EP0886695B1 - Calender - Google Patents
Calender Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0886695B1 EP0886695B1 EP97951247A EP97951247A EP0886695B1 EP 0886695 B1 EP0886695 B1 EP 0886695B1 EP 97951247 A EP97951247 A EP 97951247A EP 97951247 A EP97951247 A EP 97951247A EP 0886695 B1 EP0886695 B1 EP 0886695B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rolls
- roll
- calender
- rollers
- calender according
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/0006—Driving arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a calender for the treatment of a Material web, in particular a paper web, for example a calendering calender.
- a calender that the in the preamble of claim 1 Features mentioned, is known for example from DE-U-295 04 034.
- This auxiliary drive only needs for the idle power designed until the working speed is reached to become the main drive for overall performance during the Operating is to be interpreted.
- a similar colander is also known from DE-U-295 18 424.
- the object of the invention is to provide a calender in the preamble Specify the features mentioned in claim 1, in which the Compressive stress for a given line load by reducing the roll diameter can be increased.
- the rollers can be designed with diameters that are from criteria other than the deformation resistance or the horizontal Deformations are determined, such as the critical natural frequencies.
- the drives bring the for the driven roller specific performance based on forming, transport and power loss composed.
- a distribution of 50:50 would be on the both gap-forming rollers are only a rough guide, for example a deflection adjustment roller significantly higher friction losses than a normal solid roller.
- the forces to be controlled according to the invention can be, for example measure in the roller bearings; Bearings with built-in force measuring systems are commercially available. But at least it is also conceivable the horizontal deformations caused by such forces to be measured.
- Figure 1 is a largely schematic side view a calender according to the invention
- Fig. 3 shows a modification of the second embodiment
- Figure 4 is a block diagram of the control of one of the rollers.
- a calender frame 10 with side stands is in Welded or cast construction.
- a calender 12 arranged, which has eight gap-forming rollers.
- the top one and the first roller 14 and 16 are deflection adjustment rollers, and the yoke of the upper deflection adjustment roller is stationary in the Frame clamped; the bearings of this roller are also stationary.
- the Roller 14 is provided with an elastic cover, just like that in Ka lander 12 provided rollers 18, 20, 22 and lower deflection adjustment roller 16.
- a hard heatable Roller 24 arranged with the rollers arranged above and below it 14 and 18 each form a roll gap. Also between the rollers 18 and 20 there is a hard, heatable, each with a roll gap defining roller 26.
- the gap between the web 28 traversed the rollers 20 and 22 are not used for forming the web, but as a turning nip around which the elastic rollers previously faced Side of the web now facing the hard, heatable roller 30, which is arranged between the rollers 22 and 16. (The page in question the web has already passed four columns, albeit each turned towards an elastic roller, but is smoothed so far been that going through two more gaps on the heated Enough).
- the bearings of all rollers except the upper deflection adjustment roller 14 are slidably arranged in the frame 10.
- the load on the roll gaps is carried out by means of hydraulic cylinders 32 and results, for example, in an average line force of 500 N / mm. It should be noted is that the line force is also by means of the deflection adjustment rollers can be applied.
- the hard rollers can be steamed up for example heating up to 200 ° C.
- the elastic rollers can be tempered.
- the web 28 is between the individual roll nips guided around guide rollers 34, the surfaces of which are provided with spiral grooves are to ensure the width of the web and the To prevent the formation of an air cushion on which the material web floats could.
- Pneumatic compensation of the overhanging loads takes place by means of compensation units 46, in their place also hydraulic ones or other servo drives can be provided.
- the calender arrangement shown can be an "in-line calender" of a paper or Subsequent coating machine or work as an "off-line calender”.
- each is gap-forming Provide roller with its own drive, consisting of a Electric motor, for example a direct current motor, which has a cardan shaft is coupled with the roller assigned to it and from a regulated supply unit is fed.
- the drives are in Fig. 1 only indicated by the usual two-quarter circle symbol.
- Fig. 4 shows the drive of one of the rollers.
- the drive motor is a DC motor 50, fed from a converter 52 through a Controller 54, preferably a digital PID controller.
- the speed is regulated in the start-up phase; for this points each motor 50 has an actual value transmitter in the form of a tachodynamo, for example 56 on; the setpoints can be stored in an electronic memory 58 be stored, which is read out sequentially.
- the setpoints are selected so that they each define a roll gap Rolls have the same peripheral speed.
- the peripheral speed is only with Restrictions a suitable parameter, since the elastic Deform rollers in the area of the roll gap, so no strict proportionality there is more between speed and peripheral speed. The same applies to that taking place when a roller is heated Dilatation.
- the power control has the special feature that the Measurement of the power to the motors, each delimiting a roll gap Drive pairs of rollers, if there is a setpoint deviation, the Performance of both motors is adjusted and since all the rollers are together are linked, this means a control intervention on all motors.
- the Single motor controller is accordingly hierarchically superordinate to an overall controller 60, that in the case of a setpoint deviation even with a single one Roll new setpoints of power calculated for all rolls or one Search table memory removed.
- Force sensors are arranged in the bearings of the rollers, at least in the horizontal direction from the roller in question to the frame Capture 10 transmitted forces.
- Such "load cells” will be for example from SKF Kugellagerfabriken GmbH, Schweinfurt, offered. As mentioned above, the performance or, more specifically, the power distribution regulated so that these horizontal forces are as small as possible being held.
- the calender arrangement according to FIG. 1 can be operated that the number of nips passed is specified; Furthermore the operator can see the technological result by selecting the Line load and the roller temperatures influence.
- each individual calender only two deflection adjustment rollers 40 and 42 with elastic Cover and has a hard, heated roller 44 disposed therebetween.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the second variant of the invention represents, derived from the embodiment of Fig. 2.
- heated middle roller 45 does not have its own drive, but will entrained by the jackets of the deflection adjustment rollers 40, 42. This transmit the drive torque to the hard one through the web Roller 46, but the drives of the two elastic rollers are regulated so that the forces acting on the hard roller are the same and opposite become.
- each with one hard roller is arranged between two elastic rollers, such as configurations 5/3, 7/3, 5/5, 8/5 and others.
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- Paper (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kalander zur Behandlung einer Warenbahn, insbesondere einer Papierbahn, beispielsweise einen Satinierkalander.The invention relates to a calender for the treatment of a Material web, in particular a paper web, for example a calendering calender.
Ein Kalander, der die im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 genannten Merkmale aufweist, ist beispielsweise aus DE-U-295 04 034 bekannt. Dabei ist üblicherweise eine mittlere Walze im Walzenstapel angetrieben und nimmt die anderen Walzen durch Friktion mittels der Warenbahn mit. In der genannten Druckschrift ist angegeben, daß für das Einführen der Warenbahn in die Walzspalte die normalerweise mitgenommenen Walzen angetrieben werden. Dieser Hilfsantrieb braucht nur für die Leerlaufleistung bis zum Erreichen der Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit ausgelegt zu werden, während der Hauptantrieb für die Gesamtleistung während des Betriebs auszulegen ist. Ein ähnlicher Kolander ist ebenfalls aus DE-U-295 18 424 bekannt.A calender that the in the preamble of claim 1 Features mentioned, is known for example from DE-U-295 04 034. There is usually a middle roller in the roller stack driven and takes the other rollers by friction on the web With. In the cited document it is stated that for the Introduce the web into the roll nip the normally taken Rollers are driven. This auxiliary drive only needs for the idle power designed until the working speed is reached to become the main drive for overall performance during the Operating is to be interpreted. A similar colander is also known from DE-U-295 18 424.
Auf die Walzen wirken in Vertikalrichtung äußerlich eingespeiste Kräfte sowie, von oben nach unten zunehmend, Gewichtskräfte der überlagerten Walzen. Dadurch hervorgerufene Deformationen -- insbesondere Durchbiegungen -- können mittels der Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen kompensiert werden. Aber auch in Horizontalrichtung wirken Kräfte auf die Walzen. Diese Kräfte können auf die erwähnte über Friktion erfolgende Drehmomentübertragung zurückzuführen sein, wie in der Veröffentlichung Pav/Svenka, "Der Kompaktkalander - die Antwort auf die Herausforderung nach hohen Geschwindigkeiten bei der Glättung und Satinage", DAS PAPIER 1985, S. V178 ff. erläutert wird. In dieser Veröffentlichung wird auch ein Kompaktkalander erwähnt, bei dem um eine harte, stationär gelagerte Basiswalze herum vier elastische Walzen mit eigenem Antrieb Walzspalte bilden. Dadurch soll die Verkettung des Walzensatzes, wie sie bei Kalandern nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 unvermeidlich ist, aufgelöst werden. Ein horizontaler Kolander, wobei jede Walze mit einem eigenen Antrieb versehen ist, ist aus US-A-4 471 690 bekannt.Forces fed externally in the vertical direction and, from top to bottom, weight forces of the superimposed rolls act on the rolls. Deformations caused thereby - in particular deflections - can be compensated for by means of the deflection adjustment rollers. Forces also act on the rollers in the horizontal direction. These forces can be attributed to the aforementioned torque transmission via friction, as explained in the Pav / Svenka publication, "The compact calender - the answer to the challenge of high speeds in smoothing and calendering", DAS PAPIER 1985 , p. V178 ff becomes. This publication also mentions a compact calender in which four elastic rolls with their own drive form nips around a hard, stationary base roll. This is intended to break the linkage of the roller set, as is unavoidable in calenders according to the preamble of claim 1. A horizontal colander, each roller having its own drive, is known from US-A-4,471,690.
Während vertikale Deformationen der Walzen, wie oben ausgeführt, kompensierbar sind, gilt dies nicht für Deformationen infolge horizontal wirkender Kräfte. Das bedeutet, daß die Walzen Mindestdurchmesser aufweisen müssen, damit horizontale Deformationen sich innerhalb tolerierbarer Grenzen halten lassen. Eine dieser Begrenzungen liegt darin, daß bei einer Deformation einer Walze in horizontaler Richtung die Verteilung der Streckenlast ungleichförmig wird, wobei die Bereiche nahe den Lagern stärker belastet werden. Dies kann zu einer Überpressung der Warenbahn im Randbereich und zur ungleichen Verteilung der Warenbahn-Eigenschaftswerte im Querprofil führen. Darüberhinaus kann der erhöhte Verschleiß der elastischen Walzenbezüge und im Extremfall eine Zerstörung derselben eintreten. Bei einer gegebenen Strekkenlast wird die Druckspannung durch die Mindestdurchmesser der Walzen auf einen entsprechenden Wert begrenzt, der sich nur durch Erhöhen der Streckenlast vergrößern läßt. Aber selbst wenn die horizontale Verformung der Walzen sich in Grenzen hält, wirken doch im walzenspalt Schubspannungen auf die Warenbahn, welche --im Falle von Papier-- die Bindung zwischen den Fasern in Bahnlaufrichtung lockern können und dadurch seine Festigkeit herabsetzen.While vertical deformations of the rolls, as stated above, are compensable, this does not apply to deformations as a result horizontal forces. This means that the rollers have minimum diameters so that horizontal deformations are within allow tolerable limits to be maintained. One of those limitations is that when a roll is deformed horizontally Direction the distribution of the line load becomes non-uniform, whereby the areas near the camps are subject to greater stress. This can result in a Overpressing the web in the edge area and for uneven distribution of the web property values in the cross profile. Furthermore can the increased wear of the elastic roller covers and in extreme cases destruction occur. For a given line load the compressive stress is determined by the minimum diameter of the rollers limited to a corresponding value, which can only be increased the line load can be increased. But even if the horizontal Deformation of the rollers is limited, as they work in the nip Shear stresses on the web, which - in the case of paper - the Can loosen the bond between the fibers in the direction of web travel and thereby reduce its firmness.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Kalander mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmalen anzugeben, bei dem die Druckspannung bei gegebener Streckenlast durch Verkleinern der Walzendurchmesser gesteigert werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a calender in the preamble Specify the features mentioned in claim 1, in which the Compressive stress for a given line load by reducing the roll diameter can be increased.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird bei dem gattungsbildenden Kalander durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 bzw. des Anspruchs 2 erreicht.The inventive solution to this problem is the generic Calender through the characteristic features of the claim 1 or claim 2 reached.
Da die Walzendurchmesser nicht mehr gemäß den horizontal wir kenden Kräften ausgelegt zu werden brauchen, weil deren Wirkungen ausgeregelt werden, kann man die Walzen mit Durchmessern ausbilden, die von anderen Kriterien als der Verformungsfestigkeit bzw. der horizontalen Deformationen bestimmt werden, etwa den kritischen Eigenfrequenzen.As the roll diameter no longer corresponds to the horizontal we forces need to be interpreted because their effects are regulated , the rollers can be designed with diameters that are from criteria other than the deformation resistance or the horizontal Deformations are determined, such as the critical natural frequencies.
Walzen mit kleinerem Durchmesser haben ein geringeres Gewicht, so daß die statischen (gravitationsbedingten) Kräfte relativ geringer sind und auch kleinere Lager verwendet werden können.Smaller diameter rollers are lighter in weight, so that the static (gravitational) forces are relatively lower and smaller bearings can also be used.
Die Antriebe bringen die für die jeweils angetriebene Walze spezifische Leistung auf, die sich aus Umformungs-, Transport- und Verlustleistung zusammensetzt. Dabei wäre eine Verteilung von 50:50 auf die beiden spaltbildenden Walzen nur ein grober Anhaltspunkt, da beispielsweise eine Durchbiegungseinstellwalze deutlich höhere Reibungsverluste aufweist als eine normale massive Walze.The drives bring the for the driven roller specific performance based on forming, transport and power loss composed. A distribution of 50:50 would be on the both gap-forming rollers are only a rough guide, for example a deflection adjustment roller significantly higher friction losses than a normal solid roller.
Die erfindungsgemäß auszuregelnden Kräfte lassen sich beispielsweise in den Walzenlagern messen; Lager mit eingebauten Kraftmeßsystemen sind im Handel erhältlich. Es ist aber zumindest auch denkbar, die durch solche Kräfte hervorgerufenen horizontalen Deformationen meßtechnisch zu erfassen.The forces to be controlled according to the invention can be, for example measure in the roller bearings; Bearings with built-in force measuring systems are commercially available. But at least it is also conceivable the horizontal deformations caused by such forces to be measured.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders ist in den beigefügten Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird nachstehend im einzelnen erläutert.An embodiment of a calender according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings and is detailed below explained.
Figur 1 ist eine weitgehend schematisierte Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders,Figure 1 is a largely schematic side view a calender according to the invention,
Fig. 2 zeigt in einer ähnlichen Darstellung eine zweite Ausführungsform,2 shows a second embodiment in a similar representation,
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Abwandlung der zweiten Ausführungsform, undFig. 3 shows a modification of the second embodiment, and
Fig. 4 ist ein Blockdiagramm der Regelung einer der Walzen.Figure 4 is a block diagram of the control of one of the rollers.
Ein Kalandergestell 10 mit seitlichen Ständern ist in
Schweiß- oder Gußkonstruktion ausgeführt. In dem Gestell 10 ist ein Kalander
12 angeordnet, der acht spaltbildende Walzen aufweist. Die oberste
und die terste Walze 14 bzw. 16 sind Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen,
und das Joch der oberen Durchbiegungseinstellwalze ist ortsfest im
Gestell eingespannt; auch die Lager dieser Walze sind ortsfest. Die
Walze 14 ist mit einem elastischen Bezug versehen, ebenso wie die im Ka
lander 12 vorgesehenen Walzen 18, 20, 22 und untere Durchbiegungseinstellwalze
16. Zwischen den Walzen 14 und 18 ist eine harte beheizbare
Walze 24 angeordnet, die mit den über und unter ihr angeordneten Walzen
14 bzw. 18 je einen Walzspalt bildet. Auch zwischen den Walzen 18 und
20 befindet sich eine harte, beheizbare, mit ihnen je einen Walzspalt
definierende Walze 26. Der von der Warenbahn 28 durchlaufene Spalt zwischen
den Walzen 20 und 22 dient nicht der Umformung der Warenbahn,
sondern als Wendespalt, um die vorher den elastischen Walzen zugekehrte
Seite der Warenbahn nun der harten, beheizbaren Walze 30 zuzukehren,
die zwischen den Walzen 22 und 16 angeordnet ist. (Die betreffende Seite
der Warenbahn hat bereits vier Spalte durchlaufen, wenn auch jeweils
einer elastischen Walze zugekehrt, ist aber dabei gleichwohl soweit geglättet
worden, daß das Durchlaufen zweier weiterer Spalte auf der beheizten
Seite ausreicht).A
Die Lager aller Walzen mit Ausnahme der oberen Durchbiegungseinstellwalze
14 sind gleitverschieblich im Gestell 10 angeordnet.
Die Belastung der Walzspalte erfolgt mittels Hydraulikzylindern 32 und
ergibt beispielsweise eine mittlere Linienkraft von 500 N/mm. Anzumerken
ist, daß die Linienkraft auch mittels der Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen
aufgebracht werden kann. Die harten Walzen lassen sich mit Dampf auf
zum Beispiel bis zu 200° C aufheizen. Die elastischen Walzen können
temperiert sein. Die Warenbahn 28 wird zwischen den einzelnen Walzspalten
um Leitwalzen 34 geführt, deren Oberflächen mit Spiralnuten versehen
sind, um die Breithaltung der Warenbahn sicherzustellen und die
Bildung eines Luftkissens zu verhindern, auf dem die Warenbahn aufschwimmen
könnte. Pneumatische Kompensation der überhängenden Lasten
erfolgt mittels Kompensationseinheiten 46, an deren Stelle auch hydraulische
oder andere Servoantriebe vorgesehen sein können.The bearings of all rollers except the upper
Übliche Breitstreckwalzen können ebenfalls vorgesehen sein. Die gezeigte Kalanderanordnung kann als "In-Line-Kalander" einer Papieroder Streichmaschine nachgeordnet sein oder als "Off-Line-Kalander" arbeiten.Conventional spreader rollers can also be provided. The calender arrangement shown can be an "in-line calender" of a paper or Subsequent coating machine or work as an "off-line calender".
Die insoweit beschriebene Anordnung entspricht weitgehend dem Stand der Technik, abgesehen davon, daß der Durchmesser der Walzen zwischen den Durchbiegungsausgleichswalzen, zumindest aber der harten Walzen deutlich kleiner als üblich ist.The arrangement described so far largely corresponds to that State of the art, apart from the fact that the diameter of the rollers between the deflection compensation rollers, or at least the hard ones Rolling is significantly smaller than usual.
Gemäß der ersten Variante der Erfindung ist jede spaltbildende Walze mit einem eigenen Antrieb versehen, bestehend aus einem Elektromotor, zum Beispiel einem Gleichstrommotor, der über eine Gelenkwelle mit der ihm zugeordneten Walze gekuppelt ist und aus einer geregelten Versorgungseinheit gespeist wird. Die Antriebe sind in Fig. 1 nur durch das übliche Zwei-Viertel-Kreissymbol angedeutet.According to the first variant of the invention, each is gap-forming Provide roller with its own drive, consisting of a Electric motor, for example a direct current motor, which has a cardan shaft is coupled with the roller assigned to it and from a regulated supply unit is fed. The drives are in Fig. 1 only indicated by the usual two-quarter circle symbol.
Fig. 4 zeigt den Antrieb einer der Walzen. Der Antriebsmotor
ist ein Gleichstrommotor 50, gespeist aus einem Umformer 52 über einen
Regler 54, vorzugsweise einen digitalen PID-Regler.Fig. 4 shows the drive of one of the rollers. The drive motor
is a
In der Anlaufphase wird die Drehzahl geregelt; hierfür weist
jeder Motor 50 einen Istwertgeber in Form beispielsweise eines Tachodynamos
56 auf; die Sollwerte können in einem elektronischen Speicher 58
abgelegt sein, der sequentiell ausgelesen wird. In der Anlaufphase werden
die Sollwerte so gewählt, daß die jeweils einen Walzspalt definierenden
Walzen gleiche Umfangsgeschwindigkeit aufweisen.The speed is regulated in the start-up phase; for this points
each
In der Betriebsphase ist die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit nur mit Einschränkungen ein geeigneter Parameter, da sich ja die elastischen Walzen im Bereich des Walzspalts deformieren, also keine strikte Proportionalität mehr zwischen Drehzahl und Umfangsgeschwindigkeit vorliegt. Entsprechendes gilt für die bei Beheizung einer Walze erfolgende Dilatation.In the operating phase, the peripheral speed is only with Restrictions a suitable parameter, since the elastic Deform rollers in the area of the roll gap, so no strict proportionality there is more between speed and peripheral speed. The same applies to that taking place when a roller is heated Dilatation.
Aus diesem Grunde erfolgt im Betrieb eine Leistungsregelung.
Jeder Walze wird eine Leistung zugeführt, die zumindest annähernd die
Hälfte der in jedem von ihr definierten Walzspalt auf die Warenbahn
übertragenen Umformungs- und Transportleistungen zuzüglich der Verlustleistung
deckt. Es ist anzumerken, daß die Antriebsleistung der Leitwalzen
44 in der dargestellten Ausführungsform nach Art eines Zugmittelgetriebes
mittels der Warenbahn übertragen wird; auch diese Leistung ist
daher bei der Bemessung der Sollwerte --ebenfalls in dem Speicher 56
abgelegt -- zu berücksichtigen. Allerdings ist es, besonders- bei
größeren In-Line-Kalandern, bevorzugt, auch die Leitwalzen mit eigenen
Antrieben zu versehen. For this reason, there is a power regulation in operation.
A power is supplied to each roller which is at least approximately that
Half of the roll gap defined in each of the gap on the web
transferred forming and transport services plus power loss
covers. It should be noted that the drive power of the
Die Leistungsregelung weist die Besonderheit auf, daß bei der
Zumessung der Leistung zu den Motoren, die jeweils einen Walzspalt begrenzende
Paare von Walzen antreiben, bei einer Sollwertabweichung die
Leistung beider Motoren verstellt wird und da alle Walzen miteinander
verkettet sind, bedeutet das einen Regeleingriff an allen Motoren. Dem
Einzelmotorregler ist demgemäß ein Gesamtregler 60 hierarchisch übergeordnet,
der bei einer Sollwertabweichung auch nur bei einer einzigen
Walze neue Sollwerte der Leistung für alle Walzen berechnet oder einem
Suchtabellenspeicher entnimmt.The power control has the special feature that the
Measurement of the power to the motors, each delimiting a roll gap
Drive pairs of rollers, if there is a setpoint deviation, the
Performance of both motors is adjusted and since all the rollers are together
are linked, this means a control intervention on all motors. the
Single motor controller is accordingly hierarchically superordinate to an
In den Lagern der Walzen sind Kraftsensoren angeordnet, die zumindest
die in Horizontalrichtung von der betreffenden Walze auf das Gestell
10 übertragenen Kräfte erfassen. Solche "Kraftmeßlager" werden
beispielsweise von der Firma SKF Kugellagerfabriken GmbH, Schweinfurt,
angeboten. Wie oben erwähnt, wird die Leistung oder, genauer, die Leistungsverteilung
so geregelt, daß diese Horizontalkräfte möglichst klein
gehalten werden.Force sensors are arranged in the bearings of the rollers, at least
in the horizontal direction from the roller in question to the
Die Kalanderanordnung nach Figur 1 kann so betrieben werden, daß die Zahl der durchlaufenen Walzspalte vorgegeben wird; darüberhinaus kann der Betreiber das technologische Ergebnis durch Auswahl der Streckenlast und der Walzentemperaturen beeinflussen.The calender arrangement according to FIG. 1 can be operated that the number of nips passed is specified; Furthermore the operator can see the technological result by selecting the Line load and the roller temperatures influence.
Fig. 2 zeigt als zweite Ausführungsform einen Doppelkalander
mit jeweils nur zwei Walzspalten zur Glättung jeweils einer der Warenbahnseiten.
Die Elemente des in der Zeichnung linken Kalanders sind mit
den Bezugszeichen analoger Elemente in Fig. 1 bezeichnet, bei dem rechten
ist jeweils ein Indexstrich " ' " zugefügt. Man erkennt, daß jeder Einzelkalander
nur noch zwei Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen 40 bzw. 42 mit elastischem
Bezug und eine dazwischen angeordnete harte, beheizte Walze 44 aufweist.2 shows a double calender as a second embodiment
with only two nips each for smoothing one of the web sides.
The elements of the calender on the left in the drawing are included
the reference numerals of analog elements in Fig. 1, the right
an index line "'" is added in each case. It can be seen that each individual calender
only two
Fig. 3 stellt ein Beispiel für die zweite Variante der Erfindung
dar, abgeleitet von der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2. Hier hat die
harte, beheizte mittlere Walze 45 keinen eigenen Antrieb, sondern wird
von den Mänteln der Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen 40, 42 mitgenommen. Diese
übertragen zwar durch die Warenbahn die Antriebsmomente auf die harte
Walze 46, doch werden die Antriebe der beiden elastischen Walzen so geregelt,
daß die auf die harte Walze wirkenden Kräfte gleich und entgegengesetzt
werden.3 shows an example of the second variant of the invention
represents, derived from the embodiment of Fig. 2. Here has the
hard, heated
Es wird angenommen, daß z.B. bei Satinierkalandern wegen der extrem hohen Druckspannungen in den Walzspalten in Kombination mit hoher Temperatur bereits mit der in Fig. 2 bzw. 3 dargestellten Konfiguration gute technologische Ergebnisse erzielbar sind. Neben einer solchen Konfiguration 3/3 sind zahlreiche weitere denkbar, bei denen jeweils eine harte Walze zwischen zwei elastischen Walzen angeordnet ist, wie die Konfigurationen 5/3, 7/3, 5/5, 8/5 und andere.It is believed that e.g. in calendering because of the extremely high compressive stresses in the nips in combination with high Temperature already with the configuration shown in Fig. 2 or 3 good technological results can be achieved. In addition to one Configuration 3/3 there are numerous other conceivable options, each with one hard roller is arranged between two elastic rollers, such as configurations 5/3, 7/3, 5/5, 8/5 and others.
Claims (10)
- Calender (12) for treating a product web (28), comprising a plurality of rolls (14 to 26, 30), of which in each case a hard roll and a resilient roll define a nip, which rolls are fitted in uprights of a frame (10) with their axes vertically displaceable, and the bottom roll and the top roll being deflection controlled rolls (16/26, 18/30), characterized in that the rolls of a pair of rolls which form at least one nip are in each case assigned their own drive (50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60), which is controlled in such a way that forces acting on the rolls in the horizontal direction are kept to a minimum.
- Calender for treating a product web, comprising a plurality of rolls, of which in each case a hard roll and a resilient roll define a nip, which rolls are fitted in uprights of a frame with their axes vertically displaceable, and the bottom roll and the top roll being deflection controlled rolls, characterized in that the upper and lower resilient rolls of a group which comprises three rolls and defines two nips are in each case assigned their own drive, which is controlled in such a way that forces acting on the rolls in the horizontal direction are kept to a minimum.
- Calender according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drives of the individual rolls are supplied in a controlled manner with the power that is needed for the losses of the relevant roll and with at least approximately half the power for re-forming the product web and for transporting the product web.
- Calender according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the ACTUAL horizontal forces occurring in the roll bearings are measured.
- Calender according to Claim 1 or one of the claims that refer back to it, characterized in that all the rolls which bound a nip are equipped with their own drives.
- Calender according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that rolls around which the product web wraps, including guide rolls, are equipped with their own drives.
- Calender according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resilient rolls comprise a core provided with a resilient plastic cover.
- Calender according to 'one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a yoke which absorbs deflection forces and belongs to at least one of the deflection controlled rolls (14, 16) is arranged immovably in uprights of the frame (10).
- Calender according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each drive is assigned a controller (54), which, in the event of a set-point deviation, is supplied with an adapted set point by a higher-order overall controller (60).
- Calender according to Claim 9, characterized in that the individual controllers and the overall controller are designed to control the power distribution to all the drives.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19650576A DE19650576C2 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 1996-12-06 | calender |
| DE19650576 | 1996-12-06 | ||
| PCT/EP1997/006474 WO1998024969A1 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 1997-11-20 | Calender |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0886695A1 EP0886695A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
| EP0886695B1 true EP0886695B1 (en) | 2002-05-22 |
Family
ID=7813783
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97951247A Expired - Lifetime EP0886695B1 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 1997-11-20 | Calender |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US6095039A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0886695B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4255516B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE217927T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9707370A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2252414C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19650576C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2178028T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998024969A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2270279A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | Andritz Küsters GmbH | Calender for smoothing a paper web |
| EP2270280A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | Andritz Küsters GmbH | Calender for treating a material web |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19650576C2 (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 2001-02-15 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | calender |
| DE19723519A1 (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1998-12-10 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | calender |
| DE19803323C2 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 2003-06-05 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process for influencing a web material, such as paper, and calender for carrying out the process |
| DE19811474A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-23 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | Vertical arrangement of glazing rollers employed in paper manufacture |
| US20030126998A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2003-07-10 | Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Calender arrangement |
| US7096779B2 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 2006-08-29 | Eduard Küsters Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG | Calender arrangement |
| DE19815339A1 (en) * | 1998-04-06 | 1999-10-14 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Rolling machine and method for its operation |
| DE19940664C1 (en) | 1999-08-27 | 2001-02-08 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Calibration of calender rollers, for processing paper or cardboard gives a pilot setting and adjusts the pressure at the lower roller support, with support pressures registered when the upper roller nip is fully closed |
| FI20001362A0 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | Valmet Corp | Method for profiling a paper web |
| DE10204770B4 (en) † | 2002-02-05 | 2005-03-31 | Eduard Küsters Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG | Method for actively damping vibrations in a device for processing a moving web, device suitable for carrying out this method and roller suitable for use in this device |
| JP2007056409A (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-08 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | Super calender |
| US20060102019A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2006-05-18 | Pasi Kakkonen | Method and arrangement for calendering a web |
| DE102006056695A1 (en) | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-05 | Andritz Küsters Gmbh | Calender for the treatment of a web |
| DE102011052229A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-31 | Andritz Küsters Gmbh | calender |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1793114A (en) * | 1929-03-27 | 1931-02-17 | Minton Vacuum Dryer Corp | Slip-control calender |
| US3044392A (en) * | 1959-07-10 | 1962-07-17 | Kimberly Clark Co | Papermaking machine |
| US3172313A (en) * | 1961-03-21 | 1965-03-09 | Thomas A Fox | Strip rolling apparatus |
| FI62874C (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1983-03-10 | Valmet Oy | PAPER CALENDAR |
| DE3007452C2 (en) | 1980-02-28 | 1984-09-20 | Kleinewefers Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld | Process for regulating the pressure exerted in a calender and calender for carrying out this process |
| JPS5891890A (en) * | 1981-11-24 | 1983-05-31 | 神崎製紙株式会社 | Super calender |
| DE3713561A1 (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1988-11-10 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | CALENDAR WITH NIPRELIEVING |
| JPH04185790A (en) * | 1990-11-10 | 1992-07-02 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | Method and device for calendering |
| DE9207852U1 (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 1992-08-27 | Kleinewefers Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld | Mobile platform for the operating personnel of a calender |
| DE29504034U1 (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1995-05-04 | Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH, 47803 Krefeld | Calender for the two-sided treatment of a paper web |
| DE19549669C2 (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 2002-10-10 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | calender |
| DE29518424U1 (en) * | 1995-11-21 | 1996-03-14 | Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH, 47803 Krefeld | Calender in a paper or coating machine |
| US7357072B2 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 2008-04-15 | Eduard Kusters Maschinefabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Calender |
| US20040134361A1 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 2004-07-15 | Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Calender |
| DE19650576C2 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 2001-02-15 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | calender |
| DE19729531C2 (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 2002-12-12 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Paper calender |
-
1996
- 1996-12-06 DE DE19650576A patent/DE19650576C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-11-20 BR BR9707370-9A patent/BR9707370A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-20 DE DE59707328T patent/DE59707328D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-20 CA CA002252414A patent/CA2252414C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-20 ES ES97951247T patent/ES2178028T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-20 AT AT97951247T patent/ATE217927T1/en active
- 1997-11-20 US US09/117,753 patent/US6095039A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-20 JP JP52512898A patent/JP4255516B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-20 EP EP97951247A patent/EP0886695B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-20 WO PCT/EP1997/006474 patent/WO1998024969A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-06-27 US US09/604,837 patent/US6666135B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-02-28 US US12/039,468 patent/US7918159B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2270279A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | Andritz Küsters GmbH | Calender for smoothing a paper web |
| EP2270280A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | Andritz Küsters GmbH | Calender for treating a material web |
| WO2011000530A2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | Andritz Küsters Gmbh | Calender for smoothing a paper web |
| WO2011000529A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | Andritz Küsters GmbH & Co. KG | Calender for treating a product web |
| EP2278067A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-26 | Andritz Küsters GmbH | Calender for treating a material web |
| WO2011000530A3 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2012-08-09 | Andritz Küsters Gmbh | Calender for smoothing a paper web |
| US8440054B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2013-05-14 | Andritz Kusters Gmbh | Calender for calendering a paper web |
| US8545677B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2013-10-01 | Andritz Kusters Gmbh | Calender for treating a product web |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19650576C2 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| ES2178028T3 (en) | 2002-12-16 |
| US6666135B1 (en) | 2003-12-23 |
| BR9707370A (en) | 2000-01-04 |
| US20080210105A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
| JP2000504381A (en) | 2000-04-11 |
| DE19650576A1 (en) | 1998-06-10 |
| EP0886695A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
| ATE217927T1 (en) | 2002-06-15 |
| CA2252414A1 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
| WO1998024969A1 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
| DE59707328D1 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
| JP4255516B2 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
| CA2252414C (en) | 2007-04-03 |
| US7918159B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 |
| US6095039A (en) | 2000-08-01 |
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