Classifications

• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

• the present invention is concerned with substituted azolone derivatives which are potent an ⁇ -Helicobacter agents.
• US-4,791,111 discloses azolones having a structure similar to that of the present compounds and which are intermediates in the preparation of [[4-[4-(4-phenyl- 1 -piperazinyl)phenoxymethyl]- 1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]- l/ -imidazoles and -lH-l,2,4-triazoles.
• dual therapies comprising the separate administration of two antibiotic drugs have not been satisfactory because of one or more of the following reasons: a low eradication rate, numerous side effects and development of resistance by Helicobacter.
• Triple therapies comprising the administration of two antibiotics and a bismuth compound have been shown to be effective, but are very demanding for the patients and are also compromised by side effects.
• the present compounds show the disadvantage that they may be used in a monotherapy in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and related species.
• the present invention is concerned with compounds having the formula
• Y is CH or N
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently are hydrogen or C j ⁇ alkyl
• R 4 and R 5 each independently are hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ -4alkyl, C alkyloxy, hydroxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethyloxy or difluoromethyloxy;
• R 6 is C ⁇ -4alkyl; Ci ⁇ alkyl substituted with arylcyclohexyl; aryl or arylcarbonyl; wherein aryl is phenyl optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from halo and
• halo defines fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo
• C ⁇ -4alkyl defines straight and branched chain saturated hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl and 1,1-dimethylethyl.
• Ci-6alkyl defines C ⁇ -4alkyl radicals as defined hereinbefore and the higher homologs thereof having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms such as, for example, pentyl and hexyl.
• pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt as used hereinbefore defines the non- toxic, therapeutically active addition salt forms which the compounds of formula (I) may form.
• the compounds of formula (I) having basic properties may be converted into the corresponding therapeutically active, non-toxic acid addition salt forms by treating the free base form with a suitable amount of an appropriate acid following conventional procedures.
• Appropriate acids comprise, for example, inorganic acids such as hydrohalic acids, e.g.
• hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid sulfuric ; nitric ; phosphoric and the like acids; or organic acids such as, for example, acetic, propanoic, hydroxyacetic, lactic, pyruvic, oxalic, malonic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, malic, tartaric, citric, methane- sulfonic, ethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, cyclamic, salicylic, p-aminosalicylic, pamoic and the like acids.
• the term addition salt as used hereinabove also comprises the solvates which the compounds of formula (I) as well as the salts thereof, are able to form. Such solvates are for example hydrates, alcoholates and the like.
• stereochemically isomeric forms as used hereinbefore defines the different isomeric as well as conformational forms which the compounds of formula (I) may possess.
• chemical designation of compounds denotes the mixture of all possible stereochemically and conformationally isomeric forms, said mixtures containing all diastereomers, enantiomers and/or conformers of the basic molecular structure.
• All stereochemically isomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I) both in pure form or in admixture with each other are intended to be embraced within the scope of the present invention.
• each chiral center may be indicated by the stereochemical descriptors R and S.
• the relative stereodescriptors R* and S* are used in accordance with the Chemical Abstracts rules (Chemical Substance Name Selection Manual (CA), 1982 Edition, Vol. m, Chapter 20).
• the compounds of the present invention may exist in different tautomeric forms and all such tautomeric forms are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
• a first group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R 4 is halo and R 5 is hydrogen.
• a second group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein ( ]) — s a radical of formula (a-1) or (a-2).
• a third group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein Y is N and R 1 is hydrogen.
• a fourth group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R 2 is Ci-4alkyl and R 3 is hydrogen.
• a fifth group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R 6 is C ⁇ _4alkyl, phenyl, halophenyl or dihalophenylcarbonyl.
• Preferred compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R 1 , R 3 and R 5 are hydrogen; R 2 is Ci ⁇ alkyl; R 4 is halo; and Y is N.
• More preferred compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R 1 , R 3 and R 5 are hydrogen; R 2 is ethyl; R 4 is halo; Y is N; R 6 is C ⁇ _4alkyl, phenyl, halophenyl or dihalophenylcarbonyl; and — (f A ]) — is a radical of formula (a-1) or (a-2).
• the most preferred compounds are 4-[5-[2-[l-(4-chlorobenzoyl)propyl]-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-4//-l,2,4-triazol-4-yl]-2- pyridinyl]-N-phenyl- 1 -pipera-rinecarboxamide hemihydrate; V-[[4-[4-[2-[l-(4-chlorobenzoyl)propyl]-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-4H-l,2,4-triazol-4- yl]phenyl]-l-piperazinyl]thioxomethyl]-2,6-difluorobenzamide; 4-[4-[2-[l-(4-chlorobenzoyl)propyl]-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-4 -l,2,4-rriazol-4-yl]phenyl]- N-ethyl- 1 -piperazine
• the compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by the addition of an amine intermediate of formula (H to an isocyanate or isothiocyanate of formula (HI), in a reaction-inert solvent, e.g. dichloromethane, optionally in the presence of a base, such as an alkali metal or earth alkaline metal carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, e.g. sodium or potassium carbonate.
• a reaction-inert solvent e.g. dichloromethane
• a base such as an alkali metal or earth alkaline metal carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, e.g. sodium or potassium carbonate.
• the compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by N-alkylating an intermediate of formula (V) with a reagent of formula (VI) in an appropriate solvent and in the presence of a suitable base.
• the compounds of formula (I) can also be converted into each other following art-known procedures of functional group transformation.
• said reduction can conveniently be conducted by reaction with a metal hydride or complex metal hydride, e.g. sodium borohydride, sodium cyanoboro- hydride and the like in water, 1-methyl-pyrrolidinone, acetonitrile, an alcoholic medium, e.g. methanol, ethanol, or an ether, e.g. tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane; or in a mixture of such solvents.
• a metal hydride or complex metal hydride e.g. sodium borohydride, sodium cyanoboro- hydride and the like in water, 1-methyl-pyrrolidinone, acetonitrile, an alcoholic medium, e.g. methanol, ethanol, or an ether, e.g. tetrahydrofuran, 1,4
• said reduction can be conducted by reaction with tris(l-methylethoxy)- potassium hydroborate, tris(l-methylpropyl)sodium hydroborate or rris(l-methyl- propyl)potassium hydroborate in a reaction-inert solvent, e.g. tetrahydrofuran or N ⁇ V-dimethylformamide.
• a reaction-inert solvent e.g. tetrahydrofuran or N ⁇ V-dimethylformamide.
• pure isomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I) can be separated from the mixture by conventional separation methods.
• the enantiomers may be separated by column chromatography using a chiral stationary phase such as a suitably derivatized cellulose, for example, tri(dimethylcarbamoyl)cellulose (Chiralcel OD®) and similar chiral stationary phases.
• reaction products may be isolated from the reaction mixture and, if necessaryry, further purified according to methodologies generally known in the art.
• the intermediates of formula (II) may be prepared by the reaction of a compound of formula (TV) with an acid, e.g. hydrobromic acid and the like.
• the intermediates of formula (V) may be prepared following the procedures as described hereinabove for the preparation of the compounds of formula (I) from the intermediates of formula (II).
• the compounds of formula (I), the pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof display useful pharmacological activity against Helicobacter species; e.g. Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter mustelae, Helicobacter felis and the like, in particular Helicobacter pylori.
• Campylobacter fetus Campylobacter sputorum, Vibrio spp., Staphylococcus aureus and
• Escherichia coli tested at concentrations up to 10 "5 M.
• An important asset of the present compounds is their sustained activity against H. pylori at pH below the neutral pH. Activity at a low pH in vitro may indicate that a compound is not adversely affected by the acidic environment of the stomach in vivo.
• the subject compounds are considered to be valuable therapeutical drugs for treating warm-blooded animals, particularly humans, suffering from Helicobacter related diseases or afflictions.
• diseases or afflictions are gastritis, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers and gastric cancer.
• the subject compounds may be formulated into various pharmaceutical forms for administration purposes.
• an effective amount of the particular compound, in base or addition salt form, as the active ingredient is combined in intimate admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, which may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration.
• These pharmaceutical compositions are desirably in unitary dosage form suitable, preferably, for administration orally, rectally, or by parenteral injection.
• any of the usual pharmaceutical media may be employed, such as, for example, water, glycols, oils, alcohols and the like in the case of oral liquid preparations such as suspensions, syrups, elixirs and solutions: or solid carriers such as starches, sugars, kaolin, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like in the case of powders, pills, capsules and tablets.
• the carrier will usually comprise sterile water, at least in large part, though other ingredients, for example, to aid solubility, may be included.
• injectable solutions for example, may be prepared in which the carrier comprises saline solution, glucose solution or a mixture of saline and glucose solution.
• Injectable suspensions may also be prepared in which case appropriate liquid carriers, suspending agents and the like may be employed.
• those compounds of formula (I) which display low solubility may be formulated as a salt form, or a co-solvent may be added which is water-miscible and physiologically acceptable, e.g. dimethylsulfoxide and the like, or the compounds of formula (I) may be solubilized with a suitable carrier, e.g.
• cyclodextrin or in particular a cyclodextrin derivative such as the cyclodextrin derivates described in US-3,459,731, EP-A-149,197 (July 24, 1985), EP-A-197,571 (October 15, 1986), US-4,535,152 or WO 90/12035 (October 18, 1990).
• cyclodextrin derivatives are ⁇ , ⁇ -, ⁇ -cyclodextrins or ethers and mixed ethers thereof wherein one or more of the hydroxy groups of the anhydroglucose units of the cyclodextrin are substituted with C ⁇ _6alkyl, particularly methyl, ethyl or isopropyl; hydroxy C ⁇ _6alkyl, particularly hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl or hydroxybutyl; carboxyC ⁇ _6alkyl, particularly carboxymethyl or carboxyethyl; Ci-galkyl-carbonyl, particularly acetyl; Ci_6alkyloxycarbonylCi_6alkyl or carboxyC ⁇ -6alkyl-oxyC ⁇ _6alkyl, particularly carboxymethoxypropyl or carboxyethoxypropyl; Ci-6alkylcarbonyloxyC ⁇ _6alkyl, particularly 2-acetyloxypropyl.
• complexants and/or solubilizers are ⁇ -CD, 2,6-dimethyl- ⁇ -CD, 2-hydroxyethyl- ⁇ -CD, 2-hydroxyethyl- ⁇ -CD, 2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -CD and (2-carboxy- methoxy)propyl- ⁇ -CD, and in particular 2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -CD.
• mixed ether denotes cyclodextrin derivatives wherein at least two cyclodextrin hydroxy groups are etherified with different groups such as, for example, hydroxypropyl and hydroxyethyl.
• the average molar substitution is used as a measure of the average number of moles of alkoxy units per mole of anhydroglucose.
• the M.S. value can be determined by various analytical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) and infrared spectroscopy (DR.). Depending on the technique used, slightly different values may be obtained for one given cyclodextrin derivative.
• NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
• MS mass spectrometry
• DR. infrared spectroscopy
• slightly different values may be obtained for one given cyclodextrin derivative.
• the M.S. as determined by mass spectrometry is in the range of 0.125 to 10, in particular of 0.3 to 3, or from 0.3 to 1.5.
• D.S. refers to the average number of substituted hydroxyls per anhydroglucose unit.
• the D.S. value can be determined by various analytical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) and infrared spectroscopy (IR). Depending on the technique used, slightly different values may be obtained for one given cyclodextrin derivative. In the cyclodextrin derivatives for use in the compositions according to the present invention the D.S.
• D.S. as determined by MS is in the range of 0.125 to 3, in particular of 0.2 to 2 or from 0.2 to 1.5.
• the D.S. ranges from about 0.2 to about 0.7, in particular from about 0.35 to about 0.5 and most particularly is about 0.4.
• D.S. values determined by NMR or IR preferably range from 0.3 to 1, in particular from 0.55 to 0.75.
• ⁇ - and ⁇ -cyclodextrin hydroxyalkyl derivatives for use in the compositions according to the present invention are partially substituted cyclodextrin derivatives wherein the average degree of alkylation at hydroxyl groups of different positions of the anhydroglucose units is about 0% to 20% for the 3 position, 2% to 70% for the 2 position and about 5% to 90% for the 6 position.
• the amount of unsubstituted ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin is less than 5% of the total cyclodextrin content and in particular is less than 1.5%.
• Another particularly interesting cyclodextrin derivative is randomly methylated ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
• cyclodextrin derivatives for use in the present invention are those partially substituted ⁇ -cyclodextrin ethers or mixed ethers having hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl and in particular 2-hydroxypropyl and/or 2- (1 -hydroxypropyl) substituents.
• cyclodextrin derivative for use in the compositions of the present invention is hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin having a M.S. in the range of from 0.35 to
• M.S. values determined by NMR or IR preferably range from 0.55 to 0.75.
• Dosage unit form as used in the specification and claims herein refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active ingredient calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. Examples of such dosage unit forms are tablets
• the present invention provides a method of treating warm-blooded animals, in particular humans, suffering from Helicobacter related diseases, said method comprising the systemic administration of a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt thereof or a stereochemically isomeric form thereof, in admixture with a pharmaceutical carrier.
• the subjects compounds are administered for use as a medicine.
• an effective daily amount would be from 0.05 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg body weight, preferably from 0.1 mg/kg to 30 mg/kg body weight and more preferably form 0.5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg body weight.
• said effective daily amount may be lowered or increased depending on the response of the treated subject and/or depending on the evaluation of the physician prescribing the compounds of the instant invention.
• the effective ranges mentioned hereinabove are therefore guidelines only and are not intended to limit the scope or use of the invention to any extent.
• Suitable compounds for a combination therapy are bismuth compounds, e.g. bismuth subcitrate, bismuth subsalicylate, and the like, antibiotics, e.g. ampicillin, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and the like, ⁇ -receptor antagonists, e.g. cimetidine, ranitidine and the like, and in particular, proton pump inhibitors, e.g. omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole and the like.
• an effective daily amount would be from 0.05 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg body weight.
• a sample (3.5 g) of the residue (total 18 g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent : CH2Cl2/(CH3 ⁇ H/ H3) 99/1). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated. The residue was dissolved in 2-propanol and converted into the hydrochloric acid salt (1:1) in 2-propanol. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with 2-propanol and dried at 150°C. The product was dissolved in 2- propanol. Pyridine was added dropwise until all the product was dissolved and crystallized out.
• DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
• Example 3 Activity of test compounds versus Helicobacter
• test compounds against Helicobacter pylori was determined against a standard set of 5 H. pylori strains obtained from clinical material.
• Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by measuring the activity of H. pylori urease after treatment of growing cultures of the bacteria with the antimicrobial agents.
• test compounds were dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 10" 3 M. A dilution to 10 " M in DMSO was also prepared. 10 ⁇ l volumes of these solutions were pipetted in the wells of Repli-Dishes (®Sterilin). Wells containing DMSO alone were included as controls in each Repli-Dish.
• Ampicillin (+)-6-[(2-amino-2-phenylacetyl)amino]- 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-l-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid.trihydrate) and metronidazole (2-methyl-5-nitro-lH-imidazol-l-ethanol) were included as reference compounds in each batch of tests. (These compounds were tested at final concentrations of 10" 5 , 10" 6 , lO" 7 and 10 "8 M). Test plates were stored at 4°C until used. The five isolates of/ , pylori were maintained by subculture on 10% blood agar every 2 or 3 days.
• the bacteria were grown at 37°C under an atmosphere containing 5% oxygen, 10% CO2 and 85% nitrogen.
• Suspensions of Helicobacter pylori for inoculum were prepared in Brain-heart infusion broth and adjusted to an absorbance of 1.5 ⁇ 0.3 at 530 nM.
• Freshly prepared 10% blood agar held at 45°C was added in 1 ml volumes to the wells of the test plates, thus diluting the test compounds to 10 "5 and 10" 6 M.
• the medium was allowed to cool, then 10 ⁇ l volumes of bacterial suspension were pipetted on the agar surface.
• the plates were incubated for 48 hours at 37°C under the microaerophilic atmosphere described above. To facilitate reading of the plates and to ensure that any growth on the media was truly H. pylori, advantage was taken of the highly potent urea activity unique to this species. After the 48 hours of incubation, 1 ml volumes of urease broth were gently added to each Repli-Dish well and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 2 hours.
• Active ingredient (A.I.) as used throughout these examples relates to a compound of formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt or a stereochemically isomeric form thereof.
• Example 4 ORAL DROPS

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• 1995
  • 1995-07-05 EP EP95926391A patent/EP0770072A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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