EP0772215B1 - Isolating switch, in particular load break isolating switch assembly for medium voltage - Google Patents

Abstract

The disconnecting or insulating switch has support insulators (4). An insulating contact is arranged at each terminal of the insulator (4). The switch has a movable contact blade, a lag contact and a closed explosion chamber (10) with a movable switch pin. The chamber (10) is preferably filled with SF6 gas. The switch has a support insulator (4) with an integral explosion chamber (10) per terminal. The explosion chambers (10) are preferably disposed between the support insulators (3,4) of a terminal. The chamber (10) may be integrated in the support insulator at which the pivot point of the contact blade is disposed.

Description

The invention relates to a circuit breaker, in particular a medium-voltage switch disconnector with post insulators, on which there is a break contact per pole, with a movable disconnect knife, and with a closed, equipped with a movable switching pin, provided with a lag contact and in particular with SF ₆ gas filled extinguishing chamber.

From German patent 1 154 170 is a Such switch disconnector is known in which the Extinguishing chamber is located in a bypass path that only shortly after opening the main contact Current over the still temporarily in the on position remaining lagging contact through the arcing chamber leads until the one separating from the counter contact movable switch pin of the extinguishing chamber of the circuit interrupted and the resulting arc in the Extinguishing chamber is deleted.

The advantages of arranging the quenching chamber in one Branch flow can be seen in particular in that the Extinguishing chamber is not always live and because of build their short-term power supply relatively small can, with the result of a relatively light weight, which in turn is a good one due to the lightness Switching speed results.

Nevertheless, the known switch disconnectors are considerably liable Disadvantages. So this requires known Quenching chamber arrangement requires a relatively large amount of space and also requires the interruption of Switching sequences affecting the main and secondary current path a considerable structural and therefore prone to failure Construction.

The invention is based on the problem at the outset specified switch while maintaining the basic advantages of arranging a quenching chamber the switch structure in the bypass simplify, in particular to reduce its space requirements and improve its switching performance.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by that the quenching chamber and the lag contact is integrated, the quenching chamber being more preferred Embodiment between each of the post insulators Pols located. While so far the relevant The fire chambers switch separate units formed, which are often difficult to assemble could and the switch dimensions by their protruding Construction also the dimensions of the switch cell, in which they are to be installed, follows by the invention an extremely compact and space-saving construction paired with a very high Switching reliability and switching speed.

A particularly favorable construction not only in the sense requires little space, but also with regard to a optimal guidance of the auxiliary current path then results, if the arcing chamber in that post insulator is integrated, which is the main contact with the Knife fulcrum carries. This can be done in the following the branch flow path to be explained in more detail a comparatively short cable connection between the Delay contact and the extinguishing chamber in particular can be easily realized.

As already mentioned, the lagging contact ensures that short-term and temporary electricity on one Branch line flows as soon as the knife the main current path interrupts by opening the assigned isolating contact, until then the movable contact pin in the arcing chamber separates from the fixed contact and thus the switch-off process is completed.

To this temporary tributary path in particular simple way to ensure and the lagging contact to achieve the movement of the cutting knife to coordinate optimal switching sequences as cheaply as possible can, it has proven itself if the cutting knife one compared to this isolated and pivotable Posthumous pin carries.

To further reduce the size, if the cutting knife is divided lengthways and between the two Cutting knife halves a switching kinematics for the Extinguishing chamber is housed for a special ensures reliable and high switching speed. This Switching kinematics are preferably with the switching pin the extinguishing chamber and the cutting knife in operative connection, i.e. depending on the position of the Switching knife ensures the switching kinematics right time at which contact in the Extinguishing chamber interrupted and the spark extinguished should.

Works particularly reliably among the present ones Conditions a kinematics that a lever mechanism consists of an angle lever has proven that one end of the extinguishing chamber switch pin is articulated while its other end is mounted on a joint that is articulated Connection of the free end of one at a fixed point articulated lever with the free end of one of the Separating knife actuated trigger linkage forms. A such, stored between the cutting knife halves Kinematics doesn't just take care of you individual movements exactly on each other coordinated separation process, but also ensures a compact, space-saving construction and leads because the low weight for fast switching operations.

As already mentioned, the kinematics ensures that the movable switching pin of the extinguishing chamber itself firm mating contact exactly at the desired time triggers up to which via the kinematics the switching pin against the excess pressure in the quenching chamber of about 1/2 bar.

In order to fulfill this function, there are preferably two Versions of the kinematics provided, namely that Kinematics on the one hand with the extinguishing chamber switch pin connected angle lever mounted, pawl interacting with a fixed locking pin be provided, at the pivot point one on the jack Leg spring exerting latching forces is mounted, wherein a stop pin on the cutting knife for free Jack end located while in the second version a compression spring supported on the cutting knife with the angle lever connected to the extinguishing chamber switching pin is arranged. The way these two versions work is preferred in the description below Embodiments will be explained in more detail.

The secondary flow path, which temporarily carries the current is realized in that the lag contact electrically with the fixed contact in the arcing chamber is connected, preferably via a Cable, while the moving chamber contact electrically via the kinematics with the cutting knife pivot connected is.

Fig. 1

einen Lasttrennschalter in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2

den dreipoligen Lasttrennschalter gemäß Fig. 1 in Frontansicht;

Fig. 3a

eine bevorzugte Antriebskinematik mit Druckfeder im eingeschalteten Zustand;

Fig. 3b

die Antriebskinematik gemäß Fig. 3a in einer Zwischenstellung, in der das Trennmesser sich bereits vom Trennkontakt gelöst hat, während der Nacheilkontaktstift und der Löschkammerschaltstift noch in Kontakt mit dem jeweils zugehörigen Festkontakt sind, d.h. der Strom nun über eine Nebenstrombahn fließt;

Fig. 3c

die Kinematik gemäß den Fig. 3a und 3b im ausgeschalteten Zustand;

Fig. 4a

eine zweite Version der Antriebskinematik mit einer Auslöseklinke im eingeschalteten Zustand;

Fig. 4b

die Kinematik gemäß Fig. 4a in der Zwischenstellung gemäß Fig. 3b; und

Fig. 4c

die Kinematik gemäß den Fig. 4a und 4b im ausgeschalteten Zustand.

The accompanying drawings, in which preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown, are explained in more detail below. Show it:

Fig. 1

a switch disconnector in side view;

Fig. 2

the three-pole switch disconnector according to Figure 1 in front view.

Fig. 3a

a preferred drive kinematics with compression spring in the switched on state;

Fig. 3b

3a in an intermediate position, in which the disconnecting knife has already detached from the disconnecting contact, while the lagging contact pin and the arcing chamber switching pin are still in contact with the associated fixed contact, ie the current now flows via a secondary current path;

Fig. 3c

the kinematics according to Figures 3a and 3b in the switched-off state.

Fig. 4a

a second version of the drive kinematics with a release pawl when switched on;

Fig. 4b

the kinematics according to FIG. 4a in the intermediate position according to FIG. 3b; and

Fig. 4c

the kinematics according to FIGS. 4a and 4b in the switched-off state.

2 shows an embodiment of a switch unit shown as a medium-voltage switch-disconnector 1, at which shows the three poles A, B and C of Switch unit on a common base frame 2 are attached. In conjunction with Fig. 1, in which switched-off state of the switch 1 compared to the is shown in dash-dot lines clearly that each pole with two insulators 3 and 4 am Base frame 2 is attached, wherein in the shown The upper support insulator 3 in each exemplary embodiment the isolating contact supporter is while the lower support insulator 4 around the fulcrum contact support acts. Accordingly, the upper post insulator 3 carries the Connection or disconnect contact 5, while that of the lower Post insulator 4 worn contact piece designated 6 and has the fulcrum contact 7.

The connection between the contact pieces 5 and 6 is by a pivotable about the pivot contact 7 Cutting knife 8 reached, as can be seen in Fig. 2, is divided in the longitudinal direction. On the outside, one of the a lagging contact in the two cutting knife halves a Nacheilschaltstiftes 9, the opposite Cutting knife 8 is isolated and pivotable this is stored. The function of this trailing pen will be described in more detail below.

To the case of the final interruption of the circuit emerging sparks quickly and without impact to erase the environment, each pole is A, B and C with an extinguishing chamber 10, which in the Pivotal contact isolator 4 is integrated, namely such that they are on the isolating contact insulator 3 facing side of the pivot contact insulator 4, which makes it particularly compact and space-saving Arrangement is achieved, as can also be seen from FIG. 2, because every extinguishing chamber lies within the area the essentially by the distance of the Post insulators defined base frame 2.

The movable switching pin 11 protrudes on the cutting knife 8 facing side from the arcing chamber 10 and acts with a fixed contact 11a in the arcing chamber 10 in in connection with the explanation of the auxiliary current path 12 still to be explained together. Opposite the The outside atmosphere is under an overpressure of im concrete example about 1/2 bar inside the Extinguishing chamber 10 only for reasons of clarity Sealed membrane 11b shown in Fig. 1, the Movements of the switching pin 11 as well as that with the Blowing the spark gap when separating the contacts 11, Piston plate 11c provided with holes follows.

Is via a so-called actuation isolator 13 each separating knife 8 or the two are each Knife halves belonging to a knife can be seen in FIG. 1 Drive with one for the three Poles A, B and C common drive shaft 14 connected. As can further be seen from FIG. 2, the Actuator isolators in flight between the Cutting knife halves 8.

The desired movement coordination between the cutting knife 8, lag pin 9 and movable quenching chamber switching pin 11 is achieved by a switching kinematics 15, 3a to c and 4a to c is explained.

3a to c show a first variant of a Kinematics version, for reasons of clarity those not absolutely necessary for the explanation Parts of the disconnector 1 omitted or are shown in simplified form. This kinematics 15 exists essentially from an angle lever 16 as Transmission lever, with one end 16a on Extinguishing chamber switching pin 11 is articulated. His other End is mounted on a hinge point 16b, the one articulated connection of the free end of one Cutting knife 8 actuated trigger linkage 17 with the free end of an articulated at a fixed point 18a Articulated lever 18 forms.

At the junction between the kinematics 15 and the separating knife 8 is a on the trigger linkage 17 Sequence, i.e. the different movements controlling freewheel provided, which in preferred Embodiment consists of an elongated hole 19 through which a stop pin 20 attached to the cutting knife 8 protrudes. To up to one defined below Time the movable switching pin of the extinguishing chamber 10th against the overpressure in the quenching chamber in The angle lever 16 bears the switch-on position a compression spring 21, which is on the one hand on the angle lever and on the other hand is supported on the cutting knife 8. The effect this kinematics 15, previously explained in its structure is the following:

Fig. 3a shows the kinematics 15 in the normal, switched on Status. If there is a switch-off process, then the cutting knife 8 by turning the left Drive shaft 14 via the actuation insulator 13 counterclockwise first in the in Fig. 3b Intermediate position shown pivoted in the how 3b, the trailing pin 9 as well the kinematics 15 in that shown in Fig. 3a Position remain. The main current path is now through pulling the knife 8 from the isolating contact 5 interrupted while the current is now over the Secondary flow path 12 flows, i.e. from the top Terminal contact 5 on the lag pin 9 on a cable 9a and an electrical connection between this and the fixed contact of the arcing chamber 11a, via the movable erase chamber switch pin 11 and with the Cutting knife 8 electrically connected kinematics 15 for Pivotal contact 7 of the lower contact piece 6.

At this time, the compression spring 21 has already somewhat relaxed, but still seems so strong the movable switching pin 11 that this is does not release from the fixed contact 11a in the arcing chamber 10. Now the stop pin 20 is in the slot 19 to the left boundary edge of the slot reaches and acts in the sense of pivoting the kinematics 15 also counterclockwise on the Trigger linkage 17, the angle lever 16 also pivoted counterclockwise. Only with this one further movement of the cutting knife 8 and now also the kinematics 15 relaxes counterclockwise the compression spring 21 so far that it in the Extinguishing chamber 10 no longer prevail overpressure can withstand and therefore the mobile Switch pin 11 releases from the fixed counter contact 11a, and shortly before the trailing pin 9 from the isolating contact 5 is separated.

Through the contact breaking movement of the movable Switch pin 11 becomes the piston plate connected to it 11c moved to the left, causing pressure in the left part inside of the arcing chamber 10 is increased, which is due to of the bores in the piston plate 11c a gas flow unfolding in the direction on when disconnecting contacts 11 and 11a and so Interruption of the current flow arcing leads.

Shortly after the contacts 11 and 11a are disconnected now de-energized lag pin 9 from terminal 5 solved and in the parallel position shown in Fig. 3c brought to the cutting knife 8. Figure 3c also the relative position of the rod parts 16, 17 and 18 the kinematics 15 in the switched-off state remove.

4a to c show a preferred variant for the training of the kinematics 15, which differs from that previously in connection with FIGS. 3a to c in their structure explained kinematics only with respect to the Counteracting the internal pressure of the extinguishing chamber 10 Execution differs. So it has Kinematics 15 a pawl 22, preferably in the knee of the angle lever 16 is pivotally mounted and of a leg spring 23, the one hand on Angle lever 16 and on the other hand on the pawl 22nd supports, is held in the locked position in which it with a hook-shaped end behind one Fixed point (pin) 24 engages and thereby indirectly, namely over the angle lever 16, the overpressure Extinguishing chamber compensated as a back pressure component. The Cutting knife 8 carries one in the desired angular position of the cutting knife 8 on the free end of the Pawl 22 acting trigger stop 25.

The movement of the relevant individual parts as well as the Switching or separation sequence of the conductive parts corresponds essentially those of the previously related to the 3a to 3c explained, so that only the following differences resulting from the "jack version" explained during the switch-off process.

4a again shows the switch-on position of the kinematics 15, while Fig. 4b already from contact 5 pulled cutting knife 8 in the counterclockwise direction pivoted position shows at what time the explained action of the stop pin 20 on the Kinematics take place. Right now is the Trailing pin 9 again with contact 5 in electrical connection, so that now the current flows along the previously explained bypass flow until with further pivoting of the cutting knife 8 in Counterclockwise with the stop pin 20 on the left edge of the elongated hole 19 is in turn opposite clockwise movement of the kinematics 15 is initiated, at what time finally via the trigger stop 25 a relative pivoting of the Jack 22 - counterclockwise - takes place thereby detaching from the locking point 24 and thus the Internal pressure of the extinguishing chamber 10 counteracting force cancels so that their switching pin 11 from Counter contact 11a can solve, causing the current flow is interrupted. Shortly thereafter, the Trailing pin 9 in the parallel position to the cutting knife 8, as shown in Fig. 4c.

For both variants, the switch-on process in simply by pivoting the cutting knife 8 in Clockwise to its on position on Isolating contact 5 can take place. With this swivel movement causes the cutting knife 8 by the previously in detail also explained the mechanical connections Return of the remaining switch parts to the starting position (switched on state) according to FIGS. 1, 3a and 4a.

Claims (17)

1. Isolating switch, in particular a medium-voltage load-break isolating switch having support insulators (4) on which one isolating contact is located for each pole, having a moving isolating blade (8) and having a arcing chamber (10) which is equipped with a moving contact pin (11) is enclosed, is provided with a lagging contact (9) and is filled, in particular, with SF₆ gas, characterized in that the arcing chamber (10) and the lagging contact (9) are integrated in one of the support insulators (4) for each pole.
2. Isolating switch according to Claim 1, characterized in that the arcing chamber (10) is in each case located between the support insulators (3, 4) of one pole.
3. Isolating switch according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the arcing chamber (10) is integrated in that support insulator (4) on which the isolating blade fulcrum (7) is located.
4. Isolating switch according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by a lagging contact pin (9) which is fitted to the isolating blade (8), but is insulated from it, and can pivot.
5. Isolating switch according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized by a longitudinally subdivided isolating blade (8) and a switching kinematic system (15), arranged between the two isolating blade halves, for the arcing chamber (10).
6. Isolating switch according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the switching kinematic system (15) is operatively connected to the contact pin (11) of the arcing chamber (10) and to the isolating blade (8).
7. Isolating switch according to Claim 6, characterized in that the switching kinematic system (15) consists of a lever mechanism.
8. Isolating switch according to Claim 7, characterized by an angled lever (16), which is hinged at one end (16a) on the arcing chamber contact pin (11), while its other end is mounted on a joint point (16b) which forms an articulated connection for the free end of a joint lever (18), which is hinged at a fixed point (18a), to the free end of a tripping linkage (17) which is operated by the isolating blade (8).
9. Isolating switch according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized by a free-movement mechanism at the connection point between the kinematic system (15) and the isolating blade (8) .
10. Isolating switch according to Claim 9, characterized in that the free-movement mechanism consists of an elongated hole (19) at the free end of the tripping linkage (17), through which a pin (20) which is attached to the isolating blade (8) projects.
11. Isolating switch according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized by an actuating force which counteracts the arcing chamber overpressure.
12. Isolating switch according to Claim 11, characterized by a spring (21; 23) which acts on the angled lever (16) that is connected to the arcing chamber contact pin (11).
13. Isolating switch according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized by a catch (22) which is mounted on the angled lever (16), interacts with a fixed latching pin (24) and at whose fulcrum a spring clip (23) is mounted and exerts latching-in forces on the catch (22).
14. Isolating switch according to Claim 13, characterized by a stop pin (25) for the free catch end on the isolating blade (8).
15. Isolating switch according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized by a compression spring (21), which is supported on the isolating blade (8), on the angled lever (16) which is connected to the arcing chamber contact pin.
16. Isolating switch according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the lagging contact (9) is electrically connected to the stationary contact (11a) in the arcing chamber (10).
17. Isolating switch according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the moving arcing chamber contact pin (11) is electrically connected via the kinematic system (15) to the isolating blade fulcrum contact (7).

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