EP1025921B1 - Apparatus for straightening metallic articles - Google Patents

Abstract

At least one uncoupling device (38, 42) is provided in the negative momentum region, which can uncouple the roller drive shaft from the transfer case (30) in the event of negative momentum arising. Rolled metal is straightened out using a machine with a number of rollers arranged in a zig-zag path, and at least one transfer case driven by one or more motors and driving shafts for rotating the rollers, generating areas of positive and negative momentum.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for Straightening of metallic material, with a plurality of zigzag arranged straightening rollers according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Devices for straightening metallic goods using rollers or rolls, also known as "roll straighteners" have been known for decades.

Depending on the application, such devices have a more or less large number of straightening rollers, which in usually arranged in a zigzag pattern and located in the upper and let lower straightening rollers split. To drive the individual straightening rollers are usually transfer cases provided that are driven by at least one motor and the driving force mechanically coupled to the corresponding ones Forward straightening rollers.

In straightening devices for heavy rolling stock, e.g. B. from Sheet piling, grooved or railroad tracks are becoming few Straightening rollers, for example two upper and three lower ones Straightening rollers used, whereas with thinner metallic Well, like thinner sheets, a significantly higher number of Straightening rolls, for example 17, 21 or more straightening rolls are provided.

Basic considerations of the straightening process as such and the physical relationships of such straightening machines are, for example, from an article by Wilhelm Guericke, Magdeburg, "Theoretical and experimental investigations of the forces and torques when straightening rolling stock on roller straightening machines", magazine "Neue Hütte", 12th year, Issue 1, January 1967, pages 25 to 31. Theoretical considerations brought the following results: The relative speed of the edge fiber layer of the straightening material at the point of contact with the straightening roller changes depending on the absolute size of the bending curvature or the edge extension ε _i from roll to roll. If the material to be straightened moves over the individual rollers without slipping and leaves it at a speed v _{n of} the straightening machine, the product has to be straightened D 2nd ω i = V n (1- ε i ) half the roller diameter D / 2 and the angular velocity ω _i on the roller i is equal to the outlet speed v _{n of} the leveling material times the factor (1- ε i ) his. However, this factor changes e.g. B. with an inclined setting of the adjustable row of roles from role to role. It follows from this that the angular velocity on each roller must also be set accordingly in the case of static friction. However, if the rollers are forced to rotate by the drive (mechanical coupling), the angular speeds of the individual rollers cannot be coordinated with one another. When all the rollers are driven by a transfer case, for example, there is finally a slip between the material to be straightened and any roller i as S i = S n (1- ε i ) + ε i , in which ε i the edge extension of the compressed fiber at the point of contact with the roll and Sn the slip at the last or nth straightening roll is what is shown by the formula S n = 1 - v n : D 2nd ω expresses. The value S _n becomes negative with v _n > D / 2 ω.

The following conditions result from this. The rolls or rollers on which the straightening material is bent the most can pull more straightening material into the straightening machine than the other rollers can continue to transport with the same diameter and the same speed. The leveling material is then pushed over these rollers with negative slip and emerges from the leveling machine at a speed which is greater than the peripheral speed D / 2ω of the rollers. These roles can then be towed at the expense of the most heavily loaded roles and show negative torques.

Change depending on the setting of the rollers and the type of material to be straightened the slip ratios and thus the size and Occurrence of negative moments.

The consequence of these negative torques is an inner tension between rollers and leveling material on the one hand and transfer case on the other hand, which leads to an additional burden on the Machine. This also applies if, for example, only the lower rollers from a common transfer case are driven.

It has already been suggested that with the negative moments not to drive the straightened rollers or rolls however, which has significant disadvantages. So at Deduction operation of the straightening device only a few straightening rollers help, which creates a significant risk of slipping. When feeding the straightening device can by constant acceleration and deceleration of the straightening rollers the material material imprints arise, reducing the material quality suffers significantly. In addition, the Transport of the remaining strip of the metallic goods at risk, because the material end gets stuck in the straightening device can and the production process is interrupted.

For more precise torque transmission to the individual straightening rollers Devices have already been proposed in which each straightening roller is driven by its own motor becomes. However, this does not only mean an extremely complex one and expensive construction and can only be found at Realizing straightening devices with relatively large straightening rollers, because for space reasons the arrangement with small straightening rollers of individual motors is unfavorable or impossible.

The present invention is therefore based on the object a device for straightening metallic goods, with a plurality of straightening rollers arranged in a zigzag shape and to create at least one transfer case, which has a simple structure, and in which the harmful Effects of negative moments largely avoided become.

This object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1 solved.

The fact that at least one directional clutch is provided in the range of negative moments that the The generation of negative moments is reduced or completely prevented is achieved that the disadvantageously occurring negative Slip can be avoided substantially or entirely can.

This creates the special advantage that the total torque requirement the drive of the straightening rollers significantly reduced can be, since the compensation of negative moments occurring and thereby the positive drive torque clearly can be reduced. The hatching performance can thus can be reduced.

By using at least one directional switch Clutch, d. H. of a freewheel becomes one too proposed simple and easy-to-use constructive solution, which is also a robust construction of the straightening device enables. It can also be an extremely space-saving Construction can be achieved.

Advantageously, both can alternatively also on some A directional switch on all drive trains with negative moments Coupling should be provided so that the occurrence the negative moments have a reduced negative impact on the drive.

The negative effects can be completely avoided if there is a directional switch on all drive trains Coupling is provided.

Particularly suitable for construction with many straightening rollers an embodiment such that the Output strands with negative moments at least partially are divided into groups and the drivetrains each Group are mechanically coupled to a distributor wheel and at least one distributor wheel with a directional switch Coupling is provided.

Figur 1

eine schematische Ansicht eines Verteilergetriebes (Blick auf Antriebsseite) für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Richten von metallischem Gut,

Figur 2

eine Schnittansicht gemäß der Linie A-A von Figur 1.

Further details, preferred features and advantages of the present invention result from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Figure 1

1 shows a schematic view of a transfer case (view of the drive side) for a device according to the invention for straightening metallic material,

Figure 2

2 shows a sectional view along the line AA from FIG. 1.

In Figure 1, a transfer case 30 is shown schematically. The transfer case 30 serves to drive FIG. 17 Straightening rolls, a straightening roll device (not shown), as is known to the average person skilled in the art. The 17 straightening rollers are driven by appropriate drive shafts with pinions 1 to 17 connected.

The transfer case 30 has in a housing 32 in the example three distributor wheels 20, 21 and 22 on the are rotatably mounted on axes 23, 24 and 25. All three Axes 23, 24, 25 are with corresponding teeth for mutual Engagement trained.

A motor (not shown) drives the drive pinion on the drive side 18, which in turn is a meshing drive pinion 19 drives. This interferes with the Distributor wheel 20, the one hand the distributor wheel 21 in meshing engagement drives and on its axis of rotation 23 also the output pinion 2 with the associated drive shaft for the drive the associated straightening roller sits.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the output pinion 2 meshes with it the output pinion 1, the output pinion 3 and the output pinion 5 of the corresponding straightening rollers and the driven pinion 5 also meshes with the output pinion 4 of the assigned Straightening roller. Form the output pinion 1 to 5 a first group of output pinions, which over the distributor wheel 20 are driven.

The output pinion 9 of the associated straightening roller is in turn with the distributor wheel 21 rotatably on its axis 24 is arranged and is in engagement with the output pinions 6, 8 and 10 of the associated straightening rollers and the driven pinion 6 is in engagement with the output pinion 7 and the drive pinion 10 is in engagement with the driven pinion 11. The output pinions 6 to 11 form a second Group together with the distributor wheel 21.

The output pinion 14 is in connection with the distributor wheel 22 and is arranged on its axis of rotation 25. The Output pinion 14 is in meshing engagement with the output pinions 13, 15 and 17, the output pinion 13 in Engagement with the output gear 12 and the output gear 17 is in engagement with the output pinion 16. Form with it the output pinions 12 to 17 together with the distributor wheel 22 a third output group.

The feed direction of the metallic good to be straightened (not shown) takes place according to arrow 36, i. that is, the first straightening roller is the one through the driven pinion 1 is driven, which is the numbering of the corresponding Connect additional straightening rollers in a zigzag shape. It follows that the output pinion 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 of either the upper or the lower Belong to the group of straightening rollers or the output pinion 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 of either the bottom or the belong to the upper group of straightening rollers.

Because of the applicant on a conventional transfer case Measurements taken occur negative moments in the area from the output pinion 6 upwards, i.e. from the group the output pinion, which is driven via the distributor wheel 21 become. According to the invention is located between the distributor wheel 21 and output pinion 9 a directional clutch 38, e.g. a freewheel that serves one to influence occurring slip in such a way that the negative moments from the assigned straightening rollers transferred to this group, be greatly reduced.

Advantageously, further directional switches Couplings 40 and 42 are provided on the distributor wheels 20 and 22, respectively be so that the influence of negative moments that originate from the associated straightening rollers, also reduced becomes.

In Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view along the line A-A of Figure 1, the transfer case 30 shown. The Output pinion 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13, 14, 17 are on corresponding Pinion shafts 51, 52, 55, 56, 59, 60, 63, 64, 67 rotatably supported, the pinion shafts in turn by means of corresponding bearing 70 are rotatably mounted.

The output pinions 3, 4, not shown in FIG. 7, 8, 11, 12, 15, 16 have corresponding pinion shafts.

On the pinion shafts 52, 59 and 64 are still non-rotatable the intermeshing distributor wheels 20, 21 and 22 are arranged. Between the pinion shafts 59 and 64, as in Figure 2 shown, directional clutches 38 and 42 provided a transmission of negative moments prevent on the distributor wheels 21 and 22.

With the help of the design of the transfer case according to figures 1 and 2 is therefore effective and extremely simple Build a transfer of negative moments from each Straightening rollers on the gearbox greatly reduced.

By using freewheels, those affected can Straightening rollers carried in the direction of travel over the material become. If required, they can also be positive Transfer moments, e.g. B. if the straightening rollers in a row heavy loads begin to slip (fume cupboard operation).

It can too between the pinion shafts and the straightening rollers Means are provided that transmit negative Avoid moments on the pinion shafts. About that in addition, these facilities can be regulated externally, so that a comprehensive and externally controllable mode of operation of the transfer case is made possible.

The present invention thus becomes particularly advantageous minimized drive torques, since the compensation that occurs with conventional straightening roller drives the negative torques through increased, positive Torques are greatly reduced or even avoided. This leads to a significantly reduced drive power required, which is not only a correspondingly lower Dimensioning of the drive units but also too a correspondingly cheaper mode of operation Straightener leads. Or vice versa with the present Invention with the same drive power more guide power be achieved.

Claims (4)

1. An apparatus for roller straightening metallic articles, comprising a plurality of straightening rollers positioned in zigzag, to which the metallic articles adhere substantially linearly during straightening, at least one power take-off gear (30) driven by at least one motor and comprising mechanically coupled output units driving at least part of the straightening rollers, with areas of positive momentums and of negative momentums occurring,
   characterised in
   that at least one directional coupling (38; 42) is provided in the area of the negative momentums which reduces or completely prevents the occurrence of negative momentums.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that a directional coupling is provided at some or at all output units with negative momentums.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that a directional coupling is provided at some or at all output units.
4. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the output units with negative momentums are at least partially divided into groups and the output units of each group are mechanically coupled to a distributor wheel (20, 21, 22), and that at least one distributor wheel is provided with a directional coupling (38, 42).

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