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EP0788655B1 - Metal halide discharge lamp for photo-optical purposes - Google Patents

Metal halide discharge lamp for photo-optical purposes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0788655B1
EP0788655B1 EP95934051A EP95934051A EP0788655B1 EP 0788655 B1 EP0788655 B1 EP 0788655B1 EP 95934051 A EP95934051 A EP 95934051A EP 95934051 A EP95934051 A EP 95934051A EP 0788655 B1 EP0788655 B1 EP 0788655B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal halide
discharge lamp
lamp according
halide discharge
region
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EP95934051A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0788655A1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Dirks
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metal halide discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. It is based in particular on the German patent application P 43 27 534.6 and DE-GM 94 01 436.
  • Metal halide discharge lamps of this type are predominantly installed in optical reflectors or other optical imaging systems. Your area of application is, for example, projection or light guide technology for overhead, slide, cinema and video projection or endoscopy and boroscopy. Accordingly, very short arcs (a few millimeters) and maximum luminance (on average a few 10 kcd / cm 2 ) at color temperatures of more than 5000 K and good to very good color rendering (Ra> 85) are required. Typical power values are in the range between approx. 35 W and 600 W.
  • German patent application P 43 27 534.6 and DE-GM 94 01 436 there is one discloses such a lamp with a filling, in addition to mercury and an inert gas contains additional halogen compounds of the elements aluminum and indium.
  • the high ignition voltages required typically approx. 12 kV are disadvantageous.
  • the invention has for its object to eliminate the disadvantage mentioned and to create a metal halide discharge lamp that has a color temperature of more than 5000 K - with very good color rendering - and a relatively low ignition voltage has and realized this with as few filling components as possible.
  • the discharge vessel of the metal halide discharge lamp according to the invention additionally contains the element gallium (Ga) as a further metal for the formation of metal halides.
  • the filling amount per cm 3 of the container volume of the element Ga is typically up to 1 mg, in particular it is in the range between 0.02 mg and 1 mg, preferably between 0.03 mg and 0.2 mg.
  • the ignition voltage of the cold lamp decreases from typically 12 kV to below 8 kV.
  • the filling also contains the following additional components: at least one inert gas, for example argon (Ar) or xenon (Xe) as the ignition gas with a typical filling pressure in the range between approx. 10 kPa and 40 kPa, mercury for setting the desired burning voltage, typically in the range between 15 mg and 30 mg for burning voltages between 60 V and 90 V and one or more halogens, preferably iodine (I) and / or bromine (Br) to form metal halides.
  • at least one inert gas for example argon (Ar) or xenon (Xe) as the ignition gas with a typical filling pressure in the range between approx. 10 kPa and 40 kPa
  • mercury for setting the desired burning voltage, typically in the range between 15 mg and 30 mg for burning voltages between 60 V and 90 V
  • one or more halogens preferably iodine (I) and / or bromine (Br) to form metal halides.
  • DD-PS 254 270 discloses a short arc lamp, the complex filling of which essentially from the elements mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn), indium, sodium (Na), lithium (Li) and halogens. It is mentioned that In can be replaced completely or partially by Ga. This serves however, only to achieve good color rendering and a low color temperature (in the range between 2500 K and 4000 K). An influence of the Ga on the Ignition voltage, however, is not mentioned. In addition, this lamp is not suitable for the specified use in optical imaging systems because of the color temperature of the entire system is usually about 1000 K to 2000 K lower than that the lamp without optical system.
  • a gas discharge lamp that has high luminance at color temperatures in the range from 3000 K to 4600 K and color rendering indices over 90 is possible in DE-A 32 42 752.
  • the discharge vessel of the lamp contains argon as an inert gas as well as mercury, indium, sodium, lithium, aluminum, tin, iodine and thallium. Indium and tin can be wholly or partly equivalent to gallium or Aluminum to be replaced.
  • the lamp is particularly suitable for replacing Halogen light bulbs with color temperatures in the range of 3200 ⁇ 200 K. Due the low color temperature, however, is also not suitable for the beginning mentioned use, especially not for video projection.
  • the color temperature can be influenced by the proportions of the filling components Al, In and Ga.
  • color temperatures between 5000 K and 30000 K, in particular between 5000 K and 15000 K, preferably between 5000K and 11000 K, can be set. When operating the lamp with an optical reflector, this results in daylight-like or higher color temperatures.
  • Typical mass ratios for In to Al and Ga to Al are in the range between approx. 1.0 and 0.5 for low color temperatures and approx. 20 for high color temperatures.
  • the filling quantity per cm 3 of the discharge vessel volume of the element Al is typically in the range between 0.01 mg and 2 mg, preferably between 0.02 mg and 0.2 mg.
  • the filling amount of the In is typically in the range between 0.03 mg / cm 3 and 0.5 mg / cm 3 , preferably between 0.05 mg / cm 3 and 0.3 mg / cm 3 .
  • the filling amount of the Ga is typically in the range between 0.02 mg / cm 3 and 1 mg / cm 3 , preferably between 0.03 mg / cm 3 and 0.2 mg / cm 3 .
  • Quartz glass or a transparent ceramic material for example Al 2 O 3 is suitable as the material for the lamp bulb.
  • a discharge vessel which is closed on two sides and which is covered, for example, at one or both ends with a heat layer (for example ZrO 2 ) is particularly suitable for the lamp.
  • a heat layer for example ZrO 2
  • the homogeneity of the light and color distribution can be improved by matting at least a portion of the outer wall of the bulb.
  • two opposing electrodes are located inside the discharge vessel.
  • the electrodes are each connected to a power supply, which are led gas-tight to the outside.
  • the internal volume of the discharge vessel is less than approx. 3 cm 3 .
  • the electrode spacing is less than approximately 10 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 6 mm. Due to these compact dimensions, the lamp is well approximated to the ideal of a point light source and thus enables a high optical efficiency of the lamp-reflector system.
  • Typical power levels are between 150 W and 200 W.
  • the electrodes are located outside the discharge vessel, for example on the outer wall of the discharge vessel.
  • the advantage is that this prevents corrosion of the electrodes by the filling in any case.
  • highest power densities can be achieved in the discharge in this way.
  • the lamp is advantageously combined with a reflector to form a structural unit, as described in EP-A 459 786.
  • the lamp is mounted approximately axially in the reflector.
  • the reflector has a dichroic coating, for example.
  • a metal halide discharge lamp 1 with a power of 170 W and an ellipsoid-like discharge vessel 2 made of quartz glass, which is hermetically sealed at both ends with a pinch seal 3, is shown schematically.
  • the inner volume of the discharge vessel 2 is approximately 0.7 cm 3 .
  • the axially opposite electrodes 4 are 5 mm apart. They consist of an electrode shaft 5 made of tungsten, onto which a coil 6 made of tungsten is also pushed.
  • the shaft 5 is connected to external power supply lines 8 in the area of the pinch 3 via a film 7.
  • the lamp 1 is arranged approximately axially in a parabolic reflector 9, the arc that forms between the two electrodes 4 in operation in Focus of the paraboloid sits.
  • Part of the first pinch seal 3a is located directly in a central bore of the reflector 9 and is there in one with cement Socket 10 held.
  • the first power supply line 8a has a screw base contact 10a connected.
  • the second pinch seal 3b faces the reflector opening 11.
  • the second power supply line 8b is connected in the area of the opening 11 to a cable 12 which is electrically insulated through the wall of the reflector 9 and returned to a separate contact 10b.
  • the outer surfaces of the ends 13 of the discharge vessel 2 are coated with ZrO 2 for heat accumulation purposes.
  • the filling contains 18 mg Hg and 20 kPa Ar as the base gas. It also contains the discharge vessel 2 contains the metal halides listed in Table 1 below.
  • the ignition voltage could be reduced from approx. 12 kV to less than 8 kV.
  • the specific arc power and the operating voltage are approx. 34 W per mm arc length or approx. 70 V.
  • Table 2 shows the lighting values achieved.
  • Luminous efficacy 72 lm / W Color temperature 6800 K.
  • variant Al in mg Al in mg / cm 3 In / Al Ga / Al Ga / In T F in K Ra ⁇ in lm / W 1 0.15 0.21 1.3 0.67 0.52 5300 95 64 2nd 0.04 0.06 5.0 2.50 0.50 6800 94 72 3rd 0.02 0.03 10.0 5.00 0.50 7500 95 69
  • the color temperature T F can be influenced by a targeted choice of the proportions of the main components Al, In, Ga of the filling, in this case In / Al and Ga / Al.

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Metallhalogenid-Entladungslampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Sie geht insbesondere von der deutschen Patentanmeldung P 43 27 534.6 und dem DE-GM 94 01 436 aus.The invention relates to a metal halide discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. It is based in particular on the German patent application P 43 27 534.6 and DE-GM 94 01 436.

Metallhalogenid-Entladungslampen dieser Art werden vorwiegend in optischen Reflektoren oder sonstigen optisch abbildenden Systemen eingebaut. Ihr Einsatzgebiet ist beispielsweise die Projektions- oder Lichtleitertechnik u.a. für die Overhead-, Dia-, Kino- und Videoprojektion bzw. Endoskopie und Boroskopie. Dementsprechend sind sehr kurze Lichtbögen (wenige Millimeter) und höchste Leuchtdichten (im Mittel einige 10 kcd/cm2) bei Farbtemperaturen von mehr als 5000 K und guter bis sehr guter Farbwiedergabe (Ra > 85) erforderlich. Typisch Leistungswerte liegen im Bereich zwischen ca. 35 W und 600 W.Metal halide discharge lamps of this type are predominantly installed in optical reflectors or other optical imaging systems. Your area of application is, for example, projection or light guide technology for overhead, slide, cinema and video projection or endoscopy and boroscopy. Accordingly, very short arcs (a few millimeters) and maximum luminance (on average a few 10 kcd / cm 2 ) at color temperatures of more than 5000 K and good to very good color rendering (Ra> 85) are required. Typical power values are in the range between approx. 35 W and 600 W.

In der deutschen Patentanmeldung P 43 27 534.6 bzw. der DE-GM 94 01 436 ist eine derartige Lampe mit einer Füllung offenbart, die neben Quecksilber und einem Inertgas noch zusätzlich Halogenverbindungen der Elemente Aluminium und Indium enthält. Nachteilig sind die erforderlichen hohen Zündspannungen (typisch ca. 12 kV).In German patent application P 43 27 534.6 and DE-GM 94 01 436 there is one discloses such a lamp with a filling, in addition to mercury and an inert gas contains additional halogen compounds of the elements aluminum and indium. The high ignition voltages required (typically approx. 12 kV) are disadvantageous.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den genannten Nachteil zu beseitigen und eine Metallhalogenid-Entladungslampe zu schaffen, die eine Farbtemperatur von mehr als 5000 K - bei sehr guter Farbwiedergabe - sowie eine relativ niedrige Zündspannung aufweist und dies mit möglichst wenigen Füllungsbestandteilen realisiert.The invention has for its object to eliminate the disadvantage mentioned and to create a metal halide discharge lamp that has a color temperature of more than 5000 K - with very good color rendering - and a relatively low ignition voltage has and realized this with as few filling components as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen erläutert.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the claim 1 solved. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the subclaims explained.

Das Entladungsgefäß der erfindungsgemäßen Metallhalogenid-Entladungslampe enthält - außer den Metallen Aluminium (Al) und Indium (In) - zusätzlich das Element Gallium (Ga) als weiteres Metall zur Bildung von Metallhalogeniden. Die Füllmenge pro cm3 Geräßvolumen des Elements Ga beträgt typisch bis zu 1mg, insbesondere liegt sie im Bereich zwischen 0,02 mg und 1 mg , bevorzugt zwischen 0,03 mg und 0,2 mg. In Vorversuchen hatte es sich überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß durch Zusatz von Ga die Zündspannung der kalten Lampe von typisch 12 kV auf unter 8 kV abnimmt. Außerdem enthält die Füllung noch folgende weitere Bestandteile: mindestens ein Inertgas, beispielsweise Argon (Ar) oder Xenon (Xe) als Zündgas mit einem typischen Fülldruck im Bereich zwischen ca. 10 kPa und 40 kPa, Quecksilber zur Einstellung der gewünschten Brennspannung, typisch im Bereich zwischen 15 mg und 30 mg für Brennspannungen zwischen 60 V und 90 V sowie ein oder mehrere Halogene, vorzugsweise Jod (I) und/oder Brom (Br) zur Bildung von Metallhalogeniden.In addition to the metals aluminum (Al) and indium (In), the discharge vessel of the metal halide discharge lamp according to the invention additionally contains the element gallium (Ga) as a further metal for the formation of metal halides. The filling amount per cm 3 of the container volume of the element Ga is typically up to 1 mg, in particular it is in the range between 0.02 mg and 1 mg, preferably between 0.03 mg and 0.2 mg. In preliminary experiments, it had surprisingly been found that by adding Ga, the ignition voltage of the cold lamp decreases from typically 12 kV to below 8 kV. The filling also contains the following additional components: at least one inert gas, for example argon (Ar) or xenon (Xe) as the ignition gas with a typical filling pressure in the range between approx. 10 kPa and 40 kPa, mercury for setting the desired burning voltage, typically in the range between 15 mg and 30 mg for burning voltages between 60 V and 90 V and one or more halogens, preferably iodine (I) and / or bromine (Br) to form metal halides.

Ohne daß eine Festlegung auf irgendeine theoretische Erklärung beabsichtigt ist, werden gegenwärtig zwei Hauptgründe für das beobachtete Verhalten angenommen. Zum einen bildet Ga mit dem Halogen oder den Halogenen der Füllung, insbesondere mit Jod (I) Verbindungen mit geringerer Elektronenaffinität als dies bei Al und In der Fall ist. Zum anderen wurde eine geringere Bildung von Metallhalogenid- und Quecksilberkondensaten auf den Elektroden beobachtet. Die Kondensatbildung auf den Elektroden wird bei bisherigen Füllungssystemen der Kurzbogenlampen - im Unterschied zu Langbogenlampen - hauptsächlich für erhöhte Zündspannungen verantwortlich gemacht. Außer des verbesserten Zündverhaltens sowohl der kalten als auch der heißen Lampe kann eine verbesserte Reproduzierbarkeit des Bogenansatzes an den Elektrodenspitzen beobachtet werden. Möglicherweise trägt auch der im Vergleich zu InI mehr als 10-fach höhere Dampfdruck des GaI zur rascheren Ausbildung des Bogens bei. Das Zündverhalten ist im wesentlichen durch eine geeignete Stöchiometrie der Füllungsbestandteile Al, In und Ga beeinflußbar.Without intending to be bound by any theoretical explanation two main reasons for the observed behavior are currently assumed. To the one forms Ga with the halogen or the halogens of the filling, in particular with Iodine (I) compounds with lower electron affinity than Al and In is. Secondly, there was less formation of metal halide and mercury condensates observed on the electrodes. The condensation on the The difference is that electrodes are used in previous short-arc lamp filling systems to long-arc lamps - mainly responsible for increased ignition voltages made. In addition to the improved ignition behavior of both the cold and the hot lamp can improve the reproducibility of the arc approach the electrode tips are observed. Possibly also contributes in comparison to InI more than 10 times higher vapor pressure of the GaI for faster training of the bow. The ignition behavior is essentially due to a suitable stoichiometry of the filling components Al, In and Ga can be influenced.

In der DD-PS 254 270 ist eine Kurzbogenlampe offenbart, deren komplexe Füllung im wesentlichen aus den Elementen Quecksilber (Hg), Zink (Zn), Indium, Natrium (Na), Lithium (Li) sowie Halogenen zusammengesetzt ist. Zwar ist erwähnt, daß In moläquivalent vollständig oder teilweise durch Ga ersetzt werden kann. Dies dient allerdings nur zur Erzielung einer guten Farbwiedergabe und einer niedrigen Farbtemperatur (im Bereich zwischen 2500 K und 4000 K). Ein Einfluß des Ga auf die Zündspannung ist hingegen nicht erwähnt. Außerdem eignet sich diese Lampe nicht für den angegebenen Einsatz in optisch abbildenden Systemen, da die Farbtemperatur des gesamten Systems in der Regel um ca. 1000 K bis 2000 K niedriger liegt, als die der Lampe ohne optisches System.DD-PS 254 270 discloses a short arc lamp, the complex filling of which essentially from the elements mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn), indium, sodium (Na), lithium (Li) and halogens. It is mentioned that In can be replaced completely or partially by Ga. This serves however, only to achieve good color rendering and a low color temperature (in the range between 2500 K and 4000 K). An influence of the Ga on the Ignition voltage, however, is not mentioned. In addition, this lamp is not suitable for the specified use in optical imaging systems because of the color temperature of the entire system is usually about 1000 K to 2000 K lower than that the lamp without optical system.

Eine Gasentladungslampe, die hohe Leuchtdichten bei Farbtemperaturen im Bereich von 3000 K bis 4600 K und Farbwiedergabeindices über 90 ermöglicht ist in der DE-A 32 42 752 offenbart. Das Entladungsgefäß der Lampe enthält Argon als Inertgas sowie Quecksilber, Indium, Natrium, Lithium, Aluminium, Zinn, Jod und Thallium. Indium und Zinn können moläquivalent vollständig oder teilweise durch Gallium bzw. Aluminium ersetzt sein. Die Lampe eignet sich speziell zur Ablösung von Halogenglühlampen mit Farbtemperaturen im Bereich von 3200 ∓ 200 K. Aufgrund der niedrigen Farbtemperatur eignet sie sich hingegen ebenfalls nicht für den eingangs erwähnten Einsatzzweck, insbesondere auch nicht für die Videoprojektion.A gas discharge lamp that has high luminance at color temperatures in the range from 3000 K to 4600 K and color rendering indices over 90 is possible in DE-A 32 42 752. The discharge vessel of the lamp contains argon as an inert gas as well as mercury, indium, sodium, lithium, aluminum, tin, iodine and thallium. Indium and tin can be wholly or partly equivalent to gallium or Aluminum to be replaced. The lamp is particularly suitable for replacing Halogen light bulbs with color temperatures in the range of 3200 ∓ 200 K. Due the low color temperature, however, is also not suitable for the beginning mentioned use, especially not for video projection.

Die Farbtemperatur ist über die Mengenverhältnisse der Füllungsbestandteile Al, In und Ga beeinflußbar. Durch geeignete Wahl der Verhältnisse lassen sich Farbtemperaturen zwischen 5000 K und 30000 K, insbesondere zwischen 5000 K und 15000 K, bevorzugt zwischen 5000K und 11000 K einstellen. Beim Betrieb der Lampe mit einem optischen Reflektor resultieren daraus tageslichtähnliche oder höhere Farbtemperaturen. Typische Massenverhältnisse für In zu Al und Ga zu Al liegen im Bereich zwischen ca. 1,0 bzw. 0,5 für niedere Farbtemperaturen und ca. 20 für hohe Farbtemperaturen. Die Füllmenge pro cm3 Entladungsgefäßvolumen des Elements Al liegt typisch im Bereich zwischen 0,01 mg und 2 mg, bevorzugt zwischen 0,02 mg und 0,2 mg. Die Füllmenge des In liegt typisch im Bereich zwischen 0,03 mg/cm3 und 0,5 mg/cm3, bevorzugt zwischen 0,05 mg/cm3 und 0,3 mg/cm3. Die Füllmenge des Ga liegt typisch im Bereich zwischen 0,02mg/cm3 und 1 mg/cm3, bevorzugt zwischen 0,03 mg/cm3 und 0,2 mg/cm3.The color temperature can be influenced by the proportions of the filling components Al, In and Ga. By suitably selecting the ratios, color temperatures between 5000 K and 30000 K, in particular between 5000 K and 15000 K, preferably between 5000K and 11000 K, can be set. When operating the lamp with an optical reflector, this results in daylight-like or higher color temperatures. Typical mass ratios for In to Al and Ga to Al are in the range between approx. 1.0 and 0.5 for low color temperatures and approx. 20 for high color temperatures. The filling quantity per cm 3 of the discharge vessel volume of the element Al is typically in the range between 0.01 mg and 2 mg, preferably between 0.02 mg and 0.2 mg. The filling amount of the In is typically in the range between 0.03 mg / cm 3 and 0.5 mg / cm 3 , preferably between 0.05 mg / cm 3 and 0.3 mg / cm 3 . The filling amount of the Ga is typically in the range between 0.02 mg / cm 3 and 1 mg / cm 3 , preferably between 0.03 mg / cm 3 and 0.2 mg / cm 3 .

Als Material für den Lampenkolben eignet sich Quarzglas oder auch ein transparentes Keramikmaterial, beispielsweise Al2O3. Für die Lampe eignet sich insbesondere ein zweiseitig verschlossenes Entladungsgefäß, welches z.B. an einem oder an beiden Enden mit einer Wärmeschicht (beispielsweise ZrO2) bedeckt ist. Unter Umständen kann die Homogenität der Licht- und Farbverteilung, wie an sich bekannt (s. z.B. DE-GM 94 01 436), durch Mattierung mindestens eines Teilbereichs der Außenwandung des Kolbens verbessert werden. Quartz glass or a transparent ceramic material, for example Al 2 O 3, is suitable as the material for the lamp bulb. A discharge vessel which is closed on two sides and which is covered, for example, at one or both ends with a heat layer (for example ZrO 2 ) is particularly suitable for the lamp. Under certain circumstances, the homogeneity of the light and color distribution, as is known per se (see, for example, DE-GM 94 01 436), can be improved by matting at least a portion of the outer wall of the bulb.

In einer ersten Ausführung befinden sich zwei gegenüberstehende Elektroden innerhalb des Entladungsgefäßes. Die Elektroden sind jeweils mit einer Stromzuführung verbunden, die gasdicht nach außen geführt sind. Das innere Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes beträgt kleiner ca. 3 cm3. Der Elektrodenabstand beträgt kleiner ca. 10 mm, bevorzugt zwischen 2 mm und 6 mm. Durch diese kompakten Abmessungen ist die Lampe gut an das Ideal einer Punktlichtquelle angenähert und ermöglicht somit eine hohe optische Effizienz des Systems Lampe-Reflektor. Typische Leistungsstufen liegen im Bereich zwischen 150 W und 200 W.In a first embodiment, two opposing electrodes are located inside the discharge vessel. The electrodes are each connected to a power supply, which are led gas-tight to the outside. The internal volume of the discharge vessel is less than approx. 3 cm 3 . The electrode spacing is less than approximately 10 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 6 mm. Due to these compact dimensions, the lamp is well approximated to the ideal of a point light source and thus enables a high optical efficiency of the lamp-reflector system. Typical power levels are between 150 W and 200 W.

In einer Variante befinden sich die Elektroden außerhalb des Entladungsgefäßes, z.B. auf der Außenwandung des Entladungsgefäßes angeordnet. Der Vorteil ist, daß dadurch eine Korrosion der Elektroden durch die Füllung in jedem Fall verhindert wird. Auf diese Weise sind im Prinzip höchste Leistungsdichten in der Entladung realisierbar.
Vorteilhaft wird die Lampe mit einem Reflektor zu einer Baueinheit zusammengefügt, wie in der EP-A 459 786 beschrieben. Dabei ist die Lampe näherungsweise axial im Reflektor montiert. Der Reflektor ist z.B. dichroitisch beschichtet.In a variant, the electrodes are located outside the discharge vessel, for example on the outer wall of the discharge vessel. The advantage is that this prevents corrosion of the electrodes by the filling in any case. In principle, highest power densities can be achieved in the discharge in this way.
The lamp is advantageously combined with a reflector to form a structural unit, as described in EP-A 459 786. The lamp is mounted approximately axially in the reflector. The reflector has a dichroic coating, for example.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einiger Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt die

Figur
eine schematische Darstellung der Lampe mit Reflektor.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a few exemplary embodiments. It shows the
Figure
a schematic representation of the lamp with reflector.

In der Figur ist eine Metallhalogenid-Entladungslampe 1 mit einer Leistung von 170W und einem ellipsoidähnlichen Entladungsgefäß 2 aus Quarzglas, welches an seinen beiden Enden mit je einer Quetschdichtungen 3 hermetisch verschlossen ist, schematisch dargestellt. Das innere Volumen der Entladungsgefäßes 2 beträgt ca. 0,7 cm3. Die axial einander gegenüberstehenden Elektroden 4 haben einen Abstand von 5 mm. Sie bestehen aus einem Elektrodenschaft 5 aus Wolfram, auf den eine Wendel 6 ebenfalls aus Wolfram aufgeschoben ist. Der Schaft 5 ist im Bereich der Quetschung 3 über eine Folie 7 mit äußeren Stromzuführungen 8 verbunden.In the figure, a metal halide discharge lamp 1 with a power of 170 W and an ellipsoid-like discharge vessel 2 made of quartz glass, which is hermetically sealed at both ends with a pinch seal 3, is shown schematically. The inner volume of the discharge vessel 2 is approximately 0.7 cm 3 . The axially opposite electrodes 4 are 5 mm apart. They consist of an electrode shaft 5 made of tungsten, onto which a coil 6 made of tungsten is also pushed. The shaft 5 is connected to external power supply lines 8 in the area of the pinch 3 via a film 7.

Die Lampe 1 ist näherungsweise axial in einem parabolischen Reflektor 9 angeordnet, wobei der Bogen, der sich zwischen den beiden Elektroden 4 im Betrieb ausbildet, im Fokus des Paraboloids sitzt. Ein Teil der ersten Quetschdichtung 3a befindet sich direkt in einer zentralen Bohrung des Reflektors 9 und ist dort mittels Kitt in einem Sockel 10 gehaltert. Dabei ist die erste Stromzuführung 8a mit einem Schraubsockelkontakt 10a verbunden.The lamp 1 is arranged approximately axially in a parabolic reflector 9, the arc that forms between the two electrodes 4 in operation in Focus of the paraboloid sits. Part of the first pinch seal 3a is located directly in a central bore of the reflector 9 and is there in one with cement Socket 10 held. The first power supply line 8a has a screw base contact 10a connected.

Die zweite Quetschdichtung 3b ist der Reflektoröffnung 11 zugewandt. Die zweite Stromzuführung 8b ist im Bereich der Öffnung 11 mit einem Kabel 12 verbunden, das elektrisch isoliert durch die Wandung des Reflektors 9 zu einem separaten Kontakt 10b zurückgeführt ist. Die äußeren Oberflächen der Enden 13 des Entladungsgefäßes 2 sind mit ZrO2 zu Wärmestauzwecken beschichtet.The second pinch seal 3b faces the reflector opening 11. The second power supply line 8b is connected in the area of the opening 11 to a cable 12 which is electrically insulated through the wall of the reflector 9 and returned to a separate contact 10b. The outer surfaces of the ends 13 of the discharge vessel 2 are coated with ZrO 2 for heat accumulation purposes.

Die Füllung enthält 18 mg Hg und 20 kPa Ar als Grundgas. Darüber hinaus enthält das Entladungsgefäß 2 die in der folgenden Tabelle 1 aufgeführten Metallhalogenide. The filling contains 18 mg Hg and 20 kPa Ar as the base gas. It also contains the discharge vessel 2 contains the metal halides listed in Table 1 below.

Durch den Zusatz von Ga konnte die Zündspannung von ca. 12 kV auf weniger als 8 kV reduziert werden. Die spezifische Bogenleistung und die Brennspannung betragen ca. 34 W pro mm Bogenlänge bzw. ca. 70 V. Tabelle 2 zeigt die erzielten lichttechnischen Werte. Metallhalogenid-Komposition der Lampe. GaI 0,66 mg InI 0,2 mg AlI3 0,6 mg Mit der Füllung aus Tabelle 1 erzielte lichttechnische Werte. Lichtstrom 14400 lm Lichtausbeute 72 lm/W Farbtemperatur 6800 K Ra 94 R9 69 Lebensdauer > 1000 h By adding Ga, the ignition voltage could be reduced from approx. 12 kV to less than 8 kV. The specific arc power and the operating voltage are approx. 34 W per mm arc length or approx. 70 V. Table 2 shows the lighting values achieved. Metal halide composition of the lamp. GaI 0.66 mg InI 0.2 mg AlI 3 0.6 mg Light technical values achieved with the filling from Table 1. Luminous flux 14400 lm Luminous efficacy 72 lm / W Color temperature 6800 K. R a 94 R 9 69 lifespan > 1000 h

In der folgenden Tabelle 3 sind einige Füllungsvarianten mit den zugehörigen lichttechnischen Werten aufgeführt. Füllungsvarianten für die Lampe aus Figur 1 und die damit erzielten lichttechnischen Werte. Variante Al in mg Al in mg/cm3 In/Al Ga/Al Ga/In TF in K Ra η in lm/W 1 0,15 0,21 1,3 0,67 0,52 5300 95 64 2 0,04 0,06 5,0 2,50 0,50 6800 94 72 3 0,02 0,03 10,0 5,00 0,50 7500 95 69 The following table 3 lists some filling variants with the associated lighting values. Filling variants for the lamp from FIG. 1 and the lighting values achieved thereby. variant Al in mg Al in mg / cm 3 In / Al Ga / Al Ga / In T F in K Ra η in lm / W 1 0.15 0.21 1.3 0.67 0.52 5300 95 64 2nd 0.04 0.06 5.0 2.50 0.50 6800 94 72 3rd 0.02 0.03 10.0 5.00 0.50 7500 95 69

Deutlich ist zu erkennen, wie durch gezielte Wahl der Mengenverhältnisse der Hauptkomponenten Al, In, Ga der Füllung, in diesem Fall In/Al und Ga/Al die Farbtemperatur TF beeinflußbar ist.It can be clearly seen how the color temperature T F can be influenced by a targeted choice of the proportions of the main components Al, In, Ga of the filling, in this case In / Al and Ga / Al.

Claims (15)

  1. Metal halide discharge lamp for photooptical purposes, having a discharge vessel and having at least two electrodes, the discharge vessel containing for the purpose of generating light with a colour temperature of more than 5000 K an ionizable filling consisting of mercury, at least one inert gas, at least one halogen, aluminium (Al) and indium (In) as well as a further metal for forming metal halides, characterized in that the filling contains gallium (Ga) as the further metal.
  2. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the filled quantity of the gallium (Ga) is in the region of between 0.02 mg and 1 mg per cm3 of the vessel volume.
  3. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 2, characterized in that the filled quantity of the gallium (Ga) is in the region of between 0.03 mg and 0.2 mg per cm3 of the vessel volume.
  4. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the filled quantity of the aluminium (Al) is in the region of between 0.01 mg and 2 mg per cm3 of the vessel volume.
  5. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 4, characterized in that the filled quantity of the aluminium (Al) is in the region of between 0.02 mg and 0.2 mg per cm3 of the vessel volume.
  6. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the filled quantity of the indium (In) is in the region of between 0.03 mg and 0.5 mg per cm3 of the vessel volume.
  7. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 6, characterized in that the filled quantity of the indium (In) is between 0.05 mg and 0.3 mg per cm3 of the vessel volume.
  8. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio between indium (In) and aluminium (Al) is in the region of between 0.5 and 20.
  9. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio between gallium (Ga) and aluminium (Al) is in the region of between 0.1 and 10.
  10. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio between gallium (Ga) and indium (In) is in the region of between 0.1 and 5.
  11. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that as halogens for the halide compounds the discharge vessel contains iodine (I) and bromine (Br) in a mass ratio of between 0.5 and 10.
  12. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that two electrodes are situated opposite one another inside the discharge vessel, the electrode spacing being at most 10 mm.
  13. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 12, characterized in that the electrode spacing is between 1 mm and 6 mm.
  14. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes are arranged on the outer wall of the discharge vessel, it being optionally possible for an additional dielectric to be located between electrode and outer wall.
  15. Metal halide discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lamp forms a constructional unit with an optical reflector.
EP95934051A 1994-10-26 1995-10-10 Metal halide discharge lamp for photo-optical purposes Expired - Lifetime EP0788655B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE4438294 1994-10-26
DE4438294A DE4438294A1 (en) 1994-10-26 1994-10-26 Metal halide discharge lamp for photo-optical purposes
PCT/DE1995/001398 WO1996013851A1 (en) 1994-10-26 1995-10-10 Metal halide discharge lamp for photo-optical purposes

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EP0788655A1 EP0788655A1 (en) 1997-08-13
EP0788655B1 true EP0788655B1 (en) 1998-12-23

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JP (1) JPH10507868A (en)
KR (1) KR100351338B1 (en)
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DE10123926A1 (en) 2001-03-08 2002-09-19 Optomed Optomedical Systems Gmbh irradiation device
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US7847484B2 (en) * 2004-12-20 2010-12-07 General Electric Company Mercury-free and sodium-free compositions and radiation source incorporating same
US7486026B2 (en) * 2006-11-09 2009-02-03 General Electric Company Discharge lamp with high color temperature
CN103035473B (en) * 2011-09-30 2016-01-20 有研稀土新材料股份有限公司 A kind of Illuminant pill for Metal halogen lamp

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CA2201591C (en) 2002-03-05
CA2201591A1 (en) 1996-05-09
JPH10507868A (en) 1998-07-28
DE59504652D1 (en) 1999-02-04
DE4438294A1 (en) 1996-05-02
KR970707570A (en) 1997-12-01
CN1089942C (en) 2002-08-28
KR100351338B1 (en) 2002-11-18
CN1161757A (en) 1997-10-08
WO1996013851A1 (en) 1996-05-09
EP0788655A1 (en) 1997-08-13
US5798612A (en) 1998-08-25

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