EP0931201B1 - Device for securing shuttering panels in a concrete disposable pattern - Google Patents
Device for securing shuttering panels in a concrete disposable pattern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0931201B1 EP0931201B1 EP97944831A EP97944831A EP0931201B1 EP 0931201 B1 EP0931201 B1 EP 0931201B1 EP 97944831 A EP97944831 A EP 97944831A EP 97944831 A EP97944831 A EP 97944831A EP 0931201 B1 EP0931201 B1 EP 0931201B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connecting device
- recess
- elements
- holding
- holding element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 26
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a connecting device for the formwork panels of a lost concrete formwork, with two to be attached to opposite formwork panels, overlapping interlocking connecting parts.
- a connecting device is known from EP 0 258 205 B1 known, which consists of two connecting parts, which on the opposite formwork panels be attached.
- One of the connecting parts exists from a U-shaped sheet metal body on its legs each has two recesses.
- the other Connection part has a V-shaped or U-shaped Base body, the sheet metal legs transverse to those of the first connecting part are arranged and Have holes in the recesses of the first Snap the connector into place.
- the connecting parts such a connection device snap snap snapping into each other when the two formwork panels be pressed against each other. Requirement is however, that the connectors are exactly on the for that intended positions of the formwork panels in the correct position are mounted, and that the formwork panels are relative are very precisely aligned with each other.
- the present invention is based on the object a connection device for formwork panels create that are put together easily can, after connecting the respective parts Formwork panels have been previously attached.
- the connecting device has two Connecting parts that are attached to the formwork panels become. If the circuit boards work properly are opposed, the two sides overlap Connecting parts and in the overlap area can be inserted a holding element that penetrates the overlapping connecting parts and prevents the connecting parts from being pulled apart. With such a connecting device Connection parts placed against each other completely or almost without resistance. The locking is done by the holding element inserted across. In this way it is possible to use numerous connection devices, which are located between two formwork panels into each other and then the holding elements insert. The formwork panels can Assembled into concrete formwork with little effort become. If necessary, it is also possible pull the holding element out again when shows that individual connecting parts are not correct have been installed. Then the concrete formwork can be used again be opened.
- the connecting parts are each other arranged crossing, with a first connecting part has a transverse recess into which the engages other connecting part.
- This other connector has an opening in its wall surface through which the holding element can be pushed through which then engages under the first connecting part.
- the holding element is preferably a rod that passes through inserted several pairs of connecting parts becomes.
- This rod can prevent longitudinal movement be secured by rubbing against the individual Connecting devices attacks. Should this be not sufficient, it can be bent after inserting it become.
- This rod can also be used at the same time serve lost concrete reinforcement.
- the connecting parts are preferably made of sheet metal and they are designed as V-shaped or U-shaped brackets, each with two base plates on the associated one Formwork panel fit. Such connectors can be easily stamped and bent getting produced.
- the connecting device is used to connect the Formwork panels 10, 11 (FIG. 2) of a lost concrete formwork.
- These formwork panels for example consist of a wood material, are made by several Connection devices 13 at a mutual distance kept using the space between the formwork panels Fill in concrete. After the concrete has set, a wall element on which the formwork panels 10,11 remain as lost formwork.
- the connecting device 13 a first connecting part 14 and a second Connection part 15. Both connecting parts exist made of sheet metal, preferably steel.
- the first connecting part 14 is essentially V-shaped Shape, the two leg surfaces 16.17 in a narrow apex surface 18 merge.
- the second connecting part 15 is also made of one Made of metal strips.
- the two thigh surfaces 26, 27 are bent and along the apex line 28 laid flat against each other. Extend from their ends mounting plates 29,30 after opposite Directions. In the mounting plates 30 are Holes 31 for screwing on the connecting part 15 a formwork sheet 11.
- a hole passes through the leg surfaces 26, 27 32 through, which is designed here as an elongated hole.
- the connecting part 15 becomes transverse to the connecting part 14 arranged in such a way that its apex line 28th the apex surface 18 of the first connecting part 14 crosses.
- the second connecting part 15 penetrates the recess 22 of the first connecting part.
- the Leg surfaces 26,27 are placed against each other, so that they have some play against the edges 23 of the recess Have 22.
- a separate holding element 33 in the form of a round rod through the hole 32 pushed.
- This holding element 33 lies against the Underside of the apex surface 18 of the first connecting part 14 and thus locks the second connecting part 15 on the first connecting part 14.
- the holding part 33 also forms a reinforcing bar. How from Fig. 2 shows, it extends through several connecting devices 13 arranged along a line are.
- the securing of the holding part 33 against pulling out in that the holding element 33 on a Is pre-bent and therefore not through hole 32 can slip through.
- Other options are form the holding part 33 such that it is a has a non-circular cross-section. After inserting the holding part this can be turned to look at the first or to hold the second connecting part in a frictional manner.
- the second connecting part 15 also has holding means 34 in the form of cutouts in the side edges in order to (not shown) to include additional reinforcing bars, which then run parallel to the holding element 33.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbindungsvorrichtung für die Schalungsplatten einer verlorenen Betonschalung, mit zwei an gegenüberliegenden Schalungsplatten zu befestigenden, überlappend ineinandergreifenden Verbindungsteilen.The invention relates to a connecting device for the formwork panels of a lost concrete formwork, with two to be attached to opposite formwork panels, overlapping interlocking connecting parts.
Aus EP 0 258 205 B1 ist eine Verbindungsvorrichtung
bekannt, die aus zwei Verbindungsteilen besteht, welche
an den einander gegenüberliegenden Schalungsplatten
befestigt werden. Eines der Verbindungsteile besteht
aus einem U-förmigen Blechkörper, der an seinen Schenkeln
jeweils zwei Rastausnehmungen aufweist. Das andere
Verbindungsteil weist einen V-förmigen oder U-förmigen
Grundkörper auf, dessen Blechschenkel quer zu denjenigen
des ersten Verbindungsteils angeordnet sind und
Löcher aufweisen, die in den Rastausnehmungen des ersten
Verbindungsteils federnd einrasten. Die Verbindungsteile
einer solcher Verbindungsvorrichtung rasten
schnappend ineinander ein, wenn die beiden Schalungsplatten
gegeneinandergedrückt werden. Voraussetzung ist
jedoch, daß die Verbindungsteile genau an den dafür
vorgesehenen Stellen der Schalungsplatten lagerichtig
montiert sind, und daß die Schalungsplatten relativ
zueinander sehr exakt ausgerichtet sind. Da zwischen
zwei Schalungsplatten zahlreiche Paare von Verbindungsteilen
angeordnet sind, kann es vorkommen, daß einzelne
Paare von Verbindungsteilen ordnungsgemäß einrasten,
während andere Paare nicht einrasten und so gegeneinanderliegen,
daß sie bestrebt sind, die Schalungsplatten
auseinander zu drücken. Das gleichzeitige Einrasten
zahlreicher Schnappverbindungen erfordert ein hohes Maß
an Präzision und Geschick.A connecting device is known from
Eine weitere Verbindungsvorrichtung ist aus EP 0 094 465 A
Vorbekannt. Dort werden aber keine zwei an zwei
gegenüberliegenden Schalungsplatten zu befestigenden
Verbindungsteile beschrieben. Der Stand der Technik
aus DE 16 58 878 A wiederum zeigt keine Kreuzenden Verbindungsteile.Another connecting device is known from
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Verbindungsvorrichtung für Schalungsplatten zu schaffen, die auf einfache Weise zusammengesetzt werden kann, nachdem die Verbindungsteile an den jeweiligen Schalungsplatten zuvor befestigt worden sind.The present invention is based on the object a connection device for formwork panels create that are put together easily can, after connecting the respective parts Formwork panels have been previously attached.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.This object is achieved with the invention the features specified in claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbindungsvorrichtung weist zwei Verbindungsteile auf, die an den Schalungsplatten befestigt werden. Wenn die Schaltungsplatten ordnungsgemäß gegeneinandergesetzt sind, überlappen sich die beiderseitigen Verbindungsteile und in den Überlappungsbereich kann ein Halteelement eingesteckt werden, das die sich überlappenden Verbindungsteile durchdringt und ein Auseinanderziehen der Verbindungsteile verhindert. Bei einer derartigen Verbindungsvorrichtung werden die Verbindungsteile ganz oder nahezu widerstandslos gegeneinandergesetzt. Die Verriegelung erfolgt durch das quer hindurchgesteckte Halteelement. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, zahlreiche Verbindungsvorrichtungen, die sich zwischen zwei Schalungsplatten befinden, passend ineinanderzusetzen und anschließend die Halteelemente einzufügen. Die Schalungsplatten können dadurch ohne großen Kraftaufwand zu einer Betonschalung zusammengesetzt werden. Erforderlichenfalls ist es auch möglich, das Halteelement wieder herauszuziehen, wenn sich ergibt, daß einzelne Verbindungsteile nicht korrekt montiert worden sind. Dann kann die Betonschalung wieder geöffnet werden.The connecting device according to the invention has two Connecting parts that are attached to the formwork panels become. If the circuit boards work properly are opposed, the two sides overlap Connecting parts and in the overlap area can be inserted a holding element that penetrates the overlapping connecting parts and prevents the connecting parts from being pulled apart. With such a connecting device Connection parts placed against each other completely or almost without resistance. The locking is done by the holding element inserted across. In this way it is possible to use numerous connection devices, which are located between two formwork panels into each other and then the holding elements insert. The formwork panels can Assembled into concrete formwork with little effort become. If necessary, it is also possible pull the holding element out again when shows that individual connecting parts are not correct have been installed. Then the concrete formwork can be used again be opened.
Nach der Erfindung sind die Verbindungsteile einander kreuzend angeordnet, wobei ein erstes Verbindungsteil eine querverlaufende Ausnehmung aufweist, in die das andere Verbindungsteil eingreift. Dieses andere Verbindungsteil hat in seiner Wandfläche eine Öffnung, durch die das Halteelement hindurchgesteckt werden kann, welches dann das erste Verbindungsteil untergreift.According to the invention, the connecting parts are each other arranged crossing, with a first connecting part has a transverse recess into which the engages other connecting part. This other connector has an opening in its wall surface through which the holding element can be pushed through which then engages under the first connecting part.
Das Halteelement ist vorzugsweise ein Stab, der durch mehrere Paare von Verbindungsteilen hindurchgesteckt wird. Dieser Stab kann gegen Bewegung in Längsrichtung dadurch gesichert werden, daß er reibend an den einzelnen Verbindungsvorrichtungen angreift. Sollte dies nicht ausreichen, kann er nach dem Hindurchstecken umgebogen werden. Dieser Stab kann auch gleichzeitig als verlorene Betonbewehrung dienen.The holding element is preferably a rod that passes through inserted several pairs of connecting parts becomes. This rod can prevent longitudinal movement be secured by rubbing against the individual Connecting devices attacks. Should this be not sufficient, it can be bent after inserting it become. This rod can also be used at the same time serve lost concrete reinforcement.
Die Verbindungsteile bestehen vorzugsweise aus Blech und sie sind als V-förmige oder U-förmige Bügel ausgebildet, die jeweils mit zwei Basisplatten an der zugehörigen Schalungsplatte anliegen. Solche Verbindungsteile können durch Stanzen und Biegen auf einfache Weise hergestellt werden.The connecting parts are preferably made of sheet metal and they are designed as V-shaped or U-shaped brackets, each with two base plates on the associated one Formwork panel fit. Such connectors can be easily stamped and bent getting produced.
Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert.The following is with reference to the drawings an embodiment of the invention explained in more detail.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Explosionsdarstellung der Verbindungsvorrichtung und
- Fig. 2
- eine perspektivische Darstellung der Verbindungsvorrichtung im montierten Zustand.
- Fig. 1
- an exploded view of the connecting device and
- Fig. 2
- a perspective view of the connecting device in the assembled state.
Die Verbindungsvorrichtung dient zum Verbinden der
Schalungsplatten 10,11 (Fig. 2) einer verlorene Betonschalung.
Diese Schalungsplatten, die beispielsweise
aus einem Holzwerkstoff bestehen, werden durch mehrere
Verbindungsvorrichtungen 13 in gegenseitigem Abstand
gehalten, um den Raum zwischen den Schalungsplatten mit
Beton auszufüllen. Nach dem Abbinden des Betons entsteht
ein Wandelement, an dem die Schalungsplatten
10,11 als verlorene Schalung verbleiben.The connecting device is used to connect the
Wie aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht, weist die Verbindungsvorrichtung
13 ein erstes Verbindungsteil 14 und ein zweites
Verbindungsteil 15 auf. Beide Verbindungsteile bestehen
aus Metallblech, vorzugsweise aus Stahl.As is apparent from Fig. 1, the connecting device
13 a first connecting
Das erste Verbindungsteil 14 hat im wesentlichen V-förmige
Gestalt, wobei die beiden Schenkelflächen 16,17 in
einer schmalen Scheitelfläche 18 ineinander übergehen. The first connecting
An den Enden der Schenkel flächen 16,17 befinden sich
nach außen abgebogene Befestigungsplatten 19,20 mit
Löchern 21, um das Verbindungsteil an einer Schalungsplatte
anzuschrauben oder auf andere Weise zu befestigen.
Die Löcher 21 sind jeweils in einer Erhebung der
Befestigungsplatte 19 bzw. 20 angeordnet.At the ends of the leg surfaces are 16, 17
outwardly bent mounting plates 19.20 with
Quer durch die Schenkelflächen 16,17 und die Scheitelfläche
18 erstreckt sich eine Ausnehmung 22 in Form
eines Spaltes, dessen Flanken 23 zur Scheitelfläche 18
hin auseinanderlaufen, so daß die Ausnehmung 22 in Seitenansicht
gesehen einen V-förmigen Spalt bildet. Dieser
Spalt erstreckt sich über mehr als ein Drittel der
Höhe der Schenkelflächen 16,17.Across the
An den Seitenkanten der Schenkelflächen 16,17 sind Ausstanzungen
vorgesehen, welche Haltemittel 24 für (nicht
dargestellte) Bewehrungsstäbe bilden, die quer zu dem
Verbindungsteil 14 verlaufen und sich durch mehrere
Verbindungsvorrichtungen 13 erstrecken können.On the side edges of the
Das zweite Verbindungsteil 15 ist ebenfalls aus einem
Blechstreifen hergestellt. Die beiden Schenkelflächen
26,27 sind entlang der Scheitellinie 28 umgebogen und
flach gegeneinandergelegt. Von ihren Enden erstrecken
sich Befestigungsplatten 29,30 nach entgegengesetzten
Richtungen. In den Befestigungsplatten 30 befinden sich
Löcher 31 zum Anschrauben des Verbindungsteils 15 an
eine Schalungsplatte 11.The second connecting
Durch die Schenkelflächen 26,27 geht jeweils ein Loch
32 hindurch, das hier als Langloch ausgebildet ist. A hole passes through the
Das Verbindungsteil 15 wird quer zu dem Verbindungsteil
14 angeordnet, in der Weise, daß seine Scheitellinie 28
die Scheitelfläche 18 des ersten Verbindungsteiles 14
kreuzt. Dabei dringt das zweite Verbindungsteil 15 in
die Ausnehmung 22 des ersten Verbindungsteils ein. Die
Schenkelflächen 26,27 sind gegeneinandergelegt, so daß
sie ein gewisses Spiel gegenüber den Kanten 23 der Ausnehmung
22 haben.The connecting
Nachdem das zweite Verbindungsteil 15 in das erste Verbindungsteil
eingesetzt wurde, wird ein separates Halteelement
33 in Form eines Rundstabes durch das Loch 32
geschoben. Dieses Halteelement 33 legt sich gegen die
Unterseite der Scheitelfläche 18 des ersten Verbindungsteils
14 und verriegelt somit das zweite Verbindungsteil
15 am ersten Verbindungsteil 14. Das Halteteil
33 bildet zugleich einen Bewehrungsstab. Wie aus
Fig. 2 hervorgeht, erstreckt es sich durch mehrere Verbindungsvorrichtungen
13, die längs einer Linie angeordnet
sind.After the
Die Sicherung des Halteteils 33 gegen Herausziehen kann
dadurch erfolgen, daß das Halteelement 33 an einer
Stelle vorgebogen ist und somit nicht durch das Loch 32
durchrutschen kann. Andere Möglichkeiten bestehen darin,
das Halteteil 33 derart auszubilden, daß es einen
unrunden Querschnitt hat. Nach dem Einschieben des Halteteils
kann dieses gedreht werden, um sich an dem ersten
bzw. zweiten Verbindungsteil reibend festzuhalten.The securing of the
Auch das zweite Verbindungsteil 15 hat Haltemittel 34
in Form von Aussparungen in den Seitenkanten, um (nicht
dargestellte) zusätzliche Bewehrungsstäbe aufzunehmen,
die dann parallel zu dem Halteelement 33 verlaufen.The second connecting
Claims (8)
- A connecting device for securing the shuttering plates (10, 11) of a lost concrete boarding, comprising two engaging and overlapping connecting elements (14, 15) to be fastened to two opposite shuttering plates (10, 11), and a holding element (33) penetrating the connecting elements (14, 15) in the area of overlapping, wherein the overlapping of the connecting elements (14, 15) is arranged crossing into each other, and wherein the first connecting element (14) has a recess (22) into which the second connecting element (15) engages, and wherein, in the connected state, an opening (32) for receiving the holding element (33) is provided in the second connecting element (15) within the recess (22) of the first connecting element (14).
- The connecting device of claim 1, wherein the holding element (33) is formed as a reinforcing rod and penetrates a plurality of connecting element pairs (14, 15) arranged in a row.
- The connecting device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting elements (14, 15) consist of substantially V-shaped strips of sheet metal.
- The connecting device of one of claims 1-3, wherein the holding element (33) is rod-shaped.
- The connecting device of one of claims 1-4, wherein the opening (32) of the second connecting element (15) passes through both legs of this connecting element.
- The connecting device of one of claims 1-5, wherein the recess (22) of the first connecting element passes through the apex of this connecting element.
- The connecting device of one of claims 1-6, wherein at least one of the connecting elements comprises holding means (24, 34) for receiving reinforcing rods.
- The connecting device of one of claims 1-7, wherein the connecting elements (14, 15) cooperate elastically, thereby creating a force that tends to press the connecting elements (14, 15) apart.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29617776U | 1996-10-12 | ||
| DE29617776U DE29617776U1 (en) | 1996-10-12 | 1996-10-12 | Connection device for the formwork panels of a lost concrete formwork |
| PCT/EP1997/004819 WO1998016700A1 (en) | 1996-10-12 | 1997-09-05 | Device for securing shuttering panels in a concrete disposable pattern |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0931201A1 EP0931201A1 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
| EP0931201B1 true EP0931201B1 (en) | 2000-04-19 |
Family
ID=8030510
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97944831A Expired - Lifetime EP0931201B1 (en) | 1996-10-12 | 1997-09-05 | Device for securing shuttering panels in a concrete disposable pattern |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0931201B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE191946T1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ123899A3 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE29617776U1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK34899A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998016700A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1036891B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2005-11-09 | Gabriele Raschke | Prefabricated composite system for producing interior or exterior walls for buildings |
| DE102007014366A1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Gerhard Maier | Reinforcement device for prefabricated parts |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2294051A (en) * | 1939-06-24 | 1942-08-25 | Nils P Sjobring | Wall construction |
| US3321884A (en) * | 1964-06-04 | 1967-05-30 | Klaue Hermann | Spaced building plates with embedded wire ties connected by rod means |
| US3310924A (en) * | 1964-08-04 | 1967-03-28 | George V Boynton | Partition construction with blocks supported by a wire lattice |
| DE1658878A1 (en) * | 1968-01-23 | 1970-11-26 | Georg Hubmann | Construction element set for shuttering walls with prefabricated shuttering panels made of reinforced concrete |
| GB1502944A (en) * | 1975-04-11 | 1978-03-08 | Heskin Ltd | Brick-layers wall ties |
| EP0094465B1 (en) * | 1982-05-14 | 1986-11-12 | Luis Alejos | Premanufacturing process for construction panels, panels so produced and plant for putting this process into operation |
| AT385806B (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-05-25 | Fuechtner Eva Maria Dipl Ing | AT LEAST TWO-PIECE CONNECTOR FOR HOLDING TWO TOGETHER THE FINISHED WALL OR BASE PLATES WITH CEILING AREA |
| GB9212839D0 (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1992-07-29 | James Stephen A | Variable interengageable wall tie |
| DE4424941C2 (en) * | 1994-07-14 | 1999-07-22 | Ensle Paul Stiftung | Composite formwork system and method for manufacturing a composite formwork system |
-
1996
- 1996-10-12 DE DE29617776U patent/DE29617776U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-09-05 DE DE59701486T patent/DE59701486D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-05 CZ CZ991238A patent/CZ123899A3/en unknown
- 1997-09-05 SK SK348-99A patent/SK34899A3/en unknown
- 1997-09-05 EP EP97944831A patent/EP0931201B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-05 AT AT97944831T patent/ATE191946T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-09-05 WO PCT/EP1997/004819 patent/WO1998016700A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE29617776U1 (en) | 1996-11-28 |
| SK34899A3 (en) | 2000-03-13 |
| EP0931201A1 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
| WO1998016700A1 (en) | 1998-04-23 |
| DE59701486D1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
| ATE191946T1 (en) | 2000-05-15 |
| CZ123899A3 (en) | 1999-10-13 |
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