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EP0909891B1 - Fluid control valve - Google Patents

Fluid control valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0909891B1
EP0909891B1 EP98111325A EP98111325A EP0909891B1 EP 0909891 B1 EP0909891 B1 EP 0909891B1 EP 98111325 A EP98111325 A EP 98111325A EP 98111325 A EP98111325 A EP 98111325A EP 0909891 B1 EP0909891 B1 EP 0909891B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
piston
valve according
connecting space
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98111325A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0909891A1 (en
Inventor
Roger Potschin
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0909891A1 publication Critical patent/EP0909891A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0909891B1 publication Critical patent/EP0909891B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0033Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F02M63/0035Poppet valves, i.e. having a mushroom-shaped valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/705Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with means for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber, e.g. for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F02M2200/706Valves for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/003Valve inserts containing control chamber and valve piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve for controlling Liquids according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a valve for controlling Liquids according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a valve is known from EP 0 477 400.
  • a problem with such valves is that on Piezo actuator, on the valve member or on the valve housing and in the hydraulic column of the coupling space changes in length occur that need to be balanced. Because the piezo actuator generates a pressure to open the valve in the coupling space, this pressure also leads to a loss of coupling space fluid. To empty the coupling space prevent refilling is necessary.
  • a Compensated for tolerance due to a specified leak create. This has the disadvantage that one in the two possible directions of flow open connection between the coupling space and z. B. provided a reservoir is, because of the resulting flexibility of the hydraulic space the working behavior of the piezo actuator negatively influenced.
  • the known device is so executed that the hydraulic fluid hermetically in Housing is included. In particular, one leads increased volume to a the transmission stiffness of the hydraulic column formed by the coupling space reducing compressibility.
  • valve according to the invention have the advantage over the other that the coupling space always remains sufficiently filled and via the filling valve coupling fluid only in Direction of coupling space from an existing volume unlimited refill can flow.
  • A is disadvantageous change in length of the entire device avoided and high transmission rigidity achieved. This also applies if the piezo actuator, the valve or the housing its length e.g. change when heated should, because such a change in length in the coupling space is compensated for by licking.
  • the device has a simple structure and works safely and reliably.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection valve in section
  • Figure 2 shows a first embodiment a filling valve
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment a filling valve
  • Figure 4 is a diagram the timing of the filling
  • Figure 5 a third Embodiment of a filling valve
  • Figure 6 a Modification of the design according to Figure 5
  • Figure 7 a Detail of the embodiment according to Figure 6
  • Figure 8 a Modification of the design according to Figure 6 and Figure 9 a another version of the types according to Figures 6 and 8.
  • the valve according to the invention is used in a Fuel injector, which is mainly in the Section is shown in Figure 1.
  • This injector has a valve housing 1, in which in a Longitudinal bore 2 is a valve needle 3, which is also in known way not shown here by a Closing spring can be preloaded in the closing direction.
  • On At one end is the valve needle with a conical shape
  • Provide sealing surface 4 on the protruding into the combustion chamber Tip 5 of the valve housing cooperates with a seat 6, from which lead out injection openings that the inside of the Injection valve, here with the valve needle 3 surrounding filled annular space under fuel under injection pressure 7 connect to the combustion chamber so as to close an injection complete when the valve needle is lifted from its seat Has.
  • the annular space is with a further pressure space 8 connected, constantly in connection with a pressure line 10 stands over which the fuel injection valve from a High-pressure fuel accumulator 9 fuel under Injection pressure is supplied.
  • This high fuel pressure also acts in the pressure chamber 8, and there on one Pressure shoulder 11, via the nozzle needle in a known manner lifted from its valve seat in suitable conditions can be.
  • valve needle At the other end of the valve needle is in a cylinder bore 12 out there and closes with its end face 14 a control pressure chamber 15 which via a throttle connection 16 is permanently connected to an annular space 17 which, like the pressure chamber 8 always with the high-pressure fuel reservoir communicates.
  • Axial leads from control pressure chamber 15 a throttle bore 19 to a valve seat 20 of a control valve 21.
  • the valve seat acts Valve member 22 of the control valve together, which in lifted state a connection between the control pressure chamber 15 and one with hydraulic pressure medium, here preferably diesel fuel, which is the device anyway is available, creates filled low-pressure chamber 18, which in turn is constantly connected to a relief room is.
  • hydraulic pressure medium here preferably diesel fuel
  • valve member 22 In the low pressure chamber 18 is a valve member 22 arranged in the closing direction loading compression spring 24, the acts on the valve member 22 towards the valve seat 20, so that in the normal position of the control valve the connection between low pressure chamber 18 and control pressure chamber 15 is closed.
  • the low pressure space 18 can be considered to the spring arranged there also called the spring chamber become. Since the face of the valve needle in the The area of the control pressure chamber is larger than the area of the Pressure shoulder 11, keeps the same fuel pressure in the Control pressure chamber, which now also prevails in the pressure chamber 8 the valve needle 3 in the closed position. Is this However, valve member 22 is lifted, so the pressure in the the throttle connection 16 from the high-pressure fuel accumulator 9 decoupled control pressure chamber 15 relieved.
  • Valve needle 3 possibly against the force of the closing spring quickly and on the other hand can be in the closed position again brought as soon as the valve member 22 in Closing position comes. From that point on, it builds up quickly via the throttle connection 16 the original high Fuel pressure in the control pressure chamber 15 again.
  • the control valve has one to it Actuation determined piston 25 on the valve member 22 acts and can be actuated by a piezo actuator 32.
  • the Piston 25 is in a in a housing part 26 of the Fuel injection valve arranged guide bore 28 tightly guided and limited, as can be seen in Figure 2, with its end face 29 one with hydraulic pressure medium, here fuel, filled coupling space 30 on its opposite wall from one in one Actuator guide bore 39 guided actuator piston 31 larger Diameter is completed, the part of the piezo actuator 32 is and also by one in the coupling space arranged spring 49, 65 (see Figures 3 and 6) with the Piezo actuator can be non-positively coupled.
  • the Coupling space 30 is used due to the different Piston surfaces of the two pistons 25 and 31 as Translator room by having a small stroke of the Piezo actuator piston 31 in a larger stroke of that Control valve 21 actuating piston 25 translated.
  • Excitation of the piezo actuator with which in principle only small Actuation paths can be achieved with one translated travel of the piston 25 adjusted and that Lifted valve member 22 from its seat 20. That has one Relief of the control pressure chamber, which in turn Opening the valve needle 3 causes.
  • At the work of the Control valve and the pressure ratio occur in the Coupling space 30 very high pressures.
  • this filling valve 33 is in the Embodiment of Figure 2 designed so that the Piston 25 is designed as a stepped piston, the in Diameter of smaller piston part 34 in the guide bore 28 is guided tightly and at the end of the coupling space 30 limited and over a shoulder that a valve seat 35 for the filling valve 33 forms one in diameter larger piston part 78 passes into the spring chamber 18th dips.
  • a closing body 37 of the filling valve 33 is from one in one to the guide hole connecting bore 80 in valve housing 1 tightly guided Piston ring formed, one to the side of the valve 21 as a sealing surface 36 formed end face which is conical is formed and has an annular sealing edge 38 which comes to rest on the valve seat 35. Between the inner Shell surface of the closing body 37 and the piston part 34 is a distance is provided.
  • the actuator guide bore 39 and guide bore 28 of the Pistons 25 can especially when increasing pressure in Coupling space 30 leaks occur.
  • actuator piston 31 and the actuator guide bore 39 is one leadership-related leakage ring gap 79.
  • the Filling of the coupling space 30th from a control room 41, via the filling valve 33 allows.
  • the filling valve 33 as Check valve is formed by the closing body 37 by a spring 42, which is supported on the valve housing the valve seat 35 is loaded.
  • control valve When the control valve is opened, it lifts on the piston 25 attached valve seat 35 and the control chamber 41 is from Leak oil chamber filled. Presses when closing the valve the piston ring 37 on the valve seat 35 and seals the Control room 41 onwards. This creates in the control room Overpressure, which is due to the selectable stiffness of the Control room 41 can be adjusted. The overpressure causes a leak in the leakage connection 40, which leads to Coupling space 30 is directed. That way then the coupling space is filled. Another advantage is that the piston ring 37 when the filling valve closes 33 acts as a vibration damper.
  • FIG. 3 shows a filling valve 43 that immediately is arranged on the coupling space 30.
  • a piston has 25 a head 44 whose underside as the closing body 45 of the Filling valve 43 is formed.
  • One for the closing body 45 certain valve seat 46 is fixed to the housing 26 intended. It serves as a valve stop.
  • Two leadership leaks are with the columns 47 and 48 in the piston 25 and Actuator piston 31 shown.
  • the piston 25 is a shaft 27 of a pilsiform valve member 22, and a Compression spring 24 presses the piston 25 against the coupling space 30, in which a spring 49 is additionally arranged.
  • the devices shown in Figures 5 to 9 they are all alike in that they have one through hole provided piston 25 and that this Through hole on one side of the piston 25 with a Filling valve are provided.
  • Figure 5 one applies the side of the piston 25 facing away from the coupling space 30 arranged filling valve the reference number 54. It will formed by a valve seat 55 on an end face of the Piston 25 and by a closing member 56 on the shaft 27, the only by an appropriately trained end face the shaft 27 is adjusted.
  • the piston is preferably 25 spherical on its end face with a flat radius formed by an angular offset from the piston 25 and Compensate control valve 21 and their plan stop.
  • the piston 25 is along its entire length provided a through hole 57, the mouth 58 for Reduction of wear (lower Hertzian Compression) is enlarged in diameter, and in one Leakage liquid chamber 59 is located.
  • Figure 6 shows a variant in which a filling valve 60 is arranged directly on the coupling space 30. Also here is the piston 25 'along its entire length Through hole 61 provided on their the coupling space 30 facing away into one in a leakage liquid chamber 62 lying cross slot 63 (cf. Figure 7) of the front of the shaft 27 of the Valve member 22 is released.
  • the piston 25 ' has also an outer collar 81, on his in the Leakage chamber diving end of the piston allowed to play a little from the closed position lift off the closing member 22 of the control valve 21, before engaging with this outer waistband on a bulkhead 82 of the case drain chamber.
  • the filling valve 60 has a hollow conical valve seat 66 at the upper mouth of the through hole 61.
  • a ball works as a closing body 67 together, which is subject to the force of a spring 68 Coupling space 30 is arranged and on the actuator piston 31 supported. Is the pressure below the closing body 67 larger than above, the closing body lifts after the Piston 25 'with its outer collar 81 on the end wall 82 for Plant has come off and it takes place with the opening of the Through hole 61 between the coupling space and Leakage chamber 62 a pressure equalization instead. To do that To keep the volume of the coupling space 30 as small as possible, the ball closing body 67 is lowered in the piston.
  • Closing body 69 of a filling valve 70 also only be formed as a spherical section, as in the figure 8 is shown. With a flat valve seat angle is a Small bore diameter of the through bore necessary. Therefore, in the embodiment according to FIG. 8 there is a through hole 71 directly below the closing body 69 provided a constriction 72, below this is the Through hole 71 again.
  • Figure 9 shows that it is also possible to use a filling valve 73 with a ball as a closing body 74 and with a To provide valve seat 75 at the lower end of the piston 25.
  • a through hole bears the reference number 76 here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Ventil zum Steuern von Flüssigkeiten gemäß der Gattung des Patentanspruchs 1. Durch die EP 0 477 400 ist ein solches Ventil bekannt. Dort ist der Betätigungskolben des Ventilgliedes in einem im Durchmesser kleineren Teil einer Stufenbohrung dicht verschiebbar angeordnet, wogegen ein im Durchmesser größerer Kolben, der von einem Piezoaktor bewegt wird, in einem im Durchmesser größeren Teil der Stufenbohrung angeordnet ist. Zwischen den beiden Kolben ist ein hydraulischer Kopplungsraum eingespannt, derart, daß, wenn der größere Kolben durch den Piezoaktor um eine bestimmte Wegstrecke bewegt wird, der Betätigungskolben des Ventilgliedes um einen um das Übersetzungsverhältnis der Stufenbohrungsdurchmesser vergrößerten Weg bewegt wird.The invention relates to a valve for controlling Liquids according to the preamble of claim 1. By Such a valve is known from EP 0 477 400. There is the actuating piston of the valve member in a Diameter smaller part of a stepped bore tight slidably arranged, whereas a larger in diameter Piston, which is moved by a piezo actuator, in an in Larger diameter part of the stepped bore is arranged. There is a hydraulic coupling space between the two pistons clamped in such a way that when the larger piston passes through the piezo actuator is moved a certain distance, the Actuating piston of the valve member by one Gear ratio of the stepped bore diameter enlarged path is moved.

Bei solchen Ventilen besteht ein Problem darin, daß am Piezoaktor, am Ventilglied oder am Ventilgehäuses sowie in der hydraulischen Säule des Kopplungsraumes Längenänderungen auftreten, die ausgeglichen werden müssen. Da der Piezoaktor zum Öffnen des Ventils im Kopplungsraum einen Druck erzeugt, führt dieser Druck auch zu einem Verlust an Kopplungsraum-Flüssigkeit. Um ein Leerpumpen des Kopplungsraums zu verhindern, ist eine Wiederbefüllung notwendig. Durch den eingangs genannten Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, einen Toleranzausgeleich durch eine vorgegebene Leckage zu schaffen. Dies hat den Nachteil, daß eine ständig in den beiden möglichen Flußrichtungen offene Verbindung zwischen dem Kopplungsraum und z. B. einem Vorratsbehälter vorgesehen ist, wegen der daraus resultierenden Nachgibigkeit des hydraulischen Raumes das Arbeitsverhalten des Piezoaktors negativ beeinflußt. Die bekannte Einrichtung ist dabei so ausgeführt, daß die Hydraulikflüssigkeit hermetisch im Gehäuse eingeschlossen ist. Insbesondere führt ein somit vergrößertes Volumen zu einer die Übertragunssteifigkeit der durch den Kopplungsraumes gebildeten hydraulischen Säule reduzierende Kompressibilität.A problem with such valves is that on Piezo actuator, on the valve member or on the valve housing and in the hydraulic column of the coupling space changes in length occur that need to be balanced. Because the piezo actuator generates a pressure to open the valve in the coupling space, this pressure also leads to a loss of coupling space fluid. To empty the coupling space prevent refilling is necessary. By the state of the art at the outset, it is known a Compensated for tolerance due to a specified leak create. This has the disadvantage that one in the two possible directions of flow open connection between the coupling space and z. B. provided a reservoir is, because of the resulting flexibility of the hydraulic space the working behavior of the piezo actuator negatively influenced. The known device is so executed that the hydraulic fluid hermetically in Housing is included. In particular, one leads increased volume to a the transmission stiffness of the hydraulic column formed by the coupling space reducing compressibility.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Ventil mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 hat dem gegenüber den Vorteil, daß der Kopplungsraum immer ausreichend gefüllt bleibt und über das Befüllunsventil Kopplungsflüssigkeit nur in Richtung Kopplungsraum aus einem vorhandenen, im Volumen nicht begrenzten Nachfüllvorrat nachströmen kann. Eine nachteilige Längenänderung der Gesamteinrichtung ist damit vermieden und dabei eine hohe Übertragungssteifigkeit erzielt. Dies gilt auch, wenn der Piezoaktor, das Ventil oder das Gehäuse seine Länge z.B. bei Erwärmung ändern sollte, weil eine solche Längenänderung im Kopplungsraum durch Lecken kompensiert wird. Des weiteren ist es von Vorteil, daß die Einrichtung einen einfachen Aufbau hat und sicher und zuverlässig arbeitet.The valve according to the invention Features of claim 1 have the advantage over the other that the coupling space always remains sufficiently filled and via the filling valve coupling fluid only in Direction of coupling space from an existing volume unlimited refill can flow. A is disadvantageous change in length of the entire device avoided and high transmission rigidity achieved. This also applies if the piezo actuator, the valve or the housing its length e.g. change when heated should, because such a change in length in the coupling space is compensated for by licking. Furthermore it is from Advantage that the device has a simple structure and works safely and reliably.

Zeichnungdrawing

Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Figur 1 ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil im Schnitt, Figur 2 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Befüllungsventils, Figur 3 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Befüllungsventils, Figur 4 ein Diagramm über den Zeitablauf der Befüllung, Figur 5 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Befüllungsventils, Figur 6 eine Abwandlung der Bauart nach der Figur 5, Figur 7 eine Einzelheit der Ausführung nach der Figur 6, Figur 8 eine Abwandlung der Bauart nach der Figur 6 und Figur 9 eine andere Ausführung der Bauarten nach den Figuren 6 und 8.Several embodiments of the invention are in the Drawing shown and in the description below explained in more detail. FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection valve in section, Figure 2 shows a first embodiment a filling valve, Figure 3 shows a second embodiment a filling valve, Figure 4 is a diagram the timing of the filling, Figure 5, a third Embodiment of a filling valve, Figure 6 a Modification of the design according to Figure 5, Figure 7 a Detail of the embodiment according to Figure 6, Figure 8 a Modification of the design according to Figure 6 and Figure 9 a another version of the types according to Figures 6 and 8.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Das erfindungsgemäße Ventil findet Anwendung bei einem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil, das in wesentlichen Teilen im Schnitt in der Figur 1 wiedergegeben ist. Dieses Einspritzventil weist ein Ventilgehäuse 1 auf, in dem in einer Längsbohrung 2 eine Ventilnadel 3 geführt ist, die auch in hier nicht weiter gezeigter, bekannter Weise durch eine Schließfeder in Schließrichtung vorbelastet sein kann. An ihrem einen Ende ist die Ventilnadel mit einer kegelförmigen Dichtfläche 4 versehen, die an der in den Brennraum ragenden Spitze 5 des Ventilgehäuses mit einem Sitz 6 zusammen wirkt, von dem aus Einspritzöffnungen abführen, die das Innere des Einspritzventils, hier den die Ventilnadel 3 umgebenden mit unter Einspritzdruck stehendem Kraftstoff gefüllten Ringraum 7 mit dem Brennraum verbinden, um so eine Einspritzung zu vollziehen, wenn die Ventilnadel von ihrem Sitz abgehoben hat. Der Ringraum ist mit einem weiteren Druckraum 8 verbunden, der ständig in Verbindung mit einer Druckleitung 10 steht, über die dem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil von einem Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher 9 Kraftstoff unter Einspritzdruck zugeführt wird. Dieser hohe Kraftstoffdruck wirkt auch in den Druckraum 8, und dort auf eine Druckschulter 11, über die in bekannter Weise die Düsennadel bei geeigneten Bedingungen von ihrem Ventilsitz abgehoben werden kann.The valve according to the invention is used in a Fuel injector, which is mainly in the Section is shown in Figure 1. This injector has a valve housing 1, in which in a Longitudinal bore 2 is a valve needle 3, which is also in known way not shown here by a Closing spring can be preloaded in the closing direction. On At one end is the valve needle with a conical shape Provide sealing surface 4 on the protruding into the combustion chamber Tip 5 of the valve housing cooperates with a seat 6, from which lead out injection openings that the inside of the Injection valve, here with the valve needle 3 surrounding filled annular space under fuel under injection pressure 7 connect to the combustion chamber so as to close an injection complete when the valve needle is lifted from its seat Has. The annular space is with a further pressure space 8 connected, constantly in connection with a pressure line 10 stands over which the fuel injection valve from a High-pressure fuel accumulator 9 fuel under Injection pressure is supplied. This high fuel pressure also acts in the pressure chamber 8, and there on one Pressure shoulder 11, via the nozzle needle in a known manner lifted from its valve seat in suitable conditions can be.

Am anderen Ende der Ventilnadel ist diese in einer Zylinderbohrung 12 geführt und schließt dort mit ihrer Stirnseite 14 einen Steuerdruckraum 15 ein, der über eine Drosselverbindung 16 ständig mit einem Ringraum 17 verbunden ist, der, wie auch der Druckraum 8 immer mit dem Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher in Verbindung steht. Axial führt von Steuerdruckraum 15 eine Drosselbohrung 19 ab zu einem Ventilsitz 20 eines Steuerventils 21. Mit dem Ventilsitz wirkt ein Ventilglied 22 des Steuerventils zusammen, das in abgehobenem Zustand eine Verbindung zwischen dem Steuerdruckraum 15 und einem mit hydraulischem Druckmittel, hier vorzugsweise Dieselkraftstoff, der der Einrichtung sowieso zur Verfügung steht, gefüllten Niederdruckraum 18 herstellt, der wiederum ständig mit einem Entlastungsraum verbunden ist. In dem Niederdruckraum 18 ist eine das Ventilglied 22 in Schließrichtung belastende Druckfeder 24 angeordnet, die das Ventilglied 22 auf den Ventilsitz'20 hin beaufschlagt, so daß in Normalstellung des Steuerventils die Verbindung zwischen Niederdruckraum 18 und Steuerdruckraum 15 verschlossen ist. Der Niederdruckraum 18 kann in Hinblick auf die dort angeordnete Feder auch Federraum genannt werden. Da die stirnseitige Fläche der Ventilnadel im Bereich des Steuerdruckraumes größer ist als die Fläche der Druckschulter 11, hält derselbe Kraftstoffdruck im Steuerdruckraum, der auch in dem Druckraum 8 vorherrscht nun die Ventilnadel 3 in geschlossener Stellung. Ist das Ventilglied 22 jedoch abgehoben, so wird der Druck im über die Drosselverbindung 16 vom Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher 9 abgekoppelten Steuerdruckraum 15 entlastet. Bei der nun fehlenden oder reduzierten Schließkraft öffnet die Ventilnadel 3 ggf. entgegen der Kraft der Schließfeder schnell und kann andererseits wieder in Schließstellung gebracht werden, sobald das Ventilglied 22 in Schließstellung kommt. Von diesem Zeitpunkt an baut sich schnell über die Drosselverbindung 16 der ursprüngliche hohe Kraftstoffdruck im Steuerdruckraum 15 wieder auf.At the other end of the valve needle is in a cylinder bore 12 out there and closes with its end face 14 a control pressure chamber 15 which via a throttle connection 16 is permanently connected to an annular space 17 which, like the pressure chamber 8 always with the high-pressure fuel reservoir communicates. Axial leads from control pressure chamber 15 a throttle bore 19 to a valve seat 20 of a control valve 21. The valve seat acts Valve member 22 of the control valve together, which in lifted state a connection between the control pressure chamber 15 and one with hydraulic pressure medium, here preferably diesel fuel, which is the device anyway is available, creates filled low-pressure chamber 18, which in turn is constantly connected to a relief room is. In the low pressure chamber 18 is a valve member 22 arranged in the closing direction loading compression spring 24, the acts on the valve member 22 towards the valve seat 20, so that in the normal position of the control valve the connection between low pressure chamber 18 and control pressure chamber 15 is closed. The low pressure space 18 can be considered to the spring arranged there also called the spring chamber become. Since the face of the valve needle in the The area of the control pressure chamber is larger than the area of the Pressure shoulder 11, keeps the same fuel pressure in the Control pressure chamber, which now also prevails in the pressure chamber 8 the valve needle 3 in the closed position. Is this However, valve member 22 is lifted, so the pressure in the the throttle connection 16 from the high-pressure fuel accumulator 9 decoupled control pressure chamber 15 relieved. With the now missing or reduced closing force opens the Valve needle 3 possibly against the force of the closing spring quickly and on the other hand can be in the closed position again brought as soon as the valve member 22 in Closing position comes. From that point on, it builds up quickly via the throttle connection 16 the original high Fuel pressure in the control pressure chamber 15 again.

Das erfindungsgemäße Steuerventil weist einen zu seiner Betätigung bestimmten Kolben 25 auf, der auf das Ventilglied 22 wirkt und durch einen Piezoaktor 32 betätigbar ist. Der Kolben 25 ist in einer in einem Gehäuseteil 26 des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils angeordneten Führungsbohrung 28 dicht geführt und begrenzt, wie man Figur 2 entnimmt, mit seiner Stirnfläche 29 einen mit hydraulischem Druckmittel, hier Krafstoff, gefüllten Kopplungsraum 30, der auf seiner gegenüberliegenden Wand von einem in einer Aktorführungsbohrung 39 geführten Aktorkolben 31 größeren Durchmessers abgeschlossen ist, der Teil des Piezoaktors 32 ist und der zusätzlich auch durch eine im Kopplungsraum angeordnete Feder 49, 65 (siehe Figuren 3 und 6) mit dem Piezoaktor kraftschlüssig gekoppelt sein kann. Der Kopplungsraum 30 dient aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Kolbenflächen der beiden Kolben 25 und 31 als Übersetzerraum, indem er einen kleinen Hub des Piezoaktorkolbens 31 in einen größeren Hub des das Steuerventil 21 betätigenden Kolbens 25 übersetzt. Bei Erregung des Piezoaktors, mit dem im Prinzip nur kleinen Betätigungswege erzielbar sind, wird somit mit einem übersetzten Stellweg der Kolben 25 verstellt und das Ventilglied 22 von seinem Sitz 20 abgehoben. Das hat eine Entlastung des Steuerdruckraumes zur Folge, was wiederum das Öffnen der Ventilnadel 3 bewirkt. Bei der Arbeit des Steuerventils und bei der Druckübersetzung treten im Kopplungsraum 30 sehr hohe Drücke auf. Um es trotz dieser Belastung des eingeschlossenen Druckmittels nicht zu einem Füllungsverlust aufgrund von Leckage entlang der Kolbenführungen kommen zu lassen und um auch Füllungsänderungen durch Volumenänderung der Flüssigkeit im Kopplungsraum 30 bei Temperaturwechseln auszugleichen ist ein Befüllungsventil 33 vorgesehen, das an den Kopplungsraum 30 angeschlossen ist.The control valve according to the invention has one to it Actuation determined piston 25 on the valve member 22 acts and can be actuated by a piezo actuator 32. The Piston 25 is in a in a housing part 26 of the Fuel injection valve arranged guide bore 28 tightly guided and limited, as can be seen in Figure 2, with its end face 29 one with hydraulic pressure medium, here fuel, filled coupling space 30 on its opposite wall from one in one Actuator guide bore 39 guided actuator piston 31 larger Diameter is completed, the part of the piezo actuator 32 is and also by one in the coupling space arranged spring 49, 65 (see Figures 3 and 6) with the Piezo actuator can be non-positively coupled. The Coupling space 30 is used due to the different Piston surfaces of the two pistons 25 and 31 as Translator room by having a small stroke of the Piezo actuator piston 31 in a larger stroke of that Control valve 21 actuating piston 25 translated. at Excitation of the piezo actuator, with which in principle only small Actuation paths can be achieved with one translated travel of the piston 25 adjusted and that Lifted valve member 22 from its seat 20. That has one Relief of the control pressure chamber, which in turn Opening the valve needle 3 causes. At the work of the Control valve and the pressure ratio occur in the Coupling space 30 very high pressures. In spite of this Load of the enclosed pressure medium does not become one Loss of filling due to leakage along the To let piston guides come and around too Changes in filling due to volume change of the liquid in the Coupling space 30 is to be compensated for in the event of temperature changes a filling valve 33 is provided, which to the coupling space 30 is connected.

Im einzelnen ist dieses Befüllungsventil 33 bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Figur 2 so gestaltet, daß der Kolben 25 als Stufenkolben ausgebildet ist, dessen im Durchmesser kleinerer Kolbenteil 34 in der Führungsbohrung 28 dicht geführt ist und stirnseitig dem Kopplungsraum 30 begrenzt und über eine Schulter, die einen Ventilsitz 35 für das Befüllungsventil 33 bildet in einen im Durchmesser größeren Kolbenteil 78 übergeht, der in den Federraum 18 eintaucht. Ein Schließkörper 37 des Befüllungsventils 33 wird von einem in einer sich an die Führunsbohrung anschließeneden Bohrung 80 im Ventilhäuse 1 dicht geführten Kolbenring gebildet, der zur Seite des Ventils 21 hin eine als Dichfläche 36 ausgebildete Stirnfläche hat, die kegelig ausgebildet ist und eine ringförmige Dichtkante 38 hat, die auf dem Ventilsitz 35 zur Anlage kommt. Zwischen der inneren Mantelfläche des Schließkörpers 37 und dem Kolbenteil 34 ist ein Abstand vorgesehen.In detail, this filling valve 33 is in the Embodiment of Figure 2 designed so that the Piston 25 is designed as a stepped piston, the in Diameter of smaller piston part 34 in the guide bore 28 is guided tightly and at the end of the coupling space 30 limited and over a shoulder that a valve seat 35 for the filling valve 33 forms one in diameter larger piston part 78 passes into the spring chamber 18th dips. A closing body 37 of the filling valve 33 is from one in one to the guide hole connecting bore 80 in valve housing 1 tightly guided Piston ring formed, one to the side of the valve 21 as a sealing surface 36 formed end face which is conical is formed and has an annular sealing edge 38 which comes to rest on the valve seat 35. Between the inner Shell surface of the closing body 37 and the piston part 34 is a distance is provided.

Über die Aktorführungsbohrung 39 und Führungsbohrung 28 des Kolbens 25 können vorallem bei Druckerhöhung im Kopplungsraum 30 Leckagen auftreten. Zwischen Aktorkolben 31 und der Aktorführungsbohrung 39 besteht ein führungsbedingter Leckageringspalt 79. Zwischen dem Federraum 18 und dem Kopplungsraum 30 besteht aber ferner z.B. über einen zwischen Führungsbohrung 28 und Kolbenteil 34 gebildeter Leckageringspalt 40 eine gewollte Lekageverbindung die, ein Befüllen des Kopplungsraumes 30 aus einem Steuerraum 41, über das Befüllungsventil 33 ermöglicht. Dazu ist das Befüllungsventil 33 als Rückschlagventil ausgebildet, indem der Schließkörper 37 durch eine Feder 42, die sich am Ventilgehäuse abstützt, auf den Ventilsitz 35 hin belastet wird.Via the actuator guide bore 39 and guide bore 28 of the Pistons 25 can especially when increasing pressure in Coupling space 30 leaks occur. Between actuator piston 31 and the actuator guide bore 39 is one leadership-related leakage ring gap 79. Between the Spring chamber 18 and the coupling chamber 30 also exist e.g. via a between the guide bore 28 and the piston part 34 formed leakage ring gap 40 a desired Lekageverbindung die, the filling of the coupling space 30th from a control room 41, via the filling valve 33 allows. For this purpose, the filling valve 33 as Check valve is formed by the closing body 37 by a spring 42, which is supported on the valve housing the valve seat 35 is loaded.

Wirkungsweiseoperation

Beim Öffnen des Steuerventils hebt der am Kolben 25 angebrachte Ventilsitz 35 ab und der Steuerraum 41 wird vom Leckölraum her gefüllt. Beim Schließen des Ventils drückt der Kolbenring 37 auf den Ventilsitz 35 und dichtet den Steuerraum 41 ab. Dabei entsteht im Steuerraum ein Überdruck, der durch die wählbare Steifigkeit des Steuerraumes 41 eingestellt werden kann. Der Überdruck bewirkt eine Leckage in der Leckageverbindung 40, die zum Kopplungsraum 30 hin gerichtet ist. Auf diese Weise wird dann der Kopplungsraum befüllt. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, daß der Kolbenring 37 beim Schließen des Befüllungsventils 33 als Schwingungsdämpfer wirkt.When the control valve is opened, it lifts on the piston 25 attached valve seat 35 and the control chamber 41 is from Leak oil chamber filled. Presses when closing the valve the piston ring 37 on the valve seat 35 and seals the Control room 41 onwards. This creates in the control room Overpressure, which is due to the selectable stiffness of the Control room 41 can be adjusted. The overpressure causes a leak in the leakage connection 40, which leads to Coupling space 30 is directed. That way then the coupling space is filled. Another advantage is that the piston ring 37 when the filling valve closes 33 acts as a vibration damper.

Die Figur 3 zeigt ein Befüllungsventil 43, das unmittelbar am Kopplungsraum 30 angeordnet ist. Hier hat ein Kolben 25 einen Kopf 44, dessen Unterseite als Schließkörper 45 des Befüllungsventils 43 ausgebildet ist. Ein für den Schließkörper 45 bestimmter Ventilsitz 46 ist fest am Gehäuse 26 vorgesehen. Er dient als Ventilanschlag. Zwei Führungsleckagen sind mit den Spalten 47 und 48 beim Kolben 25 und Aktorkolben 31 dargestellt. In den Kolben 25 ist ein Schaft 27 eines pilsförmigen Ventilgliedes 22 eingepresst, und eine Druckfeder 24 drückt den Kolben 25 gegen den Kopplungsraum 30, in dem zusätzlich noch eine Feder 49 angeordnet ist.Figure 3 shows a filling valve 43 that immediately is arranged on the coupling space 30. Here a piston has 25 a head 44 whose underside as the closing body 45 of the Filling valve 43 is formed. One for the closing body 45 certain valve seat 46 is fixed to the housing 26 intended. It serves as a valve stop. Two leadership leaks are with the columns 47 and 48 in the piston 25 and Actuator piston 31 shown. In the piston 25 is a shaft 27 of a pilsiform valve member 22, and a Compression spring 24 presses the piston 25 against the coupling space 30, in which a spring 49 is additionally arranged.

Wirkungsweiseoperation

Bei hohem Druck im Kopplungsraum 30 gelangt Flüssigkeit über die beiden die Kolben 25 und 31 führenden Verbindungen 47 und 48 nach außen. Beim nächsten Ventilhub muß die entstandene Leckage im Kopplungsraum 30 durch Wiederbefüllung ausgeglichen werden. Um die Leckage zu reduzieren, ist der Endanschlag zum Öffnen des Ventilgliedes 22 als fester Ventilsitz 46 im Gehäuse 26 eingebaut. Bei Hubende des Ventilgliedes 22 herrscht im Kopplungsraum 30 der höchste Druck. Dieser hohe Druck wird durch das Schließen des Befüllungsventils 43 abgedichtet. Bei der Befüllung des Kopplungsraumes 30 nach dem Ventilhub werden beide kolbenführenden Verbindungen 47 und 48 verwendet. An dem Aktorkolben 31 kann kein Dichtsitz angebracht werden, da der Kopplungsraum 30 den Längenausgleich für den Piezoaktor 32 darstellt.At high pressure in the coupling space 30, liquid passes over the two connections 47 leading the pistons 25 and 31 and 48 to the outside. The next time the valve is lifted, the resulting one Leakage in the coupling space 30 due to refilling be balanced. To reduce the leakage, the is End stop for opening the valve member 22 as a fixed Valve seat 46 installed in the housing 26. At the end of the stroke Valve member 22 is the highest in the coupling space 30 Print. This high pressure is caused by the closing of the Filling valve 43 sealed. When filling the Coupling space 30 after the valve lift both piston-leading Connections 47 and 48 used. On the actuator piston 31, a sealing seat cannot be attached because the Coupling space 30 the length compensation for the piezo actuator 32 represents.

Im Diagram nach der Figur 4 ist der Hub des Ventils über der Zeit T aufgetragen. Es ist dargestellt, daß in einem Bereich 50 beide Kolben 25 und 31 Leckage haben, in einem anschließenden Zeitraum 51 ist der Kolben 25 durch Schließen des Befüllungsventils 43 abgedichtet, während der Kolben 31 weiter leckt. In einem weiteren Bereich 52 lecken dann beide Kolben 25 und 31 wieder während in einem anschließenden Zeitraum 53 die Befüllung des Kopplungsraumes 30 stattfindet.In the diagram according to FIG. 4, the stroke of the valve is above the Time T is plotted. It is shown that in one area 50 both pistons 25 and 31 have leakage in one subsequent period 51, the piston 25 is closed of the filling valve 43 sealed while the piston 31st continues to leak. In a further area 52 both then leak Pistons 25 and 31 again while in a subsequent one Period 53 the filling of the coupling space 30 takes place.

Die in den Figuren 5 bis 9 dargestellten Einrichtungen gleichen sich alle dadurch, daß sie einen mit einer Durchgangsbohrung versehenen Kolben 25 haben und daß diese Durchgangsbohrung auf eine Seite des Kolbens 25 mit einem Befüllungsventil versehen sind. In der Figur 5 trägt ein auf der dem Kopplungsraum 30 abgekehrten Seite des Kolbens 25 angeordnetes Befüllungsventil die Bezugszahl 54. Es wird gebildet durch einen Ventilsitz 55 an einer Stirnfläche des Kolbens 25 und durch ein Schließglied 56 am Schaft 27, das lediglich durch eine entsprechend ausgebildete Stirnfläche des Schaftes 27 verstellt ist. Vorzugsweise ist der Kolben 25 an seiner Stirnfläche ballig mit einem flachen Radius ausgebildet um einen Winkelversatz vom Kolben 25 und Steuerventil 21 und deren Plananschlag auszugleichen. Schließlich ist der Kolben 25 auf seiner ganzen Länge mit einer Durchgangsbohrung 57 versehen, deren Ausmündung 58 zur Verringerung des Verschleißes (geringere Hertz'sche Pressung) im Durchmesser vergrößert ist, und in einer Leckflüssigkeitskammer 59 liegt.The devices shown in Figures 5 to 9 they are all alike in that they have one through hole provided piston 25 and that this Through hole on one side of the piston 25 with a Filling valve are provided. In Figure 5, one applies the side of the piston 25 facing away from the coupling space 30 arranged filling valve the reference number 54. It will formed by a valve seat 55 on an end face of the Piston 25 and by a closing member 56 on the shaft 27, the only by an appropriately trained end face the shaft 27 is adjusted. The piston is preferably 25 spherical on its end face with a flat radius formed by an angular offset from the piston 25 and Compensate control valve 21 and their plan stop. Finally, the piston 25 is along its entire length provided a through hole 57, the mouth 58 for Reduction of wear (lower Hertzian Compression) is enlarged in diameter, and in one Leakage liquid chamber 59 is located.

Der Öffnungsquerschnitt des Befüllungsventils 54 wird über das Steuerventil 21 selbst gesteuert, und zwar über den Schaft 27 des Steuervetils. Ist der Druck im Kopplungsraum 30 kleiner als unter dem Kolben 25, hebt der Kolben 25 ab und gibt die Durchgangsbohrung 57 frei. Es ist auch möglich, in den Kopplungsraum 30 eine schwache Feder einzusetzen, sowie es bei den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Figuren 6, 8 und 9 dargestellt ist, z.B. eine Federscheibe mit c = 1N/mm Federsteifigkeit und mit F = 0,5N Vorspannung. Eine solche Feder legt den Kolben 25 im nicht angesteuerten und druck-ausgeglichenen Zustand an den Schaft des Steuerventils 21 an. Die Vorspannkraft der Feder bestimmt dann den Differenzdruck, ab dem der Kolben 25 vom Schaft 27, der durch die Schließfeder 24 des Steuerventils 21 an seinen Ventilsitz 20 gehalten wird, abhebt. Der Vorteil dieser Bauweise liegt in einem sehr geringen Bauaufwand.The opening cross section of the filling valve 54 is about the control valve 21 itself controlled, via the Shaft 27 of the control valve. Is the pressure in the coupling space 30 smaller than under the piston 25, the piston 25 lifts off and releases the through hole 57. It is also possible, insert a weak spring into the coupling space 30, as well as it in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 6, 8 and 9, e.g. a spring washer with c = 1N / mm Spring stiffness and with F = 0.5N preload. Such Spring sets the piston 25 in the uncontrolled and pressure-balanced Condition on the stem of the control valve 21 on. The preload force of the spring then determines the Differential pressure from which the piston 25 of the shaft 27, the by the closing spring 24 of the control valve 21 on his Valve seat 20 is held, lifts off. The advantage of this Construction is in a very low cost.

Die Figur 6 zeigt eine Variante, bei der ein Befüllungsventil 60 direkt am Kopplungsraum 30 angeordnet ist. Auch hier ist der Kolben 25' auf seiner ganzen Länge mit einer Durchgangsbohrung 61 versehen, die auf ihre dem Kopplungsraum 30 abgekehrten Seite in einen in einer Leckflüssigkeitskammer 62 liegenden Kreuzschlitz 63 ausläuft (vgl. Figur 7) der von der Stirnseite des Schaftes 27 des Ventilgliedes 22 freigelassen wird. Der Kolben 25' hat ferner einen Außenbund 81, an seinem in die Leckflüssigkeitskammer tauchenden Ende, der den Kolben erlaubt, um ein geringes Spiel vom in Schließstellung befindlichen Schließglied 22 des Steuerventils 21 abzuheben, bevor er mit diesem Außenbund in Anlage an einer Stirnwand 82 der Leckflüssigkeitskammer gelangt.Figure 6 shows a variant in which a filling valve 60 is arranged directly on the coupling space 30. Also here is the piston 25 'along its entire length Through hole 61 provided on their the coupling space 30 facing away into one in a leakage liquid chamber 62 lying cross slot 63 (cf. Figure 7) of the front of the shaft 27 of the Valve member 22 is released. The piston 25 'has also an outer collar 81, on his in the Leakage chamber diving end of the piston allowed to play a little from the closed position lift off the closing member 22 of the control valve 21, before engaging with this outer waistband on a bulkhead 82 of the case drain chamber.

Das Befüllungsventil 60 hat einen hohlkegeligen Ventilsitz 66 an der oberen Ausmündung der Durchgangsbohrung 61. Mit diesem Ventilsitz 66 arbeitet eine Kugel als Schließkörper 67 zusammen, die der Kraft einer Feder 68 unterliegt die im Kopplungsraum 30 angeordnet ist und sich am Aktorkolben 31 abstützt. Ist der Druck unterhalb des Schließkörpers 67 größer als überhalb, hebt der Schließkörper nachdem der Kolben 25' mit seinem Außenbund 81 an der Stirnwand 82 zur Anlage gekommen ist, ab und es findet mit Öffnung der Durchgangsbohrung 61 zwischen Kopplungsraum und Leckflüssigkeitskammer 62 ein Druckausgleich statt. Um das Volumen des Kopplungsraumes 30 möglichst klein zu halten, wird der Kugel-Schließkörper 67 im Kolben abgesenkt. Um im Kopplungsraum 30 noch weiter Platz zu sparen kann ein Schließkörper 69 eines Befüllungsventils 70 auch lediglich als Kugelabschnitt ausgebildet sein, so wie es in der Figur 8 dargestellt ist. Bei flachem Ventilsitz-Winkel ist ein kleiner Bohrungsdurchmesser der Durchgangsbohrung notwendig. Deshalb ist bei der Ausführung nach der Figur 8 eine Durchgangsbohrung 71 direkt unterhalb des Schließkörpers 69 mit einer Verengung 72 versehen, unterhalb dieser ist die Durchgangsbohrung 71 wieder weiter.The filling valve 60 has a hollow conical valve seat 66 at the upper mouth of the through hole 61. With this valve seat 66, a ball works as a closing body 67 together, which is subject to the force of a spring 68 Coupling space 30 is arranged and on the actuator piston 31 supported. Is the pressure below the closing body 67 larger than above, the closing body lifts after the Piston 25 'with its outer collar 81 on the end wall 82 for Plant has come off and it takes place with the opening of the Through hole 61 between the coupling space and Leakage chamber 62 a pressure equalization instead. To do that To keep the volume of the coupling space 30 as small as possible, the ball closing body 67 is lowered in the piston. To im Coupling space 30 can save even more space Closing body 69 of a filling valve 70 also only be formed as a spherical section, as in the figure 8 is shown. With a flat valve seat angle is a Small bore diameter of the through bore necessary. Therefore, in the embodiment according to FIG. 8 there is a through hole 71 directly below the closing body 69 provided a constriction 72, below this is the Through hole 71 again.

Die Figur 9 zeigt, daß es auch möglich ist, ein Befüllungsventil 73 mit einer Kugel als Schließkörper 74 und mit einem Ventilsitz 75 am unteren Ende des Kolbens 25 vorzusehen. Eine Durchgangsbohrung trägt hier die Bezugszahl 76. Figure 9 shows that it is also possible to use a filling valve 73 with a ball as a closing body 74 and with a To provide valve seat 75 at the lower end of the piston 25. A through hole bears the reference number 76 here.

Bei einer solchen Bauart läßt sich im angesteuerten Zustand, also bei ansteigendem Druck im Kopplungsraum 30, ein sicheres Abdichten des Kopplungsraums 30 zur Leckflüssigkeitskammer 59 bzw. 62 hin und ein sicherer Ausgleich von Winkelversatz und Plananschlag erreichen. Ein prinzipieller Unterschied zu den vorgenannten Ausführungsbeispielen besteht jedoch darin, daß ein größerer Druck unterhalb des Schließkörpers 74 diesen an seinen Ventilsitz 75 preßt und damit keinen Druckausgleich zuläßt. Hier findet die Wiederbefüllung statt, wenn das Steuerventil 21 beim Schließvorgang auf seinen Ventilsitz 20 aufschlägt. Dann fliegt der Kolben 25 in folge seiner Masseträgheit weiter und gibt die Durchgangsbohrung 76 zum Kopplungsraum 30 frei.With this type of construction, when activated, that is, with increasing pressure in the coupling space 30 secure sealing of the coupling space 30 to the case drain chamber 59 and 62 back and a safe compensation of Reach angular misalignment and face stop. A principal Difference from the aforementioned exemplary embodiments is, however, that a greater pressure below the Closing body 74 presses this to its valve seat 75 and so that there is no pressure equalization. The refill takes place here instead of when the control valve 21 is closing hits its valve seat 20. Then it flies Piston 25 in succession to its inertia and gives the Through hole 76 to the coupling space 30 free.

Der gemeinsame Vorteil all dieser Varianten besteht darin, daß der Aufbau sehr einfach ist, wodurch eine große Funktionssicherheit geschaffen ist. Schließlich ist das Volumen des Kopplungsraumes 30 sehr klein, so daß eine hohe Kopplungsraum-Steifigkeit erreicht ist.The common advantage of all these variants is that that the structure is very simple, making it a big one Functional security is created. After all, that is Volume of the coupling space 30 is very small, so that a high Coupling space stiffness is reached.

Claims (18)

  1. Valve (22) for controlling fluids, having a valve element (21) acted upon by a compression spring (24) in the closing direction for contact on a valve seat (20), having a piston (25) provided for actuation of the valve element, which piston terminates, as a movable wall, a connecting space (30) filled with hydraulic pressure fluid, which connecting space is bounded on the other side by an actuator piston (31), of a piezo-actuator (32), whose working stroke can generate a pressure increase in the connecting space (30), by means of which actuator piston the piston (25) of the valve element (21) can be adjusted in the valve opening direction against the force of the compression spring (24), characterized in that the piston (25) is guided in a guide bore (28), between which and the outer surface of the piston (25) a leakage connection is formed which connects the connecting space (30) to a low-pressure space (18), which prepares and accommodates a hydraulic pressure fluid, and a filling valve (33, 43, 54, 60, 70, 73) is provided in a connection between the connecting space (30) and the low-pressure space (18), which filling valve (33, 43, 54, 60, 70, 73) is arranged on the piston (25) intended for actuating the valve element (22).
  2. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that a control space (41) is provided between the connecting space (30) and the filling valve (33), from which control space (41) the connecting space (30) can be topped up by means of the leakage connection (40).
  3. Valve according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the piston (25) is configured as a stepped piston (25), having a larger-diameter stepped piston part (78) and a smaller-diameter stepped piston part (34), which faces towards the connecting space (30) and has a shoulder located between the steps, which shoulder is a valve seat (35) for a closing body (37) of the filling valve (33), which closing body (37) is loaded by a spring (42) towards the valve seat (35).
  4. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the closing body of the filling valve (33) is formed by an end surface (36) of a piston ring (37) tightly guided on its outer surface in a bore (80) following on from the guide bore (28).
  5. Valve according to Claim 5, characterized in that the end surface (36) is conical and has a ring-shaped sealing edge (38).
  6. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the piston (25) is provided with a head (44) arranged in the connecting space (30), which head (44) is configured as the closing body (45) for the filling valve (43), which closing body interacts with the opening of the guide bore (28) into the connecting space (30).
  7. Valve according to Claim 6, characterized in that the piston (25) is firmly connected to the valve element (22) and is acted upon by the compression spring (24) towards the connecting space (30), by which means the filling valve is opened when the valve element (22) is in the closed position and is closed when the valve element (22) is opened.
  8. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the piston (25) is provided with a through-bore (57, 61, 71, 76), by means of which the connecting space (30) can be connected to a leakage fluid chamber (59, 62), and the opening of the through-bore on one of the end surfaces of the piston (25) is controlled by the filling valve (54, 60, 70, 73).
  9. Valve according to Claim 8, characterized in that the piston (25) has a sealing surface (55, 66, 75) of the filling valve (54, 60, 70, 73) on one of its end surfaces.
  10. Valve according to Claim 8, characterized in that the end surface has a hollow conical sealing surface (66, 75) surrounding the outlet of the through-bore, a closing body (67, 69, 74) of the filling valve (60, 70) being pressed by a spring (68) against the sealing surface (66, 75).
  11. Valve according to Claim 10, characterized in that the closing body (67, 74) is a ball.
  12. Valve according to Claim 10, characterized in that the closing body (69) is configured as a ball section.
  13. Valve according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the sealing surface (66) is arranged on the side of the piston (25) facing towards the connecting space (30).
  14. Valve according to Claim 11, characterized in that the sealing surface is arranged on the side of the piston (25) facing away from the connecting space (30).
  15. Valve according to either of Claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the spring is supported on the actuator piston (31).
  16. Valve according to Claim 9, characterized in that an opening (58) of the through-bore (57) into the leakage fluid chamber (59) is surrounded by the sealing surface which, as valve seat, interacts with the end surface of the valve element (22, 27) protruding into the leakage fluid chamber.
  17. Valve according to Claim 16, characterized in that the opening (58) of the through-bore (57) is increased in its diameter.
  18. Valve according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the sealing surface (56) is an end surface, with a crowned configuration, of the piston (25).
EP98111325A 1997-10-18 1998-06-19 Fluid control valve Expired - Lifetime EP0909891B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19746143A DE19746143A1 (en) 1997-10-18 1997-10-18 Valve for controlling liquids
DE19746143 1997-10-18

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0909891A1 EP0909891A1 (en) 1999-04-21
EP0909891B1 true EP0909891B1 (en) 2002-05-29

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Family Applications (1)

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EP98111325A Expired - Lifetime EP0909891B1 (en) 1997-10-18 1998-06-19 Fluid control valve

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US (1) US6142443A (en)
EP (1) EP0909891B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11241781A (en)
DE (2) DE19746143A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11241781A (en) 1999-09-07
EP0909891A1 (en) 1999-04-21
DE19746143A1 (en) 1999-04-22
DE59804229D1 (en) 2002-07-04
US6142443A (en) 2000-11-07

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