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EP1143091B1 - Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge - Google Patents

Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1143091B1
EP1143091B1 EP20010400694 EP01400694A EP1143091B1 EP 1143091 B1 EP1143091 B1 EP 1143091B1 EP 20010400694 EP20010400694 EP 20010400694 EP 01400694 A EP01400694 A EP 01400694A EP 1143091 B1 EP1143091 B1 EP 1143091B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
identifier
antennae
fact
hands
predefined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20010400694
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1143091A1 (de
Inventor
Guy Lelandais
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies Inc
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Delphi Technologies Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies Inc filed Critical Delphi Technologies Inc
Publication of EP1143091A1 publication Critical patent/EP1143091A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1143091B1 publication Critical patent/EP1143091B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an access device "hands “to control and control access to a passenger compartment closed by less a door equipped with a lock with lock, said device comprising identification means for installation in the cabin and able to establish a dialogue question / answer, by a bidirectional wireless communication link, with an identifier intended to be worn by a person authorized to enter the cockpit, to automatically control the unlocking of said lock in case of detection of a valid identifier by said means identification, said communication link comprising, on the means of identification, at least two transmitting antennas disposed in locations distant from each other on the periphery of said cockpit, and having on the side identifying at least two antennas receivers oriented along different axes to capture the fields transmitted by said transmitting antennas and to produce signals in response to said fields, and a means for processing signals connected to said receiving antennas.
  • “Hands-free” access devices of the kind mentioned above are now well known, see for example DE 198 36 957 C. They are used in particular in the automotive industry to control the locking and the unlocking the doors of a motor vehicle and possibly also, to control a device for immobilizing the vehicle automobile.
  • "hands-free" access devices are not limited to such a field of application because they can be used as well to control the unlocking of a door of a building or a building, to which access must be limited to one or more person (s) authorized to enter the said building or premises.
  • Known "hands-free" access devices use usually a radiofrequency communication link, for example example at 125 kHz to communicate the vehicle to the identifier carried by the driver or a passenger of the vehicle, the response of the identifier to the vehicle being returned by the same link radio frequency or an ultra high communication link frequency (UHF), for example in one of the frequency bands Such as the bands 315 MHz, 433 MHz, 868 MHz, 915 MHz and 2.4 GHz.
  • UHF ultra high communication link frequency
  • the communication link or links have a useful range of a few meters at least, so that the doors of the vehicle can only be unlocked if the authorized person carrying the identifier is located near the vehicle in a zone corresponding to said useful range, and the doors of the vehicle are locked automatically when the authorized person leaves this zoned.
  • the various transmitting antennas connected to the device on-board identification are generally used to allow a location of the authorized person the identifier, especially to determine if it is inside outside the vehicle and, in the case where it is outside the vehicle, vehicle to determine whether it is on the left or the side right or at the rear of the vehicle near the luggage compartment or tailgate of said vehicle.
  • the identifier carried by the authorized person contains the most often three receiving antennas oriented respectively according to three axes of a system of orthogonal axes of reference. Such a provision is usually made to avoid "holes in receipt "which, if the identifier had only one antenna receiver, could occur in the event that said identifier presents certain orientations in relation to the antenna (s) transmitter (s) transmitting the signal generated by the identification device embedded in the vehicle, even if the identifier is in the zone corresponding to the effective range of said transmitting antennas. With a identifier comprising three receiving antennas oriented as indicated above, it is virtually certain that at least one of the three receiving antennas will receive a signal from the transmitting antenna (s).
  • the present invention therefore aims to provide another solution to the problem of hacking a "hands-free" access device whatever the type of its communication link, radiofrequency or UHF, but preferably radiofrequency.
  • the access device "hands free" is characterized in that said means for processing signals comprises a discriminating means capable of distinguishing whether the fields received by said receiving antennas are from said transmitting antennas or a single pirate transmitter antenna, for allow a response from the identifier to the means of identification in the first case and prohibit said answer in the second case.
  • the basic principle of the present invention is to use the three-dimensional capacity of the antenna network of certain identifiers with several receiving antennas, in order to define with accuracy the orientation and possibly the amplitude of a field given, for example at 125 kHz, according to its origin in the vehicle.
  • a vehicle 1 equipped with a "hands free” access device comprising essentially an identification device 2, installed aboard the vehicle, and an identifier 3 intended to be worn by the driver of the vehicle or another person authorized to drive the vehicle or to enter.
  • the identification device 2 is electrically connected to several transmitting antennas which are spaced from each other on the bodywork of the motor vehicle.
  • it can be provided two front lateral emitting antennas F and F ', arranged respectively on the left and right sides of vehicle 1, two rear-side transmitting antennas R and R 'arranged respectively on the left and right side of the vehicle, and a transmitting antenna rear T, disposed substantially in the middle of the hood 4 of the trunk luggage.
  • the antennas F and F ' are installed for example on the doors before 5 and 6 of the vehicle 1, for example at the handles of exterior door.
  • the antennas R and R ' are installed for example on the rear doors 7 and 8 of the vehicle, for example at the level of exterior door handles.
  • All the antennas F, F ', R, R' and T can be constituted for example by coils, the coils F, F ', R and R' having their axes oriented for example horizontally or substantially horizontally and the coil T having for example its axis oriented vertically or substantially vertically.
  • the antennas or coils F, F ', R, R' and T When the antennas or coils F, F ', R, R' and T are excited at a predefined frequency, for example at 125 kHz, by excitation means included in the identification device 2, they produce magnetic fields whose field lines are designated by the symbols LCF, LCF ', LCR, LCR' and LCT in Figure 1.
  • antennas F, F ', R, R' and T are of course possible.
  • the identifier 3 which can be for example included in a keychain or constituted by a badge having the format of a card of credit, carry at least two receiving antennas, preferably three receiving antennas not shown in Figure 1, but designated respectively by X, Y and Z in Figures 2 to 4.
  • the three antennas X, Y and Z for example coils, are preferably oriented respectively along the three axes of a system of orthogonal axes of reference linked to the identifier 3.
  • the latter also includes, so known per se, a means for processing the electrical signals produced by antennas X, Y and Z in response to the magnetic fields received by these from one or more of the transmitting antennas F, F ', R, R' and T installed on the vehicle 1.
  • This means of treatment signal is arranged to control the transmission, by one or more antennas X, Y and Z or by a specific antenna, information, such as a user code, to the device identification number 2 in the motor vehicle 1.
  • the signal processing means further includes, as as we shall see below, a discriminating means capable of distinguishing a short time window if the magnetic fields received by the three receiving antennas X, Y and Z of the identifier 3 have orientations as they come from the transmitting antennas of the vehicle 1 or if the magnetic field comes from a single antenna.
  • the single antenna is considered as a source hacker and the signal processing means inhibits the transmission of information from the identifier 3 to the identification device 2.
  • the means discriminator included in the signal processing means of the identifier 3 is arranged to determine that of the three antennas receptors X, Y and Z which, at a given moment, produces the strongest signal.
  • the discriminator means may be constituted for example by the specific integrated circuit (properly programmed microprocessor) usually included in identifier 3. Such an integrated circuit has most often such a function of discrimination but in the known handsfree access devices this function is usually used to keep and treat only the strongest of the three signals received by the receiving antennas.
  • the excitation means included in the device 2 are arranged to excite at least two of the antennas transmitters installed on the vehicle 1, preferably three antennas transmitters according to a predefined sequence in a time window predefined.
  • the excitation means can excite any first the three antennas F, R and T according to said predefined sequence in a first time window, then the three transmitting antennas F ', R' and T according to said predefined sequence or another sequence predefined in a next time window, and finally the three transmitting antennas R, R 'and T according to said predefined sequence or yet another predefined sequence in a third window time.
  • the identifier 3 is in the zone Z 1 , as shown in FIG. 1, and that the three antennas F, R and T which cover this zone Z 1 are excited sequentially in the order FRT.
  • the identifier has in the zone Z 1 an orientation such that its three receiving antennas X, Y and Z occupy the positions shown in FIG. 2 with respect to the field lines LCF, LCR and LCT respectively produced by the F, R and T transmitting antennas, the receiving antenna which produces the strongest signal when the transmitting antenna F is excited is the antenna X, the receiving antenna which produces the strongest signal when the transmitting antenna R is excited is the antenna Z and the receiving antenna which produces the strongest signal when the transmitting antenna T is excited is the antenna X.
  • the discriminator means included in the signal processing means of the identifier 3 determines that the strongest signals are received by the receiving antennas X, Z and X in this order, and it records the XZX sequence in a memory of the medium e signal processing.
  • the receiving antenna which produces the stronger signal when the transmitting antenna F is excited is the antenna X
  • the receiving antenna that produces the strongest signal when the antenna emitter R is excited is the Y antenna
  • the receiving antenna which produces the strongest signal when the transmitting antenna T is excited is the antenna Z.
  • the discriminating means included in the means of signal processing the identifier determines that the most strong signals are received according to the sequence X-Y-Z and it records this sequence in said memory.
  • the receiving antenna that produces the strongest signal when the antenna transmitter F is excited is the antenna Y
  • the receiving antenna that produces the strongest signal when the transmitting antenna R is excited is the antenna X
  • the receiving antenna that produces the strongest signal when the antenna transmitter T is excited is the antenna Z.
  • the sequence Y-X-Z is determined by the discriminator means included in the means of signal processing of the identifier and this sequence is recorded in the above-mentioned memory.
  • the discriminator means included in identifier 3 may then, in service, compare the sequence of the strongest signals received by the receiving antennas X, Y and Z in response to sequential excitation transmitting antennas F, R and T, to the sequences recorded in in the memory, and if the sequence of the strongest signals receipts corresponds to one of the recorded sequences, he will deduce that the magnetic fields received from the transmitting antennas vehicle, and it will then allow the identifier to send a reply to the motor vehicle 1.
  • the discriminating means could be content with determine that it receives in sequence, in a time window predefined, stronger signals received by multiple antennas receiving.
  • identifier 3 is in the field generated by a single emitting source, like this would be the case with a relay box pirate, the receiving antenna which produces the strongest signal will remain permanently the same, that is to say either the X antenna, the Y antenna or the Z antenna during the short time window corresponding to an expected transmission sequence 1. Consequently, in this situation, the means discriminator will determine that the signal received is a pirate signal and he prevent the identifier from responding to the received pirate signal, and the system relay can not relay any response to the device identification on board the vehicle, so that the doors of it will remain locked.
  • the antennas transmitters F, F ', R, R' and T emit at the same frequency, by example at 125 kHz.
  • antennas receptors should be tuned in frequency, although this is not not imperative for the transmission of information (taking into account manufacturing tolerances, the resonance frequencies of the antennas are generally within ⁇ 10% of the nominal frequency).
  • the identification device 2 can be advantageously provided with means to scan the frequencies emitted by the transmitting antennas around a predefined center frequency, for example around 125 kHz, so that the transmitted frequency goes through the frequency resonance of each of the X, Y and Z receiving antennas. also possible to deliberately detune antennas receivers and / or transmitters to improve the efficiency of the discrimination.
  • the transmission can be carried out simultaneously by several antennas at different levels in order to check the orientation of the magnetic field at a given location.
  • the frequencies transmitted can be advantageously different or scanned in order to get rotating field vectors, optionally in a coded arrangement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung zur Kontrolle und Steuerung des Zugangs zu einer Kabine (1), die durch wenigstens eine mit einer Verschlussvorrichtung mit Riegel versehenen Türe (5-8) verschlossen ist, wobei die Vorrichtung ein Identifikationsmittel (2) umfasst, das zur Installation in der Kabine vorgesehen ist und durch eine drahtlose bidirektionale Kommunikationsverbindung einen Frage/Antwort-Dialog mit einem Identifizierer (3) aufbauen kann, der von einer zum Eindringen in die Kabine berechtigten Person getragen werden soll, um im Fall der Detektion eines berechtigten Identifizierers durch das Identifikationsmittel die automatische Entriegelung der Verschlussvorrichtung zu steuern, wobei die Kommunikationsverbindung auf Seiten des Identifikationsmittels (2) wenigstens zwei Sendeantennen (F, F', R, R', T) aufweist, die an voneinander beabstandeten Orten am Umfang der Kabine (1) angeordnet sind, und auf Seiten des Identifizierers (3), wenigstens zwei Empfangsantennen (X, Y, Z) aufweist, die entlang unterschiedlicher Achsen orientiert sind, um die durch die Sendeantennen emittierten Felder aufzufangen und um als Antwort auf die Felder elektrische Signale zu erzeugen, sowie ein Signalverarbeitungsmittel, das mit den Empfangsantennen verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Signalverarbeitungsmittel einen Diskriminator umfasst, der unterscheiden kann, ob die von den Empfangsantennen (X, Y, Z) empfangenen Felder von den Sendeantennen (F, F', R, R', T) oder von einer einzigen Piraten-Sendeantenne stammen, um im ersten Fall eine Antwort des Identifizierers (3) in Richtung des Identifizierungsmittels (2) freizugeben, bzw. um diese Antwort im zweiten Fall zu verbieten.
  2. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 für ein Kraftfahrzeug (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Identifikationsvorrichtung (2) eine hintere Sendeantenne (T), die im wesentlichen in der Mitte der Kofferraumklappe (4) oder der Heckklappe des Fahrzeugs (1) angeordnet ist, und zwei seitliche Sendeantennen (F und R oder F' und R') jeweils auf der rechten oder linken Seite des Fahrzeugs umfasst.
  3. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die seitlichen Sendeantennen (F, F', R und R') an den Vordertüren (5, 6) und Hintertüren (7, 8) des Fahrzeugs (1) montiert sind.
  4. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Identifizierer (3) drei Empfangsantennen (X, Y, Z) aufweist, die entlang der drei Achsen eines mit dem Identifizierer verbundenen Bezugssystems aus drei orthogonalen Achsen orientiert sind.
  5. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kommunikationsverbindung auf Seiten der Identifikationsvorrichtung (2) Mittel zum Anregen der Sendeantennen (F, F', R, R', T) gemäß einer bestimmten Anordnung umfasst, wobei der Diskriminator unterscheiden kann, ob die jeweils von den Empfangsantennen (X, Y, Z) des Identifizierers (3) empfangenen Felder gemäß wenigstens einer in dem Identifizierer gespeicherten Anordnung variieren und der bestimmten Anordnung entsprechen.
  6. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Diskriminator diejenige der drei Empfangsantennen (X, Y, Z) bestimmen kann, die in einem bestimmten Moment das stärkste Signal produziert.
  7. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die drei Sendeantennen (F oder F', R oder R' und T) der Identifikationsvorrichtung (2) so orientiert sind, dass die Empfangsantenne (X, Y oder Z), die das stärkste Signal produziert, unabhängig von der Orientierung des Identifizierers (3) in wenigstens einem bestimmten Bereich (Z1, Z2 oder Z3) in der Nähe des Fahrzeugs (1) von der in diesem bestimmten Moment emittierenden Sendeantenne verschieden ist.
  8. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sendeantennen (F oder F', R oder R' und T) in einer bestimmten Sequenz angeregt werden, wobei der Diskriminator unterscheiden kann, ob die Empfangsantennen (X, Y, Z) ihr stärkstes Signal in einer Sequenz gemäß wenigstens einer in dem Identifizierer gespeicherten Sequenz erzeugen, die der bestimmten Sequenz entspricht.
  9. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sendeantennen (F oder F', R oder R' und T) gleichzeitig auf bestimmten unterschiedlichen Niveaus angeregt werden, um die Orientierung des resultierenden, durch die Sendeantennen erzeugten Feldes an wenigstens einem bestimmten Ort in der Nähe des Fahrzeugs (1) zu kontrollieren, indem die Anregungsmittel so angeordnet sind, um die bestimmten Anregungsniveaus der Sendeantennen gemäß einer bestimmten Sequenz zu verändern, damit sequenziell die kontrollierte Orientierung des resultierenden Feldes in der Weise verändert wird, dass die Empfangsantenne (X, Y oder Z), die das stärkste Signal produziert, abhängig von dem betrachteten Zeitpunkt in der bestimmten Sequenz der Variation der Anregungsniveaus der Sendeantennen unterschiedlich ist, und indem der Diskriminator unterscheiden kann, ob die Empfangsantennen ihr stärkstes Signal in einer Folge gemäß wenigstens einer in dem Identifizierer gespeicherten Folge produzierten, die der bestimmten Sequenz entspricht.
  10. Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Identifikationsvorrichtung (2) ein Mittel zur Frequenzmodulation umfasst, das die durch die Sendeantennen (F, F', R, R', T) emittierte Frequenz um eine bestimmte Frequenz so variiert, dass die emittierte Frequenz die Resonanzfrequenz jeder Empfangsantenne (X, Y, Z) durchläuft.
  11. Handfreies Zugangssystem gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Empfangsantennen (X, Y, Z) und/oder die Sendeantennen (F, F', R, R', T) verstimmt sind.
EP20010400694 2000-04-06 2001-03-15 Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge Expired - Lifetime EP1143091B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0004380 2000-04-06
FR0004380A FR2807588B1 (fr) 2000-04-06 2000-04-06 Dispositif d'acces "mains libres", notamment pour vehicule automobile

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP1143091A1 EP1143091A1 (de) 2001-10-10
EP1143091B1 true EP1143091B1 (de) 2004-06-16

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EP20010400694 Expired - Lifetime EP1143091B1 (de) 2000-04-06 2001-03-15 Handfreie Zugangsvorrichtung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge

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EP (1) EP1143091B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60103796T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2807588B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008031762A1 (de) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 Volkswagen Ag Antennenanordnung und Fahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Empfang von Funksignalen
EP3918357A1 (de) * 2019-01-31 2021-12-08 FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Teilnehmer eines kommunikationssystems mit einer magnetischen antenne

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2845163B1 (fr) * 2002-09-30 2004-11-05 Valeo Electronique Procede et dispositif de commande a distance de condamnation/decondamnation d'ouvrants d'un vehicule automobile
JP2005076369A (ja) * 2003-09-02 2005-03-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd 車両用遠隔ドアロック制御装置
DE10355891A1 (de) * 2003-11-29 2005-06-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Antennensystems eines Zugangsberechtigungssystems für Kraftfahrzeuge
FR2877903B1 (fr) * 2004-11-18 2006-12-15 Siemens Vdo Automotive Sas Procede et dispositif de protection d'un vehicule automobile
FR2904493B1 (fr) * 2006-07-31 2009-09-18 Valeo Securite Habitacle Sas Module de communication pour vehicule automobile
DE102008012606B4 (de) * 2008-03-05 2019-07-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Passives drahtloses Zugangssystem mit einem Ortungssystem und Verfahren zum Herstellen und Betreiben des Systems
FR3089698B1 (fr) * 2018-12-05 2025-11-07 Valeo Comfort & Driving Assistance Réseau d’antennes pour véhicule automobile

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DE19718423A1 (de) * 1997-04-30 1998-11-05 Siemens Ag Tragbarer Signalempfänger
DE19718764C1 (de) * 1997-05-06 1998-08-27 Siemens Ag Diebstahlschutzsystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE19811572C1 (de) * 1998-03-17 1999-08-19 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Diebstahlschutzsystems in einem Kraftfahrzeug sowie Diebstahlschutzsystem
DE19836957C1 (de) * 1998-08-14 1999-09-30 Siemens Ag Diebstahlschutzeinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Diebstahlschutzeinrichtung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008031762A1 (de) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 Volkswagen Ag Antennenanordnung und Fahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Empfang von Funksignalen
DE102008031762B4 (de) * 2008-07-04 2021-01-28 Volkswagen Ag Antennenanordnung und Fahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Empfang von Funksignalen
EP3918357A1 (de) * 2019-01-31 2021-12-08 FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Teilnehmer eines kommunikationssystems mit einer magnetischen antenne

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Publication number Publication date
EP1143091A1 (de) 2001-10-10
DE60103796D1 (de) 2004-07-22
FR2807588A1 (fr) 2001-10-12
DE60103796T2 (de) 2005-07-14
FR2807588B1 (fr) 2002-06-28

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