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EP1029159A1 - Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas-exchanging valve - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas-exchanging valve

Info

Publication number
EP1029159A1
EP1029159A1 EP98951332A EP98951332A EP1029159A1 EP 1029159 A1 EP1029159 A1 EP 1029159A1 EP 98951332 A EP98951332 A EP 98951332A EP 98951332 A EP98951332 A EP 98951332A EP 1029159 A1 EP1029159 A1 EP 1029159A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnet
valve
actuator
armature
permanent magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98951332A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans Gander
Frank Kirschbaum
Günter STÖHR
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1029159A1 publication Critical patent/EP1029159A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2105Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids comprising two or more coils

Definitions

  • Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve
  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Electrodes are used to actuate the gas exchange valves. They usually have two switching magnets, namely an opening magnet and a closing magnet, between the pole faces of which an armature can move coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the gas exchange valve.
  • the armature acts directly or via an anchor bolt on a valve stem of the gas exchange valve.
  • a preloaded spring mechanism acts on the armature.
  • two preloaded compression springs serve as the spring mechanism, namely an upper and a lower valve spring. The upper valve spring loads the gas exchange valve in the opening direction and the lower valve spring in the closing direction.
  • the armature In the case of currentless magnets, the armature is held in an equilibrium position between the magnets by the valve springs, which should generally correspond to the central position between the pole faces of the magnets for energy reasons. If the actuator is activated at start-up, either the closing magnet or the opening magnet is briefly overexcited to pull the armature out of equilibrium, or an oscillation routine is run in which the magnets are actuated alternately to set the gas exchange valve and the armature in vibration until the anchor can be caught by a magnet. In the closed position of the gas exchange valve, the armature lies against the pole face of the excited closing magnet and is held by it. The closing magnet further biases the valve spring acting in the opening direction. To open the gas exchange valve, the closing magnet is switched off and the opening magnet is switched on.
  • the valve spring acting in the opening direction accelerates the armature beyond the equilibrium position, so that it is attracted by the opening magnet.
  • the armature is decelerated by the valve spring acting in the closing direction and strikes the pole face of the opening magnet, where it is held by it.
  • the opening magnet is switched off and the closing magnet is switched on.
  • the closing process runs in the same way as the opening process.
  • an electromagnetically operated gas exchange valve for internal combustion engines is known.
  • An armature of at least two springs is held between an opening magnet and a closing magnet according to the principle of a spring mass oscillator.
  • the armature which is connected to the valve stem of the gas exchange valve, is attracted by the closing magnet when the gas exchange valve is closed, in that an opening spring is pretensioned. If the control valve opens, the closing magnet is de-energized and the opening spring brings the gas exchange valve into the open position with the assistance of the excited opening magnet.
  • controlled operation of the actuator is desirable.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the controllability of an actuator according to the preamble of claim 1. It is solved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Further refinements result from the subclaims.
  • the known actuator principle is expanded by a moving coil drive, which serves as an actuator and speed sensor during the flight phase.
  • a valve coil of a gas exchange valve is connected to a plunger arranged coaxially to it, which is always in a radially magnetized air gap of a ring-shaped, axially magnetized permanent magnet during the movement of the valve stem, i.e. a part of the plunger coil is always in the air gap.
  • the effective number of coil turns in a homogeneous winding structure in the air gap always remains the same, ie how far the moving coil is immersed in the air gap is irrelevant.
  • the feid plentifule portion of the plunger coil in the air gap is independent of the position of front ⁇ Ve tiischaftes. As a result, the system behavior remains constant and does not change with the anchor stroke.
  • valve stem or its bearing surfaces are made of a material with a high permeability, it is advantageous that the moving coil lies radially inside the permanent magnet. If, on the other hand, the permeability of the material is low, it is advantageous if the moving coil is located radially outside the permanent magnet. This variant has the advantage of being able to develop a higher force due to the larger conductor length in the magnetic field.
  • the plunger coil is expediently located on the side of the actuator facing the valve plate, that is to say on the opening magnet side, but it can also be arranged on the opposite end side of the actuator if the valve stem is guided through the armature and the actuator. There is also the possibility of arranging diving roller drives on both sides of the actuator.
  • the voltage induced in the moving coil during movement in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is expediently supplied as a measurement signal to an electronic control device with a microprocessor, in which the signals are processed with further parameters and parameters to corresponding control and regulating variables.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through an actuator according to the invention with a moving coil and a small radius
  • Fig. 2 shows a variant of Fig. 2 rr.it with a moving coil lying on a large radius.
  • An actuator 1 has an upper closing magnet 2 and a lower opening magnet 3, which act on an armature 6 when excited. This is connected to a valve stem 8 of a gas exchange valve 7 and is held by an upper valve spring 4 and a lower Ver.t lfe ⁇ er 5 m in an equilibrium position, as long as the magnets 2 and 3 are de-energized. If the actuator is activated when it is started, either the closing magnet 2 or the opening magnet 3 is briefly overexcited to pull the armature 6 out of the equilibrium position or a swelling routine takes place, in which the magnets 2 and 3 are activated alternately to set the gas exchange valve 7 and the armature 6 in vibration until the armature 6 can be caught by a magnet 2 or 3.
  • the armature 6 bears against the energized closing magnet 2.
  • the closing magnet 2 further biases the upper valve spring 4 acting in the opening direction. If the closing magnet 2 is switched off and the opening magnet 3 is switched on, the armature swings to the opening magnet 3 and a valve plate 9 of the gas exchange valve 7 lifts off from a valve seat, not shown, so that the gas exchange valve 7 opens.
  • a moving coil drive which comprises an annular, axially magnetized permanent magnet 10 and a moving coil 12, is arranged on the side of the actuator 1 facing the valve plate 9.
  • the permanent magnet 10 is integrated in the actuator 1, while the moving coil 12 is attached to a collar 15 of the valve stem 8.
  • the moving coil 12 is immersed in an axially extending air gap 11 radially magnetized by the permanent magnet 10. Energy can be supplied or withdrawn from the system via the plunger coil 12, as a result of which the movement of the gas exchange valve 7 is accelerated or decelerated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns an electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas-exchanging valve, comprising both an opening magnet and a closing magnet, between which an armature, connected to a valve stem, is arranged so as to be axially mobile. When the two magnets are not supplied with current, the armature is maintained in an equilibrium position between the two magnets by means of a prestressed upper and lower valve spring. In order to improve the adjusting of the actuator, a coil arranged coaxially relative thereto is connected to the gas-exchanging valve stem. Said coil penetrates into a radially magnetised air gap of a ring-shaped permanent magnet with axial magnetisation.

Description

Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektromagnetischen Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine variable Steuerung von Gaswechselventilen kann den Wirkungsgrad und das Emissionsverhalten von Schadstoffen bei Brennkraftmaschinen wesentlich verbessern. Hierzu dienen elektromagnetische Aktuatoren zur Betätigung der Gaswechselventile. Sie besitzen in der Regel zwei Schaltmagnete, nämlich einen Öffnungsmagneten und einen Schließmagneten, zwischen deren Polflächen sich ein Anker koaxial zu der Längsachse des Gaswechselventils bewegen kann. Der Anker wirkt direkt oder über eine Ankerbolzen auf einen Ventilschaft des Gaswechselventils. Bei Aktuatoren nach dem Prinzip des Mas- senschwingers wirkt ein vorgespannter Federmechanismus auf den Anker. Als Federmechanismus dienen meistens zwei vorgespannte Druckfedern, und zwar eine obere und eine untere Ventilfeder. Die obere Ventilfeder belastet das Gaswechselventil in Öffnungsrichtung und die untere Ventilfeder in Schließrichtung. Bei stromlosen Magneten wird der Anker durch die Ventilfedern in einer Gleichgewichtslage zwischen den Magneten gehalten, die in der Regel aus energetischen Gründen der Mittellage zwischen den Polflächen der Magnete entsprechen sollte. Wird der Aktuator beim Start aktiviert, wird entweder der Schließmagnet oder der Öffnungsmagnet kurzzeitig übererregt, um den Anker aus der Gleichgewichtslage anzuziehen, oder es läuft eine Anschwingungsroutine ab, bei der die Magnete wechselweise angesteuert werden, um das Gaswechselventil und den Anker in Schwingungen zu versetzen, bis der Anker von einem Magneten eingefangen werden kann. In geschlossener Stellung des Gaswechselventils liegt der Anker an der Polfläche des erregten Schließmagneten an und wird von diesem gehalten. Der Schließmagnet spannt die in Öffnungsrichtung wirkende Ventilfeder weiter vor. Um das Gaswechselventil zu öffnen, wird der Schließmagnet ausgeschaltet und der Öffnungsmagnet eingeschaltet. Die in Öffnungsrichtung wirkende Ventilfeder beschleunigt den Anker über die Gleichgewichtslage hinaus, so daß dieser von dem Öffnungsmagneten angezogen wird. Der Anker wird von der in Schließrichtung wirkenden Ventilfeder verzögert und schlägt an die Polfläche des Öffnungsmagneten an, wo er von dieser festgehalten wird. Um das Gaswechselventil wieder zu schließen, wird der Öffnungsmagnet ausgeschaltet und der Schließmagnet eingeschaltet. Der Schließvorgang läuft in entsprechender Weise wie der Öffnungsvorgang ab.Variable control of gas exchange valves can significantly improve the efficiency and emission behavior of pollutants in internal combustion engines. For this purpose, electromagnetic actuators are used to actuate the gas exchange valves. They usually have two switching magnets, namely an opening magnet and a closing magnet, between the pole faces of which an armature can move coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the gas exchange valve. The armature acts directly or via an anchor bolt on a valve stem of the gas exchange valve. In the case of actuators based on the principle of the mass oscillator, a preloaded spring mechanism acts on the armature. Usually two preloaded compression springs serve as the spring mechanism, namely an upper and a lower valve spring. The upper valve spring loads the gas exchange valve in the opening direction and the lower valve spring in the closing direction. In the case of currentless magnets, the armature is held in an equilibrium position between the magnets by the valve springs, which should generally correspond to the central position between the pole faces of the magnets for energy reasons. If the actuator is activated at start-up, either the closing magnet or the opening magnet is briefly overexcited to pull the armature out of equilibrium, or an oscillation routine is run in which the magnets are actuated alternately to set the gas exchange valve and the armature in vibration until the anchor can be caught by a magnet. In the closed position of the gas exchange valve, the armature lies against the pole face of the excited closing magnet and is held by it. The closing magnet further biases the valve spring acting in the opening direction. To open the gas exchange valve, the closing magnet is switched off and the opening magnet is switched on. The valve spring acting in the opening direction accelerates the armature beyond the equilibrium position, so that it is attracted by the opening magnet. The armature is decelerated by the valve spring acting in the closing direction and strikes the pole face of the opening magnet, where it is held by it. To close the gas exchange valve again, the opening magnet is switched off and the closing magnet is switched on. The closing process runs in the same way as the opening process.

Aus der DE 3024109 C2 ist ein elektromagnetisch betätigtes Gaswechselventil für Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt. Zwischen einem Öffnungsmagneten und einem Schließmagneten ist ein Anker von mindestens zwei Federn nach dem Prinzip eines Feder- masseschwingers gehalten. Der Anker, der mit dem Ventilschaft des Gaswechselventils verbunden ist, wird beim Schließen des Gaswechselventils vom Schließmagneten angezogen, indem eine Öffnungsfeder vorgespannt wird. Öffnet das Steuerventil, wird der Schließmagnet stromlos geschaltet und die Öffnungsfeder bringt das Gaswechselventil unter Mitwirkung des erregten Öffnungsmagneten in die Öffnungslage. Um den Energiebedarf und den Verschleiß zu minimieren sowie einen beliebigen gewünschten Öffnungsverlauf des Gaswechselventils zu erreichen, ist ein geregelter Betrieb des Aktua- tors anzustreben. Eine Regelung ist bei den bekannten Aktuatoren schwierig, weil während der Flugphase auf den Anker über einen großen, sich ständig ändernden Luftspalt hinweg Kräfte ausgeübt werden müssen. Dies führt zu hohen Ansteuer- strömen der Magnete und starken Nichtlinearitäten. Gleichzeitig kann eine Position und Geschwindigkeit des Ankers nur mit hohem Aufwand bestimmt werden.From DE 3024109 C2 an electromagnetically operated gas exchange valve for internal combustion engines is known. An armature of at least two springs is held between an opening magnet and a closing magnet according to the principle of a spring mass oscillator. The armature, which is connected to the valve stem of the gas exchange valve, is attracted by the closing magnet when the gas exchange valve is closed, in that an opening spring is pretensioned. If the control valve opens, the closing magnet is de-energized and the opening spring brings the gas exchange valve into the open position with the assistance of the excited opening magnet. In order to minimize energy consumption and wear and to achieve any desired opening course for the gas exchange valve, controlled operation of the actuator is desirable. Regulation is difficult with the known actuators, because forces have to be exerted on the armature over a large, constantly changing air gap during the flight phase. This leads to high drive currents of the magnets and strong non-linearities. At the same time, the position and speed of the armature can only be determined with great effort.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Regelbarkeit eines Aktuators nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 zu verbessern. Sie wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The invention has for its object to improve the controllability of an actuator according to the preamble of claim 1. It is solved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Further refinements result from the subclaims.

Nach der Erfindung wird das bekannte Aktuatorprinzip durch einen Tauchspulenantrieb erweitert, der während der Flugphase als Stellglied und Geschwindigkeitssensor dient. Hierzu ist mit dem Ventilschaft eines Gaswechselventils eine koaxial zu diesem angeordnete Tauchspule verbunden, die sich während der Bewegung des Ventiischafts stets in einem radial magnetisierten Luftspalt eines ringförmigen, axial magnetisierten Permanentmagneten befindet, d.h. ein Teilbereich der Tauchspule befindet sich zu jeder Zeit im Luftspalt. Die bei homogenem Wicklungsaufbau im Luftspalt wirksame Anzahl von Spulenwindungen bleibt immer gleich, d.h. wie weit die Tauchspule in den Luftspalt eintaucht ist unerheblich. Der feidwirksame Abschnitt der Tauchspule in dem Luftspalt ist unabhängig vor¬ der Stellung des Ve tiischaftes . Dadurch bleibt das System- verhalten konstant und ändert sich nicht mit dem Ankerhub.According to the invention, the known actuator principle is expanded by a moving coil drive, which serves as an actuator and speed sensor during the flight phase. For this purpose, a valve coil of a gas exchange valve is connected to a plunger arranged coaxially to it, which is always in a radially magnetized air gap of a ring-shaped, axially magnetized permanent magnet during the movement of the valve stem, i.e. a part of the plunger coil is always in the air gap. The effective number of coil turns in a homogeneous winding structure in the air gap always remains the same, ie how far the moving coil is immersed in the air gap is irrelevant. The feidwirksame portion of the plunger coil in the air gap is independent of the position of front ¬ Ve tiischaftes. As a result, the system behavior remains constant and does not change with the anchor stroke.

Um mit dem Öffnungsmagneten bzw. Schließmagneten während des Fluges die Geschwindigkeit des Ankers beeinflussen zu können, muß ein breiter, sich ständig ändernder Luftspalt magneti- siert werden. Dies führt zu einem hohen Strombedarf bei extrem nicht linearen Verhältnissen. Mit dem ergänzenden Tauchspulenantrieb nach der Erfindung kann während der Flugphase bei einem minimalen konstanten Luftspalt und einer linearen Abhängigkeit der Kraft vom Strom auf den Anker Kraft ausgeübt und so dessen Flug geregelt werden. Dabei wird je nach Strom- und Bewegungsrichtung dem System Energie zugeführt, wobei der Anker beschleunigt wird, oder Energie entzogen, wodurch der Anker gebremst wird. Gleichzeitig kann die in der Tauchspule induzierte Spannung gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung benutzt werden, um die Geschwindigkeit des Gaswechselventils zu erfassen und gegebenenfalls daraus die Position zu ermitteln. Die erfindungsgemäße Tauchspulenanordnung dient also sowohl als lineares Stellglied als auch der Geschwindigkeitsmessung und erleichtert so einen geregelten Betrieb des Ak- tuators.In order to be able to influence the speed of the armature with the opening magnet or closing magnet during flight, a wide, constantly changing air gap must be magnetized. This leads to a high power requirement in extremely non-linear conditions. With the additional moving coil drive according to the invention, force can be exerted on the armature during the flight phase with a minimal constant air gap and a linear dependence of the force on the armature, and thus its flight can be regulated. Depending on the direction of current and movement, energy is supplied to the system, accelerating the armature, or withdrawing energy, which brakes the armature. At the same time, the voltage induced in the moving coil can be used according to an embodiment of the invention to detect the speed of the gas exchange valve and, if necessary, to determine the position therefrom. The plunger coil arrangement according to the invention thus serves both as a linear actuator and for speed measurement and thus facilitates regulated operation of the actuator.

Sind der Ventilschaft oder seine Lagerflachen aus einem Material mit einer hohen Permeabilität gefertigt, ist es vorteilhaft, daß die Tauchspule radial innerhalb des Permanentmagneten liegt. Ist dagegen die Permeabilität des Materials niedrig, ist es günstig, wenn die Tauchspule radial außerhalb des Permanentmagneten liegt. Diese Variante hat den Vorteil, durch die größere, sich im Magnetfeld befindliche Leiterlange eine höhere Kraft entwickeln zu können.If the valve stem or its bearing surfaces are made of a material with a high permeability, it is advantageous that the moving coil lies radially inside the permanent magnet. If, on the other hand, the permeability of the material is low, it is advantageous if the moving coil is located radially outside the permanent magnet. This variant has the advantage of being able to develop a higher force due to the larger conductor length in the magnetic field.

Der Tauchspulenantπeb liegt zweckmäßigerweise auf der dem Ventilteller zugewandten Seite des Aktuators, also auf der Seite des Öffnungsmagneten, er kann edoch auch auf der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite des Aktuators angeordnet werden, wenn der Ventilschaft durch den Anker und den Aktuator geführt wird. Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit, auf beiden Seiten des Aktuators Tauchsoulenantriebe anzuordnen. Die in der Tauchspule bei der Bewegung im Magnetfeld des Permanentmagneten induzierte Spannung wird zweckmäßigerweise als Meßsignal einer elektronischen Regeleinrichtung mit einem Mikroprozessor zugeführt, in der die Signale mit weiteren Parametern und Kenngrößen zu entsprechenden Steuer- und Regelgrößen verarbeitet werden.The plunger coil is expediently located on the side of the actuator facing the valve plate, that is to say on the opening magnet side, but it can also be arranged on the opposite end side of the actuator if the valve stem is guided through the armature and the actuator. There is also the possibility of arranging diving roller drives on both sides of the actuator. The voltage induced in the moving coil during movement in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is expediently supplied as a measurement signal to an electronic control device with a microprocessor, in which the signals are processed with further parameters and parameters to corresponding control and regulating variables.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeichnungsbeschreibung. In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Beschreibung und die Ansprüche enthalten zahlreiche Merkmale m Kombination. Der Fachmann wird die Merkmale zweckmaßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen.Further advantages result from the following description of the drawing. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. The description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into useful further combinations.

Es zeigen:Show it:

Fig. 1 einen schematischen Querscnnitt durcn einen erfin- dungsgem ßen Aktuator mit einer auf Kleinem Radius liegenden Tauchspule und1 shows a schematic cross section through an actuator according to the invention with a moving coil and a small radius

Fig. 2 eine Variante nach Fig. 2 rr.it einer auf einem großen Radius liegenden Tauchspule.Fig. 2 shows a variant of Fig. 2 rr.it with a moving coil lying on a large radius.

Ein Aktuator 1 besitzt einen oberen Schließmagneten 2 und einen unteren Öf nungsmagneten 3, die in erregtem Zustand auf einen Anker 6 wirken. Dieser ist m t einem Ventilschaft 8 eines Gaswechselventils 7 verbunden und wird von einer oberen Ventilfeder 4 und einer unteren Ver.t lfeαer 5 m einer Gleichgewichtslage gehalten, solange die Magnete 2 und 3 stromlos sind. Wird der Aktuator i oei Start aktiviert, wird entweder der Sc iießmagnet 2 oder αer Offnungsmagnet 3 kurzzeitig übererregt, um den Anker 6 aus der Gleichsgewichtslage anzuziehen oder es läuft eine Anschwmgungsroutme ab, bei der die Magnete 2 und 3 wechselweise angesteuert werden, um das Gaswechselventil 7 und den Anker 6 in Schwingungen zu versetzen bis der Anker 6 von einem Magneten 2 oder 3 eingefangen werden kann. In geschlossener Stellung des Gaswechselventils 7 liegt der Anker 6 an dem erregten Schließmagneten 2 an. Der Schließmagnet 2 spannt die in Öffnungsrichtung wirkende obere Ventilfeder 4 weiter vor. Wird der Schließmagnet 2 ausgeschaltet und der Öffnungsmagnet 3 eingeschaltet, schwingt der Anker zum Öffnungsmagneten 3 und ein Ventilteller 9 des Gaswechselventils 7 hebt von einem nicht dargestellten Ventilsitz ab, so daß das Gaswechselventil 7 öffnet.An actuator 1 has an upper closing magnet 2 and a lower opening magnet 3, which act on an armature 6 when excited. This is connected to a valve stem 8 of a gas exchange valve 7 and is held by an upper valve spring 4 and a lower Ver.t lfeαer 5 m in an equilibrium position, as long as the magnets 2 and 3 are de-energized. If the actuator is activated when it is started, either the closing magnet 2 or the opening magnet 3 is briefly overexcited to pull the armature 6 out of the equilibrium position or a swelling routine takes place, in which the magnets 2 and 3 are activated alternately to set the gas exchange valve 7 and the armature 6 in vibration until the armature 6 can be caught by a magnet 2 or 3. In the closed position of the gas exchange valve 7, the armature 6 bears against the energized closing magnet 2. The closing magnet 2 further biases the upper valve spring 4 acting in the opening direction. If the closing magnet 2 is switched off and the opening magnet 3 is switched on, the armature swings to the opening magnet 3 and a valve plate 9 of the gas exchange valve 7 lifts off from a valve seat, not shown, so that the gas exchange valve 7 opens.

Ein Tauchspulenantrieb, der einen ringförmigen, axial magnetisierten Permanentmagneten 10 und eine Tauchspule 12 umfaßt, ist auf der dem Ventilteller 9 zugewandten Seite des Aktuators 1 angeordnet. Dabei ist der Permanentmagnet 10 im Aktuator 1 integriert, während die Tauchspule 12 an einem Bund 15 des Ventilschafts 8 befestigt ist. Die Tauchspule 12 taucht in einen sich axial erstreckenden, durch den Permanentmagneten 10 radial magnetisierten Luftspalt 11 ein. Über die Tauchspule 12 kann dem System Energie zugeführt oder entzogen werden, wodurch die Bewegung des Gaswechselventils 7 beschleunigt bzw. verzögert wird.A moving coil drive, which comprises an annular, axially magnetized permanent magnet 10 and a moving coil 12, is arranged on the side of the actuator 1 facing the valve plate 9. The permanent magnet 10 is integrated in the actuator 1, while the moving coil 12 is attached to a collar 15 of the valve stem 8. The moving coil 12 is immersed in an axially extending air gap 11 radially magnetized by the permanent magnet 10. Energy can be supplied or withdrawn from the system via the plunger coil 12, as a result of which the movement of the gas exchange valve 7 is accelerated or decelerated.

Bei der Bewegung der Tauchspule 12 im Magnetfeld des Permanentmagneten 10 wird in der Tauchspule 12 eine Spannung induziert, die zwischen zwei aus der Tauchspule 12 herausgeführten Steuerleitungen 13 anliegt. Das Signal der Spannung wird über die Steuεriεitungen 13 einer elektronischen Regelεinheit 14 mit einem Mikroprozessor zugeführt. Diese Signale werden in der Regeleinheit 14 mit anderen Parametern zu entsprechenden Steuer- und Regelgrößen verarbeitet und als Stellgrößen dem Aktuator 1 und/oder der Tauchspule 12 zugeführt. Erst bei einer Belastung durch passive oder aktive elektrische Bauteile in der Regelεinheit 14 fließt ein Strom in der Tauchspule 12. When the moving coil 12 moves in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 10, a voltage is induced in the moving coil 12, which voltage is present between two control lines 13 led out of the moving coil 12. The signal of the voltage is fed via the control lines 13 to an electronic control unit 14 with a microprocessor. These signals are processed in the control unit 14 with other parameters to corresponding control and regulating variables and supplied to the actuator 1 and / or the moving coil 12 as manipulated variables. Only when there is a load from passive or active electrical components in the control unit 14 does a current flow in the moving coil 12.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils, der sowohl einen Öffnungsmagneten als auch einen Schließmagneten besitzt, zwischen denen ein mit einem Ventilschaft verbundener Anker koaxial verschiebbar angeordnet ist und durch eine obere und eine untere vorgespannte Ventilfeder bei stromlosem Zustand der Magnete in einer Gleichgewichtslage zwischen den Magneten gehalten wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß mit dem Ventilschaft (8) eine koaxial zu diesem angeordnete Tauchspule (12) verbunden ist, die in einen radial magnetisierten Luftspalt (11) eines ringförmigen, axial magnetisierten Permanentmagneten (10) eintaucht.1.Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve, which has both an opening magnet and a closing magnet, between which an armature connected to a valve stem is arranged coaxially displaceably and by an upper and a lower pretensioned valve spring when the magnets are de-energized in an equilibrium position between the Magnet is held, characterized in that ß with the valve stem (8) a coaxially arranged to this plunger (12) is connected, which is immersed in a radially magnetized air gap (11) of an annular, axially magnetized permanent magnet (10). 2. Aktuator nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß die Tauchspule (12) radial innerhalb des Permanentmagneten (10) liegt.2. Actuator according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß the plunger (12) is located radially within the permanent magnet (10). 3. Aktuator nach Anspruch 1 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß die Tauchspule (12) radial außerhalb des Permanentmagneten (10) liegt.3. Actuator according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß the plunger (12) is located radially outside of the permanent magnet (10). 4. Aktuator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß die in der Tauchspule (12) induzierte Spannung zur Erfassung der Position und/oder Geschwindigkeit des Ventilschafts (8) dient. 4. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ß the voltage induced in the moving coil (12) serves to detect the position and / or speed of the valve stem (8). 5. Aktuator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß die in der Tauchspule (12) induzierte Spannung als Signal für eine elektronische Regeleinrichtung dient.5. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, that the voltage induced in the moving coil (12) serves as a signal for an electronic control device. 6. Aktuator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß der Permanentmagnet (10) im Aktuator (1) integriert ist und sich zum Ventilteller (9) hin an den Öffnungsmagneten (3) anschließt.6. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n e e c h n e t, d a ß the permanent magnet (10) in the actuator (1) is integrated and connects to the valve plate (9) towards the opening magnet (3). .o 0 o. .o 0 o.
EP98951332A 1997-10-10 1998-08-29 Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas-exchanging valve Withdrawn EP1029159A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19744714 1997-10-10
DE19744714A DE19744714C1 (en) 1997-10-10 1997-10-10 Electromagnetic actuator
PCT/EP1998/005510 WO1999019609A1 (en) 1997-10-10 1998-08-29 Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas-exchanging valve

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EP1029159A1 true EP1029159A1 (en) 2000-08-23

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EP (1) EP1029159A1 (en)
DE (1) DE19744714C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999019609A1 (en)

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DE19744714C1 (en) 1999-03-11
WO1999019609A1 (en) 1999-04-22

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