EP0769085B1 - Nozzle arrangement and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/CH95/00152 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 6, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 6, 1996 PCT Filed Jul. 4, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/01343 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 18, 1996With one or several pressure streams projected at an acute angle ( alpha ) in relation to the surface to be processed, shearing forces can be reached that are high enough to move solid particles and/or fluid media and thus make it easier to suck them away. The recognition of this fact is used in a delivery/suction nozzle arrangement together with the per se known Coanda effect. The invention may be used with all fluid media, preferably for cleaning practicable and passage surfaces; also for drying and/or degassing surfaces, as well as for industrial processes, in particular substance separation processes.

Description

The present invention relates to a nozzle arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.

To known nozzles for picking up and removing particles such as sand, dust packaging and insulating material or of fluids (flowable media) such as gases, real liquids or powdery substances etc., are usually connected to compressors, which are a transport medium accelerate. Appropriate suction processes require high suction power to generate the necessary tensile forces, usually cause a lot of noise and promote it Transport goods also with a considerable excess of energy to the destination.

As a result, dust particles are removed by filters conveyed through, so that a cleaning process in in practice, often only in a physical separation from larger ones and smaller particles results; through the filters urgent dust is only rearranged.

A nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1 is known (US -A- 4,018,483). A pressure flow over a wide nozzle gap deflected onto a work surface so that from this waste, dust, grass, water etc. can be lifted. Through one, also in the nozzle gap, on the pressure pipe opposite end of the intake manifold, the Parts collected. There is one above the nozzle gap Area which merges into the suction pipe and which is a Coanda effect assigned. With tear-off edges and others A targeted turbulence of the flow in the gap becomes the means achieved, which facilitates the inclusion of the parts.

This nozzle points due to corner deflections of the flow high energy losses; the flow also experiences in wide nozzle gap a weakening and a further deflection. The Coanda effect is only partial and only in the suction area utilized.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device to create the disadvantage of the known not having.

The required compressor capacity should be compared to the known Suction arrangements are smaller and also optimally used will; the transport fluid must be light on the respective task, i.e. to those to be transported Particles and / or similar or different types of other fluid, even under changing operating conditions, be customizable during use.

The task at hand is achieved by the nozzle arrangement solved the feature of claim 1.

According to the invention, the guidance of the Transport medium using the fluid mechanics itself known Coanda effect.

A major advantage of this solution is that the shear forces generated by the guided pressure flow the particles to be absorbed and / or other fluids freed from their base and set in motion, so making them lighter then means less energy and at lower speeds can.

The suction flow is expediently quantitative greater than the pressure flow.

The release agents listed by way of example in claim 1 are by no means to be considered conclusively; you can by other process engineering means known per se and chemical / physical processes such as ion exchangers, Cold traps etc. are supplemented or replaced.

The following dependent claims are advantageous Developments of the subject matter of the invention are described.

The demolition part according to claim 2 is used for targeted vortex formation and beam steering and is advantageously additional provided for a tear-off edge.

According to claim 3, a pulsator in the area of the nozzle gap be attached, the elastic or articulated is. This pulsator detaches the Coanda flow serving, impulsive turbulence in the work area. This creates transient processes in a targeted manner, which a corresponding, complex control of the pressure flow replace.

The further developed arrangement according to claim 4 allows one Adaptation of the currents to the working conditions and the media to be transported. You can also, under Use suitable actuators, the flow conditions regulate in operation.

Have the additional holes or gaps according to claim 5 the advantage of having the flow in the work area reinforce.

According to claim 6 is a powered or auto-rotating Brush applied, either directly to the machined Pad touched, or is above this pad and only affects the cross-directional currents and thereby record the media to be transported helps.

The advantageous development according to claim 7 stands out through their different flow velocities in same pressure nozzle part, which is particularly positive on the conveying capacity of the arrangement for light particles affects.

The connection of pressure and suction lines to a common one Drive unit, claim 8, is particularly energy-saving and has a positive impact in addition to the high level of economy on the noise emission.

Lateral openings in the suction nozzle part have proven particularly effective, which generate a helical flow here the removal of fluids and any Particle is beneficial, claim 9.

A preferred use of the subject of the invention is in mobile cleaning machines for walkable and passable areas to see claim 10.

The use of the subject of the invention in sand catchment basins and for cleaning swimming pools also works particularly efficient.

The drying and degassing according to claim 11 is general Process engineering, but also in civil engineering (Road construction) of importance.

The use is also for process engineering advantageous according to claim 12; it appears particularly favorable also for separation processes in the recycling of different materials Density and flow resistance.

The invention is based on characteristic Embodiments explained in more detail, the said Fluid is of course replaced by others can be. All drawings are the same Functional parts with the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1

Eine Schnittdarstellung A--A durch die erste Variante einer Düsenanordnung Fig. 2,

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht der Düse gemäss Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

die Ansicht einer Düsenanordnung, die mittig mit Druckluft versorgt wird und die sich nach unten in Richtung zum Düsenspalt verjüngt,

Fig. 4

einen Schnitt durch eine Variante einer Anordnung mit einem nasenförmigen Abrissteil,

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt durch eine weitere Variante mit einem nasenförmigen Abrissteil,

Fig. 6

einen Pulsator, der elastisch oder gelenkig an der leitenden Führungswand befestigt ist,

Fig. 7

eine mit Verstellmitteln sowie zusätzlich in den Führungswänden mit Bohrungen oder Längsschlitzen versehene Anordnung,

Fig. 8

eine weitere Variante mit einer rotierenden Bürste, zur zusätzlichen Bewegung der Strömungsmittel und Teilchen

Fig. 9

eine Zwischenwand, die die Druckdüse in eine engere Düse und in einen äusseren Diffusor teilt,

Fig. 10

eine Variante des Erfindungsgegenstandes mit zwei gegenseitig arbeitenden Düsen, mit über einen Ventilator geführter Re-Zirkulation der Strömung,

Fig. 11

eine Teilansicht einer zu Fig. 10 analogen Anordnung in einer schematischen Draufsicht, wobei seitliche Lappen zur Erzeugung einer tangentialen, zentralen Strömung eingezeichnet sind und

Fig. 12

eine Variante zu Fig. 11 mit zwei Doppelwirbeln.

Show it:

Fig. 1

A sectional view A - A through the first variant of a nozzle arrangement Fig. 2,

Fig. 2

2 shows a side view of the nozzle according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

the view of a nozzle arrangement, which is supplied with compressed air in the center and which tapers downwards in the direction of the nozzle gap,

Fig. 4

2 shows a section through a variant of an arrangement with a nose-shaped tear-off part,

Fig. 5

a section through another variant with a nose-shaped tear-off part,

Fig. 6

a pulsator that is attached to the conductive guide wall in an elastic or articulated manner,

Fig. 7

an arrangement provided with adjusting means and additionally with bores or longitudinal slots in the guide walls,

Fig. 8

another variant with a rotating brush, for additional movement of the fluid and particles

Fig. 9

an intermediate wall that divides the pressure nozzle into a narrower nozzle and an outer diffuser,

Fig. 10

a variant of the subject matter of the invention with two mutually working nozzles, with a recirculation of the flow guided by a fan,

Fig. 11

10 shows a partial view of an arrangement analogous to FIG. 10 in a schematic plan view, lateral flaps for generating a tangential, central flow being shown and

Fig. 12

a variant of Fig. 11 with two double vertebrae.

In Figure 1, a pressure nozzle part is designated 1; a Suction nozzle part with 2. The pressure nozzle part 1 is on the Pressure line 3 connected, the elongated connection opening 4 between the line 3 and the pressure nozzle part 1 serves as a passage. The suction nozzle part 2 is with the Line 5 for suctioned fluid, possibly with suctioned solid particles, via an elongated connection opening 6 between the line 5 and the suction nozzle part 2 connected. Located between the ends of the nozzle parts 1 and 2 there is a nozzle gap 7. Both nozzle parts 1 and 2 are guided along an inner tube 8. From the outside On the side, the nozzle parts are formed by outer guide walls 9. The left outer guide wall is outwards, that means bent down and thus forms an edge 9a. A pressure flow is symbolized by reference number 10, with the reference numeral 10a a suction flow. A Bracing 11 fixes lines 3 and 5. A web 12 connects the lines 3 and 5 mentioned with the central Tube 8.

The inner guide walls formed by the tube 8, such as those of the wall 9 are also smooth.

A dashed, imaginary plane E is from Nozzle gap 7 determined in their position; pressurized the pressure nozzle 1 this - imaginary - plane at an acute angle, designated with a.

The Coanda flow occurring on the smooth surfaces F. experiences a brusque change of direction by means of a tear-off edge K. and causes a wanted vortex formation in the Working area of the arrangement.

For reasons of clarity, are also in some places the arrangement of welds 13 shown.

Fig. 2 shows the already mentioned line 3 for extracted media and the left outer guide wall 9 with the outside curved edge 9a. A flange-like cover 14, cf. Fig. 1 is removable, which allows cleaning of the inside. Another cover 15, in the left part of FIG. 2, is fixed. With the reference numeral 16 is a connector designated for lines 3 and 5, which in notoriously known way of coupling with suction and pressure lines serves to a fan, not shown to lead.

Fig. 3 shows a variant of Fig. 1 and 2, in which one Compressed air line 3 in the middle by means of the connecting part 16a the compressed air is supplied. The outer guide walls 9 taper down towards the nozzle gap. - How 2, covers 14 and 15 are again provided.

In an analogous manner, one can - not shown here Realize spherical solution, with the inner one then also Tube 8 is to be replaced by a ball.

4, a nose-shaped angle body 21 is indicated, an additional constriction between the nozzle gap 7 and the surface to be machined.

Fig. 5 shows a nose-shaped body 22 which is rounded and is rigid or flexible. This also changes the Flow conditions in the gap 7, but not to the extent like the aforementioned angular body 21.

Both bodies 21 and 22 cause a change in direction of the Coanda flow and thus serve the intended transient Vortex formation.

Fig. 6 shows the surface M to be machined and, among other things. also a pulsator 24 which is elastic or articulated on the guide wall 9 is attached and the generation of vibrations in the flow 10 and thereby also in the flow 10a serves.

The direction of vibration of the pulsator 24 is by a Double arrow indicated.

FIG. 7 again shows the area M to be machined, and in addition a secondary flow 23 through nozzle-shaped holes or Longitudinal slots 23a leads in the outer guide wall 9. Also this additional stream 23 acts on the working area of the Nozzle arrangement.

An additional overpressure p in the tube 8 forms through a bore 19 or a gap or more holes 19 another flow acting centrally in the work area, symbolized by a dashed arrow 20.

The overpressure p can be easily controlled and can act as an additional flow be used intermittently.

Fig. 8 shows a rotating brush 25, which in this case is driven by the flow 10 and 10a. It is of course, it is also possible that this with an electric motor or for example a turbine, additionally in Rotating arrow direction, is driven.

This brush helps the solid particles in the area of the To convey nozzle gap 7, where it from the suction flow 10a be recorded.

Fig. 9 shows the appropriate division and management of Pressure flow through an intermediate wall 26a (as a bold line drawn) with the resulting speeds cl and c2, where c1> c2. This works in the nozzle gap ideal in connection with an outward curved edge 9a in the guide wall and increases the conveying capacity of the arrangement.

10 shows another variant of the nozzle arrangement. The Pressure nozzle part 1 leads the compressed air flow 10 to the center of the nozzle gap 7. With this arrangement, the shear force acts concentric on the surface of the to be processed Area M. The suction nozzle part 2 sucks from the nozzle gap 7 the media to be transported with formation of axially parallel vortices - as indicated in the drawing - from. The outer guide walls 9 form a flat box in which of above the pipes for the pressure flow 10 and the suction flow 10a are let in. The suction nozzle part 2 consists of a tubular part 2 'and a concentrically resulting Guide flange 2 ", which laterally to the box shape the guide walls 9 is adapted.

Again, the surface F is the one already described Coanda flow and is replaced by the edges K.

The connecting lines 30 for circulation carry the Suction flow 10a in the conveyor and / or separator and / or Capacitor 27, which is provided with a bypass 28. Further Connection lines 31 connect a compressor 29 for the recirculation with the pressure nozzle part 1.

Through lateral openings 32, not shown in FIG. 10, see Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, preferably by from the Guide walls 9 curved lobes allows the vortex formation influence in the box.

This possibility is outlined in FIGS. 11 and 12, wherein in the box bent tabs are designated 33; the resulting vortex flow is again indicated by arrows 18 indicated.

The resulting circular vortex flow is shown in Fig. 11 with W. The formed in the arrangement of Fig. 12 both double vertebrae are each characterized by W '.

It is surprising that the subject of the invention, under Applying the same principle, good results with less Performance, for example when cleaning walk-in and accessible areas, during drying and / or degassing of surfaces but also in the targeted promotion of Liquids shows.

It goes without saying that the type of flow feedback over the same drive unit also with the previous ones described arrangements is possible and offers advantages.

The structural design is free within wide limits and also allows adjustments to the desired appearance (Design)·

Process engineering cycles are also conceivable in which for example an inert transport medium is used, which bypasses to a constant concentration value is held or replenished.

Claims (12)

1. A nozzle arrangement for taking up and removing solid particles and/or flow media in a desired manner, wherein mutually separate nozzle parts (1, 2) are connected to pressure and suction lines (30, 31) respectively, wherein at least the pressure flow (10) is conveyed at an acute angle (α) to a plane (E) determined by the nozzle gap (7), and wherein at least one break-off part (K; 21, 22) for the pressure flow (10) is provided in the flow direction in the operative area, the said break-off part (K; 21, 22) forcing a change in direction upon the Coanda flow which occurs, and the shear force of the said pressure flow (10) assisted by swirling takes up solid particles and/or flow media and removes them by way of the nozzle gap (7), with a suction flow (10a) applied thereto, by way of optionally attached physical/technical apparatus such as filters, separators and/or catalysts, condensers (27), characterized in that inner and outer smooth guide faces (F) are provided for the Coanda flow, which comprise substantially cylindrical tube members (8, 9) which are inserted one into the other and which are closed off at the front end by covers (14, 15), and the centre of the inner tube member (8) is displaced with respect to the centre of the outer tube member (9) in the direction of the nozzle gap (7) in an axially parallel manner, wherein the nozzle gap (7) is situated in the outer guide wall (F).
2. A nozzle arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the break-off part (21, 22) is constructed in the form of a nose-shaped member (22) and is rigid or flexible.
3. A nozzle arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that a pulsator (24) is secured to the end of the pressure nozzle part (1) in a resilient or articulated manner.
4. A nozzle arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure flow (10) and/or the suction flow (10a) are controlled or regulated by width-adjustment means (9b).
5. A nozzle arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that bores (19) or longitudinal slots (23a) are additionally provided in the operative area at least in one of the guide walls (8; 9) of the nozzle parts (1; 2).
6. A nozzle arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that a driven or auto-rotating cylindrical brush (25), which takes up the solid particles and/or flow media and sets them in motion, is provided in the operative area of the nozzle gap (7).
7. A nozzle arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that an intermediate wall (26a), which with its inner face constricts the nozzle (1) and with its outer face forms a diffusor (26), is provided in the pressure nozzle part (1).
8. A nozzle arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the suction line (30) for the suction flow (10a) is connected to the inlet of a compressor (29) and the pressure line (31) for the pressure flow (10) is connected to the outlet thereof, so that at least a partial recirculation of the flows (10, 10a) takes place.
9. A nozzle arrangement according to Claim 1 or 8, characterized in that at least one lateral opening (32) for a further flow extending in the tangential direction to the suction flow (10a) is provided in the suction nozzle part (2).
10. Use of the nozzle arrangement according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9 as a pressure/ suction nozzle for cleaning surfaces for walking and travelling and in basin-cleaning appliances.
11. Use of the nozzle arrangement according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9 for drying and/ or de-gassing surfaces.
12. Use of the nozzle arrangement according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9 in substance separators.

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