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EP0948711B1 - Verfahren zum regeln des krafstoff/luft -verhaltnisses einer brennkraftmaschine mit adaptiverkrafstoff/luft -verhaltnis-sollwert - Google Patents

Verfahren zum regeln des krafstoff/luft -verhaltnisses einer brennkraftmaschine mit adaptiverkrafstoff/luft -verhaltnis-sollwert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0948711B1
EP0948711B1 EP97912271A EP97912271A EP0948711B1 EP 0948711 B1 EP0948711 B1 EP 0948711B1 EP 97912271 A EP97912271 A EP 97912271A EP 97912271 A EP97912271 A EP 97912271A EP 0948711 B1 EP0948711 B1 EP 0948711B1
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Prior art keywords
richness
insta
engine
varia
top dead
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French (fr)
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EP0948711A1 (de
Inventor
Stéphan BEURTHEY
Xavier Moine
Jean-Claude Mollet
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1497With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
    • F02D41/1498With detection of the mechanical response of the engine measuring engine roughness
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008Controlling each cylinder individually
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1473Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
    • F02D41/1475Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1477Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation circuit or part of it,(e.g. comparator, PI regulator, output)
    • F02D41/1479Using a comparator with variable reference
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1486Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor with correction for particular operating conditions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1497With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1409Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using at least a proportional, integral or derivative controller
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1413Controller structures or design
    • F02D2041/1426Controller structures or design taking into account control stability
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1433Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/18Control of the engine output torque
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/28Control for reducing torsional vibrations, e.g. at acceleration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for regulating the richness of the air-fuel mixture which is injected into the cylinders of an injection thermal engine controlled, so that the motor operates at the limit of the lowest wealth acceptable to the engine.
  • Thermal engines of the electronic controlled injection type operate with air-fuel ratios, called wealth, varying from 0.4 for so-called poor mixtures to 1.3 for so-called rich mixtures, the value 1 corresponding to the stoichiometric mixture for which the the quantity of oxygen contained in the air-fuel mixture is exactly equal to that necessary for the complete oxidation of the fuel.
  • the aim of richness regulation is to enslave the richness of the injected mixture to a variable setpoint richness in the presence of possible disturbances and transient phases due, for example, to a pressure change collector, a change in operating mode from the poor regime to the rich regime and vice versa ....
  • the richness of the mixture must not be less than a critical threshold depending on the operating conditions.
  • the setpoint richness chosen in order to ensure complete combustion throughout the lifetime of the engine, must be greater than the limit measured in order to be free from any dispersions between engines of the same family on the one hand and aging engines on the other hand.
  • this richness regulation must take into account other constraints relating to comfort and driveability and to standards concerning the emissions of polluting gases resulting from the combustion of the air-fuel mixture.
  • the richness regulation can be carried out by a closed loop control device of the "Smith predictor” type, using the concept of setpoint monitoring and the function of which is for example described in chapter 5 of the book entitled “CONTROL OF TIME DELAY SYSTEMS "by JE MARSHALL and published in 1979 by PETER PEREGRINOS LTD and THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS.
  • the essential effect of such a "Smith predictor” device is to take into account the transfer time introduced by the engine by calculating a delayed predicted richness, which is compared with the richness measured at the output of the engine to obtain an error of wealth value prediction, prediction error which is introduced into the feedback loop of the control system at the input of the system controller.
  • Such a regulation device which makes it possible to obtain better behavior of the controller in the transient phases, is described in patent application No. 96 06810 filed in the name of the Applicant.
  • the aim of the present invention is to develop a direct adaptive control of the setpoint richness of the air-fuel mixture injected into a internal combustion, from a regulation loop main, using a Smith predictor by example.
  • This adaptation is made according to engine torque instabilities to stay at value the lowest tolerable wealth limit by the engine without degrading driving comfort, and whatever the state of the engine or the type of engine, thanks to an estimation of combustion instabilities which lead to couple instability.
  • This regulation makes it possible to achieve a good compromise between speed, precision and robustness in all engine operating conditions.
  • the system for regulating the richness of the air-fuel mixture injected into a heat engine 1 comprises, as shown in FIG. 1, a first so-called fast loop which makes it possible to determine a richness value to follow RS from of the RIC setpoint richness value by means of a device 2 for modeling the transfer function of the motor 1.
  • the RIC setpoint richness is determined by a second so-called slow loop, an essential characteristic of the invention, which will be described later.
  • a proportional probe 3, of the UEGO type which is placed on the exhaust gas duct, measures the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gases from which the real richness RI of the ignited air-fuel mixture in the cylinders.
  • the fast loop then comprises a regulator 5 of the Proportional Integral Derivative PID type for example or which performs a function called "Smith predictor", at the input terminal of which the value ⁇ is applied and which supplies the correction U d at add to the setpoint richness RIC, via an adder 6.
  • the value U m of the richness of the air-fuel mixture to be injected into the engine cylinders is obtained.
  • a converter 7 transforms the value U m into a fuel injection time T m into the engine cylinders.
  • the complete regulation system comprises, in addition to this fast loop, of time constant of the order of a few milliseconds, a so-called slow loop for adjusting the richness setpoint as a function of the combustion instabilities, of which the time constant is of the order of a second ( Figure 1).
  • This slow loop consists first of all of a device 8 for measuring the engine torque, in particular a software torque meter TRZ, which delivers the value of the engine torque C k at each top dead center (TDC) of order k, k being a positive integer.
  • a device 9 for estimating the instabilities of the torque will calculate the values of an instability estimator VAL, representative of the combustion instabilities of the N cylinders of the engine at each top dead center.
  • this estimator has the expression VAL k-1 , at top dead center of order k-1, as a function of the respective values of the engine torque at consecutive top dead centers of order k-1 to k-2P ( 4, N): with P (4, N) being the smallest common multiple of 4 and N, and j being a positive integer.
  • the instability estimator can have as preferential expression, at top dead center of order k-1, as a function of the respective values of the engine torque at consecutive top dead centers of order k-1, k-4P (4, N):
  • This instability estimator is representative even. during the transient phases of engine speed and pressure in the intake manifold, the accelerations and decelerations.
  • the output signal VAL of the estimation device 9 instability is filtered in a filter 10 of first order, performing a constant filtering of time of about a second, to deliver a signal INSTA guaranteeing good system stability.
  • this additive correction is saturated at [-0.1, +0.1] so as not to degrade the driving pleasure.
  • the three thresholds INSTA 1 , INSTA 2 and INSTA 3 are chosen so that the VARIA correction is stable and ensures driving comfort even at low richness.
  • FIG. 2 which is a diagram of variation of the instabilities of the motor torque over time, shows the changes in the signal INSTA over time. Between the second and third thresholds INSTA 2 and INSTA 3 , there is a dead band in which no correction is made.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are respective diagrams of the temporal variation of the VARIA correction, added to the desired richness to increase the set richness, as a function of the value of the signal INSTA with respect to the thresholds, in the particular case where the two thresholds INSTA 1 and INSTA 3 are equal.
  • Figures 4a and 4b are respective diagrams of temporal variation of the VARIA correction, added to the wealth desired to decrease the wealth of setpoint, depending on the value of the INSTA signal by compared to the thresholds, for the same particular case.
  • the adder circuit 12 then delivers the richness of RIC setpoint applied to the control loop fast.
  • This slow regulation loop object of the invention, used to determine the setpoint richness used in the rapid regulation loop, which is based on a Smith regulator.
  • the wealth of instructions is adapted to the combustion instabilities of the engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. System zur Regelung des Luftverhältnisses des Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischs in einer Wärmekraftmaschine mit gesteuerter Einspritzung mit einer Anzahl N Zylinder, das einerseits aus einem schnellen Regelkreis besteht, der folgende Elemente umfasst:
    eine Sonde (2) zur Messung der Sauerstoffkonzentration der Abgase, mit der das Luftverhältnis (LV) des Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischs berechnet wird,
    eine Vorrichtung (5) zur Regelung des Luftverhältnisses des in den Motor eingespritzten Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischs, ausgehend von einem Sollwert für dieses Luftverhältnis (SWLV),
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es andererseits aus einem langsamen Regelkreis besteht, das Mittel zur Berechnung des auf die Verbrennungsinstabilität der N Zylinder des Motors abgestimmten Sollwerts für das Luftverhältnis (SWLV) ausbildet und folgende Elemente umfasst:
    eine Vorrichtung (8) zur Messung des Motormoments (Ck) bei jedem oberen Totpunkt k, wobei k eine ganze positive Zahl ist;
    eine Vorrichtung (9) zur Schätzung der Instabilitäten des Motormoments, die bei jedem oberen Totpunkt eine Schätzfunktion (VAL) liefert, deren Ausdruck (VALk-1) im oberen Totpunkt k-1, in Abhängigkeit der jeweiligen Werte des Motormoments in den aufeinanderfolgenden oberen Totpunkten k-1 bis k-2P(4, N) im Absolutwert gegeben ist durch:
    Figure 00160001
    wobei P (4, N) das kleinste gemeinsame Vielfache von 4 und von N und j eine ganze positive Zahl ist;
    einen Filter (10) des ersten Grads der ein Signal /INSTA/ liefernden Schätzfunktion (VAL);
    ein Expertensystem (11), das eine heuristischartige Korrektur (VARIA) des Luftverhältnisses aufgrund des Signals /INSTA/ berechnet,
    eine Vorrichtung (13) zur Bestimmung des gewünschten Luftverhältnisses (GLV) aufgrund von Motorparametem;
    eine Additionsschaltung (12), die dazu ausgebildet ist, dem gewünschten Luftverhältnis (GLV) die Korrektur (VARIA) hinzuzufügen, um so den Sollwert für das Luftverhältnis (SWLV) zu liefern.
  2. System zur Regelung des Luftverhältnisses des Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischs in einer Wärmekraftmaschine mit gesteuerter Einspritzung mit einer Anzahl N Zylinder, das einerseits aus einem schnellen Regelkreis besteht, der folgende Elemente umfasst:
    eine Sonde (2) zur Messung der Sauerstoffkonzentration der Abgase, mit der das Luftverhältnis (LV) des Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischs berechnet wird,
    eine Vorrichtung (5) zur Regelung des Luftverhältnisses des in den Motor eingespritzten Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischs, ausgehend von einem Sollwert für dieses Luftverhältnis (SWLV),
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es andererseits aus einem langsamen Regelkreis besteht, das Mittel zur Berechnung des auf die Verbrennungsinstabilität der N Zylinder des Motors abgestimmten Sollwerts für das Luftverhältnis (SWLV) ausbildet und folgende Elemente umfasst:
    eine Vorrichtung (8) zur Messung des Motormoments (Ck) bei jedem oberen Totpunkt k, wobei k eine ganze positive Zahl ist;
    eine Vorrichtung (9) zur Schätzung der Instabilitäten des Motormoments, die bei jedem oberen Totpunkt eine Schätzfunktion (VAL) liefert, deren Ausdruck (VALk-1) im oberen Totpunkt k-1, in Abhängigkeit der jeweiligen Werte des Motormoments in den aufeinanderfolgenden oberen Totpunkten k-1 bis k-2P(4, N) im Absolutwert gegeben ist durch:
    Figure 00170001
    wobei P (4, N) das kleinste gemeinsame Vielfache von 4 und von N und j eine ganze positive Zahl ist;
    einen Filter (10) des ersten Grads der ein Signal /INSTA/ liefernden Schätzfunktion (VAL);
    ein Expertensystem (11), das eine heuristischartige Korrektur (VARIA) des Luftverhältnisses aufgrund des Signals /INSTA/ berechnet,
    eine Vorrichtung (13) zur Bestimmung des gewünschten Luftverhältnisses (GLV) aufgrund von Motorparametern;
    eine Additionsschaltung (12), die dazu ausgebildet ist, dem gewünschten Luftverhältnis (GLV) die Korrektur (VARIA) hinzuzufügen, um so den Sollwert für das Luftverhältnis (SWLV) zu liefern.
  3. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Expertensystem (11) eine Korrektur (VARIA) liefert, die dem gewünschten Luftverhältnis (GLV) hinzuzufügen ist, so dass
    wenn das Signal (INSTA) einen ersten Schwellenwert (INSTA1) überschreitet, der Wert (VARIA) um einen Wert (VARIA1) vergrößert wird, der einer Erhöhung des Sollwerts für das Luftverhältnis von 0,03 entspricht;
    wenn das Signal (INSTA) unter einem zweiten Schwellenwert (INSTA2) liegt, der geringer ist als der Schwellenwert (INSTA1), dann wird der Wert (VARIA) um einen Wert (VARIA2) verringert, der einer Verringerung des Sollwerts für das Luftverhältnis von 0,01 entspricht;
    wenn das Signal (INSTA) zwischen dem ersten Schwellenwert (INSTA1) und einem dritten, zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Schwellenwert liegenden Schwellenwert (INSTA3) liegt, so wird der Wert (VARIA) um einen Wert (VARIA3) erhöht, der einer Erhöhung des Sollwerts für das Luftverhältnis von 0,02 entspricht;
    wenn das Signal (INSTA) zwischen dem zweiten und dem. dritten Schwellenwert (INSTA2) und (INSTA3) liegt, dann wird keine Korrektur des Werts (VARIA) vorgenommen.
  4. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (5) zur Regelung des Luftverhältnisses des in den Motor eingespritzten Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischs aus einem Smith-Prädiktor besteht.
  5. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (8) zur Messung des Motormoments (ck) eine Drehmomentmessersoftware TRZ ist.
  6. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (9) zur Schätzung der Momentinstabilitäten eines Vierzylinder-Motors eine Schätzfunktion (VAL) liefert, deren Ausdruck (VALk) im oberen Totpunkt k in Abhängigkeit der jeweiligen Werte (ck-7) bis (ck) des Motormoments in den aufeinanderfolgenden vorangegangenen oberen Totpunkten k-7 bis k gegeben ist durch: VALk = ck - ck-1 - ck-2 + ck-3 - ck-4 + ck-5 + ck-6 - ck-7
EP97912271A 1996-10-31 1997-10-28 Verfahren zum regeln des krafstoff/luft -verhaltnisses einer brennkraftmaschine mit adaptiverkrafstoff/luft -verhaltnis-sollwert Expired - Lifetime EP0948711B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9613369 1996-10-31
FR9613369A FR2755184B1 (fr) 1996-10-31 1996-10-31 Systeme de regulation de la richesse d'un moteur thermique a injection avec consigne de richesse adaptative
PCT/FR1997/001931 WO1998019062A1 (fr) 1996-10-31 1997-10-28 Systeme de regulation de la richesse d'un moteur thermique a injection avec consigne de richesse adaptative

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0948711A1 EP0948711A1 (de) 1999-10-13
EP0948711B1 true EP0948711B1 (de) 2002-11-27

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EP (1) EP0948711B1 (de)
AU (1) AU4952597A (de)
DE (1) DE69717491T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2755184B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1998019062A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2783565B1 (fr) * 1998-09-17 2000-12-15 Renault Dispositif de regulation de la richesse en carburant du melange air/carburant admis dans un moteur a combustion interne
FR2945078B1 (fr) * 2009-04-29 2011-04-29 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de controle du fonctionnement d'un moteur
FR3064027B1 (fr) * 2017-03-14 2019-03-22 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede d’estimation du couple d’un moteur a combustion interne en fonctionnement
CN112834161B (zh) * 2021-02-04 2024-02-23 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 基于特征提取的风洞测量数据处理方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4513721A (en) * 1981-08-11 1985-04-30 Nippon Soken, Inc. Air-fuel ratio control device for internal combustion engines
JPH04214947A (ja) * 1990-12-14 1992-08-05 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関のトルク変動制御装置
US5265575A (en) * 1990-12-25 1993-11-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for controlling internal combustion engine
JP2924547B2 (ja) * 1993-03-19 1999-07-26 日産自動車株式会社 内燃機関の空燃比制御装置

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EP0948711A1 (de) 1999-10-13
WO1998019062A1 (fr) 1998-05-07
AU4952597A (en) 1998-05-22
DE69717491T2 (de) 2003-07-24
FR2755184A1 (fr) 1998-04-30
FR2755184B1 (fr) 1999-01-15
DE69717491D1 (de) 2003-01-09

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