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EP0883205B1 - Device for fixing a feeding element in a metallic waveguide of an antenna and for electrically connecting the element to a coaxial line outside the waveguide - Google Patents

Device for fixing a feeding element in a metallic waveguide of an antenna and for electrically connecting the element to a coaxial line outside the waveguide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0883205B1
EP0883205B1 EP98109139A EP98109139A EP0883205B1 EP 0883205 B1 EP0883205 B1 EP 0883205B1 EP 98109139 A EP98109139 A EP 98109139A EP 98109139 A EP98109139 A EP 98109139A EP 0883205 B1 EP0883205 B1 EP 0883205B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
base body
excitation element
coaxial line
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98109139A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0883205A3 (en
EP0883205A2 (en
Inventor
Stefan Burger
Klaus-Peter Oberle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Publication of EP0883205A2 publication Critical patent/EP0883205A2/en
Publication of EP0883205A3 publication Critical patent/EP0883205A3/en
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Publication of EP0883205B1 publication Critical patent/EP0883205B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
    • H01P5/103—Hollow-waveguide/coaxial-line transitions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/24—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave constituted by a dielectric or ferromagnetic rod or pipe
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/28—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave comprising elements constituting electric discontinuities and spaced in direction of wave propagation, e.g. dielectric elements or conductive elements forming artificial dielectric

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for fastening of an excitation element in a metallic waveguide an antenna and for the electrical connection of the same a coaxial line arranged outside the waveguide.
  • Devices of the aforementioned type include in the Level measurement technology can be used.
  • the runtime is the distance between the Product surface and the antenna determined.
  • Horn antennas have one Waveguide on, in the direction facing the product funnel-shaped metallic horn is formed.
  • Rod antennas also have a waveguide. at this type of antenna is a rod in the waveguide introduced from a dielectric that is in the product-facing Direction extends. Both types of antennas will usually fed via a coaxial line connected to a excitation element protruding into the waveguide connected.
  • Exciter elements are relatively complex in trade available plugs and sockets are used, e.g. of type SMA or N. Such connection elements are not only expensive, but also involve power losses, because at everyone Transition there is an impedance jump in which a portion of the Microwaves is reflected. This reflected part is no longer available as usable microwave energy Measurement available.
  • the excitation element is e.g. one laterally into one Round waveguide inserted mushroom through which electrical field components are excited. Laterally means here perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide.
  • the document DE 93 12 251 U discloses also a device according to the prior art Technology.
  • Excitation element a transmission wire.
  • the base body a second hole in which a second end of the Excitation element is fixed.
  • one end of the waveguide is by arranging the base body, through this shorted.
  • the hollow cylinder is in attached to the body by means of an interference fit.
  • the first end of the Excitation element has an axial, central blind bore, is attached to the end of the inner conductor and is there fixed by crimping, soldering or welding.
  • the base body lies with a outer ring surface on a snap ring.
  • the excitation element is a Send fungus.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through an antenna 1 with a Device for fastening an excitation element 2 in a metallic waveguide 3 and for electrical Connection of the same to an outside of the waveguide 3 arranged coaxial line 4.
  • microwaves are not from one in the figure shown microwave generator generated and over the Coaxial line 4 passed to antenna 1.
  • the microwave generator is, for example, a pulse radar device, an FMCW device or a continuously vibrating one Microwave oscillator.
  • the coaxial line 4 has one of an insulation surrounded inner conductor and one the inner conductor and the Isolation coaxial surrounding outer conductor.
  • the waveguide 3 is a section of a cylindrical one Metal pipe, e.g. made of aluminum or one Stainless steel.
  • a rod 5 is made a dielectric by means of a thread 5.1 screwed. About this rod 5, the microwaves in sent the free space and received it from there.
  • Fig. 4 shows a partially sectioned View of the base body 6. This is cylindrical and consists of a metal, e.g. made of stainless steel. The The diameter of the base body 6 is such that the Base body 6 closes the opening of the waveguide 3. The end of the waveguide 3, in which the base body 6 is thus arranged for microwaves shorted.
  • a seal 8 arranged between the base body 6 and an inner lateral surface the opening of the waveguide 3 is a seal 8 arranged. This is in one around the base body 6 annular groove 6.1 introduced. Through the Seal 8 is the base body 6 in the opening of the Waveguide 3 clamped and a between waveguide 3 and Base body 6 is an existing annular cylindrical gap sealed. This is e.g. then significant if one on the rod-facing side of the base body 6 existing Cavity, e.g. the section 3.1 of the pipe, with a Potting compound must be filled in.
  • a solid cylinder 13 made of a dielectric be arranged. This lies with a circular Base area 13.1 on the rod 5.
  • the full cylinder 13 has a gap 13.2 on its side facing away from the rod for receiving the excitation element 2 and the base body 6 lies on a base 13.1 opposite end face interrupted by the gap 13.2 Full cylinder 13 on. A movement of the base body 6 in rod-facing direction is thus through the seal 8 and prevented by the full cylinder 13.
  • a transmission wire In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 that is Excitation element 2 a transmission wire. This has a straight line Section and two adjacent legs. The Transmitting wire is introduced in the axial direction of waveguide 3, so that the straight section is substantially parallel to a rod-facing surface of the base body 6 and thus runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide 3. By magnetic field components are excited in the transmission wire.
  • the excitation element 2 here a transmission wire, is located on the rod-facing side of the base body 6.
  • the Coaxial line 4 leads from the microwave generator to the rod-facing Side of the base body 6.
  • a metallic hollow cylinder 9 is provided through which inner conductor of the coaxial line 4 surrounded by the insulation is passed through.
  • the base body 6 has a first axial through bore 6.2. In this is a first section 9.1 of the metallic hollow cylinder 9 plugged in.
  • the first section 9.1 is in the hole preferably attached by means of an interference fit.
  • a second section 9.2 of the hollow cylinder 9 extends in the axial direction on the rod-facing side of the Basic body 6. Between the first and the second Section 9.1, 9.2 is a radially outward molded shoulder 9.3, with which the Hollow cylinder 9 on a surface facing away from the rod Base body 6 rests. This prevents the Hollow cylinder 9 too far into the first hole during assembly 6.2 of the base body 6 is inserted.
  • Section 9.2 is one in comparison to the length section 9.2 very short, facing away from the rod End section cylindrical.
  • the outside diameter of the End section of the second section 9.2 takes in rod-facing Direction down.
  • Fig. 1 is a End region 10 of the outer conductor of the coaxial line 4 over the entire second section 9.2 of the hollow cylinder 9 slipped.
  • FIG. 2 11 It is a metal sleeve, shown in detail in FIG. 2 11 provided that the second section 9.2 of the Hollow cylinder 9 and the end portion 10 of the outer conductor encompasses coaxially. This is fixed by crimping.
  • the inner conductor of the coaxial line 4 is through the Passed hollow cylinder 9 and has Insulation-free end 12 protruding into the waveguide 3 on. At this is a first end 2.1 of the excitation element 2 attached.
  • the first end 2.1 preferably has an axial, centric blind bore on the end 12 of the Inner conductor is attached and there by crimping, Soldering or welding is attached.
  • the base body 6 has a second axial bore 6.3, parallel to and from the first hole 6.2 runs at a distance.
  • this second hole 6.3 is a inserted second end 2.2 of the excitation element 2 and there fixed.
  • further hole 6.4 provided by a cylindrical lateral surface of the base body 6 to the second hole 6.3 leads.
  • this further hole 6.4 is a fixing screw, not shown in the figures mounted through which the second end 2.2 of the excitation element 2 is fixed in the second hole 6.3.
  • Other types of Fastening can also be used.
  • the Prepared coaxial line 4 When assembling the device, the Prepared coaxial line 4 so that it is a insulation-free end 12 and an adjacent one Has section with inner conductor and insulation. On the thus prepared coaxial line 4 becomes the metal sleeve 11 and then the end of the coaxial line 4 inserted into the metallic hollow cylinder 9 until that Insulation-free end 12 from the metallic hollow cylinder 9 protrudes.
  • the section 9.1 of the hollow cylinder 9 already press-fit into the bore 6.2 of the base body 6. Since the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder 9 at the end decreases the end portion 10 of the outer conductor of the Coaxial line 4 over the section 9.2 of the hollow cylinder 9.
  • the metal sleeve 11 is closed position that section 9.2 of the hollow cylinder 9 and surrounds the end region 10 of the outer conductor and there admircrimpen.
  • the excitation element 2 is in the manner already described to fix.
  • the Seal 8 introduced into the groove 6.1 and the base body 6 pushed into the opening of the waveguide 3.
  • Guide holes 6.5 provided in the corresponding shaped tool for mounting the base body 6 is plugged in.
  • the Solid cylinder 13 introduced into the waveguide 3 and the Rod 5 screwed into the thread 5.1.
  • the basic body is for Attachment of a transmitter in one on one arranged cylindrical outer surface of the semiconductor Place the opening and one end of the transmitter, e.g. a pin-shaped sleeve, is on the insulation-free end of the Inner conductor inside the waveguide, e.g. by means of Crimp, fasten. A second end of the broadcaster is located inside the waveguide.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Befestigung eines Erregerelements in einem metallischen Hohlleiter einer Antenne und zum elektrischen Anschluß desselben an eine außerhalb des Hohlleiters angeordnete Koaxialleitung.The invention relates to a device for fastening of an excitation element in a metallic waveguide an antenna and for the electrical connection of the same a coaxial line arranged outside the waveguide.

Vorrichtungen der vorgenannten Art sind u.a. in der Füllstandsmeßtechnik einsetzbar. Dort werden Mikrowellen mittels einer Antenne zur Oberfläche eines Füllguts gesendet und die an der Oberfläche reflektierten Echowellen empfangen. Es wird eine die Echoamplituden als Funktion der Entfernung darstellende Echofunktion gebildet, aus der das wahrscheinliche Nutzecho und dessen Laufzeit bestimmt werden. Aus der Laufzeit wird der Abstand zwischen der Füllgut-Oberfläche und der Antenne bestimmt.Devices of the aforementioned type include in the Level measurement technology can be used. There are microwaves by means of an antenna to the surface of a product sent and the echo waves reflected on the surface receive. It becomes one of the echo amplitudes as a function of Distance-forming echo function is formed, from which the probable useful echo and its duration determined become. The runtime is the distance between the Product surface and the antenna determined.

Es können alle bekannten Verfahren angewendet werden, die es ermöglichen, verhältnismäßig kurze Entfernungen mittels reflektierter Mikrowellen zu messen. Die bekanntesten Beispiele sind das Pulsradar und das Frequenzmodulations-Dauerstrichradar (FMCW-Radar).All known methods can be used make it possible to use relatively short distances to measure reflected microwaves. The most popular Examples are the pulse radar and the frequency modulation continuous wave radar (FMCW radar).

In der Füllstandsmeßtechnik werden üblicherweise Horn- oder Stabantennen eingesetzt. Hornantennen weisen einen Hohlleiter auf, an den in füllgut-zugewandter Richtung ein trichterförmiges metallisches Horn angeformt ist. Stabantennen weisen ebenfalls einen Hohlleiter auf. Bei diesem Antennentyp ist jedoch in den Hohlleiter ein Stab aus einem Dielektrikum eingebracht, der sich in füllgut-zugewandter Richtung erstreckt. Beide Antennentypen werden üblicherweise über eine Koaxialleitung gespeist, die an ein in den Hohlleiter hineinragendes Erregerelement angeschlossen ist. Zum elektrischen Anschluß des Erregerelements werden verhältnismäßig aufwendige im Handel erhältliche Stecker und Buchsen eingesetzt, z.B. vom Typ SMA oder N. Derartige Anschlußelemente sind nicht nur teuer, sondern bedingen auch Verlustleistungen, da an jedem Übergang ein Impedanzsprung vorliegt, an dem ein Anteil der Mikrowellen reflektiert wird. Dieser reflektierte Anteil steht nicht mehr als nutzbare Mikrowellenenergie zur Messung zur Verfügung.In the level measurement technology horn or Rod antennas used. Horn antennas have one Waveguide on, in the direction facing the product funnel-shaped metallic horn is formed. Rod antennas also have a waveguide. at this type of antenna is a rod in the waveguide introduced from a dielectric that is in the product-facing Direction extends. Both types of antennas will usually fed via a coaxial line connected to a excitation element protruding into the waveguide connected. For the electrical connection of the Exciter elements are relatively complex in trade available plugs and sockets are used, e.g. of type SMA or N. Such connection elements are not only expensive, but also involve power losses, because at everyone Transition there is an impedance jump in which a portion of the Microwaves is reflected. This reflected part is no longer available as usable microwave energy Measurement available.

Als Erregerelement dient z.B. ein seitlich in einen Rundhohlleiter eingeführter Sendepilz, durch den elektrische Feldkomponenten angeregt werden. Seitlich meint hier senkrecht zur Längsachse des Hohlleiters.The excitation element is e.g. one laterally into one Round waveguide inserted mushroom through which electrical field components are excited. Laterally means here perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide.

Neuere Entwicklungen der Anmelderin haben gezeigt, daß es möglich ist einen Sendedraht als Erregerelement einzusetzen. Hierzu wird auf die am 23.07.1996 eingereichte Deutsche Patentanmeldung mit dem Aktenzeichen 196 29 593 verwiesen. Der dort beschriebene Sendedraht weist einen geraden Abschnitt und zwei daran angrenzende Schenkel auf. Der Sendedraht ist in axialer Richtung in einen Rundhohlleiter eingeführt. Durch den Sendedraht werden magnetische Feldkomponenten angeregt.Recent developments by the applicant have shown that it a transmission wire is possible as an excitation element use. For this purpose, the submitted on 07/23/1996 German patent application with the file number 196 29 593 directed. The transmission wire described there has one straight section and two adjacent legs. The transmission wire is in one in the axial direction Round waveguide introduced. Be through the transmit wire magnetic field components excited.

Das Dokument DE 93 12 251 U offenbart ebenso eine Vorrichtung nach dem Stand der Technik.The document DE 93 12 251 U discloses also a device according to the prior art Technology.

Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zur Befestigung eines Erregerelements in einem metallischen Hohlleiter einer Antenne und zum elektrischen Anschluß desselben an eine außerhalb des Hohlleiters angeordnete Koaxialleitung anzugeben, die kostengünstig ist und bei der geringe Verlustleistungen auftreten. It is an object of the invention to provide a device for Attachment of an excitation element in a metallic Waveguide of an antenna and for electrical connection the same to one arranged outside the waveguide Specify coaxial line that is inexpensive and at the low power losses occur.

Hierzu besteht die Erfindung in einer Vorrichtung zur Befestigung eines Erregerelements in einem metallischen Hohlleiter einer Antenne und zum elektrischen Anschluß desselben an eine außerhalb des Hohlleiters angeordnete Koaxialleitung, welche Vorrichtung umfaßt:

  • das Erregerelement,
  • die Koaxialleitung,
  • einen eine Öffnung des Hohlleiters verschließenden metallischen Grundkörper mit einer ersten durchgehenden Bohrung,
  • einen metallischen Hohlzylinder,
    • durch den ein von einer Isolation umgebener Innenleiter der Koaxialleitung hindurchgeführt ist,
    • der einen in die erste Bohrung eingesteckten ersten Abschnitt aufweist und
    • der einen zweiten Abschnitt aufweist,
      • über den ein Endbereich eines Außenleiters der Koaxialleitung gestülpt ist, und
  • eine den zweiten Abschnitt des Hohlzylinders und den Endbereich des Außenleiters koaxial umgreifende durch Crimpung befestigte Metallhülse,
  • wobei ein erstes Ende des Erregerelements auf einem isolationsfreien sich in das Innere des Hohlleiters erstreckenden Ende des Innenleiters befestigt ist.
For this purpose, the invention consists in a device for fastening an excitation element in a metallic waveguide of an antenna and for electrically connecting the same to a coaxial line arranged outside the waveguide, which device comprises:
  • the excitation element,
  • the coaxial line,
  • a metallic base body closing an opening of the waveguide with a first through-hole,
  • a metallic hollow cylinder,
    • through which an inner conductor of the coaxial line surrounded by insulation is passed,
    • which has a first section inserted into the first bore and
    • which has a second section
      • over which an end region of an outer conductor of the coaxial line is placed, and
  • a metal sleeve fastened by crimping coaxially encompassing the second section of the hollow cylinder and the end region of the outer conductor,
  • wherein a first end of the excitation element is attached to an insulation-free end of the inner conductor that extends into the interior of the waveguide.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Erregerelement ein Sendedraht.According to one embodiment of the invention Excitation element a transmission wire.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung weist der Grundkörper eine zweite Bohrung auf, in der ein zweites Ende des Erregerelements fixiert ist.According to a development, the base body a second hole in which a second end of the Excitation element is fixed.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung ist zwischen dem Grundkörper und einer Inneren Mantelfläche der Öffnung in der Wand des Hohlleiters eine Dichtung angeordnet, die in eine um den Grundkörper umlaufende Nut eingebracht ist.According to a further development between the base body and an inner lateral surface of the opening in the wall of the Waveguide a seal arranged in a around the Basic body circumferential groove is introduced.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung ist ein Ende des Hohlleiters, indem der Grundkörper angeordnet ist, durch diesen kurzgeschlossen.According to one embodiment, one end of the waveguide is by arranging the base body, through this shorted.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist der Hohlzylinder in dem Grundkörper mittels Preßpassung befestigt.According to a further embodiment, the hollow cylinder is in attached to the body by means of an interference fit.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung weist das erste Ende des Erregerelements eine axiale, zentrische Sackbohrung auf, ist auf das Ende des Innenleiters aufgesteckt und ist dort mittels Crimpung, Lötung oder Schweißung befestigt.According to one embodiment, the first end of the Excitation element has an axial, central blind bore, is attached to the end of the inner conductor and is there fixed by crimping, soldering or welding.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung liegt der Grundkörper mit einer äußeren Ringfläche auf einem Sprengring auf.According to one embodiment, the base body lies with a outer ring surface on a snap ring.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung ist das Erregerelement ein Sendepilz.According to one embodiment, the excitation element is a Send fungus.

Die Erfindung und weitere Vorteile werden nun anhand der Figuren der Zeichnung, in denen ein Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt ist, näher erläutert; gleiche Elemente sind in den Figuren mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.

Fig. 1
zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung;
Fig. 2
zeigt die Metallhülse von Fig. 1 im Schnitt;
Fig. 3
zeigt den Hohlzylinder von Fig. 1 im Schnitt; und
Fig. 4
zeigt eine teilweise geschnittene Ansicht des Grundkörpers von Fig. 1.
The invention and further advantages will now be explained in more detail with reference to the figures of the drawing, in which an exemplary embodiment is shown; Identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.
Fig. 1
shows a section through a device according to the invention;
Fig. 2
shows the metal sleeve of Figure 1 in section.
Fig. 3
shows the hollow cylinder of Figure 1 in section. and
Fig. 4
shows a partially sectioned view of the base body of FIG. 1st

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Antenne 1 mit einer Vorrichtung zur Befestigung eines Erregerelements 2 in einem metallischen Hohlleiter 3 und zum elektrischen Anschluß desselben an eine außerhalb des Hohlleiters 3 angeordnete Koaxialleitung 4.Fig. 1 shows a section through an antenna 1 with a Device for fastening an excitation element 2 in a metallic waveguide 3 and for electrical Connection of the same to an outside of the waveguide 3 arranged coaxial line 4.

Die Mikrowellen werden von einem in der Figur nicht dargestellten Mikrowellen-Generator erzeugt und über die Koaxialleitung 4 zur Antenne 1 geleitet.The microwaves are not from one in the figure shown microwave generator generated and over the Coaxial line 4 passed to antenna 1.

Der Mikrowellen-Generator ist beispielsweise ein Pulsradar-Gerät, ein FMCW-Gerät oder ein kontinuierlich schwingender Mikrowellen-Oszillator.The microwave generator is, for example, a pulse radar device, an FMCW device or a continuously vibrating one Microwave oscillator.

Die Koaxialleitung 4 weist einen von einer Isolation umgebenen Innenleiter und einen den Innenleiter und die Isolation koaxial umgebenden Außenleiter auf.The coaxial line 4 has one of an insulation surrounded inner conductor and one the inner conductor and the Isolation coaxial surrounding outer conductor.

Der Hohlleiter 3 ist ein Abschnitt eines zylindrischen Rohrs aus einem Metall, z.B. aus Aluminium oder aus einem Edelstahl. In ein Ende des Hohlleiters 3 ist ein Stab 5 aus einem Dielektrikum mittels eines Gewindes 5.1 eingeschraubt. Über diesen Stab 5 werden die Mikrowellen in den freien Raum gesendet und von dort empfangen. The waveguide 3 is a section of a cylindrical one Metal pipe, e.g. made of aluminum or one Stainless steel. In one end of the waveguide 3, a rod 5 is made a dielectric by means of a thread 5.1 screwed. About this rod 5, the microwaves in sent the free space and received it from there.

An dem stab-abgewandten Ende des Hohlleiters 3 besteht eine im Querschnitt kreisförmige Öffnung, in die ein Grundkörper 6 eingesetzt ist. Fig. 4 zeigt eine teilweise geschnittene Ansicht des Grundkörpers 6. Dieser ist zylindrisch und besteht aus einem Metall, z.B. aus einem Edelstahl. Der Durchmesser des Grundkörpers 6 ist derart bemessen, daß der Grundkörper 6 die Öffnung des Hohlleiters 3 verschließt. Das Ende des Hohlleiters 3, in dem der Grundkörper 6 angeordnet ist, ist somit durch diesen für Mikrowellen kurzgeschlossen.At the end of the waveguide 3 facing away from the rod there is one Cross-sectionally circular opening into which a base body 6 is used. Fig. 4 shows a partially sectioned View of the base body 6. This is cylindrical and consists of a metal, e.g. made of stainless steel. The The diameter of the base body 6 is such that the Base body 6 closes the opening of the waveguide 3. The end of the waveguide 3, in which the base body 6 is thus arranged for microwaves shorted.

Auf der stab-abgewandten Seite erstreckt sich ein weiterer Abschnitt 3.1 des Rohrs, das den Hohlleiter 3 bildet, in axialer Richtung. Auf der Innenseite dieses Abschnitts 3.1 ist eine ringförmig umlaufende Nut angeordnet. In dieser ist eine Sprengring 7 angeordnet, der sich radial in das Innere des Abschnitts 3.1 erstreckt. Der Grundkörper 6 liegt mit einer äußeren Ringfläche auf dem Sprengring 7 auf. Der Sprengring 7 verhindert eine Bewegung des Grundkörpers 6 in axialer stab-abgewandter Richtung.Another extends on the side facing away from the rod Section 3.1 of the tube that forms the waveguide 3 in axial direction. On the inside of this section 3.1 an annular circumferential groove is arranged. In this a snap ring 7 is arranged, which extends radially into the Interior of section 3.1 extends. The base body 6 lies with an outer ring surface on the snap ring 7 on. The snap ring 7 prevents movement of the Base body 6 in the axial direction facing away from the rod.

Zwischen dem Grundkörper 6 und einer Inneren Mantelfläche der Öffnung des Hohlleiters 3 ist eine Dichtung 8 angeordnet. Diese ist in eine um den Grundkörper 6 ringförmig umlaufende Nut 6.1 eingebracht. Durch die Dichtung 8 ist der Grundkörper 6 in der Öffnung des Hohlleiters 3 eingespannt und ein zwischen Hohlleiter 3 und Grundkörper 6 bestehender ringzylindrischer Spalt ist abgedichtet. Dies ist z.B. dann von Bedeutung, wenn ein auf der stab-abgewandten Seite des Grundkörpers 6 bestehender Hohlraum, z.B. der Abschnitt 3.1 des Rohrs, mit einer Vergußmasse auszufüllen ist. Between the base body 6 and an inner lateral surface the opening of the waveguide 3 is a seal 8 arranged. This is in one around the base body 6 annular groove 6.1 introduced. Through the Seal 8 is the base body 6 in the opening of the Waveguide 3 clamped and a between waveguide 3 and Base body 6 is an existing annular cylindrical gap sealed. This is e.g. then significant if one on the rod-facing side of the base body 6 existing Cavity, e.g. the section 3.1 of the pipe, with a Potting compound must be filled in.

Zusätzlich zu der Befestigung, die durch die Dichtung 8 besteht, kann auf der stab-zugewandten Seite des Grundkörpers 6 ein Vollzylinder 13 aus einem Dielektrikum angeordnet sein. Dieser liegt mit einer kreisförmigen Grundfläche 13.1 auf dem Stab 5 auf. Der Vollzylinder 13 weist auf dessen stab-abgewandter Seite einen Spalt 13.2 zur Aufnahme des Erregerelements 2 auf und der Grundkörper 6 liegt auf einer der Grundfläche 13.1 gegenüberliegenden, durch den Spalt 13.2 unterbrochenen Stirnfläche des Vollzylinders 13 auf. Eine Bewegung des Grundkörpers 6 in stab-zugewandter Richtung ist also durch die Dichtung 8 und durch den Vollzylinder 13 unterbunden.In addition to the attachment provided by the gasket 8 can exist on the rod-facing side of the Base body 6 a solid cylinder 13 made of a dielectric be arranged. This lies with a circular Base area 13.1 on the rod 5. The full cylinder 13 has a gap 13.2 on its side facing away from the rod for receiving the excitation element 2 and the base body 6 lies on a base 13.1 opposite end face interrupted by the gap 13.2 Full cylinder 13 on. A movement of the base body 6 in rod-facing direction is thus through the seal 8 and prevented by the full cylinder 13.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Erregerelement 2 ein Sendedraht. Dieser weist einen geraden Abschnitt und zwei daran angrenzende Schenkel auf. Der Sendedraht ist in axialer Richtung Hohlleiter 3 eingeführt, so daß der gerade Abschnitt im wesentlichen parallel zu einer stab-zugewandten Fläche des Grundkörpers 6 und somit senkrecht zur Längsachse des Hohlleiters 3 verläuft. Durch den Sendedraht werden magnetische Feldkomponenten angeregt.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 that is Excitation element 2 a transmission wire. This has a straight line Section and two adjacent legs. The Transmitting wire is introduced in the axial direction of waveguide 3, so that the straight section is substantially parallel to a rod-facing surface of the base body 6 and thus runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide 3. By magnetic field components are excited in the transmission wire.

Es kann aber auch ein seitlich in den Hohlleiter 3 eingeführter in den Figuren nicht dargestellter Sendepilz als Erregerelement eingesetzt werden, durch den elektrische Feldkomponenten angeregt werden. Seitlich meint hier senkrecht zur Längsachse des Hohlleiters.But it can also be a laterally in the waveguide 3rd introduced mushroom, not shown in the figures be used as an excitation element by the electrical Field components are excited. Laterally means here perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide.

Das Erregerelement 2, hier ein Sendedraht, befindet sich auf der stab-zugewandten Seite des Grundkörpers 6. Die Koaxialleitung 4 führt vom Mikrowellen-Generator zur stab-abgewandten Seite des Grundkörper 6. Zum elektrischen Anschluß des Erregerelements 2 an die Koaxialleitung 4 ist ein metallischer Hohlzylinder 9 vorgesehen, durch den der von der Isolation umgebene Innenleiter der Koaxialleitung 4 hindurchgeführt ist. Der Grundkörper 6 weist eine erste axiale durchgehende Bohrung 6.2 auf. In diese ist ein erster Abschnitt 9.1 des metallischen Hohlzylinders 9 eingesteckt. Der erste Abschnitt 9.1 ist in der Bohrung vorzugsweise mittels Preßpassung befestigt.The excitation element 2, here a transmission wire, is located on the rod-facing side of the base body 6. The Coaxial line 4 leads from the microwave generator to the rod-facing Side of the base body 6. To the electrical Connection of the excitation element 2 to the coaxial line 4 is a metallic hollow cylinder 9 is provided through which inner conductor of the coaxial line 4 surrounded by the insulation is passed through. The base body 6 has a first axial through bore 6.2. In this is a first section 9.1 of the metallic hollow cylinder 9 plugged in. The first section 9.1 is in the hole preferably attached by means of an interference fit.

Ein zweiter Abschnitt 9.2 des Hohlzylinders 9 erstreckt sich in axialer Richtung auf der stab-abgewandten Seite des Grundkörpers 6. Zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Abschnitt 9.1, 9.2 ist eine sich radial nach außen erstreckende Schulter 9.3 angeformt, mit der der Hohlzylinder 9 auf einer stab-abgewandten Fläche des Grundkörpers 6 aufliegt. Hierdurch wird vermieden, daß der Hohlzylinder 9 bei der Montage zu weit in die erste Bohrung 6.2 des Grundkörpers 6 eingesteckt wird.A second section 9.2 of the hollow cylinder 9 extends in the axial direction on the rod-facing side of the Basic body 6. Between the first and the second Section 9.1, 9.2 is a radially outward molded shoulder 9.3, with which the Hollow cylinder 9 on a surface facing away from the rod Base body 6 rests. This prevents the Hollow cylinder 9 too far into the first hole during assembly 6.2 of the base body 6 is inserted.

Der Abschnitt 9.2 ist bis auf einen im Vergleich zur Länge des Abschnitts 9.2 sehr kurzen stab-abgewandten Endabschnitt zylindrisch. Der Außendurchmesser des Endabschnitts des zweiten Abschnitts 9.2 nimmt in stab-abgewandter Richtung ab. Wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, ist ein Endbereich 10 des Außenleiters der Koaxialleitung 4 über den gesamten zweiten Abschnitt 9.2 des Hohlzylinders 9 gestülpt.Section 9.2 is one in comparison to the length section 9.2 very short, facing away from the rod End section cylindrical. The outside diameter of the End section of the second section 9.2 takes in rod-facing Direction down. As shown in Fig. 1, is a End region 10 of the outer conductor of the coaxial line 4 over the entire second section 9.2 of the hollow cylinder 9 slipped.

Es ist eine, in Fig. 2 im Detail dargestellte, Metallhülse 11 vorgesehen, die den zweiten Abschnitt 9.2 des Hohlzylinders 9 und den Endbereich 10 des Außenleiters koaxial umgreift. Diese ist durch Crimpung befestigt.It is a metal sleeve, shown in detail in FIG. 2 11 provided that the second section 9.2 of the Hollow cylinder 9 and the end portion 10 of the outer conductor encompasses coaxially. This is fixed by crimping.

Der Innenleiter der Koaxialleitung 4 ist durch den Hohlzylinder 9 hindurchgeführt und weist ein isolationsfreies in den Hohlleiter 3 hineinragendes Ende 12 auf. An diesem ist ein erstes Ende 2.1 des Erregerelements 2 befestigt. The inner conductor of the coaxial line 4 is through the Passed hollow cylinder 9 and has Insulation-free end 12 protruding into the waveguide 3 on. At this is a first end 2.1 of the excitation element 2 attached.

Hierzu weist das erste Ende 2.1 vorzugsweise eine axiale, zentrische Sackbohrung auf, die auf das Ende 12 des Innenleiters aufgesteckt ist und dort durch Crimpung, Lötung oder Schweißung befestigt ist.For this purpose, the first end 2.1 preferably has an axial, centric blind bore on the end 12 of the Inner conductor is attached and there by crimping, Soldering or welding is attached.

Der Grundkörper 6 weist eine zweite axiale Bohrung 6.3 auf, die parallel zu der ersten Bohrung 6.2 und von dieser beabstandet verläuft. In diese zweite Bohrung 6.3 ist ein zweites Ende 2.2 des Erregerelements 2 eingesteckt und dort fixiert. Hierzu ist eine senkrecht zu der zweiten Bohrung 6.3 verlaufende weitere Bohrung 6.4 vorgesehen, die von einer zylindrischen Mantelfläche des Grundkörper 6 zu der zweiten Bohrung 6.3 führt. In dieser weiteren Bohrung 6.4 ist eine in den Figuren nicht dargestellte Fixierschraube montiert, durch die das zweite Ende 2.2 des Erregerelements 2 in der zweiten Bohrung 6.3 fixiert ist. Andere Arten der Befestigung sind ebenfalls einsetzbar.The base body 6 has a second axial bore 6.3, parallel to and from the first hole 6.2 runs at a distance. In this second hole 6.3 is a inserted second end 2.2 of the excitation element 2 and there fixed. For this there is a perpendicular to the second hole 6.3 extending further hole 6.4 provided by a cylindrical lateral surface of the base body 6 to the second hole 6.3 leads. In this further hole 6.4 is a fixing screw, not shown in the figures mounted through which the second end 2.2 of the excitation element 2 is fixed in the second hole 6.3. Other types of Fastening can also be used.

Bei der Montage der Vorrichtung wird zunächst die Koaxialleitung 4 so präpariert, daß sie ein isolationsfreies Ende 12 und einen daran angrenzenden Abschnitt mit Innenleiter und Isolation aufweist. Auf die so präparierte Koaxialleitung 4 wird die Metallhülse 11 aufgesteckt und anschließend das Ende der Koaxialleitung 4 in den metallischen Hohlzylinder 9 hineingeführt bis das isolationsfreie Ende 12 aus dem metallischen Hohlzylinder 9 herausragt. Dabei ist der Abschnitt 9.1 des Hohlzylinders 9 bereits in die Bohrung 6.2 des Grundkörpers 6 preßgepaßt. Da der Außendurchmesser des Hohlzylinders 9 endseitig abnimmt rutscht der Endbereich 10 des Außenleiters der Koaxialleitung 4 über den Abschnitt 9.2 des Hohlzylinder 9.When assembling the device, the Prepared coaxial line 4 so that it is a insulation-free end 12 and an adjacent one Has section with inner conductor and insulation. On the thus prepared coaxial line 4 becomes the metal sleeve 11 and then the end of the coaxial line 4 inserted into the metallic hollow cylinder 9 until that Insulation-free end 12 from the metallic hollow cylinder 9 protrudes. The section 9.1 of the hollow cylinder 9 already press-fit into the bore 6.2 of the base body 6. Since the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder 9 at the end decreases the end portion 10 of the outer conductor of the Coaxial line 4 over the section 9.2 of the hollow cylinder 9.

In einem nächsten Schritt ist die Metallhülse 11 so zu positionieren, daß sie den Abschnitt 9.2 des Hohlzylinders 9 und den Endbereich 10 des Außenleiters umgibt und dort aufzucrimpen.In a next step, the metal sleeve 11 is closed position that section 9.2 of the hollow cylinder 9 and surrounds the end region 10 of the outer conductor and there aufzucrimpen.

Der Erregerelement 2 ist auf die bereits beschriebene Weise zu befestigen. In einem weiteren Arbeitsgang wird die Dichtung 8 in die Nut 6.1 eingebracht und der Grundkörper 6 in die Öffnung des Hohlleiters 3 hineingeschoben. Hierzu sind auf der stab-zugewandten Seite des Grundkörpers 6 Führungsbohrungen 6.5 vorgesehen, in die ein entsprechend geformtes Werkzeug zur Montage des Grundkörpers 6 eingesteckt wird. Danach wird gegebenenfalls der Vollzylinder 13 in den Hohlleiter 3 eingebracht und der Stab 5 in das Gewinde 5.1 eingeschraubt.The excitation element 2 is in the manner already described to fix. In a further step, the Seal 8 introduced into the groove 6.1 and the base body 6 pushed into the opening of the waveguide 3. For this are on the rod-facing side of the base body 6 Guide holes 6.5 provided in the corresponding shaped tool for mounting the base body 6 is plugged in. After that, the Solid cylinder 13 introduced into the waveguide 3 and the Rod 5 screwed into the thread 5.1.

Bei einer Hornantenne würde der Aufbau völlig analog erfolgen. Der einzige wesentliche Unterschied zur Stabantenne besteht darin, daß an den Hohlleiter 3 ein trichterförmiges Horn angeformt ist.With a horn antenna, the structure would be completely analog respectively. The only essential difference to Rod antenna is that on the waveguide 3 funnel-shaped horn is formed.

Bei dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Erregerelement 2 ein Sendedraht. Als Erregerelement kann auch ein seitlich in einen Rundhohlleiter eingeführter Sendepilz dienen, durch den elektrische Feldkomponenten angeregt werden. Seitlich meint hier senkrecht zur Längsachse des Hohlleiters. Der Grundkörper ist zur Befestigung eines Sendepilzes in einer auf einer zylindrischen Mantelfläche des Hohleiters angeordneten Öffnung anzubringen und ein Ende des Sendepilzes, z.B. eine stiftförmige Hülse, ist auf dem isolationsfreien Ende des Innenleiters im Inneren des Hohlleiters, z.B. mittels Crimpung, zu befestigen. Ein zweites Ende des Sendepilzes befindet sich im Inneren des Hohlleiters.In the described embodiment, this is Excitation element 2 a transmission wire. Can be used as an excitation element also a laterally inserted into a circular waveguide Transmit mushroom serve through the electrical field components be stimulated. Lateral here means perpendicular to Longitudinal axis of the waveguide. The basic body is for Attachment of a transmitter in one on one arranged cylindrical outer surface of the semiconductor Place the opening and one end of the transmitter, e.g. a pin-shaped sleeve, is on the insulation-free end of the Inner conductor inside the waveguide, e.g. by means of Crimp, fasten. A second end of the broadcaster is located inside the waveguide.

Claims (9)

  1. Device for fastening an excitation element (2) in a metallic waveguide (3) of an antenna (1) and for electrically connecting the element to a coaxial line (4) arranged outside the waveguide (3), which device comprises:
    the excitation element (2),
    the coaxial line (4),
    a metallic base body (6) which seals an opening in the waveguide (3) and has a first through-bore (6.2),
    a metallic hollow cylinder (9),
    through which the inner conductor, surrounded by an insulation, of the coaxial line (4) is guided,
    which has a first section (9.1) plugged into the first bore (6.2), and
    which has a second section (9.2),
    over which an end region (10) of an outer conductor of the coaxial line (4) is pushed, and
    a metal sleeve (11) which is fastened by crimping and which coaxially embraces the second section (9.2) of the hollow cylinder (9) and the end region (10) of the outer conductor,
    a first end (2.1) of the excitation element (2) being fastened on an insulation-free end (12) of the inner conductor which extends into the interior of the waveguide (3).
  2. Device according to Claim 1, in which the excitation element (2) is a transmitting wire.
  3. Device according to Claim 2, in which the base body (6) has a second bore (6.3), in which a second end (2.2) of the excitation element (2) is fixed.
  4. Device according to Claim 1, in which a seal (8) is arranged between the base body (6) and an inner lateral surface of the opening in the wall of the waveguide (3), the seal (8) being inserted into a groove (6.1) running around the base body (6).
  5. Device according to Claim 2, in which one end of the waveguide (3), in which the base body (6) is arranged, is short-circuited by the latter.
  6. Device according to Claim 1, in which the hollow cylinder (9) is fastened in the base body (6) by means of a press fit.
  7. Device according to Claim 2, in which the first end (2.1) of the excitation element (2) has an axial, central blind bore, is plugged onto the end (12) of the inner conductor and is fastened there by means of crimping, soldering or welding.
  8. Device according to Claim 1, in which the base body (6) rests with an outer annular surface on a spring ring (7).
  9. Device according to Claim 1, in which the excitation element (2) is a mushroom-type transmitter.
EP98109139A 1997-06-06 1998-05-20 Device for fixing a feeding element in a metallic waveguide of an antenna and for electrically connecting the element to a coaxial line outside the waveguide Expired - Lifetime EP0883205B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19723880 1997-06-06
DE19723880A DE19723880A1 (en) 1997-06-06 1997-06-06 Device for fastening an excitation element in a metallic waveguide of an antenna and for electrically connecting the same to a coaxial line arranged outside the waveguide

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EP0883205A2 EP0883205A2 (en) 1998-12-09
EP0883205A3 EP0883205A3 (en) 1999-08-11
EP0883205B1 true EP0883205B1 (en) 2004-06-30

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EP (1) EP0883205B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3054122B2 (en)
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CA2239403C (en) 2001-02-27
JP3054122B2 (en) 2000-06-19
US6088001A (en) 2000-07-11
CA2239403A1 (en) 1998-12-06
JPH1117414A (en) 1999-01-22
EP0883205A2 (en) 1998-12-09
DE19723880A1 (en) 1998-12-10
DE59811619D1 (en) 2004-08-05

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