[go: up one dir, main page]

EP1064022A4 - Peptides de liaison de hla et leurs applications - Google Patents

Peptides de liaison de hla et leurs applications

Info

Publication number
EP1064022A4
EP1064022A4 EP98910404A EP98910404A EP1064022A4 EP 1064022 A4 EP1064022 A4 EP 1064022A4 EP 98910404 A EP98910404 A EP 98910404A EP 98910404 A EP98910404 A EP 98910404A EP 1064022 A4 EP1064022 A4 EP 1064022A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hla
binding peptides
peptides
binding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98910404A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1064022A1 (fr
Inventor
Alessandro Sette
Ralph T Kubo
John Sidney
Esteban Celis
Howard M Grey
Scott Southwood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Epimmune Inc
Original Assignee
Epimmune Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Epimmune Inc filed Critical Epimmune Inc
Publication of EP1064022A1 publication Critical patent/EP1064022A1/fr
Publication of EP1064022A4 publication Critical patent/EP1064022A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/195—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
    • C07K14/36—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Actinomyces; from Streptomyces (G)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/10—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by their source of isolation or production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Communicable Diseases (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
EP98910404A 1998-03-13 1998-03-13 Peptides de liaison de hla et leurs applications Withdrawn EP1064022A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1998/005039 WO1999045954A1 (fr) 1998-03-13 1998-03-13 Peptides de liaison de hla et leurs applications

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1064022A1 EP1064022A1 (fr) 2001-01-03
EP1064022A4 true EP1064022A4 (fr) 2004-09-29

Family

ID=22266589

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98910404A Withdrawn EP1064022A4 (fr) 1998-03-13 1998-03-13 Peptides de liaison de hla et leurs applications

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1064022A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002507397A (fr)
AU (1) AU6465598A (fr)
CA (1) CA2323632A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999045954A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (76)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7611713B2 (en) 1993-03-05 2009-11-03 Pharmexa Inc. Inducing cellular immune responses to hepatitis B virus using peptide compositions
US9340577B2 (en) 1992-08-07 2016-05-17 Epimmune Inc. HLA binding motifs and peptides and their uses
US6716809B1 (en) 1997-09-12 2004-04-06 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Mage-A3 peptides presented by HLA class molecules
US6291430B1 (en) 1997-09-12 2001-09-18 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Mage-3 peptides presented by HLA class II molecules
US6183746B1 (en) 1997-10-09 2001-02-06 Zycos Inc. Immunogenic peptides from the HPV E7 protein
WO2000020445A2 (fr) * 1998-10-02 2000-04-13 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Antigenes tumoraux et clones de lymphocyte t cytotoxique (ctl) isoles grace a un nouveau procede
US6407063B1 (en) 1998-10-02 2002-06-18 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Tumor antigens and CTL clones isolated by a novel procedure
US6541214B1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2003-04-01 Oregon Heath Science University N-terminally truncated HER-2/neu protein as a cancer prognostic indicator
GB9826143D0 (en) 1998-11-27 1999-01-20 Ludwig Inst Cancer Res Tumour rejection antigens
AU757726B2 (en) * 1998-12-01 2003-03-06 Green Peptide Co., Ltd. Novel tumor antigen protein art-1 and tumor antigen peptide thereof
IT1309584B1 (it) * 1999-02-26 2002-01-24 San Raffaele Centro Fond Peptidi immunogenici derivati da mage-3 presentati da mhc di classeii e loro uso.
WO2001032193A1 (fr) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-10 Argonex Pharmaceuticals Peptides stimulant les lymphocytes t cytotoxiques, utilisables en prevention, traitement et diagnostic de melanome
DE60043158D1 (de) * 1999-11-18 2009-11-26 Pharmexa Inc Heteroklitische analoga von klasse-i epitopen
US7026443B1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2006-04-11 Epimmune Inc. Inducing cellular immune responses to human Papillomavirus using peptide and nucleic acid compositions
WO2001042267A1 (fr) * 1999-12-10 2001-06-14 Epimmune Inc. Declenchement de reponses immunitaires cellulaires a mage2/3 au moyen de compositions de peptides et d'acides nucleiques
JP2003516131A (ja) * 1999-12-10 2003-05-13 エピミューン， インコーポレイテッド ペプチドおよび核酸組成物を使用する、ｐ５３に対する細胞性免疫応答の誘導
JP2003530083A (ja) * 1999-12-10 2003-10-14 エピミューン インコーポレイテッド ペプチドおよび核酸組成物を使用する、ＨＥＲ２／ｎｅｕに対する細胞性免疫応答の誘導
US20040037843A1 (en) * 1999-12-21 2004-02-26 John Fikes Inducing cellular immune responses to prostate cancer antigens using peptide and nucleic acid compositions
US7462354B2 (en) 1999-12-28 2008-12-09 Pharmexa Inc. Method and system for optimizing minigenes and peptides encoded thereby
FR2806727A1 (fr) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-28 Pf Medicament Molecule d'interet pharmaceutique comprotant en son extremite n-terminale un acide glutamique ou une glutamine sous forme de sel d'addition d'acide fort physiologiquement acceptable
AU2001253029A1 (en) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-15 The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services T-cell epitope of mage-12 and related nucleic acids, vectors, cells, compositions and methods of inducing an immune response to cancer
CN1107681C (zh) * 2000-08-11 2003-05-07 中国科学院微生物研究所 乙肝病毒抗原多肽与热休克蛋白的复合物及其应用
HUP0600780A2 (en) * 2000-08-14 2007-01-29 Corixa Corp Compositions and methods for the therapy and diagnosis of her-2/neu-associated malignancies
EP1313505A4 (fr) * 2000-09-01 2005-10-12 Epimmune Inc Peptides de fixation de hla et leurs utilisations
EP1195381A1 (fr) * 2000-09-28 2002-04-10 Immusystems GmbH Epitopes du virus de l'hépatite C spécifiques à des lymphocytes T de type CD4+
JP4194365B2 (ja) 2000-10-31 2008-12-10 エムジーアイ ファーマ バイオロジックス インコーポレイテッド Ｃｙｐ１ｂ１核酸および使用の方法
WO2002069691A2 (fr) * 2001-03-01 2002-09-12 The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services, Centers For Disease Control And Prevention, Technology Transfer Office Peptides vih immunogenes utilises en tant que reactifs et en tant que vaccins
WO2002069907A2 (fr) * 2001-03-07 2002-09-12 Mannkind Corporation Preparations anti-neovaisseaux destinees au traitement anticancereux
WO2003008537A2 (fr) * 2001-04-06 2003-01-30 Mannkind Corporation Sequences d'epitope
EP1752160A3 (fr) * 2001-04-06 2007-05-30 Mannkind Corporation Sequences d'epitopes
AU2002305138A1 (en) 2001-04-09 2002-10-21 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Methods and materials for cancer treatment
US7049413B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2006-05-23 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research MAGE-A3 peptides presented by HLA class II molecules
US20060222656A1 (en) 2005-04-01 2006-10-05 University Of Maryland, Baltimore MAGE-A3/HPV 16 peptide vaccines for head and neck cancer
US7842480B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2010-11-30 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Chimeric antigen-specific t cell-activating polypeptides
CA2449715A1 (fr) 2001-06-05 2002-12-12 The Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Sec Retary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services, Centers For Disea Peptides destines au diagnostic de chlamydophila pneumoniae et au vaccin contre chlamydophila pneumoniae
US20030113919A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-06-19 Aventis Pasteur, Ltd. Immunogenic targets for melanoma
CA2357906A1 (fr) * 2001-09-28 2003-03-28 Institut Pasteur Identification de nouveaux epitopes de cd8 de proteines ayant des proprietes therapeutiques et immunologiques pour lutter contre les infections a vih
US8637305B2 (en) * 2001-11-07 2014-01-28 Mannkind Corporation Expression vectors encoding epitopes of target-associated antigens and methods for their design
WO2003050140A1 (fr) * 2001-12-10 2003-06-19 Kyogo Itoh Antigenes tumoraux
EP1495322A4 (fr) * 2002-04-05 2006-09-06 Epimmune Inc Analogues heteroclitiques et procedes associes
CA2514419A1 (fr) 2003-01-28 2004-08-12 Proscan Rx Pharma Inc. Diagnostic et traitement du cancer de la prostate
WO2005007694A1 (fr) * 2003-07-16 2005-01-27 Green Peptide Co., Ltd. Peptide her2/neu et utilisation therapeutique de celui-ci
EP2481422A3 (fr) * 2003-09-03 2013-04-03 Dendritherapeutics, Inc. Vaccins multiplexes
US7488793B2 (en) * 2003-09-22 2009-02-10 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Isolated peptide which binds to HLA-Cw*07 and uses thereof
KR20060087574A (ko) * 2003-09-22 2006-08-02 가부시키가이샤 그린 펩티드 Ｃ형 간염 바이러스 유래 펩티드
US9090673B2 (en) 2003-12-12 2015-07-28 City Of Hope Synthetic conjugate of CpG DNA and T-help/CTL peptide
GB0408164D0 (en) 2004-04-13 2004-05-19 Immune Targeting Systems Ltd Antigen delivery vectors and constructs
GB0716992D0 (en) 2007-08-31 2007-10-10 Immune Targeting Systems Its L Influenza antigen delivery vectors and constructs
WO2005103679A2 (fr) 2004-04-21 2005-11-03 Algonomics Nv Methode ed marquage par affinite de complexes de peptides/proteines
EP1757687A4 (fr) * 2004-04-30 2008-01-16 Nec Corp Peptide de liaison hla, precurseur, fragment d'adn de codage identique et vecteur recombinant
JP5176099B2 (ja) * 2004-09-27 2013-04-03 国立大学法人 東京医科歯科大学 ＨＬＡ−Ａ１１拘束性Ｔａｘ抗腫瘍エピトープ
JP5116150B2 (ja) * 2005-09-07 2013-01-09 日本電気株式会社 Ｈｌａ結合性ペプチド、それをコードするｄｎａ断片および組み換えベクター
US8378072B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2013-02-19 Declion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Methods for designing and synthesizing directed sequence polymer compositions via the directed expansion of epitope permeability
WO2008010010A1 (fr) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-24 Vaxon Biotech Identification, optimisation et utilisation d'épitopes cryptiques hla-b7 en immunothérapie
AP3467A (en) 2007-10-16 2015-11-30 Peptimmune Inc Methods for designing and preparing vaccines comprising directed sequence polymer compositions via the directed expansion of epitopes
JP5573679B2 (ja) 2008-01-18 2014-08-20 アエラス グローバル ティービー ワクチン ファウンデーション マラリアワクチン組成物および細胞媒介免疫性を惹起する成分
JP5792630B2 (ja) 2009-01-28 2015-10-14 エピミューン，インコーポレイティド Ｐａｎ−ｄｒ結合ポリペプチドおよびその使用
EP2482834A4 (fr) * 2009-09-30 2013-07-10 Univ Saint Louis Peptides déclenchant des réponses hétéro sous-typiques des lymphocytes t contre la grippe
EP2615104B1 (fr) * 2010-09-08 2017-03-22 Saitama Medical University Vaccin liposomal contre le virus de l'hépatite c
EP2686020B1 (fr) 2011-03-17 2017-02-22 The University of Birmingham Immunothérapie redirigée
CN102286075A (zh) * 2011-08-01 2011-12-21 中国人民解放军第三军医大学 乙肝病毒表面抗原的免疫显性hla-a*1101限制性ctl表位及其应用
US9517252B2 (en) 2011-09-09 2016-12-13 Agency For Science, Technology And Research p53 activating peptides
AU2013210783B2 (en) * 2012-01-20 2017-12-07 Cellvax Therapeutics Inc. Autologous cancer cell vaccine
JP5999703B2 (ja) * 2013-01-09 2016-09-28 国立大学法人 東京医科歯科大学 ＨＬＡ−ＤＲ１拘束性Ｔａｘ特異的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ細胞エピトープ
WO2016131856A1 (fr) * 2015-02-18 2016-08-25 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Immunoconjugués pour l'induction spécifique de cytotoxicité des lymphocytes t contre une cellule cible
CN105037559B (zh) * 2015-08-17 2018-09-25 北京康爱瑞浩生物科技股份有限公司 治疗或预防乙肝的细胞毒性t淋巴细胞及其制备方法
GB201515321D0 (en) 2015-08-28 2015-10-14 Immatics Biotechnologies Gmbh Novel peptides, combination of peptides and scaffolds for use in immunotherapeutic treatment of various cancers
UA125817C2 (uk) 2015-08-28 2022-06-15 Імматікс Біотекнолоджіс Гмбх Пептид, придатний для лікування та/або діагностики раку
KR20190129032A (ko) 2016-12-28 2019-11-19 인벡스, 인크. 인플루엔자 백신
WO2019046818A1 (fr) * 2017-09-01 2019-03-07 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Inc. Peptides immunogènes spécifiques des antigènes bcma et taci pour le traitement du cancer
EP3545967A1 (fr) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-02 Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Stiftung des Öffentlichen Rechts Plate-forme d'immunisation contre le cancer
WO2020086927A1 (fr) 2018-10-26 2020-04-30 Saint Louis University Peptides pour induire des réponses hétérosubtypiques de lymphocytes t de la grippe
SG11202107510SA (en) * 2019-01-11 2021-08-30 Agency Science Tech & Res Use of hla-a*11:01-restricted hepatitis b virus (hbv) peptides for identifying hbv-specific cd8+ t cells
CA3132435A1 (fr) * 2019-03-04 2020-09-10 University Health Network Recepteurs de lymphocytes t et leurs procedes d'utilisation
US12448429B2 (en) 2019-03-06 2025-10-21 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Inc. T cell receptors specific to b-cell maturation antigen for treatment of cancer
CN115925820A (zh) * 2019-12-13 2023-04-07 南京大户生物科技有限公司 乙型肝炎病毒抗原的胸腺依赖性淋巴细胞抗原表位肽及其应用

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994003205A1 (fr) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-17 Cytel Corporation Peptides de liaison de hla, et leurs utilisations
WO1997033602A1 (fr) * 1996-03-11 1997-09-18 Cytel Corporation Peptides presentant une affinite accrue de liaison avec des molecules
WO1997034617A1 (fr) * 1996-03-21 1997-09-25 Cytel Corporation Peptides de liaison aux hla et utilisations
WO1997034621A1 (fr) * 1996-03-21 1997-09-25 Cytel Corporation Peptides de fixation de hla-a2.1 et leurs utilisations
WO1998032456A1 (fr) * 1997-01-23 1998-07-30 Epimmune, Inc. Identification d'epitopes a restriction dr largement reactifs

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994003205A1 (fr) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-17 Cytel Corporation Peptides de liaison de hla, et leurs utilisations
WO1997033602A1 (fr) * 1996-03-11 1997-09-18 Cytel Corporation Peptides presentant une affinite accrue de liaison avec des molecules
WO1997034617A1 (fr) * 1996-03-21 1997-09-25 Cytel Corporation Peptides de liaison aux hla et utilisations
WO1997034621A1 (fr) * 1996-03-21 1997-09-25 Cytel Corporation Peptides de fixation de hla-a2.1 et leurs utilisations
WO1998032456A1 (fr) * 1997-01-23 1998-07-30 Epimmune, Inc. Identification d'epitopes a restriction dr largement reactifs

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ALTUVIA YAEL ET AL: "A structure-based algorithm to predict potential binding peptides to MHC molecules with hydrophobic binding pockets", HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 58, no. 1, November 1997 (1997-11-01), pages 1 - 11, XP002279422, ISSN: 0198-8859 *
GREY H M ET AL: "CLASS I MHC-PEPTIDE INTERACTIONS: STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS AND FUNCTIONAL IMPLICATIONS", CANCER SURVEYS, OXFORD, GB, vol. 22, 1995, pages 37 - 49, XP008024840 *
PARTIDOS C D ET AL: "Induction of measles virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses after intranasal immunization with synthetic peptides", IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 87, no. 2, 1996, pages 179 - 185, XP002279421, ISSN: 0019-2805 *
See also references of WO9945954A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1064022A1 (fr) 2001-01-03
WO1999045954A1 (fr) 1999-09-16
CA2323632A1 (fr) 1999-09-16
AU6465598A (en) 1999-09-27
JP2002507397A (ja) 2002-03-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1064022A4 (fr) Peptides de liaison de hla et leurs applications
HUP0102535A3 (en) Cd19xcd3 specific polypeptides and uses thereof
PL346346A1 (en) Cyclic prosaposin-derived peptides and uses thereof
PL344341A1 (en) Peptides
IL128869A0 (en) Pyrozolopyrimidines and pyrazolotriazines
IL131368A0 (en) Antipathogenic synthetic peptides and compositions comprising them
GB9806806D0 (en) Peptides and uses thereof
ZA97283B (en) Isolated tyrosinase derived peptides and uses thereof
IL131707A0 (en) Acetylcholinesterase-derived peptides and uses thereof
GB9718110D0 (en) Peptides
GB9825854D0 (en) Peptide
GB0127675D0 (en) Polypeptide
GB9700154D0 (en) Peptides
GB9918155D0 (en) Proteins and peptides
GB9714276D0 (en) Peptides and related compounds
EP1080185A4 (fr) Peptides de proteine basique de myeline et utilisations de ceux-ci
IL145711A0 (en) Thrombospondin-2 and uses thereof
GB9917165D0 (en) Polypeptides polynuclcotides and uses thereof
PL341293A1 (en) Beta-lypothropin and application thereof
GB9807890D0 (en) Peptides
EP1132472A4 (fr) Nouvelle proteine et son utilisation
GB9828036D0 (en) Oligopeptides and their use
GB9800321D0 (en) Peptides
GB9818368D0 (en) Vitronectin-derived peptides
GB9827603D0 (en) Peptides

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20000929

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: EPIMMUNE INC.

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: 7C 07K 14/82 B

Ipc: 7C 07K 14/02 B

Ipc: 7C 07K 7/00 B

Ipc: 7A 61K 39/00 B

Ipc: 7A 61K 39/29 A

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20040813

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20070820

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20080401