleitung greift an dem Anschlußmodul 19 an. Im übrigen gelten die Ausführungen zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel entsprechend.The connection module 19 comprises a guide carriage 42 which is attached to one Carrier module 20 forming a linear guide is arranged so that it can be moved linearly and thus can perform a smooth movement relative to the calender stand 16. The power arm 24 of the device 22 for applying force engages the connection module 19 on. Otherwise, the explanations for the first embodiment apply accordingly.

    Das in Fig. 5 dargestellte dritte Ausführungsbeispiel eines Kalanders unterscheidet sich von dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch, daß das Kraftarmende 24 des Kraftarms 23 direkt an dem Walzenachsenende 29, das hier vorzugsweise nicht rotiert, angreift. Im übrigen gelten die Ausführungen zum ersten und zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel entsprechend.The third exemplary embodiment of a calender shown in FIG. 5 differs differs from the second embodiment shown in Fig. 4 in that the Power arm end 24 of the power arm 23 directly on the roller axis end 29, which here preferably not rotated, attacks. Otherwise, the comments on the first apply and second embodiment accordingly.

    Fig. 6 zeigt die bei einem schräg angeordneten Walzenstapel am Kalanderständer 17 auftretenden Kräfte. Die Walzeneigengewichtskräfte G rufen Grundlastkräfte Q und Kalanderständerbelastungskräfte F hervor, wobei die Kalanderständerbelastungskräfte F hier durch die Anschlußmodule 19 abgeleitet werden. Die im Stand der Technik auftretenden Knickkräfte treten deshalb erst gar nicht auf. 6 shows those in the case of an obliquely arranged roll stack on the calender stand 17 forces occurring. The roll own weight forces G call base load forces Q and Calender stand loading forces F, the calender stand loading forces F are derived here by the connection modules 19. The in Therefore, prior art buckling forces do not occur at all.

    Fig. 7 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Kalanders, bei dem das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 5 kombiniert ist mit einer Schubvorrichtung 44, die an dem Walzenachsenende 29 einer Zwischenwalze 4 angreift und beim Lösen des Lagergehäuses 30 von dem Kalanderständer 16 die Zwischenwalze 4 in eine Ausbauposition bringt. Diese Schubvorrichtung 44 wird beispielsweise gebildet von einem am Walzenachsenende 29 angreifenden und am Anschlußkörper 43 geführten Träger 45, der in Richtung weg vom Kalanderständer 16 bewegbar ist, wozu eine Lagerung in einer Gleitbuchse 46 vorgesehen sein kann. Der Träger 45 ist dazu lösbar an dem Anschlußkörper 43 befestigt.Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of a calender, in which the 5 is combined with a pushing device 44 which attacks on the roller axis end 29 of an intermediate roller 4 and when releasing the Bearing housing 30 from the calender stand 16, the intermediate roller 4 in a Expansion position brings. This pushing device 44 is formed, for example, by one acting on the roller axis end 29 and guided on the connecting body 43 Carrier 45, which is movable in the direction away from the calender stand 16, including a Storage in a sliding bush 46 can be provided. The carrier 45 is for this releasably attached to the connector body 43.

    Claims (19)

    1. Calender for the treatment of a product web (1), in particular a paper web, having at least one roll stack (2) which can be loaded from the end and comprises a plurality of rolls (3-6) arranged in a roll stack plane, of which in each case two adjacent rolls form a nip (7-9) and the rolls are guided on both sides such that they can be moved with roll axle ends (29) on a calender stand (16, 17), for which purpose rectilinearly guided holders (18, 19) accommodating and bearing the roll axle ends (29) can be fixed to the calender stand (16, 17), characterized in that at least the holders of the intermediate rolls (4, 5, 12) are formed as connecting modules (19) having a connecting element (21, 43) in each case, which is guided such that it can be moved on a carrier module (20) fixed to the calender stand (16, 17), and an apparatus (22) for introducing force in the form of a force generator mounted on the calender stand (16, 17) is provided, which is formed by a two-sided force arm (23) which can be pivoted about a mounting (31) and whose at least one force arm end (24) acts on a roll axle end (29) in each case, while a displacement apparatus acts on the other force arm end (25), and the force arm (23) transmits an adjustable displacement force onto the respective roll axle end (29), which can be converted into a linear movement by means of positive guidance of the intermediate rolls (4, 5, 12) on the calender stand (16, 17).
    2. Calender according to Claim 1, characterized in that the force arm end (24) acts on the connecting element (21, 43).
    3. Calender according to Claim 1, characterized in that the force arm end (24) acts directly on a roll axle end (29).
    4. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the displacement apparatus (26) is formed by a displacement cylinder which, pivotably attached to the calender stand (16, 17), is supported with respect to the latter.
    5. Calender according to Claim 4, characterized in that the displacement cylinder is of double-acting design.
    6. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the force generator comprises a pair of two-sided force arms (23), which are mounted such that they can rotate on opposite sides of the calender stand (16, 17) and, on both sides of a roll (4, 5, 12), act respectively on the two roll axle ends (29) with one force arm end (24).
    7. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the apparatus (22) for introducing force in each case acts on the roll axle ends (29) via the connecting modules (19) accommodating and bearing the roll axle ends (29).
    8. Calender according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the carrier modules (20) in each case have a prismatic guide on which the connecting module (19) can be moved linearly.
    9. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that connecting modules (19) have a guide carriage (42) which is guided such that it can move on the carrier module (20), bears a bearing housing (30) to hold a roll axle end (29) and on which the apparatus (22) for introducing force acts on the roll axle ends (29).
    10. Calender according to Claim 9, characterized in that the guide carriage (42) acts on the carrier module (20) via a rolling-contact bearing.
    11. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the force arm end (24) has a guide track (27) in which a guide cam (28) extending from the connecting module (19) is guided.
    12. Calender according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the connecting element (21, 43) forms a releasable holder for the bearing housing (30) of a roll axle end (29).
    13. Calender according to Claim 12, characterized in that a thrust apparatus (44) for carrying a roll (4, 5, 12) which can be released from the connecting module (19) acts on the holder.
    14. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the apparatuses (22) for introducing force can be set independently of each other at opposite roll axle ends (29) of a roll (4).
    15. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the individual apparatuses (22) for introducing force belonging to a roll stack (2) with different intermediate rolls (4, 5, 12) can be set individually in order to set selectable compressive stress characteristic curves in a roll stack (2).
    16. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the rolls of a roll stack (2, 10) can be designed as soft (4, 6, 11, 13) and hard (3, 5, 12) rolls.
    17. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the rolls of a roll stack (2, 10) are in each case equipped with their own powerful drive.
    18. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the outer rolls of a roll stack (2, 10) are formed as deflection controlled rolls.
    19. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the roll stack plane is aligned vertically, horizontally or at an angle with respect to an erection plane (H) of the calender.
    EP01113894A 2000-06-09 2001-06-08 Calender Expired - Lifetime EP1162308B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10028179 2000-06-09
    DE10028179A DE10028179A1 (en) 2000-06-09 2000-06-09 calender

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1162308A1 EP1162308A1 (en) 2001-12-12
    EP1162308B1 true EP1162308B1 (en) 2004-04-14

    Family

    ID=7644987

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP01113894A Expired - Lifetime EP1162308B1 (en) 2000-06-09 2001-06-08 Calender

    Country Status (3)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP1162308B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE264426T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE10028179A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE10129102B4 (en) 2001-06-16 2005-12-15 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh calender
    CN112376203A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-02-19 吴江市盛泽兴隆轧光厂 Textile fabric double-sided calendering device and using method thereof
    CN112743735B (en) * 2020-12-28 2022-06-03 大连橡胶塑料机械有限公司 Calender preload device
    CN117732882B (en) * 2024-02-07 2024-04-19 丽岛新能源(安徽)有限公司 Roller structure of aluminum foil calender

    Family Cites Families (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    NL135506C (en) * 1900-01-01
    AT232840B (en) * 1960-12-09 1964-04-10 Millspaugh Ltd Calendering machine for paper or the like. Web-shaped material
    DE3713560A1 (en) * 1987-04-23 1988-11-03 Escher Wyss Gmbh CALENDAR WITH SLIDING BEARING PARTS
    US5738007A (en) * 1996-03-12 1998-04-14 Beloit Technologies, Inc. High nip load calender

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE50101955D1 (en) 2004-05-19
    EP1162308A1 (en) 2001-12-12
    ATE264426T1 (en) 2004-04-15
    DE10028179A1 (en) 2001-12-20

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