EP0991345B1 - Upholstery or support with expansible cells - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a support or upholstery comprising expansible cells whereof the inoperative cell body in transverse cross-section is individually delimited by at least two concentric perimeters, the inoperative cell walls joining each of the perimeters are characterised in that the cell wall portion joining two points each located on one of the concentric perimeters (6 and 7) can be strictly in a straight line on its centripetal travel, if between two other points (28) at the opening of the successive chinks, slots or breaks (4) located on the outer perimeter the path followed takes on at least over a certain length the aspect of a strictly straight line or flat surface (29); one of the two last points (28) being the same as the first located on the outer perimeter (7) at the junction or exit of a chink; all the points constituting this flat surface (29) being more distant or distal relative to the cell centre (24) than the other points, outside the flat surface (29), constituting the cover (7) on its travel between two points (28) located at the successive chink (4) junction.

Description

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The subject of the present invention is a support which can be used mattress, cushion or padding consisting of cells, in the form of balloons or cells inflated by a fluid, whether or not connected together by the base so to form the same fluid volume entity whose nature is defined according to needs and contained in different cells, which are arranged in such a way that their number or density per unit of support surface either as low as possible, while offering the most uniform support surface adapting to the shape of the body supported, once correctly completed.

This support can be used for medical use such as anti-decubitus mattresses and cushions and padding protection, in particular such as dorso-lumbar supports or for fragile products.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY

These types of support are already known in principle which is to marry at the level of their support face what they must endure by offering the same reaction whatever the degree of depression in the support by the play of the isopression thanks to inter-communicating cells; such as described by JAY on cushions in US 47266624, US 5018790 and US 5369829 where an envelope consisting of sheets assembled on the same plane and oversized, containing gel, is placed on a more shaped seat small size, this envelope includes compartments longitudinal and transverse communicating with each other so that during sitting there is isopression of the fluid contained in each delimited compartment, the appearance of this envelope in place corresponds to sausages longitudinal and transverse raised relative to the average elevation of the joint plane of this envelope, with for defects the presence of numerous folds which obstruct the cutaneous blood circulation.

We know the bed described by HINSDALE in US 945234 whose mattress has round section balloons arranged in staggered so that the top of these balloons be bearing and offering the most pressure uniform over the entire support face. The balloons are swollen with static air, possibly circulating, and all communicate with each other through their base through a network of pipes so as to form a single aerial entity so that the contained air pressure is identical in all balloons.

In WO 96/08185, Ottiger describes pressure regulation in an air mattress thanks to the presence of a compensation. In EP 0651 959A1, Tödter describes a support to bellows cells. In EP 0606 162A2, Kawasaki describes a support with non-expandable square section cells located on both sides (top and bottom) of the joint plane, the support comprising spacers at the intersection of rows. Iskra in US 5487197 describes a support regulated at non-expandable long air cells. In WO 96/19997, Holdredge describes a support with turbine comprising including non-expandable air bags, Caldwell in WO 93/24089, Johnson in WO 94/19998 (US 5373595) and Evans in WO 95/15706 describe regulated chamber supports elongated aerials. In EP 0566 507A1, Beaud describes a support with inflatable elements formed of two sheets, characterized by an internal wall on the joint plane of the two sheets. In JP 07000257. Yamamoto Giichi describes a anti-vibration cushion with cells for conductors vehicles. In JP 04030814 and JP 04030813, Sagami Masaharu describes the operation of air cell mattresses.

In JP 03039105, Hiochi Toshimichi describes the regulation of a fluid (air or water) in a support. The downside of support with regulation or dynamic assistance is to be expensive, without rejecting the possible use of assisted supports; the present invention makes it possible to operate the support without assistance as in some of the aforementioned media, in particular of HINSDALE, GRAEBE, BENGUIGUI or VIESTURS. In addition some medical supports have the disadvantage of promoting the effect of hammock that causes skin shearing and poor vascularization; for example for the Hinsdale mattress in the case of anti-decubitus use this harmful effect would be removed by removing the top cover or by replacing with a very stretchy "jersey" type fabric.

Patent GB 1341325 describes a mattress which is substantially identical in principle, inflated with air with a turbine as DOUGLAS also describes it in US 4279044.

In JP 05084123, Ichida Michiyasu describes a system of regulation in a frustoconical cell mattress.

An improvement of such supports is composed of balloons or conical cells and described by GRAEBE in US3605145 with communication channels in the base of the cells defined by the assembly of two sheets. Then GRAEBE describes thereafter cells whose cross section is in the shape of a star which allow the expansion of the wall of inflated balloons of fluid beyond and relative to the position and the volume they occupy deflated at rest. We can thus arrange these balloons or cells on their base in transverse or longitudinal rows while having after filling or inflating a uniform bearing surface, which would not be the case with balloons such as described by HINSDALE in US 945234 if they were arranged in longitudinal and transverse rows. The invention of GRAEBE on the expansion of cells was the subject in 1975 and 1977 of US3870450 and US4005236 divisional patents, where he describes the mold for making a support and this support identical to the previous one, from US Pat. No. 3,605,145, in its principle which is characterized by the fact that cells expand and communicate with each other from the bottom up in channels defined by the assembly of two sheets, one upper shaped the other flat lower just like it describes a cushion in the American patent design D355558. Deflated cells at rest may be contained in a virtual envelope of square round section rectangular, uniform or not from top to bottom of the cell with or without base (US 3605145 and US 3870450), as noted also by EVANS in US 4864671, the inflation fluid being indifferent. The inter-cell communication system has was also described by VIESTURS with a liquid in US 4422194, on a square cell support, optionally composed of shaped leaves located on the side and the other from the parting line. SEBAG and BENGUIGUI in US 5553220 (EP 0721755A1) describe a variant of cell with four branches or wings with parallel walls, lateral depressions of contiguous cells facing each other, they use the distribution grid of FR 2707873.

ROUSCHAL in DE-U-9410601 describes cells, but mainly a communication system between cells based on collage, top sheet shaped and lower plane, exclusively on the periphery of the support.

GRAEBE also described in US 4541136 a form of cell simple with only four branches like a half bladder, deflated leather soccer ball, the cross section is in the form of a cross; the four branches of the star, or cross, of GRAEBE ending at the four corners of a square. In the prior art the walls or faces of two of the mandrel wings and therefore wings of the cells are noticeably close and parallel: US 4,005,236 (col 3, line 13: radially directed ribs) and US 4,541,136 (claim 2: pair of closely spaced side walls). EVANS in US 4864671 calls these wings "ridges" and uses the term "folds" for side walls of the cell where GRAEBE in US 4541136 uses "depressed side walls". Additionally in US 4,005,603 and US 5052068, Graebe broadly describes forms of cells of different sections which show that the wing shapes, more or less numerous, cells do not are not described except by their radial arrangement in US 4005236 and with two parallel walls or faces in US 4541136 as indicated previously: as we will see in the description of the present invention the difference and the advantage conferred by this one is also demonstrated by comparison of the forms of the forms of the wings of art anterior to two sides and the shape of the wings resulting from the invention. This simple form, apart from its mechanical characteristics assumed to be different from cells with several branches or wings described above by GRAEBE, essentially allows for easier manufacturing male mandrels for the cells, by molding between two shells possibly, the joint plane of the two shells passing through the sagittal axis of the cell the principle of two-shell molding that can be applied to any other produces only aluminum, preferably each shell metallic casting a complete branch or mandrel wing and one side of the two adjacent adjacent branches, just like for the cell described in US 5553220 and in this case the "Joint plane" of the two mold shells is not plane but adopts a "Z" shape thus avoiding a molding sand from the chucks often made of aluminum, necessary for the production of supports such as cushions; this shape in cross with four branches is the only one which allows to realize in one piece the male dipping mandrel with two rigid shells, instead of four, indeed for a cell with three branches you need three shells and five branches need five shells; sand molding of aluminum chucks are inexpensive, but the condition of surface is rough; some lost mold casts are perfect but expensive; the manufacture of the mandrels of cell by machining is very expensive: the molding of a complete cell mandrel: top, body, foot can be make in flexible elastomer molds from a single room; we can also carry out the extrusion of the body and assemble with the top and the foot. Communication of cells between them taking up the description which is in the public domain. On the same principle of GRAEBE isopression filed patent US4698864, application WO 94/10881, the US patent 5163196 and US patent 5502855, GRAEBE in US 5369828 describes cells of pyramidal shape not expandable, as well as in US 5551107 and US 5561875; But also in WO 93/16622 describing a cell cushion with a shaped seat, in WO 96/12426 where the cells are obtained by thermoforming and in WO 96/14004 with a modular seat, Graebe having originally described a support with square cells in US 5152023. Graebe in the same mind that JAY, previously cited for three patents among his many others, described cell cushions intercommunicating and / or their seat in US 4953913, the PCT / US / 9310626 application published on May 26, 1994 (base in foam swollen with water), in D342411 and D367199. EVANS in US 4864671 describes cells in the shape of a Christmas tree expandable like a square section accordion. In WO 96/33686, BOSSHARD describes a support with swollen cells of a fluid fitted with a safety system by detection of pressure. Another cushion on the principle of isopression known for some time, is marketed under the name "DOMINO" by CHINESPORT in UDINE in Italy, in the range of their “antidecubito” supports, it presents itself with cells which are made up of four semi-spherical cylinders at the upper end of the bearing face and joined longitudinally four by four to form a non-expandable cell and which according to the documentation avoids seasickness by limiting the lateral movement of cells.

In PCT / DK93 / 00069 published September 2, 1993, RASMUSSEN describes a packaging element made of vegetable fiber which seems to have the advantage of being inexpensive, but not reusable. In WO 93/00845, COLVIN describes a structure damping composite comprising cells frustoconical or polygonal tires which has the advantage to be reusable.

In US 5243722, GUSAKOV describes an assembly of cells swollen with fluid having symmetry with respect to median joint plane.

These various supports have the respective disadvantages following major: either the impossibility of expansion of cells beyond the volume they occupy when they are deflated, which requires a provision in stagger, either leave free space for longitudinal and transverse alignments of cells not expandable or to an expansion limited by the perimeter of the cell in the GRAEBE supports and with a even more limited expansion at the angles with the cells with four branches ending at the level of the four angles of a square, a relative complexity to describe ill-defined cells.

Finally ROUX in the French application FR-A-2 736 812 has a description of the cells of a cell support intercommunicating which has the major disadvantage of not define nothing for cells with many wings and above all small cells up to three or four centimeters of section which is annoying considering this that all the sharp angles as mentioned in this further description are for practical necessities rounded. Furthermore the principle of the present invention describes its advantages and differences compared to cells with parallel-walled wings and cells of unusual shapes, not defined by Graebe in US 4005236 and US 5052068 as we will discuss in the description to follow.

Note that Graebe in US 4005236 and US 5052068 has describes multi-winged cell shapes outside the common and not defined apart from what results of his invention described in US 4541136 and redescribed for part in US 5052068; Roux in his application FR-A-2 736 812 a describes one after the other different forms, without be able to define as in the present invention of overall advantages and differences irrefutable compared to the prior art.

The present invention proposes to provide solutions to overcome the drawbacks of known methods previously.

Consequently, this invention relates to the design of mattresses, cushions, padding for medical use, packaging reusable of fragile products, system and support antivibration with expandable cells composed in particular of a generally flexible upper sheet comprising expandable, intercommunicating or no, capable of expansion when filled with a fluid, a cell at rest viewed in cross section at body level is bounded by at least two perimeters indoor and outdoor partly virtual, concentric inscribed on envelopes of indifferent shape: square, pentagonal, octagonal, circular, irregular; where the cracks, faults or crevices consist essentially of walls: more or less substantially close, parallel or no, with undercut or undercut; straight, concave, convex or broken; connecting the outer perimeter to interior perimeter for example adoption mainly from a broken line to join the periphery to the central zone of the ballonet or cell conferring a definite advantage characterized in that the portion of the cell wall joining two points located each on one of the perimeters can be strictly online right under condition.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:

• La figure 1 est une vue 3/4 plongeante d' une feuille supérieure constituée de cellules expansées sensiblement identiques, telles celles des figures 6.7.9.10.11.
• figure 2: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos en étoile à huit branches.
• figure 3: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement circulaire et semi octogonale, huit crevasses de formes différentes à distribution aléatoire comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 4a: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à quatre branches se terminant aux quatre coins d' un carré selon principalement l'art antérieur.
• figure 4b: vue en détail d' une aile de cellule expansible selon l' art antérieur et l' actuelle invention.
• figure 5: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement carrée comprenant quatre crevasses sur les quatre faces latérales de ce carré comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 6: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement carrée comprenant quatre crevasses sur les diagonales de ce carré comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 7: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement carrée comprenant quatre crevasses sur les diagonales de ce carré, les crevasses ayant des parois non parallèles,plus larges à l'extrémité distale de la cellule ou dépouille comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 8: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement octogonale comprenant huit crevasses sur les huit faces latérales de cet octogone et deux périmètres concentriques intérieurs comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 9: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement circulaire comprenant quatre crevasses comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 10: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement: carrée comprenant quatre crevasses sur les diagonales de ce carré, les crevasses ayant des parois non parallèles, plus larges à l' extrémité proximale du centre de la cellule ou contre dépouille comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 11: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement circulaire comprenant quatre crevasses avec dépouille comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 12: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos en forme d' étoile à cinq branches se terminant aux cinq coins d' un pentagone.
• figure 13: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement pentagonale comprenant cinq crevasses sur les cinq faces latérales de ce pentagone comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 14: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement pentagonale comprenant cinq crevasses sur les cinq faces latérales de ce pentagone, trois faces ayant une forme d' arc continu sur trois sections comprises entre quatre crevasses, les deux autres étant planes comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 15a: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement carrée comprenant cinq crevasses dont deux sur deux demi diagonales de ce carré aux extrémités de la même face, une crevasse sur le milieu de la face latérale opposée à celle comprise entre les deux crevasses disposées sur les demi diagonales les deux dernières crevasses étant disposées sur l' enveloppe extérieure sensiblement au deux tiers sur les deux dernières faces, entre les trois premières comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 15b: vue en détail d' une aile de cellule possédant au minimum trois faces.
• figure 16: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement pentagonale comprenant dix crevasses dont cinq crevasses sur les 5 faces latérales de ce pentagone, les cinq autres aux cinq sommets de ce pentagone et deux périmètres concentriques intérieurs comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 17: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement circulaire comprenant cinq crevasses comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 18: vue 3/4 plongeante d' un support composé d' une feuille supérieure constituée de cellules expansées sensiblement identiques, telles celles des figures 6.7.9.10.11 et assemblée à une feuille inférieure
• figure 19: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement carrée comprenant cinq crevassés dont deux sur deux demi diagonales de ce carré aux extrémités de la même face, une crevasse sur le milieu de la face latérale opposée à celle comprise entre les deux crevasses disposées sur les demi diagonales, les deux dernières crevasses étant disposées sur l' enveloppe extérieure sensiblement au deux tiers, sur les deux dernières faces, entre les trois premières; ces deux crevasses étant chacune composée d' une face concave et d'une face convexe; comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.
• figure 20: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à quatre branches se terminant aux quatre coins d' un carré selon l' art antérieur dont les ailes sont les plus fines possible, sans méplat sur la périphérie de la cellule.
• figure 21: section vue en coupe transversale des parois du corps d'une cellule au repos à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement carrée comprenant quatre crevasses sur les quatre faces latérales de ce carré dont les crevasses sont les plus étroites possible; comportant au minimum autant de méplats sur le périmètre extérieur que de crevasses.

A padding or support according to the invention is defined in claims 1 and 16, other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description given below, as well as from the appended drawings which illustrate the exemplary embodiments devoid of any limiting nature. For convenience, we will consider that the lines of the drawings in the sectional figures correspond to the material of the cell; in order to take account of the descriptions known from the prior art, the spaces contained and delimited by these lines can correspond to mandrels or male molds, the spaces outside the limits of the lines of drawings can correspond to female molds. The dotted lines as well as the points marking the section of the longitudinal axes do not constitute matter and serve to show the limits of the partially virtual envelopes of the cells seen in cross section most often in the description at the level of the body of the cell. or to position the cell or its elements relative to its longitudinal axis. When in the description a cell at rest is mentioned, this means that it has the position and shape that it occupies when it is in position on the mold before demolding; the cell therefore being able to be at rest when the support is assembled: the cell at rest of an assembled support is considered to be filled with a fluid whose volume is equal to the volume of the male mandrel used for its manufacture and not subjected to stresses external mechanical, outside atmospheric pressure:

• Figure 1 is a 3/4 plunging view of an upper sheet consisting of substantially identical expanded cells, such as those of Figures 6.7.9.10.11.
• Figure 2: cross-sectional view of the walls of the body of a cell at rest in an eight-pointed star.
• Figure 3: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially circular and semi-octagonal outer casing, eight crevices of different shapes with random distribution comprising at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 4a: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a resting cell with four branches ending at the four corners of a square according mainly to the prior art.
• FIG. 4b: detailed view of an expandable cell wing according to the prior art and the present invention.
• Figure 5: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially square outer envelope comprising four crevices on the four lateral faces of this square comprising at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 6: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially square outer envelope comprising four crevices on the diagonals of this square comprising at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 7: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially square outer envelope comprising four crevices on the diagonals of this square, the crevices having non-parallel walls, wider at the distal end of the cell or body with at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• FIG. 8: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially octagonal outer envelope comprising eight crevices on the eight lateral faces of this octagon and two inner concentric perimeters comprising at least as many flats on the external perimeter as of crevices.
• Figure 9: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially circular outer shell comprising four crevices having at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 10: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially outer envelope: square comprising four crevices on the diagonals of this square, the crevices having non-parallel walls, wider at the proximal end of the center of the cell or undercut with at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 11: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially circular outer casing comprising four crevices with undercut having at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 12: cross-sectional view of the walls of the body of a resting cell in the shape of a five-pointed star ending at the five corners of a pentagon.
• Figure 13: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially pentagonal outer envelope comprising five crevices on the five lateral faces of this pentagon comprising at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 14: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially pentagonal outer envelope comprising five crevices on the five lateral faces of this pentagon, three faces having a shape of continuous arc on three sections between four crevices, the other two being flat with at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 15a: cross-sectional view of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially square outer envelope comprising five crevices, two of which are on two half diagonals of this square at the ends of the same face, one crevice in the middle of the face lateral opposite to that between the two crevices arranged on the half diagonals, the last two crevices being arranged on the outer casing substantially at two thirds on the last two faces, between the first three having at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as of crevices.
• FIG. 15b: detailed view of a cell wing having at least three faces.
• Figure 16: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially pentagonal outer envelope comprising ten crevices including five crevices on the 5 lateral faces of this pentagon, the other five at the five vertices of this pentagon and two perimeters concentric interior with at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 17: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially circular outer shell comprising five crevices having at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• figure 18: 3/4 plunging view of a support composed of an upper sheet made up of substantially identical expanded cells, such as those of figures 6.7.9.10.11 and assembled to a lower sheet
• Figure 19: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially square outer envelope comprising five crevasses, two of which are on two half diagonals of this square at the ends of the same face, a crevice in the middle of the face lateral opposite to that between the two crevices arranged on the half diagonals, the last two crevices being arranged on the outer casing substantially at two thirds, on the last two faces, between the first three; these two crevices each being composed of a concave face and a convex face; with at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.
• Figure 20: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with four branches ending at the four corners of a square according to the prior art whose wings are as thin as possible, without flat on the periphery of the cell.
• FIG. 21: cross-sectional view section of the walls of the body of a cell at rest with a substantially square outer envelope comprising four crevices on the four lateral faces of this square, the crevices of which are as narrow as possible; with at least as many flats on the outer perimeter as crevices.

This invention relates to the design of mattresses, cushion, padding for medical use, reusable packaging of fragile products, anti-vibration system and support.

A support or padding is produced, composed in particular of a upper sheet 1, in general, flexible, shaped comprising expandable cells 3, which can be inter communicating capable of expansion during filling by a fluid such as a cell at rest seen in section transverse at the level of the body is delimited by at least two interior 6 and exterior 7 perimeters in part virtual, concentric inscribed on shaped envelopes indifferent: square 16 pentagonal 19, octagonal 17, circular 18, irregular 15 and 20; where the faces, faults or crevices consist essentially of walls, more or less substantially close, parallel 4 or not with draft 8 or undercut 9; straight lines 21, concaves 10, convex 11 or broken 12a and 12b; connecting the perimeter exterior 7 to interior perimeter 6, adoption as nonlimiting example of form mainly of a line broken 14 to join a point 22 of the periphery 7 to a point 23 of central zone 6 more or less close to axis 24 of the balloon or cell (fig.3 // fig.2 // fig.1 // fig.4a // fig.12) conferring a definite advantage: characterized in that that the portion of the cell wall joining two points each located on one of the concentric perimeters 6 and 7 can be strictly in a straight line during its journey centripetal, if between two other points 28 at the entrance or distal exit or opening of crevices cracks or faults 4 successive ones located on the outer perimeter 7 the route follow-up borrows at least over a certain length an aspect strictly straight or flat 29; one of the two last points 28 being the same as the first located on the outer perimeter 7 at the junction, exit or opening of a crevice; all the constituent points of this flat 29 being more distant or distal to the center 24 axis of symmetry or not, plane of symmetry passing through the center 24 of the cell than the other points, out of flat 29, constituting the envelope 7 on its path between two points 28 located at the junction of successive crevasses 4.

We see (fig. 1) a top sheet 1 in shape, composed swollen cells 3; the advantage of having cells joined to each other by sheet 1 is essentially due to gains of all kinds in the manufacturing process; sheet 1 being assembled with sheet 2 (fig. 18), it may nevertheless be that sometimes a individual cell or group of inter cells isolated communicating, coming from or coming from a sheet 1, can or can be assembled on sheet 2 regardless of the rest of the media.

The perimeter of the inflated cell being equal to the sum of apparent lengths from the outside on the faces of concentric envelopes plus the repeated lengths as much of the walls of the crevices connecting these envelopes concentric. The shape of the cells as described in the present invention is characterized in that a the difference of the cells known in the prior art and which have branches in a straight line (fig. 4a) cells object of the present invention have walls whose faces are more extensive in surface (fig. 15b) (fig.4b) and which reveal cracks, faults or crevices as well as depressions in the case of improvement of cells with parallel walls (fig 4b). As described in the prior art, a cell 3 (fig. 1 and Fig. 18) from top to bottom along the axis longitudinal 24: a top 25 in the form of a dome or domes when the cell is filled with fluid and when the cell is at rest the walls on the outer envelope generally join the central point of this vertex gently preferably located on the longitudinal axis; a body 26 subject of the invention; a foot 27 of indifferent shape, uniform or not with the body at rest, more or less large size in height and width. The bottom of the crevices and depressions of a cell at rest joining in general gently the outer wall 7 above the joint plane sheets 1 and 2 so that you can also allow expansion of crevasses at this level.

The crevices preferably have more or less walls substantially close, parallel or substantially 4, concaves 10, convex 11, broken 12a and 12b; the walls of cracks do not necessarily have symmetry with respect to sagittal plan of the crevasse (fig. 3) and are not necessarily radiating (fig. 19). The wings or branches of the cell are included and defined between two crevices contiguous and successive or depressions, the wings have preferably a minimum triangle shape in general, but also quadrilateral (fig. 5) (fig 4b) or other, with apex inside.

By comparison with the known products of the prior art, where the first (fig. 2) is described as a star formed of eight branches 5 attached to a virtual central element 6 and contained in an outer envelope 7 and the second (fig. 4a) like a four-pointed star ending at four corners of a square envelope, we see that the distal end of the branches to the proximal part the walls of the branches 5 are in a straight line 13. The advantage by comparison of the present invention is due to replacement of these straight walls (fig. 2; fig. 4a; fig. 12, the right being the shortest path from one point to another, by a flat in 29 (fig 4b) or by longer cell walls for example in broken line 14 between points 22 and 23 each located on one of the concentric perimeters 7 and 6, portions of cell walls that follow in their centripetal path the path of the outer envelope and let appear (fig.17,14,11,9,3) in their path distal on at least part of the outer envelope 7 between two points 28 a flat 29 (fig4b) flat which according to the best embodiment has a length of a quarter to about three-quarters of the straight line distance between two points 28 at the junction between the outer casing 7 and the distal exit or opening of two crevices successive 4 and in their proximal path of the slots or crevices 4 between two contiguous parts of walls proximal of said portions of walls, crevices 4 to more or less appreciably close walls whose plane sagittal here is radial in the path of these lines broken 14 near the center 24 called the proximal path; the sagittal plane of a crevasse is the plane midway path from opposite walls of a crevasse, usually like we will see it later this plan is not necessarily Radial. We see that according to the invention the gain in perimeter of the inflated fluid cell is substantially 3% to 25% in practice, and up to 40% in theory as we demonstrate it further, in the case of a cell having a section with four crevices on the faces lateral (fig. 5) with wings with several faces by relation to a cross-shaped cell (fig. 4a) having two-sided wings like an eight-star branches (fig. 2) has a perimeter less than a cell with eight crevices (fig. 3) .The gait is identical between a five-pointed star (fig. 12) compared to a pentagon with five crevices (fig. 13). However cells with eight branches (fig2) with five branches (fig12) and four branches (fig4a) which all have walled wings according to the invention have a gain in perimeter in applying the principle of flat 29 on the third face level of the peripheral envelope 7 as indicated on the figure (4b) as we will see later. In theory whereas figures (20) and (21) represent the cell body section inscribed in envelopes squares of the same dimension, are examples pushed to the extreme of the representations of the figures (4a) and (5) respectively where the wings are as thin as possible and the narrowest crevices; knowing that "d" is the length of the half diagonal of the square: in the case of a cell meeting the criteria of figure (20) on cell perimeter would be eight times "d"; in the case of the cell meeting the criteria of figure (21) on perimeter would be equal to sixteen times "d" that divides root square of two, if square root of two is substantially equal to the fraction seven fifth, the theoretical perimeter of the cell (fig. 21) would be approximately eleven times and a half "d". Consequently, the theoretical scope of the cell in figure (21) is about 40% higher than that of the cell of figure (20) more simply by comparing the wings or branches (fig. 4a) of art anterior and those (fig. 15b) according to the invention, the additional length according to the invention is substantially the difference between the lengths of the external face (fig. 15b and 4a) and the thickness of the wing of the prior art (fig. 4b and 4a) In addition, the advantage conferred on this invention by the presence of a flat 29 between two points 28 as defined previously (fig. 4b), applied by example to the cell described by Graebe (fig 4a) with walls parallels in US 4541136 even if it is minimal in the practical is undeniable on a theoretical level.

Graebe first in its first patents then in US 4541136, followed by Benguigui in US 5553220 describes cells whose wings have parallel walls and also particularly lateral depressions in the case of cells with four branches; having all of them, both for Graebe and for Benguigui an axis of symmetry and at least two planes of symmetry, the cell described in US 4541136 (Fig4a) having it has four planes of symmetry. In all these cases the wings parallel walls induce depressions which they do not can never have parallel walls, while already in application Fr 95/08972 the arrangement of the wings and crevices allows the walls of the same crevice can be parallel for all the crevices of the cells, further according to the invention cells can have all wings with parallel walls, each wing may be surrounded by two crevices with parallel walls, for example all the wings of the cell if they are arranged like two combs back to back, the teeth of the comb representing the wings, may have parallel walls and surrounded by crevices with parallel walls. However in the case of cells with very many wings or reduced size of the order of ten to forty millimeters of section approximately, for practical reasons of efficiency padding or support by eliminating ribs longitudinal due to sharp angles in flexible sheet 1 of cell 3, the practical need to round, with a radius of curvature from two to five millimeters sometimes one mm according to the manufacturing process and the constituent material of the cubicle, all sharp angles, in particular salient at level of the external perimeter 7 requires specifying the difference and advantage of the present invention. According to' invention the space between two points 28 of two successive crevices 4 on the outer perimeter 7 must imperatively have a flat 29 (fig 4b) (fig3,5,6,7,8, 9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,19,21). As an example for the figure (4b) which we consider the flat 29 as tangent or as a rope in relation to the outer limit of art anterior between two points 28 poses no problem in the scope of the present invention since whatever may to be the shape of a cell we can only take into account its actual starting dimensions be the dimensions and empty cell volume at rest, it appears that for a overall dimension of a given cell according to art prior and overall dimensions according to the invention c ' is according to this latest invention that the volume contained in a resting cell is the most important and that the perimeter of the cell is the largest according to the invention all the constituent points of a flat 29 on the path of the outer casing 7 between two points 28 at the junction of two successive crevices 4 are more distant from the center 24 than the other points of the envelope between points 28 which do not constitute a straight line or méplat29.

The realization of the invention makes it possible to see during the expansion of a cell beyond its rest position and so by increasing the perimeter of the cell to get a decrease in cell density per unit area support while maintaining optimal efficiency, while consequence as advantages a gain of matter, energy such than for drying, polymerization, vulcanization, by a better ventilation for drying the top sheet generally obtained and for example by dipping the mandrels or male molds in a material bath: latex, polyvinyl chloride or whatever, which will evenly coat them, this which can be a very significant gain especially when the support cells such as mattresses have heights of 10 to 40 centimeters and consequently: time for the production of the top sheet and in general of all these plus benefits for the assembly of the top sheet shaped and the bottom sheet to get the product finally, by the existence of more surface joint planes important, due to the wider spacing of the cells of two contiguous rows thanks to the invention and by therefore better assembly of sheet 1 and 2 knowing that the assembly of the padding or support can not only be carried out at the padding or support periphery. According to a preferred embodiment, we see (figure 18) a support consisting of a top sheet 1 where are cells 3 and a bottom sheet 2, the flat base (fig. 1) or shaped (fig. 18) (to be possibly placed itself on a shaped seat semi rigid polyurethane foam for example) is consisting of the assembly of sheets 1 and 2; we can also as in some cases of the prior art realize supports composed of two sheets in form 1, the first retaining the upper position (fig. 1) and the second being reversed so that the vertices 25 of his cells are upside down and 27 feet up, all having symmetry with respect to the joint plane; we can also, depending on the medium, remove cells from the leaf in shape 1 so as to leave an empty space between the remaining cells or any other combination exploitable cell height. The system of communication between cells or the regulatory system being indifferent and known from the prior art.

According to the preferred examples of the best embodiment all sharp and incoming sharp angles on cells and therefore the shapes of the molds used to manufacture them will be slaughtered or rounded up as previously described.

The walls of the crevices may preferably be parallel 4, with draft 8, with undercut 9 in straight line 21, concave 10, convex 11, or even broken 12a and 12b. The distribution of crevices between concentric perimeters, at least two, may be random; that is to say that a crevice with walls in form of broken line may be contiguous with a crevice at parallel walls.

According to the best embodiment the virtual envelope outside 7 outside of irregular section shapes will have in order of preference a square section 16 circular 18, pentagonal 19, octagonal 17 and according to the free use of the product in practice.

The number of cracks is limited by their width at the level of the inner concentric perimeter, by the thickness of the wings at this level and by the length of the perimeter concentric interior, as well as by the thickness of the constituent materials of the cell of its qualities mechanical and its implementation characteristics. More the greater the number of cracks, the more this allows meet the goal of decreasing cell density per unit area of the support, however for questions of realization and manufacture of supports or padding for medical use we can limit the number of cracks as described below. In the extreme case where a cell would have very many wings, the difference between art The invention is demonstrated in the following manner.

According to the invention the schematic shape of a wing of male mandrel used to manufacture cells by dipping for example, and therefore this cell wing at rest is the part between two crevices successive or contiguous, is often represented by a triangle (fig. 3) (fig. 6) (fig. 7) (fig. 9) (fig. 10) (fig. 11) (fig.15a) (fig.17) a quadrilateral (fig. 4b) (fig. 5) or a at least substantially triangular in shape, the apex of which located on the side of the inner envelope and the base on the side of the outer envelope. We say that according to the invention a cell wing at rest comprises at least three faces including at least two faces each from walls of two successive crevices and at least one face following the path of the outer envelope, this third face has at least one flat 29 on part of its path along the outer shell 7.

The cells corresponding to the description of Figures (6) - (7) - (9) - (10) - (11) would be more effective by expanding corner according to the diagonals avoiding hollows in the support to the intersection of the inter cellular rows, thus providing the most uniform support surface; these rows correspond to the assembly areas (gluing, welding or other) of the upper 1 and lower 2 leaves.

The external virtual envelope 7 for anti-decubitus supports can be about ten to a hundred millimeters cross section, the walls of the crevices may be spaced about two to twenty millimeters apart, the thickness of the wall of a cell can vary from a half to two millimeters approximately. We can admit for an anti support bedsore or padding an even number of crevices between four and eight, about ten, the central longitudinal axis 24 can be an axis of symmetry. We can admit for a anti bedsore support or padding an odd number of crevasse between at least three and approximately nine, the possible plane of symmetry passing through the central axis. He is at note that there is absolutely no need to have a symmetry in the cells for better efficiency of the support.

• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 3) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 irrégulière sensiblement circulaire 15 pour moitié semi octogonale pour l' autre comprenant huit crevasses de formes différentes: une crevasse entre les deux demi moitié constituée d' une paroi droite 21 et l' autre convexe 10 et à l' opposé par rapport au centre 24 une crevasse constituée d' une paroi droite 21 et une convexe 11 ces deux premières crevasses présentant une contre dépouille, à mi chemin entre les deux premières crevasses sur le côté semi octogonal une crevasse à parois droites 21 avec dépouille, à l' opposé une crevasse à parois droites 21 avec contre dépouille, entre la première crevasse citée et la crevasse à parois droites et dépouille une crevasse avec une paroi droite 21 et l' autre en ligne brisée 12a à l' opposé une crevasse avec une paroi droite et l' autre brisée 12b entre la deuxième crevasse citée et la crevasse à parois droites et dépouille une crevasse à parois droites 21 sensiblement parallèles 4 et à l' opposé une crevasse avec une paroi droite 21 et l' autre concave 10, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 5a) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement carrée 16 comprenant quatre crevasses 4 à parois sensiblement parallèles sur les quatre faces latérales de ce carré à équidistance des extrémités de chaque côté, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 6) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement carrée 16 comprenant quatre crevasses 4 à parois sensiblement parallèles sur les diagonales de ce carré, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4. donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 7) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement carrée 16 comprenant quatre crevasses 8 sur les diagonales de ce carré, les crevasses ayant des parois non parallèles sont plus larges à l' extrémité distale de la crevasse ou dépouille, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 8) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement octogonale 17 comprenant huit crevasses 4 à parois sensiblement parallèles, sur les huit faces latérales de cet octogone et deux périmètres concentriques intérieurs, chaque extrémité proximale ou fond de crevasses successives se terminant alternativement au niveau de chaque périmètre concentrique intérieur, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 9) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement circulaire 18 comprenant quatre crevasses 4 sensiblement parallèles, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 10) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement carrée 16 comprenant quatre crevasses 9 sur les diagonales de ce carré, les crevasses ayant des parois non parallèles sont plus larges à l' extrémité proximale de la crevasse ou fond ou contre dépouille, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 11) des parois à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement circulaire 18 comprenant quatre crevasses 8 avec dépouille, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 13) des parois à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement pentagonale 19 comprenant cinq crevasses 4 à parois sensiblement parallèles sur les cinq faces latérales de ce pentagone à équidistance des extrémités de chaque côté, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 14) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 irrégulière sensiblement pentagonale 20 comprenant cinq crevasses 4 à parois sensiblement parallèles sur les cinq faces latérales de ce pentagone trois faces ayant une forme d' arc, continu sur trois sections comprises entre quatre crevasses les deux autres étant planesla cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps vue en coupe transversale (figure 15a) des parois à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement carrée 16 comprenant cinq crevasses 4 à parois sensiblement parallèles dont deux crevasses sont situées au niveau des angles supérieurs de ce carré deux autres sur les faces latérales du carré et au deux tiers de la longueur de ces faces plus proches de la base du carré et la cinquième au milieu de la base du carré, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 16) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement pentagonale 19 comprenant dix crevasses 4 dont cinq crevasses sur les cinq faces latérales de ce pentagone, les cinq autres aux cinq sommets de ce pentagone et deux périmètres concentriques intérieurs, le fond de crevasses contiguës se terminant au niveau de chaque périmètre ou enveloppe intérieur, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 17) des parois à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement circulaire 18 comprenant cinq crevasses 4 à parois sensiblement parallèle, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps 26 vue en coupe transversale (figure 19) des parois, à enveloppe extérieure 7 sensiblement carrée 16 comprenant cinq crevasses 4 à parois sensiblement parallèles dont deux crevasses à parois droites sont situées au niveau des angles supérieurs de ce carré, deux autres sur les faces latérales du carré et au deux tiers de la longueur de ces faces plus proches de la base du carré , le fond s' écartant du centre de la cellule en direction du fond des deux premières crevasses contiguës chaque crevasse ayant une paroi concave 10 et l'autre convexe 11 parallèles 4 et la cinquième crevasse à parois droites 4 au milieu de la base du carré, la cellule comportant un méplat 29 entre deux crevasses 4, donc au minimum autant de méplats 29 que de crevasses 4.
• La cellule au repos dont on voit la section du corps vue en coupe transversale des parois à enveloppe extérieure sensiblement carrée comprenant six ailes à parois parallèles et six crevasses a parois parallèles, l' ensemble étant disposé par comparaison à deux peignes à trois dents accolés dos à dos les trois dents des deux peignes représentant les six ailes, donc sur chacune des deux faces opposées de l' enveloppe extérieure sont visibles deux crevasses de chaque coté d' une aile centrale, les deux crevasses étant elles mêmes entourées de deux ailes parallèles à la première aile centrale, les faces extérieures des deux ailes entourant la première étant elles mêmes constitutives de l' enveloppe extérieure ; les ouvertures des deux dernières crevasses à parois parallèles étant disposées sur les milieux des deux autres cotés opposés et perpendiculaires aux ailes disposées sur les deux premiers cotés de l' enveloppe ; les ailes à parois parallèles étant caractérisées en ce que leur troisième face suivant le trajet de l' enveloppe extérieure est constituée d' un méplat soit six méplats, la cellule étant constituée de six crevasses à parois parallèles ; selon l' invention nous retiendrons la précedente cellule à laquelle sur les quatre faces d' ailes aux quatre coins de l' enveloppe constitutives des deux derniers cotés de l' enveloppe extérieure nous avons aussi un méplat, soit une cellule à six crevasses et dix méplats ; les méplats, d' une longueur égale du quart aux trois quarts de la longeur séparant deux ouvertures de crevasses successives, étant plus éloignés des plans de symétrie de la cellule que les autres points constitutifs de l'enveloppe extérieure sur son trajet entre deux points situés à l'ouverture de deux crevasses successives.

As we can understand the invention can be adapted to any form of cell, of which we mainly retain and for the example the cells comprising a flat 29 between two crevasses 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as crevasses 4 :

• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 3) of the walls, with an irregular outer shell 7 which is substantially circular 15 for half semi-octagonal for the other comprising eight crevices of different shapes: a crevasse between the two half-half consisting of a straight wall 21 and the other convex 10 and opposite to the center 24 a crevice consisting of a straight wall 21 and a convex 11 these first two crevices having an undercut, halfway path between the first two crevices on the semi-octagonal side a straight walled crevice 21 with draft, opposite a straight walled crevice 21 with undercut, between the first cited crevice and the straight walled crevice and strips a crevasse with a straight wall 21 and the other in a broken line 12a opposite a crevasse with a straight wall and the other broken 12b between the second cited crevasse and the crevice with straight walls and strips a crevice with straight walls 21 substantially parallel 4 and opposite a crevasse with a straight wall 21 and the other concave 10, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevasses 4, therefore at least as many flats 29 as crevices 4
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 5a) of the walls, with an outer shell 7 which is substantially square 16 comprising four crevices 4 with walls which are substantially parallel on the four lateral faces of this square equidistant from the ends. on each side, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 6) of the walls, with a substantially square outer envelope 7 comprising four crevices 4 with walls which are substantially parallel on the diagonals of this square, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevasses 4. so at least as many flats 29 as crevasses 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 7) of the walls, with a substantially square outer envelope 7 comprising four crevices 8 on the diagonals of this square, the crevices having non-parallel walls are more wide at the distal end of the crevice or skin, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevasses 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as crevasses 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 8) of the walls, with an outer shell 7 which is substantially octagonal 17 comprising eight crevices 4 with substantially parallel walls, on the eight lateral faces of this octagon and two perimeters inner concentric, each proximal end or bottom of successive crevices ending alternately at each inner concentric perimeter, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 9) of the walls, with a substantially circular outer casing 7 18 comprising four substantially parallel crevices 4, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at minimum as many flats 29 as crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 10) of the walls, with a substantially square outer envelope 7 comprising four crevices 9 on the diagonals of this square, the crevices having non-parallel walls are more wide at the proximal end of the crevice or bottom or undercut, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as crevices 4.
• The resting cell, the cross section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 11) of the walls with a substantially circular outer envelope 7 18 comprising four crevices 8 with relief, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at least as many flats 29 as crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross-section (FIG. 13) of the walls with an outer shell 7 which is substantially pentagonal 19 comprising five crevices 4 with walls which are substantially parallel on the five lateral faces of this pentagon equidistant from the ends of on each side, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 14) of the walls, with an irregular outer envelope 7 that is substantially pentagonal 20 comprising five crevices 4 with walls that are substantially parallel on the five lateral faces of this three-sided pentagon having an arc shape, continuous over three sections between four crevices, the other two being planesla the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevasses 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the cross section of the body of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 15a) of the walls with an outer envelope 7 which is substantially square 16 comprising five crevices 4 with substantially parallel walls, two of which are located at the upper corners of this square two others on the side faces of the square and at two thirds of the length of these faces closer to the base of the square and the fifth in the middle of the base of the square, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at least as much flats 29 than crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross-section (FIG. 16) of the walls, with an outer envelope 7 substantially pentagonal 19 comprising ten crevices 4 including five crevices on the five lateral faces of this pentagon, the other five with five vertices of this pentagon and two inner concentric perimeters, the bottom of contiguous crevices ending at each perimeter or inner envelope, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevasses 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as crevasses 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 17) of the walls with an outer shell 7 which is substantially circular 18 comprising five crevices 4 with substantially parallel walls, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at least as many flats 29 as crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body 26 of which is seen in cross section (FIG. 19) of the walls, with a substantially square outer casing 7 comprising five crevices 4 with substantially parallel walls, two of which are crevices with straight walls located at the corners upper sides of this square, two others on the side faces of the square and two thirds of the length of these faces closer to the base of the square, the bottom moving away from the center of the cell towards the bottom of the first two contiguous crevices each crevice having a concave wall 10 and the other convex 11 parallel 4 and the fifth crevice with straight walls 4 in the middle of the base of the square, the cell comprising a flat 29 between two crevices 4, therefore at least as many flat 29 as of crevices 4.
• The cell at rest, the section of the body of which is seen in cross section of the walls with a substantially square outer envelope comprising six wings with parallel walls and six crevices with parallel walls, the whole being arranged by comparison with two combs with three teeth joined back on the back the three teeth of the two combs representing the six wings, therefore on each of the two opposite faces of the outer envelope are visible two crevices on each side of a central wing, the two crevices themselves being surrounded by two wings parallel to the first central wing, the external faces of the two wings surrounding the first being themselves constitutive of the external envelope; the openings of the last two crevices with parallel walls being arranged on the middle of the other two opposite sides and perpendicular to the wings arranged on the first two sides of the envelope; the wings with parallel walls being characterized in that their third face along the path of the outer envelope is made up of a flat part, ie six flat parts, the cell being made up of six crevices with parallel walls; according to the invention we will retain the previous cell to which on the four sides of the wings at the four corners of the envelope constituting the last two sides of the outer envelope we also have a flat, that is to say a cell with six crevices and ten flat parts ; the flats, of a length equal to a quarter to three quarters of the length separating two successive crevice openings, being more distant from the planes of symmetry of the cell than the other constituent points of the external envelope on its path between two points located at the opening of two successive crevices.

According to the invention, the implementation of these supports can therefore apply to the production of mattresses, cushions, anti-decubitus padding, but also such as mattresses participating in the comfort of an individual, cushions, backrests and as padding or protection for fragile products, anti-vibration systems the description of the advantage conferred by the invention is not limiting of the process to obtain the manufactured product: with mandrels or male molds by dipping in preference to molds females for reasons of surface finish of the molds, mold versus injection mold, rotational molding mold, thermoforming or other processes.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown above but that it encompasses all variants.

Claims (16)

1. Padding or support including expansible cells whose section seen in a transverse section at the level of the body (26) of a cell in a resting state (3) shows wings of the said cell which possess at least three sides, two of which at least stemming from the walls of two successive fissures characterized by the fact that the third side following the path of the external sheath possesses at least a flat part on a portion of its track, all the constituent points of this flat part (29) being further away from the center of the cell than the other points components of that third side.
2. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells whose section of the body can be seen in transversal section of the walls with external sheath perceptibly square, possessing six wings with parallel walls and six fissures with parallel walls, altogether laid out by comparison with two three-toothed combs placed back to back, the three teeth of the two combs representing the six wings, therefore on each of the two opposite side of its external sheath, two fissures can be seen on either side of a central wing, the two fissures being themselves surrounded by two wings parallel to the first central wing, the external sides of the two wings surrounding the first one being themselves constituent of the external sheath; the openings of the last two fissures with parallel walls being laid on the midpoints of the other two opposite sides and perpendicular to the wings laid on the first two sides of the sheath; the wings with parallel walls being distinguished by the fact that their third side following the track of the external sheath is made up of a flat part and on the four wing sides of which, in the four corners of the constituent sheath, we also have a flat part, that is to say a cell with six fissures (4) and ten flat parts (29); the flat parts being as long as a quarter to three-quarters of the length between two openings of successive fissures, being further away from the symmetry planes of the cell than the other constituent points of the external sheath on its track between two points located at the opening of two successive fissures.
3. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body (26) can be seen in a transverse section of its walls, with external sheaths perceptibly circular possessing four fissures (4) perceptibly parallel, possesses a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore as many flat parts as fissures.
4. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state (3) whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls, with perceptibly circular external sheath, possessing four fissures (8) with draft, possesses a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore as many flat parts as fissures.
5. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state (3) whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls, with irregular external sheath perceptibly pentagonal including five fissures (4) with perceptibly parallel walls on the five lateral sides of this pentagon, three of the sides being in the shape of an arc, continued on three sections located between four fissures, the other two being flat, possesses a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore as many flat parts as fissures.
6. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state (3) whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls with ex ternal sheath perceptibly circular possessing five fissures (4) with perceptibly parallel walls, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore as many flat parts as fissures.
7. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls with external sheath perceptibly square possessing four fissures (4) with perceptibly parallel walls on the four lateral sides of this square, half-way between the ends of each side, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
8. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls with external sheath perceptibly square possessing four fissures (4) with perceptibly parallel walls on the diagonal lines of this square, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
9. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls with external sheath perceptibly square possessing four fissures (8) on the diagonal lines of this square, the fissures with non parallel walls being wider at the distal end of the fissure or draft, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
10. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls with external sheath perceptibly octagonal possessing eight fissures (4) with perceptibly parallel walls on the eight lateral sides of this octagon and two internal concentric perimeters, each proximal end or bottom of successive fissure alternatively terminating at the level of each internal concentric perimeter, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
11. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls with external sheath perceptibly square possessing four fissures (9) on the diagonal lines of this square, the fissures with non parallel walls being wider at the proximal end of the fissure or bottom or counter draft, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
12. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls, with external sheath perceptibly pentagonal including five fissures (4) with perceptibly parallel walls on the five lateral sides of this pentagon , half-way between the ends of each side, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
13. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls, with external sheath perceptibly square including five fissures (4) with perceptibly parallel walls, two of which are located at the level of the top corners of this square, two others on the lateral sides of the square, at two-thirds of the length of these sides nearer to the base of the square, and the fifth in the middle of the base of the square, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
14. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls, with external sheath perceptibly pentagonal including ten fissures (4), five of which on the five lateral sides of this pentagon, the other five at the five vertexes of this pentagon and two internal concentric perimeters, the bottom of contiguous fissures terminating at the level of each internal perimeter or sheath, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
15. Padding or support according to claim 1 including cells characterized by the fact that the cell in its resting state whose section of the body can be seen in a transverse section of the walls, with external sheath perceptibly square including five fissures (4) with perceptibly parallel walls, two of which with straight walls are located at the level of the top corners of this square, two others on the lateral sides of the square, at two-thirds of the length of these sides nearer to the base of the square, its bottom drifting from the center of the cell towards the bottom of the first two contiguous fissures, each fissure having one wall concave (10) and the other convex (11), parallel to each other, and the fifth fissure with straight walls (4) in the middle of the base of the square, the cell possessing a flat part (29) between two fissures, therefore at least as many flat parts as fissures.
16. Padding or support including expansible cells whose body (26) of the cell in the resting state (3) possessing wings all of them coming from two successive fissures seen in transverse section, is characterized by the fact that the wings of a perceptibly triangular shape and one apex of which is internal, possess three sides at least, two of which are the sides of the triangle, never parallel for all the wings, and come from the walls of two successive fissures (4); the third side between two fissures (28) on the external path of the cell possesses one flat part at least (29), all the constituent points of this flat part being further apart from the center (24) of the cell than the other points of the said side.

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