EP0908671B1 - Verfahren zur Verbrennung von gasförmigen, flüssigen sowie mittel-oder niederkalorischen Brennstoffen in einem Brenner - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Verbrennung von gasförmigen, flüssigen sowie mittel-oder niederkalorischen Brennstoffen in einem Brenner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0908671B1 EP0908671B1 EP19970810752 EP97810752A EP0908671B1 EP 0908671 B1 EP0908671 B1 EP 0908671B1 EP 19970810752 EP19970810752 EP 19970810752 EP 97810752 A EP97810752 A EP 97810752A EP 0908671 B1 EP0908671 B1 EP 0908671B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- swirl generator
- fuel
- medium
- burner
- swirl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details
- F23D11/40—Mixing tubes; Burner heads
- F23D11/402—Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
- F23D17/002—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
- F23D2209/10—Flame flashback
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the combustion of Fuels in a burner with a swirl generator according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a burner for Implementation of the method in accordance with the general concept of claim 7.
- Burner systems for a heat generator are preferred for gas turbine operation designed.
- fuels for Dual burners are used, also preferably medium or low calorific To use fuels (Mbtu or LBtu fuels) that are as it were conventional Fuels should be burned with low emissions.
- Mbtu resp. LBtu fuels for example as gases from coal or heavy oil gasification originate, have large amounts of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the ' The calorific value of MBtu fuels is only about a third - about 15 MJlkg - of which of natural gas.
- a generic burner is known from document DE-A1-44 09 918 or from EP-A1-0 610 722 to operate a combustion chamber, of which the invention, as in the preamble of the independent Claims is characterized, goes out.
- a premix burner is also known from the document EP-A2-0 777 082, which from the aspect optimized flow conditions.
- the invention is based on the idea of using gaseous fuels, for example Natural gas, liquid fuels such as petroleum, as well as medium or low calorific Fuels, so-called Mbtu resp. LBtu fuels in one burner burn together with a swirl generator by the latter Fuel is injected axially and / or coaxially into the burner or swirl generator. These fuels are preferably injected into the interior of the swirl generator near the injector for the liquid fuel that injected in State within the swirl generator or burner the shape of a conical Liquid fuel column. This ensures that in addition to the finely atomized liquid fuel inside the swirl generator injected medium or low calorific fuels sufficiently well this is mixed.
- gaseous fuels for example Natural gas, liquid fuels such as petroleum, as well as medium or low calorific Fuels, so-called Mbtu resp. LBtu fuels in one burner burn together with a swirl generator by the latter Fuel is injected axially and / or coaxially into the burner or swirl generator.
- the feeding of medium or low calorific fuels upstream in the area of the liquid fuel injector also leads to a good mixing with the injected fuels and with the combustion air flow injected into the swirl generator.
- the long mixing section leads to premix combustion, which has comparable good NO x emission values that can be achieved with natural gas premix combustion.
- the burner according to the invention which is used to carry out the invention Method is designed as an extension to that described in the above German published patent application DE 195 47 913 A1 described dual burner view and points in addition to the fuel systems according to the invention for natural gas and liquid fuel, a third fuel system for feeding a medium or low calorie fuel in the swirl generator. So it ends preferably near the area of the central injector through which liquid fuel is injected into the interior of the swirl generator through the swirl shells of the swirl generator, through which medium or low calorie Fuel is injected into the interior of the swirl generator and atomized. The injection of the medium respectively. low-calorific fuel takes place axially and / or coaxially with the injection of the liquid fuel or to the axis of symmetry of the swirl generator. Medium or low calorific gas can come from coal or heavy oil gasification be won.
- the burner shown in Fig. 1 consists of a swirl generator 1 and one Mixing section 2, which adjoins the swirl generator 1 in the direction of flow.
- a conical structure that is tangential several times from a tangentially flowing combustion air flow 3 (see Fig. 2) is applied.
- Shape and shape of the swirl generator 1 and by the shape of the swirl generator-generated flow is detailed in the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 195 47 913 A1 with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 to which express reference is made here.
- the formation of the swirl generator 1 adjacent mixing section 2 which consists of a transition piece 21 with transition channels 22 and a directly adjacent transition tube 23 is.
- the mention of these burner components is only for the complete Representation of the burner unit for feeding in the combustion process required fuels.
- an injection nozzle 4 for the introduction of liquid fuel into the interior of the Swirl generator 1 is provided.
- Feed lines 5 are coaxial around the injection nozzle 4 the supply of medium or low calorific fuel is provided (see arrow representations), which penetrate the swirl generator shells 6, 7.
- Via appropriate injection nozzles 8 also arrives at the air flow which forms inside the swirl generator 1 (not shown in Fig. 1) finely divided medium or low calorific fuel axially or coaxially in the swirl generator 1 and mixes with it.
- feed lines 9 are provided for the gaseous fuel tangentially from the outside together with the combustion air flow into the swirl generator 1 is fed (see Fig. 2).
- the additional coaxial feed compared to the prior art medium or low calorie fuel leads to an increase in the axial component of the Flow that after passage through the transition piece 21, in the preferably the transition channels 22 are introduced, and after passing through the mixing tube 23 leads to the so-called "swirl breakdown” (backflow bubble), which occurs at known dual burners in the area of the combustion chamber 10 in the immediate vicinity the mixing tube 23 forms, is literally blown away.
- a highly efficient feeding of the medium or low calorific fuel is preferably carried out by coaxially introduced into the swirl generator shells 6, 6 ', 7, 7' Fuel nozzle openings.
- Medium or low calorific fuel is injected via one or more injection nozzles 8 per swirl generator shell 6, 6 ', 7, 7'.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a swirl generator 1 designed according to the invention.
- the injection nozzle 4 for liquid fuel is provided, around which several swirl generator shells 6, 6 ', 7, 7' are arranged.
- Combustion air 3 is introduced tangentially into the interior of the swirl generator 1 tangentially between the respectively adjacent swirl generator shells 6, 6 ', 7, 7', which is mixed with natural gas with the aid of separate feed lines 9 with corresponding inlet nozzles.
- the swirl generator shells 6, 6 ', 7, 7' are each penetrated by an injection nozzle 8 for medium or low-calorific fuel.
- a plurality of injection nozzles 8 can also be provided per swirl generator shell 6, 6 ', 7, 7', so that the amount of medium or low-calorific fuel fed coaxially into the burner can be varied over wide ranges.
- the addition of nitrogen or water vapor is dispensed with in order to reduce the NO x emissions. This has the advantage that the deterioration in the efficiency of the entire gas turbine plant associated with the dilution is avoided.
- Medium or low-calorific gas can be obtained from coal or heavy oil gasification.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
Description
- 1
- Drallerzeuger
- 2
- Mischstrecke
- 21
- Übergangsstück
- 22
- Übergangskanal
- 23
- Übergangsrohr, Mischrohr
- 3
- Verbrennungsluft
- 4
- Einspritzdüse f. flüssigen Brennstoff
- 4'
- kegelförmige Flüssigbrennstoffsäule
- 5
- Zuleitung f. mittelkalorischen Brennstoff
- 6,6',7,7'
- Drallerzeugerschalen
- 8
- Einspritzdüse f. mittelkalorischen Brennstoff
- 9
- Zuleitung f. gasförmigen Brennstoff
- 10
- Brennkammer
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Verbrennung von gasförmigen, flüssigen, sowie von mittel- oder niederkalorischen Brennstoffen in einem Brenner mit einem Drallerzeuger (1), in dem ein flüssiger Brennstoff zentral zerstäubt wird und sich in Form einer kegelförmigen Flüssigbrennstoffsäule (4') innerhalb des Drallerzeugers (1) ausbreitet, die von einem tangential in den Drallerzeuger (1) einströmenden rotierenden Verbrennungsluftstrom (3) umschlossen wird, in dem zusätzlich ein gasförmiger und/oder flüssiger Brennstoff eingedüst wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
innerhalb des Drallerzeugers (1) ein mittel- oder niederkalorischer Brennstoff axial und/oder koaxial zur Achse des Drallerzeugers (1) eingedüst wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der mittel- oder niederkalorische Brennstoff unverdünnt ohne Zugabe von Zusatzstoffen eingedüst wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
innerhalb des Drallerzeugers (1) der eingedüste mittel- oder niederkalorische Brennstoff mit dem flüssigen und gasförmigen Brennstoff sowie der Verbrennungsluft (3) vermischt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das sich axial im Brenner ausbreitende Strömungsfeld bestehend aus Brennstoffen und Verbrennungsluft (3) eine derart große axiale Strömungskomponente aufweist, daß dadurch eine Flammenrückschlaggefahr vermindert bzw. vermieden wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
mittel- oder niederkalorischer Brennstoff Gas ist und bei der Kohle- oder Schwerölvergasung hergestellt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der mittel- oder niederkalorische Brennstoff beim Eindüsen in den Drallerzeuger zerstäubt wird. - Brenner für einen Wärmeerzeuger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, mit einem Drallerzeuger (1) für einen Verbrennungsluftstrom (3) und Mitteln zur Eindüsung von Brennstoffen, mit wenigstens einer ersten Eindüsungsvorrichtung (4) für flüssigen Brennstoff, der zentral in dem Drallerzeuger (1) zerstäubt wird und sich in Form einer kegelförmigen Flüssigbrennstoffsäule (4') im Drallerzeuger (1) ausbreitet, sowie wenigstens einer zweiten Eindüsungsvorrichtung (9) für gasförmigen undloder flüssigen Brennstoff, der zusammen mit dem Verbrennungsluftstrom (3) tangential in den Drallerzeuger (1) eingedüst wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
in dem Drallerzeuger (1) mindestens eine dritte Eindüsungsvorrichtung (8) vorgesehen ist, durch die axial und/oder koaxial zur Achse des Drallerzeugers (1) mittel- oder niederkalorischer Brennstoff in das Innere des Drallerzeugers (1) einbringbar ist. - Brenner nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die dritte Eindüsungsvorrichtung (8) stromauf im Drallerzeuger (1) vorgesehen ist. - Brenner nach Anspruch 7 oder 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Drallerzeuger (1) aus einzelnen Drallschalen (6.6',7,7') besteht und die mindestens eine dritte Eindüsungsvorrichtung (8) zur Eindüsung des mittel- oder niederkalorischen Brennstoffes an den Drallschalen (6,6',7,7') befestigt ist. - Brenner nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
pro Drallschale (6,6',7,7') mehrere dritte Eindüsungsvorrichtungen (8) vorgesehen sind.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19970810752 EP0908671B1 (de) | 1997-10-08 | 1997-10-08 | Verfahren zur Verbrennung von gasförmigen, flüssigen sowie mittel-oder niederkalorischen Brennstoffen in einem Brenner |
| DE59710093T DE59710093D1 (de) | 1997-10-08 | 1997-10-08 | Verfahren zur Verbrennung von gasförmigen, flüssigen sowie mittel-oder niederkalorischen Brennstoffen in einem Brenner |
| CNB981245854A CN1154799C (zh) | 1997-10-08 | 1998-10-07 | 在燃烧器中燃烧气态液态以及中卡路里或低卡路里燃料的方法 |
| JP28641498A JP4155638B2 (ja) | 1997-10-08 | 1998-10-08 | バーナ内でガス状、液状並びに中カロリー又は低カロリーの燃料を燃焼する方法と該方法を実施するための熱発生器用のバーナ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19970810752 EP0908671B1 (de) | 1997-10-08 | 1997-10-08 | Verfahren zur Verbrennung von gasförmigen, flüssigen sowie mittel-oder niederkalorischen Brennstoffen in einem Brenner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0908671A1 EP0908671A1 (de) | 1999-04-14 |
| EP0908671B1 true EP0908671B1 (de) | 2003-05-14 |
Family
ID=8230421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19970810752 Expired - Lifetime EP0908671B1 (de) | 1997-10-08 | 1997-10-08 | Verfahren zur Verbrennung von gasförmigen, flüssigen sowie mittel-oder niederkalorischen Brennstoffen in einem Brenner |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0908671B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4155638B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1154799C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59710093D1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006058843A1 (de) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-08 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verbrennung von wasserstoff in einem vormischbrenner |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19859829A1 (de) | 1998-12-23 | 2000-06-29 | Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag | Brenner zum Betrieb eines Wärmeerzeugers |
| FR2792393B1 (fr) * | 1999-04-16 | 2001-06-29 | Pillard Chauffage | Bruleur a plusieurs combustibles |
| DE59907942D1 (de) | 1999-07-22 | 2004-01-15 | Alstom Switzerland Ltd | Vormischbrenner |
| EP1070915B1 (de) * | 1999-07-22 | 2004-05-19 | ALSTOM Technology Ltd | Vormischbrenner |
| US6769903B2 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2004-08-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method for operating a burner and burner with stepped premix gas injection |
| DE10029607A1 (de) * | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-20 | Alstom Power Nv | Brenner mit gestufter Vormischgas-Eindüsung |
| DE10064259B4 (de) | 2000-12-22 | 2012-02-02 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Brenner mit hoher Flammenstabilität |
| US6986311B2 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2006-01-17 | Joel Vatsky | Burner system and method for mixing a plurality of solid fuels |
| EP1568942A1 (de) * | 2004-02-24 | 2005-08-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vormischbrenner sowie Verfahren zur Verbrennung eines niederkalorischen Brenngases |
| EP1614967B1 (de) * | 2004-07-09 | 2016-03-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vormischverbrennungssystem |
| US9593625B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2017-03-14 | Nigel A. Buchanan | Internal combustion engines |
| CN102563646B (zh) * | 2012-02-08 | 2014-05-07 | 王爱洁 | 低热值气体燃料燃烧装置 |
| JP6769370B2 (ja) | 2017-03-27 | 2020-10-14 | 株式会社Ihi | 燃焼装置及びガスタービン |
| DE102018114870B3 (de) | 2018-06-20 | 2019-11-28 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Brennersystem und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Heißgas in einer Gasturbinenanlage |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4859173A (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1989-08-22 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Low BTU gas staged air burner for forced-draft service |
| RU2079049C1 (ru) * | 1991-04-25 | 1997-05-10 | Сименс А.Г. | Устройство горелки |
| DE4304213A1 (de) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-08-18 | Abb Research Ltd | Brenner zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine, einer Brennkammer einer Gasturbogruppe oder Feuerungsanlage |
| DE4409918A1 (de) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-09-28 | Abb Management Ag | Brenner zum Betrieb einer Brennkammer |
| DE19545036A1 (de) * | 1995-12-02 | 1997-06-05 | Abb Research Ltd | Vormischbrenner |
| DE19547913A1 (de) | 1995-12-21 | 1997-06-26 | Abb Research Ltd | Brenner für einen Wärmeerzeuger |
-
1997
- 1997-10-08 DE DE59710093T patent/DE59710093D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-08 EP EP19970810752 patent/EP0908671B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-10-07 CN CNB981245854A patent/CN1154799C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-08 JP JP28641498A patent/JP4155638B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006058843A1 (de) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-08 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verbrennung von wasserstoff in einem vormischbrenner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4155638B2 (ja) | 2008-09-24 |
| JPH11190504A (ja) | 1999-07-13 |
| EP0908671A1 (de) | 1999-04-14 |
| DE59710093D1 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
| CN1214430A (zh) | 1999-04-21 |
| CN1154799C (zh) | 2004-06-23 |
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