EP0948701B1 - Process and device for simultaneously drilling and lining a hole - Google Patents

Abstract

In a process for drilling, in particular rotary percussion or percussion drilling, and lining holes in the ground or rocks, a hole (13) is percussion and/or rotation drilled by a cutter (1, 2, 3) mounted on boring rods (9) and a lining is formed by a jacket tube (5). During drilling, at least one jacket tube (5, 5') coupled to the cutter (1, 2) is drawn in the axial direction by the cutter (1, 2, 3) into the bore hole (13) and once drilling is finished, the cutter (3) is at least partially removed from the jacket tube (5, 5') together with the boring rods (9). In a device for drilling, in particular percussion or rotary percussion drilling, and lining holes in the ground or rocks, a cutter (1, 2, 3) mounted on boring rods (9) drills a bore hole by percussion and/or rotary drilling. The cutter (1, 2, 3) is divided in the radial direction. At least one jacket tube (5, 5') which surrounds the boring rods (9) is located at the end of the cutter (3) away from the drilling surface, around the outer circumference of the cutter (3), and is form-fittingly joined to the cutter (1) by at least one coupling element (6) so as to be drawn in the longitudinal direction of the bore hole (13).

Description

The present invention relates to a method for Drilling, especially impact or rotary impact drilling, and lining of holes in soil or rock material, where through a drill bit mounted on a drill pipe a striking and / or rotating movement formed a borehole and a lining is formed by a cladding tube becomes. The present invention further relates to a device for drilling, in particular impact or rotary impact drilling, and lining holes in soil or rock material, one supported on a drill pipe Drill bit through a striking and / or rotating movement forms a borehole.

Such methods and devices for drilling, in particular for impact or rotary impact drilling, and subsequent ones Lining holes in soil or rock material known in different embodiments, see for example US Pat. No. 3,190,378A. Hiebei will a hole possibly extending over long lengths or a hole is formed using a drill bit, which is mounted on a drill pipe, with a beating and / or rotating movement formed the borehole becomes. Rotary impact drilling is usually done in each case after striking the drill bit this drill bit twisted by a certain angle and again acted upon by a striking tool, whereby by alternately moving the drill bit in the direction of rotation and the intermittent beating systematically on that of the Drill bit during the rotary movement swept area Material is crushed and broken out. To break in of material in which there may be a to avoid long length extending and / or post hole Completion of the bore is essentially smooth and to be able to provide flat lining hiebei proposed, for example, a correspondingly massive trained cladding tube to use, for example the striking movement on the drill bit via the cladding tube is exercised and thus strictly speaking the cladding tube one Part of the drilling or jacking device. It is immediately understand that to bring the necessary such cladding tube corresponding to high impact forces must be solid and thick-walled, from which it follows that a correspondingly larger cross section is drilled must be taken into account to consider the wall thickness of the cladding tube. Such a to the wall thickness of the cladding tube enlarged cross-section requires in particular a correspondingly greater amount of time is required for hard rock to make the hole and at the same time requires one correspondingly larger and solid drill bit.

Instead of using a cladding tube to insert the In addition, clout forces have become known in which in time-consuming, multiple work steps an attempt is made after completion of the borehole Remove the drill bit from the borehole and then insert one Insert lining or cladding tube into the borehole. It is immediately aware that such a procedure can only be used in those cases in which a break-in occurs of material into the completed borehole Security can be ruled out, furthermore naturally a correspondingly enlarged cross section is drilled must be carried out to ensure that the lining or envelope tube. To such a thing Insert liner or cladding tube of great length can, this pipe must in turn with a relatively large Wall thickness should be designed to ensure safe insertion enable. In this case, too, there must therefore be a Dimensions of the cladding tube matched with relative large diameter can be used.

After inserting the lining or cladding tube can for example, an anchor can be introduced into the cladding tube and additionally or alternatively a correspondingly quick one setting material to solidify the surrounding material be introduced. Alternatively, such Lining for receiving lines or the like. Serve or if perforations are provided to drain off liquids and thus used for drainage.

The present invention is therefore aimed at starting out of a method for drilling, in particular percussion or Rotary impact drilling, and lining holes in the ground or Rock material to train that quickly and simply essentially at the same time as training Borehole can be inserted at least one cladding tube. Furthermore, it is aimed at a cladding tube or cladding tubes with reduced compared to the known embodiments Use dimensions and in particular reduced wall thickness, by the additional required for the cladding tube (s) Reduce drilling effort to a minimum can. This object is achieved with the features of claim 1. The fact that according to the invention with the advance movement when drilling a with the cladding tube coupled to the drill bit by tension introduced into the borehole in only the axial direction is ensured that immediately upon creation lining the borehole has already been made can be, so that a collapse of if necessary loose rock and thus relocating the borehole Security is avoided. Because the at least one Cladding tube by direct axial loading only through the drill bit into the borehole furthermore with a very thin-walled cladding tube can be found since the cladding tube has no forces like this for example, according to the prior art, where the impact forces via a correspondingly massive cladding tube have been exerted on the drill bit, pick up and forward must and only have sufficient strength in order to buckle if the rock is loose or to safely avoid reducing the cross-section. For easy removal after the hole has been completed the drill bit together with the drill pipe with unchanged To ensure the arrangement of the cladding tube in the borehole, is further proposed according to the invention the drill bit at least partially together with the drill pipe to remove from the cladding tube. For this purpose for example the core bit in a substantially central one Part and a the central part essentially be annularly divided outer part, so that after loosening the central part of this main component of the Drill bit together with the drill pipe through the interior of the at least one cladding tube removed from the borehole can be.

To ensure that the drill bit rotates when it rotates, that the one or more coupled with the drill bit Büllrohr (e) only in the axial direction of the borehole due to a tensile load in the sense of the propulsion movement is introduced during drilling, is also preferred suggested that the drill bit be relative to the Cladding tube (s) is rotatably arranged.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, this is further developed the method according to the invention such that after removing the drill pipe and the central part an anchor is inserted in the drill bit into the cladding tube (s) and / or backfilling with a hardening material is made.

For easy removal of the broken down by the drill bit In addition, material is preferably proposed that mined material via at least one to the drill bit subsequent area arranged opening in the inside of the cladding tube (the cladding tubes) is inserted and in the free space between the cladding tube (s) and the Drill pipe is brought out of the borehole. As a result of that the mined material in the space between the cladding tube or the cladding tubes and the drill pipe from the borehole the required borehole cross section can be applied further reduce, so that the outer dimensions of the Drill hole essentially on the outside diameter of the outer cladding tube can be tuned and this in favorably only slightly exceed.

As a further solution to the problem set out above relates to Invention a device with the features of claim 4. As a result of that the drill bit is split in the radial direction, can be easily ensured when the borehole is completed, that for example the central main part of the drill bit together with the drill pipe from the borehole the cladding tube can be removed while at least a cladding tube immediately at the production of the borehole by pulling in the longitudinal direction of the borehole is brought into the borehole and after completion of the borehole remains inside the borehole. To ensure that the drill bit also rotates, that the one or more mounted on the outer circumference of the drill bit Cladding tube (s) only in the axial direction of the Borehole is also preferred provided that the drill bit over the coupling element is rotatably connected to the cladding tube (s).

For a particularly simple coupling between the drill bit and that during the advance movement of the drill bit in the axial In addition, the direction of the cladding tube taken along is preferred suggested that the coupling elements be offset from Circumferential areas of the drill bit and the cladding tube with coordinated, complementary profiling, if necessary with the interposition of a profiled, annular intermediate member are formed. Through such separated peripheral areas, which, for example, according to Art of step-like elevations and complementary depressions can be formed, can also be compared thin wall thicknesses of the cladding tube a safe driving of the Secure the cladding tube during the advance movement of the drill bit.

Alternatively, for a simple coupling between the drill bit and the one or more during the advance movement of the Drill bit cladding tube (s) suggested that the Coupling elements, formed by a large number of balls which are in a substantially semicircular Cross-sectional recesses on the drill bit and complementary recesses in a subsequent to the drill bit Connection piece of the cladding tube or the cladding tubes are arranged, as is another preferred embodiment corresponds to the device according to the invention. By using balls, which in corresponding Recesses on both the drill bit and the Connection piece of the cladding tube or the cladding tubes arranged are, can be according to the type of ball bearing easy connection and coupling between the drill bit and enable the cladding tube or the cladding tubes, whereby also a correspondingly easy rotatability of the at least a cladding tube relative to the drill bit in the rotating and / or rotational movement of the drill bit in the Production of the borehole can be achieved. According to one particularly preferred embodiment is in this context provided that the connector of the at least a cladding tube and / or the connection area of the drill bit made of metal, plastic or coated Material are formed, with the use of Balls, for example made of metal or plastic, a Matching the individual materials and the coupling elements as well as that of the recesses Connection piece of the cladding tube (s) or the end piece the drill bit can be achieved. Naturally, for one accordingly simple movement of the rugeln in the Recesses for receiving the balls formed Coupling elements also a lubricant, for example oil, be introduced.

In order to avoid that during the advance movement on the drill bit forces becoming effective in the one very small cross-section or wall thickness Cladding tube are introduced and optionally to a Deformation of the same, it is also proposed that the coupling elements between the drill bit and the cladding tube (s) at least partially from one damping material formed or with a damping Material are coated, as is another preferred Embodiment of the device according to the invention corresponds.

For easy removal of the dismantled material in the space between the inner cladding tube and the drill pipe, whereby a correspondingly small borehole cross section, which essentially depends on the outside dimensions of the outer cladding tube is ensured , it is moreover preferably provided that the Cladding tube (s) in its end area facing the drill bit at least one passage opening, in particular several Holes evenly distributed around the circumference of the cladding tube or through slots.

As already indicated above, cladding tubes can not only be used for subsequent introduction of an anchor and thus generally used to anchor objects be, but it can also be provided, for example be, about the borehole produced and into it Cladding to perform a drainage. To For this purpose, the invention preferably proposes that the (the) cladding tube (s) over its entire length with over the circumference of the perforations distributed essentially uniformly is (are) trained.

For easy deployment after completion of the borehole the central part of the drill bit furthermore, it is preferred that the drill bit at least from a central inner part and an outer part insists on joint propulsion, but releasable with each other are coupled, the central part of the drill bit one compared to the inner diameter of the inner cladding tube has a slightly smaller outer diameter. For one particularly simple and reliable coupling of the individual Elements of such a multi-part drill bit are also used preferably suggested that to take rotation the central inner part of the drill bit has a circular shape has a different cross section and by a corresponding Open the opening of the outer part of the drill bit is.

As mentioned several times, due to the fact that the cladding tube directly through the drill bit through a Actuation in the axial direction when driving or Drilling movement is introduced, not necessary opposite one the outer dimensions of the outer cladding or lining tube greatly enlarged diameter of the borehole to provide such as this according to the prior art in particular required if a cladding tube is subsequently inserted was. It is therefore sufficient that the outside diameter of the outer cladding tube essentially the outer dimensions corresponds to the drill bit in the radial direction.

Since the cladding tubes used in the invention in only material that may break in have to resist and no forces, for example Impact forces for rotary impact drilling, absorb or transmit can, with correspondingly thin-walled cladding tubes enough to be found. In this context preferably proposed according to the invention that the cladding tube (s) a wall thickness of 1 to 3 mm, in particular about 2 mm, has (have) so that it is immediately obvious, that by the provision of the cladding the entire to be dismantled or the area to be drilled is only slightly enlarged must and also with a correspondingly low use of materials and thus weight for the cladding tube (s) found the sufficiency can be.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, that the (the) cladding tube (s) made of metal or plastic is (are) designed, which is a correspondingly simple Adaptation to the environmental conditions and in particular to the soil or rock material in which a borehole should be trained is possible. While a cladding tube made of metal has a correspondingly high mechanical strength has, but can be disadvantageous in such a design be that with loose or loose layers of soil or rock possibly an impairment of the usually very thin-walled cladding tube in the sense of kinking or a cross-sectional narrowing of the cladding tube takes place, whereby a subsequent removal of the drill bit under certain circumstances difficult or completely prevented, so that Subsequent introduction of an anchor, for example is no longer possible. Especially in such Cases of loose soil or rock material the use of plastic envelopes, which have a certain flexibility, which is advantageous because even if the cross-section changes temporarily Cladding tubes (s) with further advance of the drill bit with entrainment the cladding tubes have their original cross-sectional shape take again and thus after completion of the The hole is properly brought out and possibly a subsequent insertion of an anchor is easily possible. Especially when using Cladding tubes made of plastic are the use of coupling elements like a ball bearing like this above has been carried out, particularly advantageous, to a undisturbed, free rotation between the drill bit and the Cladding tubes during the rotating or rotary drilling movement to allow the drill bit because of a rotating entrainment of the cladding tube through the drill bit when using cladding tubes made of plastic is to be regarded as disadvantageous.

In particular to layers of soil or rock, in which Material breaks easily and thus onto the cladding tubes acting frictional forces become particularly large, these forces to minimize as much as possible is provided according to the invention, that two cladding tubes are essentially concentric with each other are arranged and over in the space between the Cladding tubes, preferably on one of the facing Shell surfaces of the cladding tubes, spacers arranged or stop elements are kept at a distance from each other. The fact that two cladding tubes are essentially concentric with each other are arranged and kept apart are, on the one hand, even when the external is overloaded Cladding tube by breaking material and thus a Destruction or damage to the same damage the Drill pipe can be avoided with certainty, and on the other hand it is by carrying only one of the two arranged essentially concentrically to each other Cladding tubes with the drill bit possible, a lining of the Form drill holes in which the outer diameter of the Borehole lining not constant over the entire length is. Due to such changing external dimensions of the Borehole lining is particularly common in areas which have a smaller diameter of the borehole lining, minimizes the frictional force acting on the cladding tubes.

In order for such a telescopability or a separate separate pulling of the two concentrically to each other ensure arranged cladding tubes, the invention is in essentially characterized in that at least that external cladding tube is formed in several parts and in the area at least one connection of adjacent cladding tube sections over a neighboring one by relative rotation Elements uncouplable closure, especially via a Bayonet lock, are detachably coupled to the inner tube. Due to the multi-part design of the outer cladding tube and a decouplable connection of adjacent cladding tube sections it is possible after loosening the lock two adjacent cladding tube sections a cladding tube section move with, the other remains stationary and thus a borehole lining with changing diameters is achieved.

To ensure complete lining of the borehole and in order to carry along the internal ones or external cladding tube sections, the device according to the invention is preferably so trained that the concentric to each other Cladding tubes in each case in at least one end region Annular space between the cladding stop elements have and that in the area of a connecting element, in particular a sleeve element of the inner tubes, guide and Decoupling elements for adjacent, external cladding tube elements are arranged. By the at least concentrically arranged cladding tubes an end region directed into the annular space between the cladding tubes Having stop elements is a complete Pull apart the inner and outer cladding tubes avoided with certainty and further can according to the invention by providing a guide and decoupling element having a sleeve element of the inner tubes a targeted Carrying certain inner or outer pipe sections be ensured.

by removing the inner area of the drill bit through the annular space formed by the cladding tubes ensure, it is preferably provided that the concentric mutually arranged cladding tubes on the outside Area of the drill bit can be connected. In particular hiebei at least the outer cladding tube on the drill bit set so that a safe carrying of at least the outer casing in the area of the drill bit becomes.

Fig. 1 eine Teilansicht teilweise im Schnitt einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;

Fig. 2 eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles II der Fig. 1 auf die Bohrkrone der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung;

Fig. 3 in gegenüber der Darstellung gemäß Fig. 1 vergrößertem Maßstab wiederum teilweise im Schnitt eine Seitenansicht über einen vergrößerten Längenabschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 nach Entfernen des zentralen Teils der Bohrkrone und des Bohrgestänges;

Fig. 4 eine teilweise Schnittansicht eines mit der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung hergestellten Bohrloches mit gesetztem Anker;

Fig. 5 in einer zu Fig. 1 ähnlichen Darstellung eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;

Fig. 6 eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles VI der Fig. 5 auf die Bohrkrone dieser zweiten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 7 in einer zu Fig. 1 wiederum ähnlichen Darstellung eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens; und

Fig. 8 eine schematische Darstellung des innen- und aussenliegenden Hüllrohres, wobei in Fig. 8a die in Richtung zur Bohrkrone gesehen ersten Hüllrohrabschnitte in zusammengeschobener Ansicht gezeigt sind, in Fig. 8b die ersten und zweiten innen- und außenllegenden Abschnitte der Hüllrohre von der Bohrkrone aus gesehen in zusammengeschobendem Zustand dargestellt sind, in Fig. 8c dieselben wie in Fig. 8b gezeigten Hüllrohrabschnitte in teilweise ausgezogenem Zustand dargestellt sind und in Fig. 8d die Hüllrohrabschnitte in vollständig ausgezogenem Zustand dargestellt sind.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawing. In this show:

1 shows a partial view, partly in section, of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in the direction of arrow II of Figure 1 on the drill bit of the device according to the invention.

3, on an enlarged scale compared to the illustration according to FIG. 1, again partly in section, a side view of an enlarged length section of the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 after removal of the central part of the drill bit and the drill string;

4 shows a partial sectional view of a borehole produced with the device according to the invention with the anchor set;

5 shows, in a representation similar to FIG. 1, a modified embodiment of a device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention;

Fig. 6 is a view in the direction of arrow VI of Figure 5 on the drill bit of this second embodiment.

7 shows, in a representation similar to FIG. 1, a modified embodiment of a device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention; and

Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of the inner and outer cladding tube, wherein in Fig. 8a the first cladding tube sections viewed in the direction of the drill bit are shown in a collapsed view, in Fig. 8b the first and second inner and outer layering sections of the cladding tube from the drill bit are shown in the pushed-together state, in FIG. 8c the same as shown in FIG. 8b, the cladding tube sections are shown in the partially extended state and in FIG. 8d the cladding tube sections are shown in the fully extended state.

1 and 2, generally 1 denotes a drill bit, which consists of a central part, the so-called Pilot core bit 2 and a surrounding this pilot core bit 2 Ring core bit 3 exists. On the front face of the pilot drill bit 2 and the ring core bit 3 are hiebei per se known, common mining tools, such as in essential hemispherical hard material inserts 4 to Removal of the material provided.

At the end facing away from the mining surfaces of the drill bit 1 is a relatively small wall thickness with the drill bit 1 coupled by, for example, 2 mm cladding tube, a profiled, annular intermediate member for coupling 6 is used, which with step or nose-like Projections 7 in corresponding recesses both in Area of the core bit 3 and the foremost section of the outer cladding tube 5 engages. A pulled one, inner cladding tube 5 'has at its upper end region a stop element 29, which is close to the outer Cladding tube 5 rests. Carriage 6 takes place via coupling 6 of the outer cladding tube 5 in the arrow 8 Direction of drilling or driving through an axial tension, while the drill bit 1 opposite the cladding tubes 5 and 5 'is rotatably mounted, so that this rotating movement is not hindered when drilling the drill bit 1. It is thus apparent that the cladding tubes 5 and 5 ', which accordingly can be thin-walled, from the drill bit 1 are taken, the cladding tubes 5 and 5 ' schematically with 9 indicated drill pipe under training surrounded by a free space 10.

1 that the cladding tube 5 and the cladding tube 5 'in its foremost section a plurality distributed over the circumference, in the inserted state have overlapping passage openings 11, through which mined material according to arrow 12 in the Free space between the drill pipe 9 and the pipes 5 and 5 ' introduced and subsequently promoted to the outside world can. The drill pipe 9 can be designed as a tube or be provided with another line via which a gaseous or liquid detergent supplied and through Openings between the drill bit 1 and the passage openings 11 can be pressed into the free space 10.

The outer contour of the borehole to be produced is shown in FIG. 1 and 2 schematically indicated at 13. It is immediately clear that when using correspondingly thin-walled cladding tubes 5 and 5 ', which only a train in axial direction of the borehole through the drill bit 1 during are exposed to the mining process, the total The diameter of the borehole 13 is correspondingly smaller can be. After completion of the borehole 13 Pilot drill bit 2, which preferably has a circular shape has a different cross-section from the ring core bit 3 decoupled and together with the drill pipe through the Cladding tube 5 'deducted, so that the entire interior, which is defined by cladding tube 5 ', for example for insertion an anchor or a filler remains.

3 there is a larger length section shown, it being apparent that the pilot drill bit or the middle part 2 of the drill bit already was removed together with the drill pipe, so that in Drill hole 13 only the cladding tubes or lining tubes 5 and 5 'and the ring core bit 3 remain. From Fig. 3 is can also be seen that in addition to the coupling 6 between the Core bit or the remaining ring core bit 3 and the Cladding tube 5 in the foremost section via a corresponding Coupling element 14 is coupled to the drill bit. about the Openings 11 provided in the front section can for example, a backfill in the front Area of the borehole 13 for anchoring also in the Free space between the boundary of the borehole 13 and the outer cladding tube 5 are introduced. More lengths the outer cladding tubes 5 show this in their end portions projections 31 and 32, which with one in a sleeve 30, which two sections from the inside Cladding tubes 5 'firmly connected to each other, coupled are.

4 shows an embodiment in which after the removal of the drill pipe in the schematic in completely Sheathed tubes 5 and 5 'shown in the extended state an anchor indicated schematically with 15 can be introduced or is screwed in particular, this anchor 15 additionally in its exposed area via a screw connection 16 is supported or braced on the ground. Hiebei can also immediately when the anchor 15 is introduced a corresponding filling compound into the cladding tubes 5 and 5 'have been inserted to anchor the foremost one Section with the ring core bit remaining in the ground 3 ensure.

5 and 6 is in one to 1 and 2 similar representation a modified Embodiment shown, wherein again designated 5 Cladding tube directly on the outer circumference of a ring drill bit 17 is rotatably fixed and one with cutting edges 18th provided pilot drill bit is designated 19. The definition on the outer circumference of the ring drill bit 17 takes place in this Embodiment over correspondingly stepped or graduated Sub-areas both on the ring drill bit 17 and on Drill bit 1 facing end of the cladding tube 5, the corresponding Profilings are designated 20 and 21. The inner cladding tube and its stop element are again designated 5 'or 29. The one with the drill bit 1 coupled drill pipe is designated 22. Also at This embodiment will be completed after the borehole the central part or the pilot drill bit 19 of the Drill bit 1 together with the drill string 22 through the Pulled out the interior of the cladding tube 5 or 5 ', whereupon a further consequence, for example, an anchor is introduced can be and / or an additional backfill with a hardening material, especially cement milk can be.

Instead of inserting an anchor into one with the cladding tubes 5 and 5 'lined borehole 13 may be such Hole 13 also for example for drainage or Serve drainage, in which case spread over the Length of the cladding tubes 5 and 5 'and a plurality over the circumference perforations or perforations.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 is again with 1 a possibly multi-part core bit with hard material inserts 4, with the drill bit 1 entrained cladding tubes are designated 5 and 5 '. While in the preceding embodiment, the cladding tubes 5, 5 ' for example made of a metallic material can be, are in the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 the cladding tubes 5 and 5 'as well as the stop element 29 made of plastic.

The definition on the drill bit 1 is made via a large number of coupling elements in the form of balls 23, which in corresponding Recesses 24 semi-circular in cross section at the back of the drill bit 1 and complementary, semicircular Recesses 25 of a connector 26 added are, the connector 26 directly with the cladding tube 5 is connected from plastic. The balls 23, which the coupling elements between the drill bit 1 and form the cladding tube 5, thus constitute a coupling according to Art a ball bearing, which makes a correspondingly simple Twist between the cladding tube 5 and the drill bit 1 at the rotating or rotational movement can be achieved. Since a cladding tube 5 made of plastic has a correspondingly high flexibility may have are in the immediate vicinity of the Drill bit 1 surrounding area encompassing the cladding tube 5 additionally on the inside a support tube 27 and on the A support tube 28 is provided on the outside, between which then the cladding tube directly to the connecting piece 26 5 made of plastic attached or clamped accordingly , these additional supports 27 and 28 can be formed, for example, from metal.

For a coordination of the material properties of the balls 23, which can be made of metal or plastic the bearing surfaces or bearing elements in the area of the recesses 24 and 25, the connector 26 and the extension the drill bit 1 also made of metal or plastic be formed or provided with attractive coatings his.

In Fig. 8 are the inside and outside Sheathed tubes 5 'and 5, as shown during the tunneling the drill bit against each other in the rock or earth material can be moved or slid together. 8a shows the direction towards the drill bit 1 seen first cladding tube sections 5 and 5 'in the pushed together Position, i.e. in the position at the beginning of the Drilling. The outer cladding tube section 5 has this schematically at its front end an intermediate member 6, which to fix the outer cladding tube section 5 the drill bit 1 (not shown in FIG. 8) is intended 8 in Fig. The direction of advance drill bit 1 by Arrows 33 is indicated. On his facing away from the drill bit At the end, the outer cladding tube 5 has a projection 34 on which is slidably supported on the inner cladding tube 5 ' is. The analog is at the end facing the drill bit 1 a projection 29 of the inner cladding tube 5 'is provided, which with the projection 34 of the outer cladding tube 5 in undressed state can interact.

In Fig. 8b, the first two cladding tube sections of the outer and inner cladding tube 5 and 5 'schematically indicated, again in the direction of the drill bit 1 seen, first cladding tube section 5 at its the end facing away from the drill bit 1 has a projection 34, which in the extended state with the projection 29 of the inner cladding tube 5 'interacts. The two shown outer cladding tubes 5 are not directly with one another connected, but only via a sleeve 30, which the firmly connects two inner cladding tubes 5 ', connected. For this connection are on the two outer ones Cladding tube sections 5 at the end regions facing each other of the projections 31, 32 provided, which in corresponding Engage recesses of the sleeve element 30 can. When pushed together, both are outer cladding tube sections 5 and the inner cladding tube sections 5 'firmly connected to each other by means of the sleeve 30.

In order to continue driving into the rock or Earth material also the length of the inner cladding tube section available as lining for the borehole, is, as shown in Fig. 8c, by a rotary movement the second seen from the direction of the drill bit 1 Cladding tube section 5 with respect to the sleeve 30 of the inner Cladding tube 5 'of the projection 31 out of engagement with the corresponding Brought recess of the sleeve 30, whereupon by a further advance of the drill bit 1 in the direction of Arrow 31, the outer cladding tube 5 on the inner cladding tube 5 ' is slidably guided until the on the cladding tubes 5 and 5 ' provided stops 29 and 34 abut each other.

So that the length of the first cladding tube section 5 ' Seen direction of the drill bit 1, for a lining of a Borehole can be used, will subsequently by holding the outer cladding tube 5 to the End facing away from the drill bit 1 a counter-pull against the advance movement causes the projection 32 of the first outer cladding tube section 5 from the corresponding recess the sleeve 30 of the inner cladding tube 5 'is torn and the cladding tube section viewed in the direction of the drill bit 1 5 of the outer cladding tube sliding on the first Cladding tube section 5 'pulled in the direction of the propulsion movement becomes.

In the fully extended state as shown in Fig. 8d is shown is the lining of the borehole profiled, which in particular the on Cladding tubes acting frictional forces can be significantly reduced can.

Claims (22)

1. A method for drilling, in particular impact drilling or rotary percussion drilling, and lining of and/or inserting of roof bolts into holes in soil or rock material, wherein during the process a drill hole (13) is formed by means of a drill bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) mounted on a drill rod assembly (9) by a percussive and/or rotary movement and a lining is formed by means of a jacket tube (5), wherein after completion of the drilling procedure the drill bit is removed from the jacket tube (5) at least partially together with the drill rod assembly (9), characterized in that with the advance movement during drilling at least one thin-walled jacket tube coupled at the end facing away from the work face with the drill bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) being divided in radial direction is introduced into the drill hole (13) in the axial direction by means of the drill bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) only by tensile action and that after the removal of the drill rod assembly and of the drill bit a roof bolt or anchor (15) is introduced into the jacket tube(s) (5) and/or a filling is realized with a solidifying material.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drill bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) is arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the jacket tube(s) (5).
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that worked material is introduced into the interior of the jacket tube(s) (5) via at least one aperture (11) provided in the region following upon the drill bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) and is extracted from the drill hole (13) in the free space provided between the jacket tube(s) (5) and the drill rod assembly (9).
4. A device for drilling, in particular impact drilling or rotary percussion drilling, and lining of and/or inserting of roof bolts into holes (13) in soil or rock material, wherein the device comprises a drill bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) mounted on a drill rod assembly (9), which makes a drill hole (13) by a percussive and/or rotary movement, characterized in that the drill bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) is designed to be divided in its radial direction and that, on the external periphery of the drill bit (1) on the end facing away from the work face, at least one thin-walled jacket tube (5) of the device surrounding the drill rod assembly (9, 22) is positively connected with the drill bit (1) via at least one coupling element (6, 20, 21, 23) of the device only for tensile entrainment in the longitudinal direction of the drill hole (13).
5. A device according to claim 4, characterized in that the drill bit (1, 13, 17) is rotatably connected with the jacket tube(s) (5) via the coupling element (6, 20, 21, 23).
6. A device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the coupling elements (6, 20, 21) are formed by offset peripheral regions of the drill bit (2, 17) and of the jacket tube (5) with matching complementary profiles, optionally by interposing a profiled annular intermediate member (6).
7. A device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the coupling elements are formed by a plurality of balls (23) arranged in recesses (24) provided on the drill bit (1) and having substantially semi-circular cross sections and complementary recesses (25) provided on a connection piece (26) of the jacket tube(s) (5) following upon the drill bit (1).
8. A device according to claim 7, characterized in that the connection piece (26) of the at least one jacket tube (5) and/or the connection zone of the drill bit (1) are made of metal, synthetic material or a coated material.
9. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the coupling elements (6, 20, 21, 23) between the drill bit (2, 17) and the jacket tube(s) (5) at least partially are made of a damping material or are coated with a damping material.
10. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the jacket tube(s) (5) in its (their) end region(s) facing the drill bit (1) comprise(s) at least one passage opening (11), in particular, several bores or passage slits uniformly distributed over the circumference of the jacket tube (5).
11. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the jacket tube(s) (5), over its (their) total length(s), is (are) designed to have perforations substantially uniformly distributed over the periphery.
12. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the drill bit (1) at least is comprised of a central inner part (2, 19) and an outer part (3) which are detachably coupled to each other for common advance movement, the central part (2, 19) of the drill bit (1) having a slightly smaller external diameter relative to the internal diameter of the inner jacket tube (5).
13. A device according to claim 12, characterized in that, with a view to rotational entrainment, the central inner part (12) of the drill bit (1) has a cross section deviating from the circular form and is led out of the drill bit (1) through an appropriate opening of the outer part (3) of the drill bit (1).
14. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that the external diameter of the outer jacket tube (5) substantially corresponds to the external dimensions of the drill bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) in the radial direction.
15. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that the jacket tube(s) (5) has (have) a wall thickness of from 1 to 3 mm and, in particular, about 2 mm.
16. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that the jacket tube(s) (5) is (are) made of metal or synthetic material.
17. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 16, characterized in that, after the removal of the drill bit (3, 19) and of the drill rod assembly (9, 22), a roof bolt (15) capable of being braced, for instance, in its portion projecting out of the soil (16) is insertable and, in particular, screwable into the jacket tube (5).
18. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 17, characterized in that two jacket tubes (5, 5') are arranged substantially concentric with each other and held at a distance from each other by means of spacer elements or stop elements (29) provided in the interspace between the jacket tubes (5, 5'), preferably on one of the jacket tube (5, 5') surfaces facing each other.
19. A device according to claim 18, characterized in that at least the externally arranged jacket tube (5) is comprised of several parts and, in the region of at least one junction of neighbouring jacket tube portions, are detachably coupled with the inner tube (5') via a fixation (31, 32) capable of being decoupled by the relative rotation of neighbouring elements, in particular a bayonet catch.
20. A device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the concentrically arranged jacket tubes (5, 5') in at least one end region each comprise stop elements (29, 34) extending into the annular space provided between the jacket tubes (5, 5') and that guiding and decoupling means for adjoining externally located jacket tube portions are arranged in the region of a connection element, in particular an inner tube sleeve element (30).
21. A device according to claim 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that the concentrically arranged jacket tubes (5, 5') are connectable to the external region of the drill bit (1).
22. A device according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that at least the externally located jacket tube (5) is detachably fixed to the drill bit (1).

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