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EP0888192A1 - Method and apparatus for simultaneously and continuously producing a plurality of size fractions of a mineral material - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for simultaneously and continuously producing a plurality of size fractions of a mineral material

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Publication number
EP0888192A1
EP0888192A1 EP97915524A EP97915524A EP0888192A1 EP 0888192 A1 EP0888192 A1 EP 0888192A1 EP 97915524 A EP97915524 A EP 97915524A EP 97915524 A EP97915524 A EP 97915524A EP 0888192 A1 EP0888192 A1 EP 0888192A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grains
fraction
fractions
dimensions
upper limit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97915524A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0888192B1 (en
Inventor
André Pinoncely
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F C B ALUMINIUM
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F C B
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Application filed by F C B filed Critical F C B
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a process and a continuous operation installation for reducing a mineral material into grains of different sizes and dividing the ground product into several particle size fractions each consisting of grains whose dimensions are between an upper limit and a limit. lower predetermined
  • the object of the invention is to allow the simultaneous production of several fractions of different particle size, from a fraction whose grains have a size of up to several tens of mm to a fraction whose grains have dimensions of the order of micron to a few hundred microns, using a single fragmentation device and classification devices
  • the process which is the subject of the invention is characterized in that, starting from a crude product in pieces, said pieces having, for example, dimensions less than or at most equal to 150 mm, they are subjected to crushing by layer crushing of material, the ground products are divided into several fractions comprising at least one coarse fraction, the grains of which have a size comprised, for example between 0.5 mm and several tens of mm and a fine fraction having an upper limit ranging, for example from 300 ⁇ m to a few tens of ⁇ m, by selecting, optionally, the parameters of the grinding operation so that, for all the fractions, the flow rate produced is greater than or at least equal to the desired flow rate, and the grains whose dimensions are greater than the upper limit of the coarse fraction and possibly all or part of the fractions whose grains have dimensions between the lower limit of the coarse fraction and the upper limit of the fine fraction
  • the fine and coarse fractions can thus be directly exploited after a single grinding step.
  • the intermediate fraction it can also be subdivided.
  • the advantage of crushing by crushing in a layer of material is that it makes it possible to achieve, in a single fragmentation step, the production of a mixture having a broad particle size spectrum and also containing large grains (for example 0 , 5 to several tens of mm) than grains forming powder (whose size is, for example, less than 300 ⁇ m)
  • the grinding is optimized.
  • crushing by crushing in a layer of material designates the grinding processes according to which a multigranular layer of product to be ground is compressed between two surfaces with a sufficient pressure to cause the fragmentation of the grains which are reduced to smaller grains.
  • the implementation of these processes are grinders with grinding wheels, vertical ball or roller mills, ring mills, cylinder presses and vibrating cone mills
  • the invention also relates to an installation for setting using the method described above, characterized in that it comprises a grinder performing grinding in a layer of material and at least two classification apparatuses, one of these apparatuses being capable of separating products coming from the grinder those whose size grains is greater than the upper limit of the coarse fraction, which are returned to the inlet of the mill, and the other classification apparatus being capable of separating from the ground products the grains constituting the fine fraction
  • a product dry one of the classification devices will be a screen and the other may be a pneumatic separator
  • one of the devices may be a screen or a hydraulic classification device and the other could be a hydrocyclone
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified installation consisting essentially of a crusher 10, a pneumatic separator 12 and a screen 14.
  • the crusher is, for example, a ring crusher of the type described in French patents Nos. 90 14004 and 91 09788 It consists of a drum with a substantially horizontal axis inside which an annular track is arranged on which a roller, whose axis is parallel to that of the drum, is pressed by springs or jacks
  • the material to be ground M is introduced into the drum which rotates at a sufficiently high speed (speed greater than the critical speed) so that the material forms over the entire track a layer on which the roller rolls.
  • the ground products are evacuated and brought to the separator 12 by a current of air or other gas flowing through the drum
  • the separator 12 is of the type described in French patent n ° 90 01673 II comprises a rotor with vertical axis provided with blades on its periphery and surrounded by vertical vanes, fixed but adjustable Le charge air flow of the ground product is admitted into the separator housing from below, passes through the crown of blades from the outside to the inside, then enters the rotor and is finally discharged through a central opening in the rotor.
  • the dimensions are greater than a predetermined dimension (cutting mesh) are thrown by centrifugal force against the blades and fall into the lower part of the casing from where they are discharged by an outlet 16 Particles whose dimensions are less than the mesh are cut by the air flow inside the rotor and evacuated with it by an outlet 17
  • their dimensions can vary, for example, from 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m
  • the products discharged through the outlet 16 of the separator 12 feed the screen 14 This is equipped with two fabrics or grids making it possible to divide the products coming from the separator 12 into three fractions the refusals constituted by the largest pieces (for example greater than 10 mm) which are returned to the feed to the mill, a coarse fraction F1 whose dimensions are between, for example, between 1 and 10 mm, and an average fraction F2 whose dimensions are between 0.1 and 1 mm
  • the installation makes it possible to simultaneously produce six different particle size fractions. It is constituted by a vibrating cone crusher 18 of the type described in French patents n ° 93 03375 and n c 95 06964 in the name of applicant
  • the raw product is brought in by a conveyor 20 which feeds the crusher through a dividing member 22 allowing a part of the crude product to short-circuit the crusher
  • the ground product as well as the fraction of the crude product bypassing the crusher are brought by an elevator 24 on a screen 26 has two fabrics or grids
  • the rejects of the screen are returned to the feed to the crusher by means of a conveyor 28
  • the products passing through the two screens of the screen feed a pneumatic separator 30, which can be, for example, of the type described above with reference to the figure 1
  • the fraction with particle size intermediate is stored in a silo 32
  • the screen rejects may consist of pieces whose dimensions are between 15 and 30 mm, the grains of the product feeding the separator 30 having a size less than 15 mm
  • the product is separated into a fine fraction which is transported pneumatically to a second air separator 34 and a coarse fraction which feeds a screen 36 with two fabrics or grids producing three fractions of different particle sizes, for example of 5 at 15 mm, from 1.5 to 5 mm and from 0.2 to 1.5 mm which are stored in silos 38, 40 and 42, respectively
  • the fine fraction is freed of dust (ultra-fine fraction, for example less than 0.02 mm) which is recovered by means of a filter 44; fine and ultra-fine fractions are stored in siios 46 and 48
  • the silos 32, 38, 40, 42 and 46 are each provided with an overflow which feeds the conveyor 28 making it possible to return the excess production compared to the needs of the different particle size fractions when the silos have to working at a constant level, a lateral purge system with controlled extraction placed at the bottom of the silo makes it possible to evacuate the excess production of each fraction and to ensure level regulation The surpluses of each fraction are, in this case too, recycled to the mill feed.
  • the storage silo for the ultra-fine fraction 48 does not have an overflow or a purge system and a level regulator stops the installation when the level of the products reaches an upper limit
  • a regulation system makes it possible to maintain the total flow rate passing through the mill at a predefined value by acting on the feed rate of raw product.
  • This system may include a hopper of feeding the mill maintained at constant level or weight or means for measuring the total flow recycled to the mill supply
  • the adjustment of the parameters determining the operating conditions of the crusher - opening of the frequency of vibrations, fragmentation force output and the adjustment of the flow rate of the raw product bypassing the crusher make it possible to optimize the particle size distribution of the mixture of crushed product. - raw product feeding the screen 26, so as to minimize the throughput of recycled products at the inlet of the mill
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an application of the invention to the preparation of coke fractions for the manufacture of anodes used for the production of aluminum by electrolysis it allows to produce four coke fractions of different particle sizes
  • This installation differs from that of FIG. 2 only by the removal of the second air separator 34 and the use, in place of the screen 26, of a screen 26 'with a single canvas or grid.
  • the crusher 54 is a ring crusher of the type described above with reference to FIG. 1
  • the crusher feeds, by means of a 24 "bucket elevator, a 26" screen whose rejects are brought back to the entry of the mill by a conveyor belt 28 "The passer of the screen feeds a pneumatic separator 30"
  • the fine fraction extracted pneumatically from the separator 30 is freed of dust (ultra-fine fractions) in a second pneumatic separator 34 "this ultra-fine fraction is separated from the air stream by means of a filter 44" and stored in a 48 “silo while the fine fraction (refusal of the 34" separator) is stored in a
  • the intermediate fraction is stored in a 32" silo and the fraction with a lower particle size, which has passed through the two screens of the screen 56, feeds a second screen 58 where it is divided into three new fractions which are stored in 38 "40" and 42 "silos, respectively
  • This installation can be used, for example, for the preparation of mineral fillers.
  • the 26 "screen with a 10 mm mesh screen, the screen 56 with two 1 and 2 mm mesh screens and the screen 58 with two fabrics with 0.3 and 0.5 mm mesh we can produce, with this installation six fractions whose grain sizes will be between 1 and 2 mm, 0.5 and 1 mm, 0.3 and 0.5 mm 0, 1 and 0.3 mm, 0.02 and 0 10 mm and less than 0.02 mm, respectively
  • the silos with the exception of the 48 "silo, are fitted with an overflow allowing the surplus production of each slice to be returned to the crusher by means of the 28" conveyor.
  • a system for regulating the feed rate of the mill allows it to be adapted to requirements.
  • the adjustment of the parameters of the mill - force applied to the roller, residence time - makes it possible to optimize the particle size distribution of the milled product so that '' It meets the needs Unlike the installations described above which work on dry materials, the installation, the diagram of which is given in Figure 5, allows wet materials to be treated.
  • It includes a crusher 60, for example a vibrating cone crusher , working in the wet, a screen with two grids 62, two hydrocyclones 64 and 66 and a hydraulic classifier 68, pipes connect these devices to each other and pumps ensure the circulation of products
  • the crude product M is brought to the inlet of the crusher in the form of pulp or in pieces, in the latter case water is added to the crude product in the crusher
  • the ground product is brought to the screen 62
  • the rejection of the screen is returned to the feed to the crusher
  • the product having passed through the two grids of the screen is sent to the inlet of the hydrocyclone 64
  • the fraction of the product formed of the grains which have passed through the upper grid of the screen 62 but which are larger than the meshes of the lower grid, is subjected to a drainage and / or filtration to remove part of the water which is generally recycled This fraction constitutes the coarse fraction F1 and a portion can be returned to the feed of the mill 60
  • hydrocyclone 64 feeds the hydraulic classifier 68, while its overflow is sent to the inlet of hydrocyclone 66
  • the overflow and underflow of hydrocyclone 66 constitute two fine fractions G3 and F3 'which are subjected, separately to filtration or to decantation to remove the water which is recycled.
  • the overflow of hydrocyclone 66 can optionally be treated with by means of a centrifuge 70 giving two ultra-fine fractions F4 and F4 '
  • the underflow of the hydrocyclone 64 is divided into two intermediate fractions F2 and F2 'which are also subjected to filtration to remove the water. A part of the underflow of the classifier 68 can however be returned to the feed to the crusher 60

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR97/00492 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 21, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 21, 1998 PCT Filed Mar. 20, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97/35665 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 2, 1997A continuously operating process and a plant for comminuting by grinding a mineral material into grains of different sizes and dividing the ground product into several fractions each constituted by grains the dimensions of which are between a predetermined upper limit and a predetermined lower limit. Starting from a raw product, it is subjected to grinding by material layer crushing, the ground products are divided into several fractions comprising at least one coarse fraction and one fine fraction, and those grains the dimensions of which are greater than the upper limit of the coarse fraction, and possibly all or part of the fractions the grains of which have dimensions between the lower limit of the coarse fraction and the upper limit of the fine fraction, are returned to the grinder input.

Description

Titre: Procédé et installation pour la production simultanée et en continu de plusieurs fractions granulométrîques d'une matière minérale.Title: Process and installation for the simultaneous and continuous production of several particle size fractions of a mineral material.
L'invention a pour objet un procédé et une installation a marche continue pour réduire une matière minérale en grains de différentes grosseurs et diviser le produit broyé en plusieurs fractions granulometπques constituées chacune par des grains dont les dimensions sont comprises entre une limite supérieure et une limite inférieure prédéterminéesThe subject of the invention is a process and a continuous operation installation for reducing a mineral material into grains of different sizes and dividing the ground product into several particle size fractions each consisting of grains whose dimensions are between an upper limit and a limit. lower predetermined
Dans de nombreuses applications, on doit produire, a partir d'une matière minérale, des grains dont les dimensions sont comprises dans des limites bien déterminées Lorsque les grains sont relativement gros (du millimètre à quelques dizaines de millimètres) on sait les produire par concassage et les classer en différentes tranches par criblage Lorsqu'il faut réduire la matière première en poudre (du micron a quelques dizaines de microns), on effectue un broyage, généralement après plusieurs étapes de concassage et de broyage, puis un classement, par exemple au moyen d'un ou plusieurs séparateurs pneumatiques Pour produire simultanément des grains relativement gros et de la poudre, on doit utiliser au minimum deux appareils de réduction un concasseur et un broyeurIn many applications, it is necessary to produce, from a mineral material, grains the dimensions of which are within well-defined limits. When the grains are relatively large (from a millimeter to a few tens of millimeters), it is known to produce them by crushing. and classify them into different slices by screening When the raw material has to be reduced to a powder (from a micron to a few tens of microns), grinding is carried out, generally after several stages of crushing and grinding, then classification, for example by by means of one or more pneumatic separators To produce relatively large grains and powder simultaneously, at least two reduction devices must be used: a crusher and a grinder
Le but de l'invention est de permettre la production simultanée de plusieurs fractions de granulométπes différentes, depuis une fraction dont les grains ont une grosseur pouvant aller jusqu à plusieurs dizaines de mm jusqu'à une fraction dont les grains ont des dimensions de l'ordre du micron à quelques centaines de microns, au moyen d'un seul appareil de fragmentation et d'appareils de classificationThe object of the invention is to allow the simultaneous production of several fractions of different particle size, from a fraction whose grains have a size of up to several tens of mm to a fraction whose grains have dimensions of the order of micron to a few hundred microns, using a single fragmentation device and classification devices
Le procédé objet de l'invention est caractérisé en ce que, en partant d un produit brut en morceaux, lesdits morceaux ayant, par exemple, des dimensions inférieures ou au plus égales à 150 mm, on le soumet à un broyage par écrasement en couche de matière on divise les produits broyés en plusieurs fractions comportant au moins une fraction grossière dont les grains ont une grosseur comprise, par exemple entre 0,5 mm et plusieurs dizaines de mm et une fraction fine ayant une limite supérieure allant, par exemple de 300 μm a quelques dizaines de μm, en sélectionnant, éventuellement, les paramètres de l'opération de broyage de telle sorte que, pour toutes les fractions, le débit produit soit supérieur ou au moins égal au débit voulu, et on renvoie à l'alimentation du broyeur les grains dont les dimensions sont supérieures à la limite supérieure de la fraction grossière et éventuellement la totalité ou une partie des fractions dont les grains ont des dimensions comprises entre la limite inférieure de la fraction grossière et la limite supérieure de la fraction fineThe process which is the subject of the invention is characterized in that, starting from a crude product in pieces, said pieces having, for example, dimensions less than or at most equal to 150 mm, they are subjected to crushing by layer crushing of material, the ground products are divided into several fractions comprising at least one coarse fraction, the grains of which have a size comprised, for example between 0.5 mm and several tens of mm and a fine fraction having an upper limit ranging, for example from 300 μm to a few tens of μm, by selecting, optionally, the parameters of the grinding operation so that, for all the fractions, the flow rate produced is greater than or at least equal to the desired flow rate, and the grains whose dimensions are greater than the upper limit of the coarse fraction and possibly all or part of the fractions whose grains have dimensions between the lower limit of the coarse fraction and the upper limit of the fine fraction
Les fractions fines et grossières sont ainsi directement exploitables après une seule étape de broyage Quant à la fraction intermédiaire, elle peut également être subdiviséeThe fine and coarse fractions can thus be directly exploited after a single grinding step. As for the intermediate fraction, it can also be subdivided.
L'intérêt du broyage par écrasement en couche de matière est de permettre de parvenir, en une seule étape de fragmentation, à la production d'un mélange présentant un large spectre granulométπque et contenant aussi bien des grains de grosse taille (par exemple de 0,5 à plusieurs dizaines de mm) que des grains formant de la poudre (dont la taille est, par exemple, inférieure à 300 μm)The advantage of crushing by crushing in a layer of material is that it makes it possible to achieve, in a single fragmentation step, the production of a mixture having a broad particle size spectrum and also containing large grains (for example 0 , 5 to several tens of mm) than grains forming powder (whose size is, for example, less than 300 μm)
De plus, en choisissant de classifier les grains obtenus, outre les morceaux trop gros, en au moins trois fractions granulométπques, et en choisissant de recirculer les grains de la fraction intermédiaire de préférence aux grains de la fraction grossière, on optimise le broyageIn addition, by choosing to classify the grains obtained, in addition to the excessively large pieces, in at least three particle size fractions, and by choosing to recirculate the grains of the intermediate fraction preferably to the grains of the coarse fraction, the grinding is optimized.
L'expression broyage par écrasement en couche de matière désigne les procédés de broyage suivant lesquels une couche multigranulaire de produit à broyer est comprimée entre deux surfaces avec une pression suffisante pour provoquer la fragmentation des grains qui sont réduits en grains pius petits Les appareils connus pour la mise en oeuvre de ces procédés sont les broyeurs à meules, les broyeurs verticaux à billes ou galets, les broyeurs à anneau les presses à cylindres et les broyeurs à cône vibrantThe expression crushing by crushing in a layer of material designates the grinding processes according to which a multigranular layer of product to be ground is compressed between two surfaces with a sufficient pressure to cause the fragmentation of the grains which are reduced to smaller grains. the implementation of these processes are grinders with grinding wheels, vertical ball or roller mills, ring mills, cylinder presses and vibrating cone mills
Il s'agit, par exemple d'appareils permettant d exercer plusieurs fois une pression de fragmentation sur la matière au cours de son traitementThese are, for example devices allowing several times to exert a fragmentation pressure on the material during its treatment.
L'invention a également pour objet une installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé décrit ci-dessus caractérisée en ce qu elle comporte un broyeur effectuant un broyage en couche de matière et au moins deux appareils de classification, l'un de ces appareils étant apte a séparer des produits provenant du broyeur ceux dont la grosseur des grains est supérieure à la limite supérieure de la fraction grossière, qui sont renvoyés a l'entrée du broyeur, et l'autre appareil de classification étant apte a séparer des produits broyés les grains constituant la fraction fine Dans le cas d'un produit sec, l'un des appareils de classification sera un crible et l'autre pourra être un séparateur pneumatique Dans le cas d'un procédé en voie humide l'un des appareils pourra être un crible ou un appareil de classification hydraulique et l'autre pourra être un hydrocycloneThe invention also relates to an installation for setting using the method described above, characterized in that it comprises a grinder performing grinding in a layer of material and at least two classification apparatuses, one of these apparatuses being capable of separating products coming from the grinder those whose size grains is greater than the upper limit of the coarse fraction, which are returned to the inlet of the mill, and the other classification apparatus being capable of separating from the ground products the grains constituting the fine fraction In the case of a product dry, one of the classification devices will be a screen and the other may be a pneumatic separator In the case of a wet process, one of the devices may be a screen or a hydraulic classification device and the other could be a hydrocyclone
Il s'agit, par exemple, de classificateurs externes c est-à-dire non intégrés au broyeurThese are, for example, external classifiers, i.e. not integrated into the shredder
La description qui suit se réfère aux dessins qui l'accompagnent et dont les cinq figures sont des schémas d'installations pour la mise en oeuvre de l'invention.The description which follows refers to the accompanying drawings, the five figures of which are diagrams of installations for implementing the invention.
Le schéma de la figure 1 montre une installation simplifiée et constituée essentiellement par un broyeur 10, un séparateur pneumatique 12 et un crible 14 Le broyeur est, par exemple, un broyeur a anneau du type décrit dans les brevets français N° 90 14004 et 91 09788 II est constitué par un tambour à axe sensiblement horizontal à l'intérieur duquel est aménagée une piste annulaire sur laquelle un galet, dont l'axe est parallèle à celui du tambour, est pressé par des ressorts ou des vérins La matière à broyer M est introduite dans le tambour qui tourne à une vitesse suffisamment élevée (vitesse supérieure à la vitesse critique) pour que la matière forme sur toute la piste une couche sur laquelle roule le galet Les produits broyés sont évacues et amenés au séparateur 12 par un courant d'air ou autre gaz circulant dans le tambourThe diagram in FIG. 1 shows a simplified installation consisting essentially of a crusher 10, a pneumatic separator 12 and a screen 14. The crusher is, for example, a ring crusher of the type described in French patents Nos. 90 14004 and 91 09788 It consists of a drum with a substantially horizontal axis inside which an annular track is arranged on which a roller, whose axis is parallel to that of the drum, is pressed by springs or jacks The material to be ground M is introduced into the drum which rotates at a sufficiently high speed (speed greater than the critical speed) so that the material forms over the entire track a layer on which the roller rolls. The ground products are evacuated and brought to the separator 12 by a current of air or other gas flowing through the drum
Le séparateur 12 est du type décrit dans le brevet français n° 90 01673 II comporte un rotor à axe vertical muni de pales sur sa périphérie et entoure par des aubes verticales, fixes mais orientables Le courant d'air charge du produit broyé est admis dans le carter du séparateur par le bas, traverse la couronne d aubes de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur puis pénètre dans le rotor et est finalement évacue par une ouverture centrale du rotor Les grains dont les dimensions sont supérieures a une dimension prédéterminée (maille de coupure) sont projetés par la force centrifuge contre les aubes et tombent dans la partie inférieure du carter d'où lis sont évacues par une sortie 16 Les particules dont les dimensions sont inférieures à ia maille de coupure sont entraînées par le courant d'air a l'intérieur du rotor et évacuées avec celui-ci par une sortie 17 Elles constituent la fraction fine F3 du produit broyé qui est séparée du courant d'air dans un filtre depoussiereur , leurs dimensions peuvent varier, par exemple, de 1 um a 100 umThe separator 12 is of the type described in French patent n ° 90 01673 II comprises a rotor with vertical axis provided with blades on its periphery and surrounded by vertical vanes, fixed but adjustable Le charge air flow of the ground product is admitted into the separator housing from below, passes through the crown of blades from the outside to the inside, then enters the rotor and is finally discharged through a central opening in the rotor. the dimensions are greater than a predetermined dimension (cutting mesh) are thrown by centrifugal force against the blades and fall into the lower part of the casing from where they are discharged by an outlet 16 Particles whose dimensions are less than the mesh are cut by the air flow inside the rotor and evacuated with it by an outlet 17 They constitute the fine fraction F3 of the ground product which is separated from the air flow in a dust filter, their dimensions can vary, for example, from 1 µm to 100 µm
Les produits évacues par la sortie 16 du séparateur 12 alimentent le crible 14 Celui-ci est équipe de deux toiles ou grilles permettant de diviser les produits provenant du séparateur 12 en trois fractions les refus constitués par les plus gros morceaux (par exemple supérieurs à 10 mm) qui sont renvoyés à I alimentation du broyeur, une fraction grossière F1 dont les dimensions sont comprises, par exemple, entre 1 et 10 mm, et une fraction moyenne F2 dont les dimensions sont comprises entre 0,1 et 1 mmThe products discharged through the outlet 16 of the separator 12 feed the screen 14 This is equipped with two fabrics or grids making it possible to divide the products coming from the separator 12 into three fractions the refusals constituted by the largest pieces (for example greater than 10 mm) which are returned to the feed to the mill, a coarse fraction F1 whose dimensions are between, for example, between 1 and 10 mm, and an average fraction F2 whose dimensions are between 0.1 and 1 mm
L'installation dont le schéma est représente sur la figure 2 permet de produire simultanément six fractions de granulometπes différentes Elle est constituée par un broyeur a cône vibrant 18 du type décrit dans les brevets français n° 93 03375 et nc 95 06964 au nom du demandeur Le produit brut est amené par un transporteur 20 qui alimente le broyeur a travers un organe diviseur 22 permettant a une partie du produit brut de court-circuiter le broyeur Le produit broyé ainsi que la fraction du produit brut court-circuitant le broyeur sont amenés par un élévateur 24 sur un crible 26 a deux toiles ou grillesThe installation, the diagram of which is shown in FIG. 2, makes it possible to simultaneously produce six different particle size fractions. It is constituted by a vibrating cone crusher 18 of the type described in French patents n ° 93 03375 and n c 95 06964 in the name of applicant The raw product is brought in by a conveyor 20 which feeds the crusher through a dividing member 22 allowing a part of the crude product to short-circuit the crusher The ground product as well as the fraction of the crude product bypassing the crusher are brought by an elevator 24 on a screen 26 has two fabrics or grids
Les refus du crible, sont renvoyés a I alimentation du broyeur au moyen d'un transporteur 28 Les produits traversant les deux grilles du crible alimentent un séparateur pneumatique 30, qui peut être, par exemple, du type décrit ci-dessus en référence a la figure 1 La fraction a granulométπe intermédiaire est stockée dans un silo 32The rejects of the screen are returned to the feed to the crusher by means of a conveyor 28 The products passing through the two screens of the screen feed a pneumatic separator 30, which can be, for example, of the type described above with reference to the figure 1 The fraction with particle size intermediate is stored in a silo 32
A titre d'exemple, les refus du crible pourront être constitués par des morceaux dont les dimensions sont comprises entre 15 et 30 mm, les grains du produit alimentant le séparateur 30 ayant une grosseur inférieure à 15 mmFor example, the screen rejects may consist of pieces whose dimensions are between 15 and 30 mm, the grains of the product feeding the separator 30 having a size less than 15 mm
Dans le séparateur 30 le produit est séparé en une fraction fine qui est transportée pneumatiquement jusqu'à un second séparateur à air 34 et une fraction grossière qui alimente un crible 36 à deux toiles ou grilles produisant trois fractions de granulométπes différentes, par exemple de 5 à 15 mm, de 1 ,5 à 5 mm et de 0,2 à 1 ,5 mm qui sont stockées dans des silos 38, 40 et 42, respectivementIn the separator 30 the product is separated into a fine fraction which is transported pneumatically to a second air separator 34 and a coarse fraction which feeds a screen 36 with two fabrics or grids producing three fractions of different particle sizes, for example of 5 at 15 mm, from 1.5 to 5 mm and from 0.2 to 1.5 mm which are stored in silos 38, 40 and 42, respectively
Dans le séparateur 34, la fraction fine est débarrassée des poussières (fraction ultra-fine, par exemple inférieure à 0,02 mm) qui sont récupérées au moyen d'un filtre 44 ; les fractions fines et ultra-fines sont stockées dans des siios 46 et 48In the separator 34, the fine fraction is freed of dust (ultra-fine fraction, for example less than 0.02 mm) which is recovered by means of a filter 44; fine and ultra-fine fractions are stored in siios 46 and 48
Les silos 32, 38, 40, 42 et 46 sont munis chacun d'un trop plein qui alimente le transporteur 28 permettant de renvoyer à l'entrée du broyeur l'excédent de production par rapport aux besoins des différentes fractions granulométriques Lorsque les silos doivent travailler a niveau constant, un système de purge latérale à extraction contrôlée placée en fond de silo permet d'évacuer l'excédent de production de chaque fraction et d'assurer la régulation de niveau Les excédents de chaque fraction sont, dans ce cas aussi, recyclés à l'alimentation du broyeur. Le silo de stockage de la fraction ultra-fine 48 n'est pas pourvu d'un trop plein ni d'un système de purge et un régulateur de niveau provoque l'arrêt de l'installation lorsque le niveau des produits atteint une limite supérieureThe silos 32, 38, 40, 42 and 46 are each provided with an overflow which feeds the conveyor 28 making it possible to return the excess production compared to the needs of the different particle size fractions when the silos have to working at a constant level, a lateral purge system with controlled extraction placed at the bottom of the silo makes it possible to evacuate the excess production of each fraction and to ensure level regulation The surpluses of each fraction are, in this case too, recycled to the mill feed. The storage silo for the ultra-fine fraction 48 does not have an overflow or a purge system and a level regulator stops the installation when the level of the products reaches an upper limit
Un système de régulation permet de maintenir à une valeur prédéfinie le débit total traversant le broyeur en agissant sur le débit d'alimentation en produit brut Ce système peut comporter une trémie de gavage du broyeur maintenue à niveau ou poids constant ou des moyens de mesure du débit total recyclé à l'alimentation du broyeurA regulation system makes it possible to maintain the total flow rate passing through the mill at a predefined value by acting on the feed rate of raw product. This system may include a hopper of feeding the mill maintained at constant level or weight or means for measuring the total flow recycled to the mill supply
Par ailleurs, le réglage des paramètres déterminant les conditions de marche du broyeur -ouverture de sortie fréquence des vibrations, force de fragmentation- et le réglage du débit du produit brut court-circuitant le broyeur permettent d'optimiser la distribution granulometπque du mélange produit broye-produit brut alimentant le crible 26, de façon a minimiser le débit des produits recyclés à l'entrée du broyeurFurthermore, the adjustment of the parameters determining the operating conditions of the crusher - opening of the frequency of vibrations, fragmentation force output and the adjustment of the flow rate of the raw product bypassing the crusher make it possible to optimize the particle size distribution of the mixture of crushed product. - raw product feeding the screen 26, so as to minimize the throughput of recycled products at the inlet of the mill
L'installation représentée sur la figure 3 illustre une application de l'invention a la préparation des fractions de coke pour la fabrication des anodes utilisées pour la production de l'aluminium par electrolyse elle permet de produire quatre fractions de coke de granulométπes différentesThe installation shown in Figure 3 illustrates an application of the invention to the preparation of coke fractions for the manufacture of anodes used for the production of aluminum by electrolysis it allows to produce four coke fractions of different particle sizes
Cette installation ne diffère de celle de la figure 2 que par la suppression du second séparateur a air 34 et l'utilisation, à la place du crible 26 d'un crible 26' à une seule toile ou grilleThis installation differs from that of FIG. 2 only by the removal of the second air separator 34 and the use, in place of the screen 26, of a screen 26 'with a single canvas or grid.
A partir du coke soutiré des silos 50 et 52 et dont les morceaux n'excèdent pas 30 mm, cette installation permet de produire en continu quatre fractions formées de grains dont les dimensions sont comprises entre 5 etFrom the coke withdrawn from silos 50 and 52 and whose pieces do not exceed 30 mm, this installation makes it possible to continuously produce four fractions formed of grains whose dimensions are between 5 and
15 mm 1 ,5 et 5 mm, 0,2 et 1 ,5 mm et inférieures a 0,2 mm et qui sont stockées dans les silos 38', 40', 42' et 48' respectivement15 mm 1, 5 and 5 mm, 0.2 and 1, 5 mm and less than 0.2 mm and which are stored in the silos 38 ', 40', 42 'and 48' respectively
Dans l'installation de la figure 4, le broyeur 54 est un broyeur à anneau du type décrit ci-dessus en référence à la figure 1 Le broyeur alimente, au moyen d'un élévateur à godet 24 ", un crible 26" dont les refus sont ramenés à l'entrée du broyeur par un transporteur a bande 28" Le passant du crible alimente un séparateur pneumatique 30" La fraction fine extraite pneumatiquement du séparateur 30" est débarrassée des poussières (fractions ultra-fines) dans un second séparateur pneumatique 34" cette fraction ultra¬ fine est séparée du courant d'air au moyen d'un filtre 44" et stockée dans un silo 48" tandis que la fraction fine (refus du séparateur 34") est stockée dans unIn the installation of FIG. 4, the crusher 54 is a ring crusher of the type described above with reference to FIG. 1 The crusher feeds, by means of a 24 "bucket elevator, a 26" screen whose rejects are brought back to the entry of the mill by a conveyor belt 28 "The passer of the screen feeds a pneumatic separator 30" The fine fraction extracted pneumatically from the separator 30 "is freed of dust (ultra-fine fractions) in a second pneumatic separator 34 "this ultra-fine fraction is separated from the air stream by means of a filter 44" and stored in a 48 "silo while the fine fraction (refusal of the 34" separator) is stored in a
Les refus du séparateur 30' sont amenés a un crible 56 à deux grilles ou toiles Les refus du crible sont décharges sur le transporteur 28". la fraction intermédiaire est stockée dans un silo 32" et la fraction a granulometπe inférieure, qui a traversé les deux grilles du crible 56 alimente un second crible 58 ou elle est divisée en trois nouvelles fractions qui sont stockées dans des silos 38" 40" et 42", respectivementThe rejects of the separator 30 'are brought to a screen 56 to two screens or screens Refusals of the screen are unloaded onto the 28 "conveyor. the intermediate fraction is stored in a 32" silo and the fraction with a lower particle size, which has passed through the two screens of the screen 56, feeds a second screen 58 where it is divided into three new fractions which are stored in 38 "40" and 42 "silos, respectively
Cette installation peut être utilisée, par exemple, pour la préparation de charges minérales En équipant le crible 26" d'une grille a mailles de 10 mm, le crible 56 de deux toiles a mailles de 1 et 2 mm et le crible 58 de deux toiles à mailles de 0,3 et 0,5 mm, on poura produire, avec cette installation six fractions dont les grosseurs de grains seront comprises entre 1 et 2 mm, 0,5 et 1 mm, 0,3 et 0,5 mm 0, 1 et 0,3 mm, 0,02 et 0 10 mm et inférieures à 0,02 mm, respectivementThis installation can be used, for example, for the preparation of mineral fillers. By equipping the 26 "screen with a 10 mm mesh screen, the screen 56 with two 1 and 2 mm mesh screens and the screen 58 with two fabrics with 0.3 and 0.5 mm mesh, we can produce, with this installation six fractions whose grain sizes will be between 1 and 2 mm, 0.5 and 1 mm, 0.3 and 0.5 mm 0, 1 and 0.3 mm, 0.02 and 0 10 mm and less than 0.02 mm, respectively
Les silos, à l'exception du silo 48" sont munis de trop-plein permettant de renvoyer au broyeur les excédents de production de chaque tranche, au moyen du transporteur 28". Un système de régulation du débit d'alimentation du broyeur permet de l'adapter aux besoins Le réglage des paramètres du broyeur -force appliquée sur le galet, temps de séjour- permet d'optimiser la distribution granulométπque du produit broyé de façon a ce qu'elle reponde aux besoins Contrairement aux installations décrites ci-dessus qui travaillent sur des matières sèches, l'installation dont le schéma est donne sur la figure 5 permet de traiter des matières humides Elle comprend un broyeur 60, par exemple un broyeur à cône vibrant, travaillant en voie humide, un crible à deux grilles 62, deux hydrocyclones 64 et 66 et un classificateur hydraulique 68 , des tuyauteries relient ces appareils entre eux et des pompes assurent la circulation des produitsThe silos, with the exception of the 48 "silo, are fitted with an overflow allowing the surplus production of each slice to be returned to the crusher by means of the 28" conveyor. A system for regulating the feed rate of the mill allows it to be adapted to requirements. The adjustment of the parameters of the mill - force applied to the roller, residence time - makes it possible to optimize the particle size distribution of the milled product so that '' It meets the needs Unlike the installations described above which work on dry materials, the installation, the diagram of which is given in Figure 5, allows wet materials to be treated. It includes a crusher 60, for example a vibrating cone crusher , working in the wet, a screen with two grids 62, two hydrocyclones 64 and 66 and a hydraulic classifier 68, pipes connect these devices to each other and pumps ensure the circulation of products
Le produit brut M est amené à l'entrée du broyeur sous forme de pulpe ou en morceaux , dans ce dernier cas de I eau est ajoutée au produit brut dans le broyeur Le produit broyé est amené sur le crible 62 Le refus du crible est renvoyé à l'alimentation du broyeur Le produit ayant traverse les deux grilles du crible est envoyé à l'entrée de l'hydrocyclone 64 La fraction du produit formée des grains qui ont traversé la grille supérieure du crible 62 mais qui sont plus gros que les mailles de la grille inférieure, est soumise a un egouttage et/ou une filtration pour éliminer une partie de l'eau qui est généralement recyclée Cette fraction constitue la fraction grossière F1 et une partie peut être renvoyée a l'alimentation du broyeur 60The crude product M is brought to the inlet of the crusher in the form of pulp or in pieces, in the latter case water is added to the crude product in the crusher The ground product is brought to the screen 62 The rejection of the screen is returned to the feed to the crusher The product having passed through the two grids of the screen is sent to the inlet of the hydrocyclone 64 The fraction of the product formed of the grains which have passed through the upper grid of the screen 62 but which are larger than the meshes of the lower grid, is subjected to a drainage and / or filtration to remove part of the water which is generally recycled This fraction constitutes the coarse fraction F1 and a portion can be returned to the feed of the mill 60
La sousverse de l'hydrocyclone 64 alimente le classificateur hydraulique 68, tandis que sa surverse est envoyée à l'entrée de l'hydrocyclone 66The underflow of hydrocyclone 64 feeds the hydraulic classifier 68, while its overflow is sent to the inlet of hydrocyclone 66
La surverse et la sousverse de l'hydrocyclone 66 constituent deux fractions fines G3 et F3' qui sont soumises, séparément a une filtration ou à une décantation pour éliminer l'eau qui est recyclée La surverse de l'hydrocyclone 66 pourra éventuellement être traitée au moyen d'une centrifugeuse 70 donnant deux fractions ultra-fines F4 et F4'The overflow and underflow of hydrocyclone 66 constitute two fine fractions G3 and F3 'which are subjected, separately to filtration or to decantation to remove the water which is recycled. The overflow of hydrocyclone 66 can optionally be treated with by means of a centrifuge 70 giving two ultra-fine fractions F4 and F4 '
Dans le classificateur hydraulique 68, la sousverse de l'hydrocyclone 64 est divisée en deux fractions intermédiaires F2 et F2' qui sont également soumises à une filtration pour en éliminer l'eau Une partie de la sousverse du classificateur 68 pourra cependant être renvoyée à l'alimentation du broyeur 60In the hydraulic classifier 68, the underflow of the hydrocyclone 64 is divided into two intermediate fractions F2 and F2 'which are also subjected to filtration to remove the water. A part of the underflow of the classifier 68 can however be returned to the feed to the crusher 60
Il est bien entendu que les installations décrites ci-dessus ne sont que des exemples non limitatifs d'application de I invention et que de nombreux autres schémas peuvent être adoptes sans sortir du cadre de l'invention telle que définie par les revendications It is understood that the installations described above are only nonlimiting examples of application of the invention and that many other diagrams can be adopted without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 Procédé pour réduire par broyage une matière minérale en grains de différentes grosseurs et diviser le produit broyé en plusieurs fractions constituées chacune par des grains dont les dimensions sont comprises entre une limite supérieure et une limite inférieure prédéterminées, caractérisé en ce que, en partant d'un produit brut en morceaux, on le soumet à un broyage par écrasement en couche de matière, on divise les produits broyés en plusieurs fractions comportant au moins une fraction grossière et une fraction fine et on renvoie à l'alimentation du broyeur les grains dont les dimensions sont supérieures à la limite supérieure de la fraction grossière et éventuellement la totalité ou une partie des fractions dont les grains ont des dimensions comprises entre la limite inférieure de la fraction grossière et la limite supérieure de la fraction fine1 Method for reducing by grinding a mineral matter into grains of different sizes and dividing the ground product into several fractions each consisting of grains whose dimensions are between a predetermined upper limit and a lower limit, characterized in that, starting from '' a crude product in pieces, it is subjected to crushing by crushing in a layer of material, the ground products are divided into several fractions comprising at least a coarse fraction and a fine fraction and the grains of which are returned to the feed of the crusher the dimensions are greater than the upper limit of the coarse fraction and possibly all or part of the fractions whose grains have dimensions between the lower limit of the coarse fraction and the upper limit of the fine fraction
2 Procédé selon la revendication 1 dans lequel les morceaux ont des dimensions inférieures ou au plus égales à 150 mm, les grains de la fraction grossière une grosseur comprise entre 0,5 mm et quelques dizaines de mm et les grains de la fraction fine une limite supérieure allant d'environ 300 μm à quelques dizaines de μm2 The method of claim 1 wherein the pieces have dimensions less than or at most equal to 150 mm, the grains of the coarse fraction a size between 0.5 mm and a few tens of mm and the grains of the fine fraction a limit higher ranging from about 300 μm to a few tens of μm
3 Procédé selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel on sélectionne les paramètres de l'opération de broyage de telle sorte que, pour toutes les fractions, le débit produit soit supérieur ou au moins égal au débit voulu3 Method according to claim 1, in which the parameters of the grinding operation are selected so that, for all the fractions, the flow rate produced is greater than or at least equal to the desired flow rate
4 Installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un seul appareil de fragmentation (10, 18, 18', 56) effectuant un broyage en couche de matière, et au moins deux appareils de classification, l'un de ces appareils (14, 26, 26', 26") étant apte à séparer des produits provenant du broyeur ceux dont la grosseur des grains est supérieure à la limite supérieure de la fraction grossière, qui sont renvoyés à l'entrée du broyeur, et l'autre appareil de classification (12, 30, 30', 30") étant apte à séparer des produits broyés les grains constituant la fraction fine4 Installation for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a single fragmentation device (10, 18, 18 ', 56) performing a grinding in layer of material, and at least two devices classification, one of these devices (14, 26, 26 ', 26 ") being capable of separating products from the grinder those whose grain size is greater than the upper limit of the coarse fraction, which are returned to the 'inlet of the mill, and the other classification device (12, 30, 30', 30 ") being able to separate from the ground products the grains constituting the fine fraction
5 Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le premier appareil de classification est un crible5 Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the first classification device is a screen
6 Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le premier appareil de classification est un classificateur hydraulique6 Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the first classification device is a hydraulic classifier
7 Installation selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que le classificateur apte à séparer la fraction fine est un séparateur pneumatique7 Installation according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the classifier capable of separating the fine fraction is a pneumatic separator
8 Installation selon la revendication 4 ou 6, caractérisée en ce que le classificateur apte à séparer la fraction fine est un hydrocyclone ou un appareil centrifuge 8 Installation according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the classifier capable of separating the fine fraction is a hydrocyclone or a centrifugal device
EP97915524A 1996-03-22 1997-03-20 Method and apparatus for simultaneously and continuously producing a plurality of size fractions of a mineral material Revoked EP0888192B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9603577 1996-03-22
FR9603577A FR2746329B1 (en) 1996-03-22 1996-03-22 PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS AND CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF SEVERAL GRANULOMETRIC FRACTIONS OF A MINERAL MATERIAL
PCT/FR1997/000492 WO1997035665A1 (en) 1996-03-22 1997-03-20 Method and apparatus for simultaneously and continuously producing a plurality of size fractions of a mineral material

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ZA972440B (en) 1998-07-27
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ATE201616T1 (en) 2001-06-15
FR2746329A1 (en) 1997-09-26
FR2746329B1 (en) 1998-05-22
AU726956B2 (en) 2000-11-30
NO984395D0 (en) 1998-09-21
NO984395L (en) 1998-11-19
DE69705034D1 (en) 2001-07-05
WO1997035665A1 (en) 1997-10-02
BR9708237A (en) 1999-08-03
US6042032A (en) 2000-03-28
DE69705034T2 (en) 2002-02-14
HRP970167A2 (en) 1998-04-30
CA2248249A1 (en) 1997-10-02

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