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EP0800425B1 - Method of manufacturing internally geared parts - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing internally geared parts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0800425B1
EP0800425B1 EP95942196A EP95942196A EP0800425B1 EP 0800425 B1 EP0800425 B1 EP 0800425B1 EP 95942196 A EP95942196 A EP 95942196A EP 95942196 A EP95942196 A EP 95942196A EP 0800425 B1 EP0800425 B1 EP 0800425B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
mandrel
pressing
flow turning
shaping tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95942196A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0800425A1 (en
Inventor
Willi Zimmermann
Bernd Stein
Jürgen Zimmermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
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Publication of EP0800425A1 publication Critical patent/EP0800425A1/en
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Publication of EP0800425B1 publication Critical patent/EP0800425B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • B21H5/025—Internally geared wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H7/00—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons
    • B21H7/18—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons grooved pins; Rolling grooves, e.g. oil grooves, in articles
    • B21H7/187—Rolling helical or rectilinear grooves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing internally toothed parts according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE-A1 24 20 014 describes a generic cylindrical ironing process described in which a tubular workpiece is a rotating extrusion process is subjected. There occurs a plastic deformation or a punctiform one Dough of the material. This procedure differs Basically from rolling, hammering or deep drawing, as this involves strain hardening of the material occurs.
  • the workpiece is on a rotatably driven mandrel, one or more spinning rollers from the outside lay against the workpiece during a longitudinal movement. Between the mandrel or a forming tool and the spinning roller or spinning rollers finds one Flow deformation of the metal takes place, reducing the wall thickness of the workpiece and its length is increased.
  • the invention has for its object a method according to the preamble of To improve claim 1 overall so much that series production is guaranteed is.
  • the forming tool according to the invention consists of chrome and molybdenum-containing materials (e.g. according to DIN 1.2343; 1.2344; 1.2606) and is tempered and surface hardened. It will then preferably still be polished. These measures make the forming tool extremely durable and for suitable for continuous use.
  • the distance of the forming tool from the holder of the mandrel is advantageously greater than or equal to 200 mm, preferably 500 mm. That measure is of course depending on the stability and size of the machine. In any Case must be ensured that the forming tool has a certain deflection can perform.
  • the pressure rollers are preferably made of HSS steel or hard metal.
  • the entry angle of the spinning roller or spinning rollers is in preferred embodiment between 5-45 °, the outlet angle between 0-20 ° and the outer roller radius between 0.5-25 mm.
  • Another feature of the invention provides that the workpiece as pre-turned or forged pot-shaped raw part on the Forming tool is pushed on. As a result, the workpiece is on the Forming tool firmly anchored.
  • the pressure rollers can better grip the workpiece advantageously a constriction on the outer end face of the workpiece provided whose depth is 0.2-0.6 x S, where S is the thickness of the wall of the Workpiece.
  • the constriction expediently extends over an angle ⁇ of a maximum of 45 ° into the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece.
  • the ironing press can also be carried out in the Counter-rotation pressing processes are carried out.
  • a tailstock guided in the machine and mandrel Forming tool and tailstock form one unit.
  • the workpiece is here as Pot-shaped blank clamped between the forming tool and mandrel.
  • the double-sided pot-shaped workpiece advantageously has a blank constriction on one side towards the middle, at an angle of a maximum of 20 ° into the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece and one Depth of 0.2-0.6 x S, where S is the thickness of the wall of the workpiece.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a part of a pressing mandrel 10 which consists of a mandrel 1 with a forming tool 2 attached to the end side. Not Shown is the holding of the mandrel 10 in a machine.
  • the Forming tool 2 is on an end extension 11 of the mandrel 1 non-rotatably attached.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of such a forming tool 2 in section.
  • the forming tool 2 On the surface of the forming tool 2 are longitudinal teeth, grooves or grooves arranged, the negative of a toothing to be produced represent.
  • a cup-shaped workpiece 4 is pushed onto the forming tool 2 (see Fig. 1).
  • Pressure rollers 3 engage the workpiece 4 from the outside by the force of the pressure rollers 3, a flow deformation of the metal Workpiece 4 takes place.
  • the wall thickness is reduced and the length enlarged at the same time.
  • the synchronous pressing method is shown here.
  • the distance of the forming tool 2 is not shown holding the mandrel 10 selected in the machine so large that the forming tool 2 has a certain deflection ⁇ to the machine axis 5 can perform. This allows the forming tool 2 between the Center the pressure rollers 3 yourself.
  • the distance of the forming tool 2 from the For this reason, the holder should be greater than or equal to 200 mm, preferably 500 mm be. So that the forming tool 2 is more durable, it is according to the invention Chromium and molybdenum-containing materials manufactured and tempered as well surface hardened.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a mandrel 10 with a helical forming tool 2 and a workpiece 4 placed thereon, which is just pressed onto the forming tool 2 by a pressure roller 3.
  • this is particularly important Forming tool 2 due to the axially flowing material to break the teeth claimed.
  • the forming parameters such as feed the pressure rollers, degree of reduction, roller geometry and speed of the machine the tendency of the material to twist during forming can be used. As a result, the forming tool 2 is relieved and thus a longer one Service life reached.
  • the forming of the material in the ironing process creates one strong solidification of the material. This solidification can be caused by corresponding choice of the degree of deformation and the tool geometry is influenced become. This is a subsequent remuneration and hardening of internally toothed parts unnecessary.
  • the work hardening as well as a possible Surface hardening by known nitriding processes ensure that desired hardness and wear resistance of the parts.
  • Fig. 3 shows the ironing press in the counter-current process.
  • a tailstock 9 guided in the machine is arranged on the forming tool 2, whereby mandrel 1, forming tool 2 and tailstock 9 form a unit.
  • the Workpiece 4 is a pot-shaped blank between the forming tool 2 and mandrel 1 or a holding element 12 clamped.
  • the spinning roller or spinning rollers 3 grip the end of the workpiece 4 facing the tailstock 9 on the latter and move from there towards mandrel 1.
  • Fig. 4 shows the production of an internally toothed part with a double-sided Gearing, being a combination of the synchronous pressing method and the counter-rotation pressing method is used.
  • a tailstock 9 and a mandrel 1 two forming tools 2a, 2b are arranged here, wherein there is a double-sided pot-shaped between the forming tools 2a, 2b Workpiece 4 'is located.
  • the ironing press in the synchronous pressing process is done by a pressure roller 3b, which runs from the center of the workpiece 4 'in the direction of the mandrel 1 is moved.
  • the counter-rotating pressing process is done by a tailstock 9 adjacent spinning roller 3a, the end of the workpiece 4 'towards the center is moved.
  • Fig. 6 shows in section a pressure roller 3.
  • the pressure rollers 3 advantageously made of HSS steel or a hard metal.
  • the Inlet angle ⁇ of the pressure roller 3 is advantageously between 5-45 ° Exit angle ⁇ between 0-20 ° and the outer roller radius r between 0.5-25 mm.
  • the roll thickness B is advantageously between 60 and 260 mm the roll width D between 20 to 90 mm.
  • the workpiece 4, 4 ' is advantageously turned as a pre-turned one or forged raw part pushed onto the forming tool 2.
  • Fig. 7 is a workpiece 4 for use advantageously for the Synchronous pressing method shown.
  • Fig. 1 shows a corresponding arrangement.
  • the constriction 7 goes over one Angle ⁇ of a maximum of 45 ° in the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 4. This constriction 7 enables the pressure rollers 3 to be better gripped.
  • FIG. 8 shows a section of a double-pot-shaped workpiece 4 'as a blank.
  • This workpiece 4 ' is used in the device described in FIG. 4.
  • the workpiece 4 ' has a constriction directed towards the center on one side 7 ', which is at an angle ⁇ of maximum 20 ° in the outer peripheral surface 8 of the Workpiece 4 'merges and has a depth a of 0.2-0.6 x S, where S is the Thickness of the wall of the workpiece 4 'is as a blank.
  • This constriction 7 'is for the better engagement of the pressure roller 3b is provided in FIG. 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP95/05105 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 17, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 17, 1997 PCT Filed Dec. 22, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/20050 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 4, 1996A flow-turning process for manufacturing internally geared parts, including a press mandrel (10) comprising a mandrel (1) on which is fitted a forming tool (2) and one or more pressure rollers (3). A workpiece (4) is held between the forming tool (2) or press mandrel (10) and press rollers (3) and undergoes plastic deformation under the force exerted by the press rollers (3). The forming tool comprises chromium- and molybdenum-containing materials and is tempered and surface-hardened, and the distance between the forming tool (2) and the mounting of the press mandrel (10) in the machine is sufficient to permit a degree of deviation ( alpha ) by the forming tool (2) relative to the machine axis (5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von innenverzahnten Teilen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing internally toothed parts according to the preamble of claim 1.

In der DE-A1 24 20 014 ist ein gattungsgemäßes zylindrisches Abstreckdrückverfahren beschrieben, bei dem ein rohrförmiges Werkstück einem rotierenden Fließpreßvorgang unterworfen wird. Es tritt dabei eine plastische Verformung bzw. ein punktförmiges Teigigwerden des Werkstoffs ein. Dieses Verfahren unterscheidet sich grundsätzlich vom Walzen, Hämmern oder Tiefziehen, da hierbei eine Kaltverfestigung des Werkstoffs eintritt.DE-A1 24 20 014 describes a generic cylindrical ironing process described in which a tubular workpiece is a rotating extrusion process is subjected. There occurs a plastic deformation or a punctiform one Dough of the material. This procedure differs Basically from rolling, hammering or deep drawing, as this involves strain hardening of the material occurs.

Beim beschriebenen Abstreckdrückverfahren befindet sich das Werkstück auf einem drehbar angetriebenen Drückdorn, wobei von außen eine oder mehrere Drückrollen während einer Längsbewegung gegen das Werkstück anlegen. Zwischen dem Drückdorn bzw. einem Umformwerkzeug und der Drückrolle bzw. den Drückrollen findet eine Fließverformung des Metalls statt, wobei die Wandstärke des Werkstücks verringert und seine Länge vergrößert wird.In the ironing press method described, the workpiece is on a rotatably driven mandrel, one or more spinning rollers from the outside lay against the workpiece during a longitudinal movement. Between the mandrel or a forming tool and the spinning roller or spinning rollers finds one Flow deformation of the metal takes place, reducing the wall thickness of the workpiece and its length is increased.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 insgesamt so stark zu verbessern, daß eine Serienfertigung gewährleistet ist.The invention has for its object a method according to the preamble of To improve claim 1 overall so much that series production is guaranteed is.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of the claim 1 solved.

Dadurch, daß der Abstand des Umformwerkzeugs von der Halterung des Drückdorns in der Maschine so groß ist, daß das Umformwerkzeug sich unter dem Druck der gleichmäßig auf dem Umfang angreifenden Drückrollen durch Auslenkung des Dorns selbsttätig zentrieren kann, ist eine sichere Fertigung ohne ständige Werkzeugbrüche durch Verspannungen unter dem äußeren Rollendruck gewährleistet. The fact that the distance of the forming tool from the holder of the mandrel in the machine is so large that the forming tool is under the pressure of pressure rollers acting evenly on the circumference by deflecting the mandrel can center automatically is a safe production without constant tool breaks guaranteed by tension under the external roller pressure.

Das Umformwerkzeug besteht erfindungsgemäß aus chrom- und molybdänhaltigen Werkstoffen (z.B. nach DIN 1.2343; 1.2344; 1.2606) und ist vergütet sowie oberflächengehärtet. Vorzugsweise wird es anschließend noch poliert. Durch diese Maßnahmen ist das Umformwerkzeug extrem haltbar und für den Dauereinsatz geeignet.The forming tool according to the invention consists of chrome and molybdenum-containing materials (e.g. according to DIN 1.2343; 1.2344; 1.2606) and is tempered and surface hardened. It will then preferably still be polished. These measures make the forming tool extremely durable and for suitable for continuous use.

Der Abstand des Umformwerkzeugs von der Halterung des Dorns ist vorteilhafterweise größer gleich 200 mm, bevorzugt 500 mm. Dieses Maß ist selbstverständlich abhängig von der Stabilität und Größe der Maschine. Auf jeden Fall muß sichergestellt sein, daß das Umformwerkzeug eine gewisse Auslenkung vollziehen kann.The distance of the forming tool from the holder of the mandrel is advantageously greater than or equal to 200 mm, preferably 500 mm. That measure is of course depending on the stability and size of the machine. In any Case must be ensured that the forming tool has a certain deflection can perform.

Die Drückrollen sind vorzugsweise aus HSS-Stahl bzw. Hartmetall hergestellt. Außerdem liegt der Einlaufwinkel der Drückrolle bzw. der Drückrollen in bevorzugter Ausführungsform zwischen 5-45°, der Auslaufwinkel zwischen 0-20° und der äußere Rollenradius zwischen 0,5-25 mm.The pressure rollers are preferably made of HSS steel or hard metal. In addition, the entry angle of the spinning roller or spinning rollers is in preferred embodiment between 5-45 °, the outlet angle between 0-20 ° and the outer roller radius between 0.5-25 mm.

Ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Merkmal sieht vor, daß das Werkstück als vorgedrehtes oder vorgeschmiedetes topfförmiges Rohteil auf das Umformwerkzeug aufgeschoben wird. Hierdurch ist das Werkstück auf dem Umformwerkzeug fest verankert.Another feature of the invention provides that the workpiece as pre-turned or forged pot-shaped raw part on the Forming tool is pushed on. As a result, the workpiece is on the Forming tool firmly anchored.

Damit die Drückrollen am Werkstück besser angreifen können, ist vorteilhafterweise an der äußeren Stirnseite des Werkstücks eine Einschnürung vorgesehen, deren Tiefe 0,2-0,6 x S beträgt, wobei S die Dicke der Wand des Werkstücks ist. Zweckmäßigerweise geht die Einschnürung über einen Winkel δ von maximal 45° in die äußere Umfangsfläche des Werkstücks über.So that the pressure rollers can better grip the workpiece advantageously a constriction on the outer end face of the workpiece provided whose depth is 0.2-0.6 x S, where S is the thickness of the wall of the Workpiece. The constriction expediently extends over an angle δ of a maximum of 45 ° into the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece.

In einer bevorzugten Variante kann das Abstreckdrücken auch im Gegenlaufdrückverfahren durchgeführt werden. Hierbei ist angrenzend an das Umformwerkzeug ein in der Maschine geführter Reitstock angeordnet und Dorn, Umformwerkzeug und Reitstock bilden eine Einheit. Das Werkstück ist hierbei als topfförmiges Rohteil zwischen Umformwerkzeug und Dorn eingespannt.In a preferred variant, the ironing press can also be carried out in the Counter-rotation pressing processes are carried out. Here is adjacent to that Forming tool a tailstock guided in the machine and mandrel, Forming tool and tailstock form one unit. The workpiece is here as Pot-shaped blank clamped between the forming tool and mandrel.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird zur Herstellung von innenverzahnten Teilen mit einer doppelseitigen Verzahnung eine Kombination aus dem Gleichlaufdrückvenfahren und dem Gegenlaufdrückverfahren angewendet, wobei sich zwischen den beiden Umformwerkzeugen ein doppelseitiges topfförmiges Rohteil als Werkstück befindet, eine dem Reitstock benachbarte Drückrolle im Gegenlaufdrückverfahren vom Ende des Rohteils zur Mitte hin fortbewegt wird und eine dem Dorn benachbarte Drückrolle im Gleichlaufdrückverfahren von der Mitte des Rohteils aus in Richtung Dorn fortbewegt wird.In a further preferred embodiment, for the production of internally toothed parts with a double-sided toothing a combination from the synchronous pressing method and the counter-rotating pressing method applied, where between the two forming tools double-sided pot-shaped blank as a workpiece, one the tailstock Adjacent spinning roller in the counter-rotating process from the end of the blank to Is moved in the middle and a spinning roller adjacent to the mandrel in the Synchronization pressing process from the center of the blank towards the mandrel is moved.

Vorteilhafterweise weist das doppelseitige topfförmige Werkstück als Rohteil eine auf einer Seite zur Mitte hin gerichtete Einschnürung auf, die in einem Winkel von maximal 20° in die äußere Umfangsfläche des Werkstücks übergeht und eine Tiefe von 0,2-0,6 x S aufweist, wobei S die Dicke der Wand des Werkstücks ist.The double-sided pot-shaped workpiece advantageously has a blank constriction on one side towards the middle, at an angle of a maximum of 20 ° into the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece and one Depth of 0.2-0.6 x S, where S is the thickness of the wall of the workpiece.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Figuren, die nachfolgend beschrieben sind. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Drückdorn mit aufgelegtem Werkstück und angelegten Drückrollen im Gleichlaufdrückverfahren,
Fig. 2
ein Drückdorn mit einem schrägverzahnten Umformwerkzeug,
Fig. 3
eine Anordnung zum Abstreckdrücken im Gegenlaufdrückverfahren,
Fig. 4
eine Anordnung zum Abstreckdrücken eines Werkstücks mit doppelseitiger Verzahnung,
Fig. 5
im Schnitt ein Umformwerkzeug,
Fig. 6
im Schnitt eine Drückrolle,
Fig. 7
im Schnitt ein topfförmiges Werkstück als Rohteil und
Fig. 8
im Schnitt ein doppeltopfförmiges Werkstück als Rohteil.
Further features of the invention emerge from the figures, which are described below. It shows:
Fig. 1
a mandrel with a workpiece placed on it and spinning rollers in the synchronous spinning process,
Fig. 2
a mandrel with a helical forming tool,
Fig. 3
an arrangement for the ironing press in the counter-rotation pressing method,
Fig. 4
an arrangement for ironing a workpiece with double-sided toothing,
Fig. 5
on average a forming tool,
Fig. 6
on average a spinning roller,
Fig. 7
on average a pot-shaped workpiece as a blank and
Fig. 8
on average, a double-pot-shaped workpiece as a blank.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch einen Teil eines Drückdorns 10, der aus einem Dorn 1 mit einem an der Endseite angebrachten Umformwerkzeug 2 besteht. Nicht gezeigt ist die Halterung des Drückdorns 10 in einer Maschine. Das Umformwerkzeug 2 ist auf einer stirnseitigen Erweiterung 11 des Dorns 1 drehfest aufgesetzt. 1 schematically shows a part of a pressing mandrel 10 which consists of a mandrel 1 with a forming tool 2 attached to the end side. Not Shown is the holding of the mandrel 10 in a machine. The Forming tool 2 is on an end extension 11 of the mandrel 1 non-rotatably attached.

Fig. 5 zeigt im Schnitt eine Ausführungsform eines solchen Umformwerkzeugs 2. Auf der Oberfläche des Umformwerkzeugs 2 sind längsverlaufende Zähne, Rillen oder Nuten angeordnet, die das Negativ einer herzustellenden Verzahnung darstellen.5 shows an embodiment of such a forming tool 2 in section. On the surface of the forming tool 2 are longitudinal teeth, grooves or grooves arranged, the negative of a toothing to be produced represent.

Auf das Umformwerkzeug 2 ist ein topfförmiges Werkstück 4 aufgeschoben (siehe Fig. 1). Von außen greifen Drückrollen 3 auf das Werkstück 4 an, wobei durch die Krafteinwirkung der Drückrollen 3 eine Fließverformung des Metalls des Werkstücks 4 erfolgt. Dabei wird dessen Wandstärke verringert und die Länge gleichzeitig vergrößert. Dargestellt ist hier das Gleichlaufdrückverfahren.A cup-shaped workpiece 4 is pushed onto the forming tool 2 (see Fig. 1). Pressure rollers 3 engage the workpiece 4 from the outside by the force of the pressure rollers 3, a flow deformation of the metal Workpiece 4 takes place. The wall thickness is reduced and the length enlarged at the same time. The synchronous pressing method is shown here.

Erfindungsgemäß ist der Abstand des Umformwerkzeugs 2 von der nicht gezeigten Halterung des Drückdorns 10 in der Maschine so groß gewählt, daß das Umformwerkzeug 2 eine gewisse Auslenkung α zur Maschinenachse 5 ausführen kann. Hierdurch kann sich das Umformwerkzeug 2 zwischen den Drückrollen 3 selbst zentrieren. Der Abstand des Umformwerkzeugs 2 von der Halterung sollte aus diesem Grund größer gleich 200 mm, bevorzugt 500 mm sein. Damit das Umformwerkzeug 2 haltbarer ist, ist es erfindungsgemäß aus chrom- und molybdänhaltigen Werkstoffen hergestellt und vergütet sowie oberflächengehärtet.According to the invention, the distance of the forming tool 2 is not shown holding the mandrel 10 selected in the machine so large that the forming tool 2 has a certain deflection α to the machine axis 5 can perform. This allows the forming tool 2 between the Center the pressure rollers 3 yourself. The distance of the forming tool 2 from the For this reason, the holder should be greater than or equal to 200 mm, preferably 500 mm be. So that the forming tool 2 is more durable, it is according to the invention Chromium and molybdenum-containing materials manufactured and tempered as well surface hardened.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ausführungsform eines Drückdorns 10 mit einem schrägverzahnten Umformwerkzeug 2 und einem aufgelegten Werkstück 4, welches gerade von einer Drückrolle 3 auf das Umformwerkzeug 2 gedrückt wird. Bei der Formung von schrägverzahnten Teilen wird besonders das Umformwerkzeug 2 durch den axial fließenden Werkstoff auf Bruch der Zähne beansprucht. Durch entsprechende Wahl der Umformparameter wie Vorschub der Drückrollen, Reduktionsgrad, Rollengeometrie und Drehzahl der Maschine kann die Neigung des Werkstoffs zur Torsion beim Umformen genutzt werden. Hierdurch wird das Umformwerkzeug 2 entlastet und damit eine längere Standzeit erreicht.Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a mandrel 10 with a helical forming tool 2 and a workpiece 4 placed thereon, which is just pressed onto the forming tool 2 by a pressure roller 3. When shaping helical parts, this is particularly important Forming tool 2 due to the axially flowing material to break the teeth claimed. By appropriate selection of the forming parameters such as feed the pressure rollers, degree of reduction, roller geometry and speed of the machine the tendency of the material to twist during forming can be used. As a result, the forming tool 2 is relieved and thus a longer one Service life reached.

Durch die Umformung des Werkstoffs beim Abstreckdrückverfahren entsteht eine starke Verfestigung des Werkstoffs. Diese Verfestigung kann durch entsprechende Wahl des Umformgrades und der Werkzeuggeometrie beeinflußt werden. Damit wird eine nachträgliche Vergütung und Härtung von innenverzahnten Teilen unnötig. Die Kaltverfestigung sowie eine eventuelle Oberflächenhärtung durch bekannte Nitrierverfahren gewährleisten die gewünschte Härte und Verschleißfestigkeit der Teile.The forming of the material in the ironing process creates one strong solidification of the material. This solidification can be caused by corresponding choice of the degree of deformation and the tool geometry is influenced become. This is a subsequent remuneration and hardening of internally toothed parts unnecessary. The work hardening as well as a possible Surface hardening by known nitriding processes ensure that desired hardness and wear resistance of the parts.

Fig. 3 zeigt das Abstreckdrücken im Gegenlaufverfahren. Hierbei ist angrenzend an das Umformwerkzeug 2 ein in der Maschine geführter Reitstock 9 angeordnet, wobei Dorn 1, Umformwerkzeug 2 und Reitstock 9 eine Einheit bilden. Das Werkstück 4 ist als topfförmiges Rohteil zwischen Umformwerkzeug 2 und Dorn 1 bzw. einem Halteelement 12 eingespannt. Die Drückrolle bzw. die Drückrollen 3 greifen an der zum Reitstock 9 gewandten Endseite des Werkstücks 4 an diesem an und bewegen sich von dort aus in Richtung Dorn 1.Fig. 3 shows the ironing press in the counter-current process. Here is contiguous a tailstock 9 guided in the machine is arranged on the forming tool 2, whereby mandrel 1, forming tool 2 and tailstock 9 form a unit. The Workpiece 4 is a pot-shaped blank between the forming tool 2 and mandrel 1 or a holding element 12 clamped. The spinning roller or spinning rollers 3 grip the end of the workpiece 4 facing the tailstock 9 on the latter and move from there towards mandrel 1.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Herstellung eines innenverzahnten Teils mit einer doppelseitigen Verzahnung, wobei eine Kombination aus dem Gleichlaufdrückverfahren und dem Gegenlaufdrückverfahren angewendet wird. Zwischen einem Reitstock 9 und einem Dorn 1 sind hier zwei Umformwerkzeuge 2a, 2b angeordnet, wobei sich zwischen den Umformwerkzeugen 2a, 2b ein doppelseitiges topfförmiges Werkstück 4' befindet. Dieses Werkstück 4' wird noch eingehender in Fig. 8 beschrieben. Das Abstreckdrücken im Gleichlaufdrückverfahren geschieht durch eine Drückrolle 3b, die von der Mitte des Werkstücks 4' aus in Richtung Dorn 1 bewegt wird. Das Gegenlaufdrückverfahren geschieht durch eine dem Reitstock 9 benachbarte Drückrolle 3a, die vom Ende des Werkstücks 4' zur Mitte hin bewegt wird.Fig. 4 shows the production of an internally toothed part with a double-sided Gearing, being a combination of the synchronous pressing method and the counter-rotation pressing method is used. Between a tailstock 9 and a mandrel 1, two forming tools 2a, 2b are arranged here, wherein there is a double-sided pot-shaped between the forming tools 2a, 2b Workpiece 4 'is located. This workpiece 4 'is shown in more detail in FIG. 8 described. The ironing press in the synchronous pressing process is done by a pressure roller 3b, which runs from the center of the workpiece 4 'in the direction of the mandrel 1 is moved. The counter-rotating pressing process is done by a tailstock 9 adjacent spinning roller 3a, the end of the workpiece 4 'towards the center is moved.

Fig. 6 zeigt im Schnitt eine Drückrolle 3. Zur Verankerung weist diese eine innere Bohrung mit einer Nut 13 auf. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Drückrollen 3 vorteilhafterweise aus HSS-Stahl bzw. einem Hartmetall hergestellt. Der Einlaufwinkel β der Drückrolle 3 liegt vorteilhafterweise zwischen 5-45°, der Auslaufwinkel Θ zwischen 0-20° und der äußere Rollenradius r zwischen 0,5-25 mm. Die Rollendicke B beträgt vorteilhafterweise zwischen 60 und 260 mm und die Rollenbreite D zwischen 20 bis 90 mm.Fig. 6 shows in section a pressure roller 3. For anchoring this has an inner Hole with a groove 13. According to the invention, the pressure rollers 3 advantageously made of HSS steel or a hard metal. Of the Inlet angle β of the pressure roller 3 is advantageously between 5-45 ° Exit angle Θ between 0-20 ° and the outer roller radius r between 0.5-25 mm. The roll thickness B is advantageously between 60 and 260 mm the roll width D between 20 to 90 mm.

Wie schon erwähnt, wird das Werkstück 4,4' vorteilhafterweise als vorgedrehtes oder vorgeschmiedetes Rohteil auf das Umformwerkzeug 2 geschoben.As already mentioned, the workpiece 4, 4 'is advantageously turned as a pre-turned one or forged raw part pushed onto the forming tool 2.

In Fig. 7 ist ein Werkstück 4 zur Verwendung vorteilhafterweise für das Gleichlaufdrückverfahren gezeigt. Fig. 1 zeigt eine entsprechende Anordnung. Das topfförmige Werkstück 4 weist an der äußeren Stirnseite 6 eine Einschnürung 7 auf, deren Tiefe a = 0,2-0,6 x S beträgt, wobei S die Dicke der Wand des Werkstücks 4 als Rohteil ist. Die Einschnürung 7 geht über einen Winkel δ von maximal 45° in die äußere Umfangsfläche des Werkstücks 4 über. Diese Einschnürung 7 ermöglicht ein besseres Angreifen der Drückrollen 3.7 is a workpiece 4 for use advantageously for the Synchronous pressing method shown. Fig. 1 shows a corresponding arrangement. The cup-shaped workpiece 4 has a on the outer end face 6 Constriction 7, whose depth is a = 0.2-0.6 x S, where S is the thickness of the Wall of the workpiece 4 is as a blank. The constriction 7 goes over one Angle δ of a maximum of 45 ° in the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 4. This constriction 7 enables the pressure rollers 3 to be better gripped.

In Fig. 8 ist im Schnitt ein doppeltopfförmiges Werkstück 4' als Rohteil gezeigt. Dieses Werkstück 4' wird in der in Fig. 4 beschriebenen Vorrichtung verwendet. Das Werkstück 4' hat eine auf einer Seite zur Mitte hin gerichtete Einschnürung 7', die in einem Winkel σ von maximal 20° in die äußere Umfangsfläche 8 des Werkstücks 4' übergeht und eine Tiefe a von 0,2-0,6 x S aufweist, wobei S die Dicke der Wand des Werkstücks 4' als Rohteil ist. Diese Einschnürung 7' ist für das bessere Eingreifen der Drückrolle 3b in Fig. 4 vorgesehen.8 shows a section of a double-pot-shaped workpiece 4 'as a blank. This workpiece 4 'is used in the device described in FIG. 4. The workpiece 4 'has a constriction directed towards the center on one side 7 ', which is at an angle σ of maximum 20 ° in the outer peripheral surface 8 of the Workpiece 4 'merges and has a depth a of 0.2-0.6 x S, where S is the Thickness of the wall of the workpiece 4 'is as a blank. This constriction 7 'is for the better engagement of the pressure roller 3b is provided in FIG. 4.

Claims (10)

  1. Flow turning method for manufacturing internally geared parts with a pressing mandrel (10), comprising a mandrel (1) with a shaping tool (2) placed thereon and one or more pressing rollers (3), with a workpiece (4) which is plastically deformed by the application of force by the pressing rollers (3), being arranged between the shaping tool (2) or the pressing mandrel (10) and pressing rollers (3) characterized in that the distance between the shaping tool (2) and the mounting of the pressing mandrel (10) in the machine is so large that the shaping tool (2) centres itself automatically under the pressure of the pressing rollers (3), engaging evenly on the periphery, by means of deflection of the pressing mandrel (10), and in that the shaping tool (2) consists of chromium-containing and molybdenum-containing materials and is heat-treated and surface-hardened.
  2. Flow turning method according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the shaping tool (2) and the mounting of the pressing mandrel (10) is greater than or equal to 200 mm, preferably 500 mm.
  3. Flow turning method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressing rollers (3) are manufactured from HSS steel or hard metal.
  4. Flow turning method according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the entry angle (β) of the pressing roller or the pressing rollers (3) lies between 5-45°, the exit angle () lies between 0-20° and the outer roller radius (r) lies between 0.5-25 mm.
  5. Flow turning method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the workpiece (4) is pushed on to the shaping tool (2) as a previously turned or preforged cup-shaped blank.
  6. Flow turning method according to claim 5, characterized in that a necking down (7) is provided at the outer front side (6) of the workpiece (4), the depth (a) of which necking down amounts to 0.2-0.6 x S, with S being the thickness of the wall of the workpiece (4).
  7. Flow turning method according to claim 6, characterized in that the necking down (7) passes over into the outer peripheral surface (8) of the workpiece (4) by way of an angle (δ) of a maximum of 45°.
  8. Flow turning method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the flow turning is carried out with the co-pressing method, wherein
    a tailstock (9) guided in the machine is arranged such that it adjoins the shaping tool (2), and the mandrel (1), shaping tool (2) and tailstock (9) form one unit, and
    the workpiece (4) is clamped as a cup-shaped blank between the shaping tool (2) and the mandrel (1).
  9. Flow turning method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, to manufacture internally geared parts with a double-sided gearing, a combination of the co-pressing method and the counter-pressing is used, in such a way that
    two shaping tools (2a, 2b) are arranged between a tailstock (9) and a mandrel (1),
    a double-sided cup-shaped workpiece (4') is arranged between the shaping tools (2a, 2b),
    a pressing roller (3a) adjacent to the tailstock (9) is moved by the counter-pressing method in opposite directions from the end of the workpiece (4') towards the centre, and
    a pressing roller (3b) adjacent to the mandrel (1) is moved by the co-pressing method from the centre of the workpiece (4') in the direction of the mandrel (1).
  10. Flow turning method according to claim 9, characterized in that the double-sided cup-shaped workpiece (4') as blank has a necking down (7') directed on one side towards the centre, the necking down passing over into the outer peripheral surface (8) of the workpiece (4') at an angle (σ) of a maximum of 20° and having a depth (a) of 0.2-0.6 x S, with S being the thickness of the wall of the workpiece (4').
EP95942196A 1994-12-28 1995-12-22 Method of manufacturing internally geared parts Expired - Lifetime EP0800425B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4446919A DE4446919A1 (en) 1994-12-28 1994-12-28 Process for the production of internally toothed parts
DE4446919 1994-12-28
PCT/EP1995/005105 WO1996020050A1 (en) 1994-12-28 1995-12-22 Method of manufacturing internally geared parts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0800425A1 EP0800425A1 (en) 1997-10-15
EP0800425B1 true EP0800425B1 (en) 1999-02-17

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EP95942196A Expired - Lifetime EP0800425B1 (en) 1994-12-28 1995-12-22 Method of manufacturing internally geared parts

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US (1) US6026666A (en)
EP (1) EP0800425B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10511312A (en)
AT (1) ATE176766T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2209121A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ205597A3 (en)
DE (2) DE4446919A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2127578T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1996020050A1 (en)

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WO1996020050A1 (en) 1996-07-04
CA2209121A1 (en) 1996-07-04
EP0800425A1 (en) 1997-10-15
DE59505133D1 (en) 1999-03-25
US6026666A (en) 2000-02-22
DE4446919A1 (en) 1996-07-04
JPH10511312A (en) 1998-11-04
MX9704834A (en) 1998-07-31
ATE176766T1 (en) 1999-03-15
ES2127578T3 (en) 1999-04-16
CZ205597A3 (en) 1998-10-14

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