EP1009931B1 - Brennstoffeinspritzventil - Google Patents
Brennstoffeinspritzventil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1009931B1 EP1009931B1 EP99910101A EP99910101A EP1009931B1 EP 1009931 B1 EP1009931 B1 EP 1009931B1 EP 99910101 A EP99910101 A EP 99910101A EP 99910101 A EP99910101 A EP 99910101A EP 1009931 B1 EP1009931 B1 EP 1009931B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- perforated
- disc
- perforated disc
- fuel injection
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
Definitions
- the invention is based on a fuel injector according to the genus of the main claim.
- From DE-OS 196 39 506 is already a Fuel injector known to the one Valve seat body with a valve seat surface and one on the Has valve seat body attached perforated disc carrier.
- the perforated disc carrier is used to create a multilayer, by means of Multilayer electroplated perforated disc firmly and securely to hold on the valve seat body by clamping.
- the perforated disc carrier is flat and disc-shaped trained, has an overall pot-shaped structure and a constant thickness over its entire extent. With the help of a circular weld seam, the Perforated disk carrier attached to the valve seat body. At the Welding the perforated disc carrier takes however Clamping force of the perforated disc carrier with which the perforated disc is pressed against the valve seat body.
- Perforated disc carriers, support discs, support rings or Retaining nuts for perforated disks of injection valves or - nozzles are e.g. also from GB-PS 201,556, DE-OS 41 23 692, DE-OS 44 46 241 or DE-OS 195 27 626 known.
- the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that a particularly high quality of the attachment point of the Perforated disc carrier is reached on the valve seat body, which in turn has a very good holding effect of the perforated disc carrier is achieved on the perforated disc, the hardly by the attachment of the perforated disc carrier or is not affected at all.
- the perforated disc carrier is in one Through opening surrounding edge area, the immediate serves to hold (clamp) the perforated disc with the Reducing the spring stiffness of the perforated disc carrier Formations in the form of logs. Taking tolerances into account is used when determining the limiting diameter for the specially shaped edge area ensures that the attachment point (weld seam) always outside the Edge area of the perforated disc carrier is attached.
- perforated disks which are produced by means of galvanic metal deposition and are made in one piece, the individual Functional levels or layers in immediate successive deposition process steps be built on top of each other. After completing the The perforated disc is metal in one piece; it are not time and cost intensive Process steps for connecting individual nozzle plates necessary.
- S-type discs S-shaped flow pattern within the disc
- the unusual beam shapes that can be generated allow an accurate optimal adaptation to given geometries, e.g. B. on different intake manifold cross sections of internal combustion engines. This results in the advantages of a form-fitting Utilization of the available cross-section for homogeneous distributed, exhaust-reducing mixture introduction and one Avoidance of exhaust-harmful wall film deposits on the Saugrohrwandung.
- Embodiments of the invention are in the drawing shown in simplified form and in the following Description explained in more detail.
- 1 shows it partially illustrated injection valve with a first Attachment of a perforated disc according to the invention with a Perforated disc carrier
- Figure 2 shows a second example of a such attachment to the valve end
- Figure 3 is a plan view on the edge area designed with an anti-rotation device the perforated disc in Figure 2
- Figure 4 shows a third example of the Fastening a perforated disc with a perforated disc carrier at the valve end
- Figure 5 shows a fourth example of such Attachment at the end of the valve
- Figure 6 shows a detail Figure 5 with a achieved by caulking Perforated disc having anti-rotation
- Figure 7 a further perforated disc carrier in section
- Figure 8 den Perforated disc carrier according to Figure 7 in a plan view.
- a valve is shown in FIG. 1 as an exemplary embodiment the shape of an injector for Fuel injection systems from mixture compressors spark-ignited internal combustion engines partially shown.
- the injection valve has a tubular valve seat support 1, in which a valve axis 2 concentric Longitudinal opening 3 is formed.
- a valve axis 2 concentric Longitudinal opening 3 is formed.
- In the longitudinal opening 3 is a z.
- tubular valve needle 5 arranged on the its downstream end 6 with a z.
- the injection valve is actuated in a known manner Way, for example electromagnetic.
- a known manner Way for example electromagnetic.
- For axial Movement of the valve needle 5 and thus to open against the Spring force of a return spring (not shown) or Closing the injection valve serves a schematic indicated electromagnetic circuit with a magnetic coil 10, an anchor 11 and a core 12.
- the anchor 11 is with the end facing away from the valve closing body 7 Valve needle 5 by z.
- Valve seat body 16 which in the downstream, the Core 12 facing away from the end of the valve seat support 1 in the concentric to the longitudinal axis 2 of the valve Longitudinal opening 3 is tightly mounted by welding.
- the valve seat body 16 At his the lower end face 17 facing away from the valve closing body 7 is the valve seat body 16 with a z. B. pot-shaped trained and serving as a retaining ring perforated disc carrier 21 concentrically and firmly connected, so at least with an outer ring region 22 directly on the Valve seat body 16 abuts.
- the perforated disc carrier 21 has a similar form to that already known pot-shaped spray-perforated disks, with a central area of the perforated disk carrier 21 with a through opening 20 is provided without a metering function.
- a perforated disc 23, e.g. in the form of a one-piece, but multi-layer so-called multilayer electroplated spray perforated disk is formed upstream of the Through opening 20 arranged such that they Through opening 20 completely covered.
- the Perforated disc carrier 21 is with an inner bottom part 24 and an outer holding edge 26 executed.
- the holding edge 26 extends in the axial direction of the valve seat body 16 turned away and is conical to the end bent.
- the bottom part 24 is from the outer ring area 22 and the central through opening 20 are formed.
- valve seat body 16 and Perforated disc carrier 21 are carried out, for example, by a circumferential and dense, formed by means of a laser first weld 25.
- This type of assembly is the Risk of undesired deformation of the Perforated disc carrier 21 in its central area with the Through opening 20 and arranged there upstream Perforated disk 23 avoided.
- the perforated disc carrier 21 is in the Area of the holding edge 26 further with the wall of the Longitudinal opening 3 in the valve seat support 1, for example a circumferential and tight second weld 30 connected.
- the in the area of the passage opening 20 within the circular weld 25 between the perforated disc carrier 21 and the valve seat body 16 clampable perforated disk 23 is, for example, staged.
- An upper one smaller diameter than a base region 32 Perforated disk area 33 projects into a downstream one Valve seat surface 29 following cylindrical outlet opening 31 of the valve seat body 16 in dimensionally accurate.
- Perforated disk area 33 / outlet opening 31 can also an interference fit may be provided.
- the one about the Perforated disk area 33 protruding radially and thus pinchable base area 32 of the perforated disk 23 lies against the lower end face 17 of the valve seat body 16, so that on the bottom part 24 of the perforated disk carrier 21 lies at a short distance from the end face 17.
- the perforated disc carrier 21 is in the edge region 35 thinned its central through opening 20 what should mean that the perforated disc carrier 21 in the edge area 35 of the through opening 20 at least partially has a smaller thickness than over its further extent (Ring area 22, holding edge 26).
- the perforated disc carrier 21 in its area within the weld 25 for Through opening 20 thinned to the extent that the Edge area 35 only about half as thick as the rest of the Perforated disc carrier 21 is.
- the End face 17 of the valve seat body 16 facing away End face 36 of the perforated disk carrier 21 has a step 38 provided to form the thinner edge region 35.
- the thinned or weaker edge region 35 is used immediately the clamping of the perforated disc 23.
- the contour of the Edge area 35 is e.g. achieved by embossing.
- the edge area 35 the spring stiffness of the perforated disc carrier 21 by the thinning is specifically reduced so that when pressed of the perforated disc carrier 21 to the valve seat body 16 this thinned edge area mainly when welding 35 bends.
- the area of the weld seam 25 Prestressing with known constructions constant thickness reduced.
- the Perforated disc carrier 21 in the area to be set Weld 25 already largely without an air gap at the lower end face 17 of the valve seat body 16, whereby the thermal relaxation in the weld area 25 reduced is. Because of this, the clamping effect remains on the Perforated disc 23 in very good condition even after welding.
- the insertion depth of the valve seat body 16, cup-shaped Perforated disk carrier 21 and perforated disk 23 existing Valve seat part in the longitudinal opening 3 determines the size of the Hubs of the valve needle 5, since the one end position of the Valve needle 5 when the solenoid 10 is not energized by the Contact of the valve closing body 7 on the valve seat surface 29 of the valve seat body 16 is fixed.
- the other The end position of the valve needle 5 is when the solenoid coil is excited 10 for example by the anchor 11 resting against the core 12 set. The path between these two end positions the valve needle 5 thus represents the stroke.
- the spherical Valve closing body 7 interacts with the Direction of flow tapering in the shape of a truncated cone Valve seat surface 29 of the valve seat body 16 together, the in the axial direction between the guide opening 15 and the lower outlet opening 31 of the valve seat body 16 is trained.
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a a perforated disk carrier 21 clamped perforated disk 23
- Perforated disk 23 is in turn a flat, circular Component executed that several, for example three, axially successive functional levels or galvanically has deposited layers.
- Form perforated disc area 33 with the same outside diameter is the top and last built functional level of the Perforated disk 23 with a larger outer diameter so that an externally projecting clamping area 34 is formed.
- At least in the upper functional level an inlet port is provided while in the lower Functional level formed at least one outlet opening is that are interconnected so that a complete axial passage for the fuel available is.
- the edge region 35 of the perforated disc carrier 21 for Through opening 20 is again thinned out trained to the benefits already described by the to achieve reduced spring stiffness.
- the one on the valve seat body 16 adjacent perforated disc carrier 21 due to the thinning has formed space in the edge region 35, for example exactly an axial extension that the axial thickness of the upper layer of the perforated disk 23 or its clamping area 34 corresponds.
- the edge region 35 therefore engages under the radially protruding clamping area 34 of the perforated disk 23. Die perforated disk 23 clamped to size also extends with its lower perforated disc area 33 exactly through the Through opening 20 of the perforated disk carrier 21.
- the perforated disk 23 already pre-assembled in the perforated disc carrier 21.
- the Perforated disk 23 can already be pressed in, Caulking, flanging or gluing exactly in the perforated disc carrier 21 can be fixed.
- Figure 3 shows a top view of the one Edge area 35 designed to prevent rotation Perforated disk 23 in Figure 2.
- An opening geometry can optionally be guaranteed simple anti-twist device, e.g. by the attachment of corresponding ones Flattenings 39, 39 'on the clamping area 34 of the perforated disk 23 and is guaranteed on the perforated disc carrier 21.
- FIG. 4 shows a mixed form of the one already explained Exemplary embodiments shown.
- perforated disc 23 largely corresponds to that of Figure 1; the perforated disc carrier 21 largely corresponds that of Figure 2.
- the perforated disc area 33 consisting of the upper functional levels or layers of the perforated disk 23 protrudes through the similar to the second embodiment Through opening 20 of the perforated disc carrier 21.
- FIG. 5 shows an installation variant in which the perforated disc 23 shown in Figure 1 use place.
- To clamp the lower one Base area 32 of the perforated disk 23 through the Perforated disc carrier 21 is this in the version of FIG. 2 executed, that is provided with one in the edge region 35 Thinning (level 38) from the upper face 37.
- Figure 6 shows a section of Figure 5 with a anti-rotation protection achieved by caulking Perforated disk 23.
- a stamp-shaped Tool 40 e.g. caulking at one point Edge region 35 of the perforated disc carrier 21 is made. Material is shifted to a small extent in such a way that a slipping or twisting of the perforated disk 23 is excluded. This can also prevent rotation can be achieved that in the range shown in Figure 6 Caulking, for example, a laser point is set, through which the perforated disc 23 in the outer base region 32 on Perforated disc carrier 21 is fixed.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 Another embodiment of a perforated disc carrier 21 is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the Reduction of spring stiffness according to the invention in Edge region 35 of the perforated disc carrier 21 is not here achieved by thinning, but by introducing a plurality of radially extending slots 42.
- the slots 42 are arranged largely in a star shape and stand in direct connection to the through opening 20.
- All versions of the perforated disc carrier 21 can punching, embossing and forming technology.
- the Thinning of the edge area 35 is e.g. by embossing reached, the central through opening 20 after the Embossing is punched out.
- the Through hole 20 are punched, and while the Stamp is located in the through hole 20, the Embossing stamp for embossing the edge area 35 added become.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
- Funktionsebenen mit über die Scheibenfläche konstanter Dicke,
- durch die tiefenlithographische Strukturierung weitgehend senkrechte Einschnitte in den Funktionsebenen, welche die jeweils durchströmten Hohlräume bilden (fertigungstechnisch bedingte Abweichungen von ca. 3° gegenüber optimal senkrechten Wandungen können auftreten),
- gewünschte Hinterschneidungen und Überdeckungen der Einschnitte durch mehrlagigen Aufbau einzeln strukturierter Metallschichten,
- Einschnitte mit beliebigen, weitgehend achsparallele Wandungen aufweisenden Querschnittsformen,
- einteilige Ausführung der Lochscheibe, da die einzelnen Metallabscheidungen unmittelbar aufeinander erfolgen.
Claims (7)
- Brennstoffeinspritzventil für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen, mit einer Ventillängsachse (2), mit einem Ventilschließkörper (7), der mit einer einem Ventilsitzkörper (16) zugeordneten Ventilsitzfläche (29) zusammenwirkt, mit einer Lochscheibe (23) stromabwärts der Ventilsitzfläche (29), wobei die Lochscheibe (23) einen vollständigen Durchgang für ein Fluid und wenigstens eine Einlaßöffnung in einer oberen Funktionsebene bzw. Schicht und wenigstens eine Auslaßöffnung in einer unteren Funktionsebene bzw. Schicht aufweist, und mit einem scheibenförmigen Lochscheibenträger (21), der fest mit dem Ventilsitzkörper (16) verbunden ist und durch den die Lochscheibe (23) am Ventilsitzkörper (16) gehalten wird, und der Lochscheibenträger (21) eine Durchgangsöffnung (20) aufweist und in einem die Durchgangsöffnung (20) umgebenden Randbereich (35) mit die Federsteifigkeit des Lochscheibenträgers (21) reduzierenden Ausformungen versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausformungen im Randbereich (35) als mehrere von der Durchgangsöffnung (20) ausgehende Schlitze (42) ausgebildet sind.
- Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlitze (42) sternförmig radial verlaufen.
- Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lochscheibe (23) wenigstens zwei axial aufeinander folgende Bereiche (32, 33, 34) unterschiedlichen Außendurchmessers aufweist.
- Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bereich (32, 34) größeren Durchmessers der Lochscheibe (23) zwischen dem Randbereich (35) des Lochscheibenträgers (21) und dem Ventilsitzkörper (16) geklemmt ist.
- Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bereich (33) kleineren Durchmessers der Lochscheibe (23) die Durchgangsöffnung (20) des Lochscheibenträgers (21) vollständig durchragt.
- Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lochscheibe (23) verdrehgesichert in dem Lochscheibenträger (21) angeordnet ist.
- Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lochscheibe (23) mittels Multilayergalvanik durch Aufbau mehrerer galvanisch abgeschiedener Schichten herstellbar ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19822896A DE19822896A1 (de) | 1998-05-22 | 1998-05-22 | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| DE19822896 | 1998-05-22 | ||
| PCT/DE1999/000300 WO1999061787A1 (de) | 1998-05-22 | 1999-02-05 | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1009931A1 EP1009931A1 (de) | 2000-06-21 |
| EP1009931B1 true EP1009931B1 (de) | 2004-01-14 |
Family
ID=7868581
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99910101A Expired - Lifetime EP1009931B1 (de) | 1998-05-22 | 1999-02-05 | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20020060257A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1009931B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2002516956A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20010014189A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19822896A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1999061787A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10142974B4 (de) * | 2001-09-01 | 2010-04-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| DE10240880B4 (de) * | 2002-09-04 | 2016-12-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Aktorverbindung an Kraftstoffinjektoren von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
| DE10314672B4 (de) * | 2003-04-01 | 2016-12-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Lochscheibe |
| JP6744312B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-07 | 2020-08-19 | 株式会社エンプラス | 燃料噴射装置用ノズルプレートの取付構造 |
| DE102016222908A1 (de) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor mit dreiteiligem Ventilsitz |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201556A (en) | 1922-07-25 | 1924-03-06 | Atlas Diesel Ab | Improvements in or relating to fuel atomizers for internal combustion engines |
| DE4123692C2 (de) | 1991-07-17 | 1995-01-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| DE4446241A1 (de) | 1994-12-23 | 1996-06-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| DE19527626A1 (de) | 1995-07-28 | 1997-01-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| DE19639506A1 (de) | 1996-09-26 | 1998-04-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Lochscheibe und Ventil mit einer Lochscheibe |
-
1998
- 1998-05-22 DE DE19822896A patent/DE19822896A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-02-05 US US09/463,365 patent/US20020060257A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-02-05 DE DE59908299T patent/DE59908299D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-05 EP EP99910101A patent/EP1009931B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-05 WO PCT/DE1999/000300 patent/WO1999061787A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-02-05 KR KR19997012264A patent/KR20010014189A/ko not_active Ceased
- 1999-02-05 JP JP2000551149A patent/JP2002516956A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2002516956A (ja) | 2002-06-11 |
| EP1009931A1 (de) | 2000-06-21 |
| DE59908299D1 (de) | 2004-02-19 |
| WO1999061787A1 (de) | 1999-12-02 |
| US20020060257A1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
| DE19822896A1 (de) | 1999-11-25 |
| KR20010014189A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
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