EP0768920A1 - Rotor cutter for cutting up waste, in particular bulky items - Google Patents
Rotor cutter for cutting up waste, in particular bulky itemsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0768920A1 EP0768920A1 EP95924833A EP95924833A EP0768920A1 EP 0768920 A1 EP0768920 A1 EP 0768920A1 EP 95924833 A EP95924833 A EP 95924833A EP 95924833 A EP95924833 A EP 95924833A EP 0768920 A1 EP0768920 A1 EP 0768920A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- shaft
- shear according
- rotor shear
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010782 bulky waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
- B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rotor shear for comminuting, in particular, bulky waste with at least two cutting rotors which are mounted in parallel in a housing, in opposite directions and mesh with one another, each consisting of a plurality of cutting rotors which are lined up at a distance from one another, with against the circumferential surface of the opposite shaft or Spacers and rotor disks working against each other are provided.
- Such rotor shears are known and are mainly used for crushing waste such as bulky waste, household waste, old tires, bottles or containers made of metal, plastic and the like. Because of the different, often very resistant and tough materials contained in the bulky waste, such as bulky steel parts, steel inserts in old tires, etc., there are great problems with regard to the radial and axial forces to be absorbed and wear, which ultimately have an adverse effect on the shredding process impact and significantly impair the availability of rotor shears.
- the invention is based on the object of constructing a rotor shear of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the respectively changed machine elements lead to an effective comminution process, optimum wear behavior and a reduction in the bearing load.
- this task can be solved by three sibling variants each.
- at least one outer rotor disk of a cutting rotor be assigned a wear disk corresponding to its circumference and connected to the shaft in order to reduce wear, promote the size reduction process and reduce the bearing load by reducing axial forces.
- This inventive measure has the effect that
- the second inventive solution of the task which is subordinate to this variant, provides for at least one shaft to be assigned a support / scraper device in such a way that, with a functionally independent support part, the shaft or the spacer ring in a sector between bottom "dead center” and horizontal Line of symmetry and with a stripping part which is functionally independent of the support part in the region of the lower "dead center” of the shaft or the spacer ring.
- REPLACEMENT LEAF A reduction in wear due to the prevention of jamming of the comminuted material
- the support / stripping device according to the invention can be carried out according to claims 12 to 27.
- the surface of the front tooth flank of at least one cutting tooth consists of geometrically offset and / or angled partial surfaces, which lead to a gradual shredding and an optimal effect of the shredding edges and partial surfaces involved in the shredding process. It is due to this changed tooth geometry
- REPLACEMENT LEAF such as favorable wear behavior, lower bearing loads and an improved comminution process.
- the particularly high availability of rotor shears is thus achieved because it can be optimized with respect to the material mixture to be shredded or can be designed according to this.
- FIG. 4 versions of cutting teeth according to the invention in the forms as shown in a) to e).
- a rotor shear consists essentially of two parallel to each other in a housing 1, counter-driven, intermeshing cutting rotors 2, each of which are lined up at a distance on the shafts 3, with against
- the housing 1 has rear walls 1.1, end walls 1.2 and partition walls 1.3.
- the shafts 3 are mounted in the end walls 1.2.
- the on the meshing cutting rotors 2 by means of spacer rings 4 spaced rotor disks 5 are arranged so that the overhead cutting rotor 2 shown in Fig. 1 has a wear disc 7 on the left side, which connects to the outer rotor disc 5 and is positive or non-positive (Fig. 2) or connected to the shaft 3 by means of a thread, not shown.
- This wear disk 7 corresponds to the circumference of the outer rotor disk 5 and can advantageously be made slightly larger in diameter than the rotor disk 5.
- the wear plate 7 runs with or without play against an outer spacer ring 4.1 of the opposite shaft 3.
- the cutting rotor 2 formed with this shaft 3 has on its right side a further wear plate 7, which is arranged and designed in accordance with the first wear plate 7. Both wear disks run in corresponding bushings of the dividing walls 1.3 delimiting the comminution area. Designs are also possible, according to which the wear disks 7 are designed as a collar or flange-like part of the shaft 3.
- FIG. 1 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is also conceivable in such a way that only one shaft 3 is assigned two outer wear disks 7, each running against corresponding outer spacer rings 4.1 of the opposite shaft 3 with or without play.
- the idea of the invention can also be applied to the rotor shears which have several pairs of cutting rotors 2.
- the wear disk 7 does not abut directly against a rotor disk 5, but is separated from it by a spacer ring 4 or 4.1, the opposite rotor disk 5 then being practically sealed to the partition 1.3. It is essential that a couple
- REPLACEMENT LEAF a maximum of two wear disks are assigned by intermeshing cutting rotors 2, each abutting an outer rotor disk 5 in the direction of the end wall 1.2 and firmly connected to the shaft 3. This arrangement has shown that jamming of comminuted goods, as previously, between fixed wear elements and the cutting rotor 2 is avoided, and thus the wear on the housing is reduced significantly. The lower axial forces increase the service life of the bearings. Overall, the shredding process improves and the rotor shears alone get a higher availability.
- each embodiment is designed in such a way that the functions of support and stripping are decoupled, that is to say that each support / stripping device according to FIGS. 3a, b, c with a functionally independent support part 8.1, the spacer ring 4 in one sector 3.1 between the lower "dead center” and horizontal symmetry line and with a functionally independent stripping part 8.2 in the region of the lower "dead center” of the spacer ring 4.
- these agents contribute to reducing wear, ensure a longer service life of the bearings, since the shaft 3 is relieved, and lead the features according to the invention to a more effective comminution process, i.e. to further increase the availability of the rotor shear.
- the supporting / stripping device 8 according to FIGS. 3a, c can be designed as a structural unit, according to FIG. 3a the stripping 8.2 can be designed as a resilient component and according to Fig. 3b it can consist of separate components, such as the supporting part 8.1 and stripping part 8.2. As shown in FIG. 3c, there is an additional one to avoid material jamming during reversing operation
- REPLACEMENT LEAF Scraper part 8.3 is provided, which is expediently pivotable. All of the embodiments have in common that the cutting rotors 2 can be removed from the housing 1 without removing the support / stripping devices 8. Depending on the comminution material, different assignments are possible, namely as shown in claims 13 to 24 and 26 and 27.
- the surfaces of the front tooth flanks 6.1 of the cutting teeth are finally designed in such a way that geometrically offset and / or angled partial surfaces, in order to further increase and support the availability of the rotor shears 6.5 arise, which lead to a gradual shredding and an optimal effect of the shredding edges 6.2, 6.3 and partial surfaces 6.5 involved in the shredding process.
- the cutting teeth 6 can then be used with the proposed geometries, which are matched to the mixture of materials to be shredded.
- FIG. 2 analogously to FIG. 4b, e and generally transferable to FIGS.
- the crushing edges 6.2 being those between the front tooth flank 6.1 and the end faces 6.6 lying edges, which work against the shredding edges 6.2 of the cutting tooth 6 of the opposite rotor disk 5 and the shredding edge 6.3 are defined as the edge lying between the tooth head 6.4 and the front tooth flank 6.1, which works against the spacer ring.
- the angles 6.7 between the partial surfaces 6.5 of the front tooth flank 6.1 and the end faces 6.6 are designated, which in the case of the embodiments according to FIGS. 2, 4a, b, e are approximately or exactly 90 °, a slight drop below such as 89 °, can be advantageous under certain conditions.
- REPLACEMENT LEAF 2 4a-e do justice to the basic principle of the inventive concept and, according to claim 32, enable the use of different cutting teeth 6 which is matched to the respective comminution process.
- the basic functions of cutting teeth are combined and gradually to Effect brought, with reference to claims 30 and 31 of Fig. 4c, the refractive or the cutting function according to Fig. 4d is in the foreground. Due to the design of the cutting tooth 6 with the drawn-in front tooth flank 6.1 and the return to the tooth head 6.4 on the rear tooth flank (not shown), even after a possible breakage of the tooth due to the present cross-sectional conditions, an effective residual remains advantageously Cutting tooth.
- REPLACEMENT LEAF Increase the availability of rotor shears, such as coupling the wear disc 7 to an outer rotor disc 5, assigning support / stripping devices 8 to the cutting rotor 2 and geometrically offset and / or angled partial surfaces 6.5 of the front tooth flank 6.1 of the cutting teeth located on the rotor discs 5 6.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Rotorschere zum Zerkleinern von insbesondere sperrigen Abfallen Rotor shears for crushing particularly bulky waste
Technisches GebietTechnical field
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rotorschere zum Zerkleinern von insbesondere sperrigen Abfällen mit mindestens zwei parallel zueinander in einem Gehäuse gelagerten, gegenläufig angetrie¬ benen, miteinander kämmenden Schneidrotoren, die jeweils aus mehreren im Abstand auf einer Welle aneinandergereihten, mit gegen die Umfangsfiäche der gegenüberliegenden Welle bzw. Distanzringe und gegeneinander arbeitenden Schneidzähnen versehenen Rotorscheiben bestehen.The invention relates to a rotor shear for comminuting, in particular, bulky waste with at least two cutting rotors which are mounted in parallel in a housing, in opposite directions and mesh with one another, each consisting of a plurality of cutting rotors which are lined up at a distance from one another, with against the circumferential surface of the opposite shaft or Spacers and rotor disks working against each other are provided.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Derartige Rotorscheren sind bekannt und werden überwiegend zum Zerkleinern von Abfällen, wie Sperrmüll, Haushaltsmüll, Altreifen, Flaschen oder Behältern aus Metall, Kunststoff und dgl. eingesetzt. Aufgrund der in den sperrigen Abfällen enthaltenen unterschiedlichen, häufig sehr widerstandsfähigen und zähen Materialien, wie sperrige Stahlteile, Stahleinlagen in Alt¬ reifen usw., treten große Probleme hinsichtlich der aufzunehmenden radialen und axialen Kräfte sowie des Verschleißes auf, die sich letztlich auf den Zerkleinerungsprozeß nachteilig auswirken und die Verfügbarkeit einer Rotorschere wesentlich beeinträchtigen. Es wurde ständig versucht, den Problemen der extrem hohen Belastung und dem Verschleiß entgegenzuwirken, so durch die Maßnahmen gemäß der DE 27 31 588 C2 in Form einer zweiteiligen Gehäuseausführung, weiterhin die Ausführung von Schutzkappen für die Schneidzähne nach der DE 39 18 657 C2 und schließlich den Vorschlag entsprechend der P 42 40 444.4-23, Schneidrotoren mit einem Übermaß zu verwenden.Such rotor shears are known and are mainly used for crushing waste such as bulky waste, household waste, old tires, bottles or containers made of metal, plastic and the like. Because of the different, often very resistant and tough materials contained in the bulky waste, such as bulky steel parts, steel inserts in old tires, etc., there are great problems with regard to the radial and axial forces to be absorbed and wear, which ultimately have an adverse effect on the shredding process impact and significantly impair the availability of rotor shears. Attempts were constantly made to counteract the problems of extremely high loads and wear, for example by the measures according to DE 27 31 588 C2 in the form of a two-part housing design, the execution of protective caps for the cutting teeth according to DE 39 18 657 C2 and finally the proposal according to P 42 40 444.4-23 to use cutting rotors with an oversize.
Wenn auch diese Lösungen im Detail Verbesserungen bewirken, fehlt derzeitig eine komplexe Lösung, die das oben beschriebene Problem weitgehend beseitigt.If these solutions also result in improvements in detail, there is currently no complex solution that largely eliminates the problem described above.
ERSATZBLATT Darstellung der ErfindungREPLACEMENT LEAF Presentation of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Rotorschere der eingangs genannten Art konstruktiv so zu gestalten, daß die jeweils veränderten Maschinenelemente zu einem effekti¬ veren Zerkleinerungsprozeß, einem optimalem Verschleißverhalten und einer Verringerung der Lagerbelastung führen.The invention is based on the object of constructing a rotor shear of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the respectively changed machine elements lead to an effective comminution process, optimum wear behavior and a reduction in the bearing load.
Erfindungsgemäß kann diese Aufgabe durch je drei nebengeordnete Varianten gelöst werden. Nach der ersten Variante wird vorgeschlagen, mindestens einer äußeren Rotorscheibe eines Schneidrotors eine deren Umfang entsprechende Verschleißscheibe zuzuordnen und mit der Welle zu verbinden, um den Verschleiß zu verringern, den Zerkleinerungsprozeß zu fördern und durch verringerte Axialkräfte die Lagerbelastung zu senken. Diese erfinderische Ma߬ nahme wirkt sich so aus, daßAccording to the invention, this task can be solved by three sibling variants each. According to the first variant, it is proposed that at least one outer rotor disk of a cutting rotor be assigned a wear disk corresponding to its circumference and connected to the shaft in order to reduce wear, promote the size reduction process and reduce the bearing load by reducing axial forces. This inventive measure has the effect that
• keine Verklemmung von Zerkleinerungsgut wie bisher zwischen fest stehenden Verschleißelementen und dem Schneidrotor erfolgen kann und der Verschleiß geringer wird.• There is no jamming of material to be shredded, as was previously the case between fixed wear elements and the cutting rotor, and wear is reduced.
• die wirkenden Axialkräfte damit geringer und die Lebensdauer der Lager erhöht werden,• the acting axial forces are thus lower and the service life of the bearings is increased,
• somit in der Gesamtheit der Zerkleinerungsprozeß verbessert wird und• thus the shredding process as a whole is improved and
• die Rotorschere eine höhere Verfügbarkeit erhält.• The rotor shear gets a higher availability.
Dieser Erfindungsvariante untergeordnete Ausführungsformen sind den Ansprüchen 5 bis 1 1 zu entnehmen.Embodiments subordinate to this variant of the invention can be found in claims 5 to 11.
Die zweite dieser Variante nebengeordnete erfinderische Lösung der Aufgabe sieht vor, min¬ destens einer Welle eine Abstütz-/ Abstreifeinrichtung so zuzuordnen, daß diese mit einem funktionell selbständigen Abstützteil die Welle bzw. den Distanzring in einem Sektor zwi¬ schen unteren "Totpunkt" und horizontaler Symmetrielinie und mit einem von dem Abstütz¬ teil funktioneil unabhängigen Abstreifteil im Bereich des unteren "Totpunktes" der Welle bzw. des Distanzringes umfaßt. Auch diese Lösung bewirktThe second inventive solution of the task, which is subordinate to this variant, provides for at least one shaft to be assigned a support / scraper device in such a way that, with a functionally independent support part, the shaft or the spacer ring in a sector between bottom "dead center" and horizontal Line of symmetry and with a stripping part which is functionally independent of the support part in the region of the lower "dead center" of the shaft or the spacer ring. This solution also works
ERSATZBLATT • infolge der Vermeidung von Verklemmungen des Zerkleinerungsgutes eine Senkung des Verschleißes,REPLACEMENT LEAF A reduction in wear due to the prevention of jamming of the comminuted material,
• infolge der Verringerung der Belastung der Welle eine höhere Lebensdauer der Lager und• due to the reduction in the load on the shaft, a longer service life of the bearings and
• einen effektiveren Zerkleinerungsprozeß bzw. eine höhere Verfügbarkeit der Rotorschere. Die erfindungsgemäße Abstütz-/ Abstreifeinrichtung ist entsprechend den Ansprüchen 12 bis 27 ausführbar.• a more effective shredding process or higher availability of the rotor shear. The support / stripping device according to the invention can be carried out according to claims 12 to 27.
Nach der dritten Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe besteht erfmdungsgemäß die Fläche der vor¬ deren Zahnflanke mindestens eines Schneidzahnes aus geometrisch abgesetzten und/oder abgewinkelten Teilflächen, die zu einem stufenweisen Zerkleinern und einer optimalen Wir¬ kung der am Zerkleinerungsprozeß beteiligen Zerkleinerungskanten und Teilflächen fuhren. Es wird durch diese veränderte Zahngeometrie beiAfter the third solution to the problem, according to the invention, the surface of the front tooth flank of at least one cutting tooth consists of geometrically offset and / or angled partial surfaces, which lead to a gradual shredding and an optimal effect of the shredding edges and partial surfaces involved in the shredding process. It is due to this changed tooth geometry
• einem optimalen Zerkleinerungsprozeß,• an optimal shredding process,
• geringeren Lagerbelastungen und• lower bearing loads and
• günstigem Verschleißverhalten letztlich auch die Verfügbarkeit der Rotorschere wesentlich erhöht. Nach den Ansprüchen 28 bis 36 sind erfindungsgemäße Ausfuhrungsformen dargestellt, die das Prinzip eines stufen¬ weisen Zerkleinerns realisieren können.• Favorable wear behavior ultimately also significantly increases the availability of the rotor shears. According to claims 28 to 36, embodiments according to the invention are shown which can implement the principle of a step-by-step shredding.
Vorteilhaft hat sich gezeigt, daß die Wirkungen der erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3 besonders günstig die Verfügbarkeit einer Rotorschere beeinflussen, wenn man die beschriebenen drei Einzellösungen in einer Maschine als bevorzugte Variante kom¬ biniert anwendet. Der sich hieraus ergebende überraschende und neue Effekt besteht nun darin, daß der Zerkleinerungsprozeß auf die verschiedenen Materialarten des zu zerkleinern¬ den Materialgemischs einstellbar wird bei Aufrechterhaltung der vorteilhaften Wirkungen,It has been shown to be advantageous that the effects of the features according to the invention according to claims 1 to 3 influence the availability of a rotor shear particularly favorably if the three individual solutions described are combined in a machine as a preferred variant. The surprising and new effect resulting from this is that the size reduction process can be adjusted to the different types of material of the material mixture to be size reduced while maintaining the advantageous effects.
ERSATZBLATT wie günstiges Verschleißverhalten, geringere Lagerbelastungen und verbesserter Zerkleine¬ rungsprozeß. Damit wird die besonders hohe Verfügbarkeit einer Rotorschere erzielt, weil diese hinsichtlich des zu zerkleinernden Materialgemischs optimierbar bzw. nach diesem auslegbar wird.REPLACEMENT LEAF such as favorable wear behavior, lower bearing loads and an improved comminution process. The particularly high availability of rotor shears is thus achieved because it can be optimized with respect to the material mixture to be shredded or can be designed according to this.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
In den Zeichnungen zeigenShow in the drawings
Fig.l eine vereinfachte Gesamtdarstellung einer geöffneten Rotorschere in der Draufsicht,1 shows a simplified overall view of an open rotor shear in plan view,
Fig. 2 eine äußere Rotorscheibe mit Verschleißscheibe als perspektivischer Ausschnitt aus einer Rotorschere sowie einen einzeln dargestellten Schneidzahn in einer erfindungs¬ gemäßen Ausführung,2 an outer rotor disk with a wear disk as a perspective cutout from a rotor shear and an individually shown cutting tooth in an embodiment according to the invention,
Fig. 3 Ausführungen von erfindungsgemäßen Abstütz-/Abstreifeinrichtungen in den Formen a) als Baueinheit, b) mit getrenntem Abstützteil und Abstreifteil und c) mit einem zusätzlichem Abstreifteil für einen Reversierbetrieb,3 designs of supporting / stripping devices according to the invention in the forms a) as a structural unit, b) with a separate supporting part and stripping part and c) with an additional stripping part for a reversing operation,
Fig. 4 Ausführungen von erfindungsgemäßen Schneidzähnen in den Formen wie in a) bis e) dargestellt.Fig. 4 versions of cutting teeth according to the invention in the forms as shown in a) to e).
Bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungBest way to carry out the invention
Die Erfindung wird an folgendem Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben. Entsprechend Fig. 1 besteht eine Rotorschere im wesentlichen aus zwei parallel zueinander in einem Gehäuse 1 gelagerten, gegenläufig angetriebenen, miteinander kämmenden Schneidrotoren 2, die jeweils aus mehreren im Abstand auf den Wellen 3 aneinandergereihten, mit gegen dieThe invention is described using the following exemplary embodiment. According to Fig. 1, a rotor shear consists essentially of two parallel to each other in a housing 1, counter-driven, intermeshing cutting rotors 2, each of which are lined up at a distance on the shafts 3, with against
ERSATZBLATT Umfangsfläche der zwischen den Schneidrotoren 2 auf den Wellen 3 angeordneten Distanzringe 4 und gegeneinander arbeitenden Schneidzähnen 6 (Fig. 2) versehenen Rotor¬ scheiben 5. Das Gehäuse 1 besitzt Rückwände 1.1, Stirnwände 1.2 und Trennwände 1.3. Die Wellen 3 sind in den Stirnwänden 1.2 gelagert. Die auf den kämmenden Schneidrotoren 2 mittels Distanzringen 4 auf Abstand gereihten Rotorscheiben 5 sind so angeordnet, daß der in Fig. 1 dargestellte obenliegende Schneidrotor 2 an der linken Seite eine Verschleißscheibe 7 aufweist, die sich an die äußere Rotorscheibe 5 anschließt und form- oder kraftschlüssig (Fig. 2) oder mittels nicht dargestelltem Gewinde mit der Welle 3 verbunden ist. Diese Verschlei߬ scheibe 7 entspricht dem Umfang der äußeren Rotorscheibe 5 und kann vorteilhaft geringfü¬ gig im Durchmesser größer als die Rotorscheibe 5 ausgeführt werden. Die Verschleißscheibe 7 läuft mit oder ohne Spiel gegen einen äußeren Distanzring 4.1 der gegenüberliegenden Welle 3. Der mit dieser Welle 3 gebildete Schneidrotor 2 weist an seiner rechten Seite eine weitere Verschleißscheibe 7 auf, die entsprechend der ersten Verschleißscheibe 7 angeordnet und gestaltet ist. Beide Verschleißscheiben laufen in entsprechenden Durchführungen der den Zerkleinerungsraum abgrenzenden Trennwände 1.3. Es sind auch Ausführungen möglich, wonach die Verschleißscheiben 7 als bund- oder flanschartiger Teil der Welle 3 gestaltet sind.REPLACEMENT LEAF Circumferential surface of the spacer rings 4 arranged between the cutting rotors 2 on the shafts 3 and cutting disks 6 working against one another (FIG. 2) provided with rotor disks 5. The housing 1 has rear walls 1.1, end walls 1.2 and partition walls 1.3. The shafts 3 are mounted in the end walls 1.2. The on the meshing cutting rotors 2 by means of spacer rings 4 spaced rotor disks 5 are arranged so that the overhead cutting rotor 2 shown in Fig. 1 has a wear disc 7 on the left side, which connects to the outer rotor disc 5 and is positive or non-positive (Fig. 2) or connected to the shaft 3 by means of a thread, not shown. This wear disk 7 corresponds to the circumference of the outer rotor disk 5 and can advantageously be made slightly larger in diameter than the rotor disk 5. The wear plate 7 runs with or without play against an outer spacer ring 4.1 of the opposite shaft 3. The cutting rotor 2 formed with this shaft 3 has on its right side a further wear plate 7, which is arranged and designed in accordance with the first wear plate 7. Both wear disks run in corresponding bushings of the dividing walls 1.3 delimiting the comminution area. Designs are also possible, according to which the wear disks 7 are designed as a collar or flange-like part of the shaft 3.
Die gemäß Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführung ist auch so denkbar, daß nur einer Welle 3 zwei äußere Verschleißscheiben 7 zugeordnet sind, die je gegen entsprechende äußere Distanzringe 4.1 der gegenüberliegenden Welle 3 mit oder ohne Spiel laufen. Der Erfindungsgedanke ist auch auf die Rotorscheren übertragbar, die mehrere Paare von Schneidrotoren 2 aufweisen. Schließlich liegt es auch im Sinn einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung, daß die Verschleißscheibe 7 nicht unmittelbar an einer Rotorscheibe 5 anliegt, sondern von dieser durch einen Distanzring 4 bzw. 4.1 getrennt ist, wobei dann die gegenüberliegende Rotorscheibe 5 praktisch dicht zur Trennwand 1.3 abschließt. Wesentlich ist, daß einem PaarThe embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is also conceivable in such a way that only one shaft 3 is assigned two outer wear disks 7, each running against corresponding outer spacer rings 4.1 of the opposite shaft 3 with or without play. The idea of the invention can also be applied to the rotor shears which have several pairs of cutting rotors 2. Finally, it is also in the sense of an embodiment according to the invention that the wear disk 7 does not abut directly against a rotor disk 5, but is separated from it by a spacer ring 4 or 4.1, the opposite rotor disk 5 then being practically sealed to the partition 1.3. It is essential that a couple
ERSATZBLATT von kämmenden Schneidrotoren 2 maximal zwei Verschleißscheiben zugeordnet werden, die jeweils an einer äußeren Rotorscheibe 5 in Richtung zur Stirnwand 1.2 anliegen und mit der Welle 3 fest verbunden sind. Durch diese Anordnung hat sich gezeigt, daß Verklemmungen von Zerkleinerungsgut wie bisher zwischen fest stehenden Verschleißelementen und dem Schneidrotor 2 vermieden werden und damit der Gehäuseverschleiß wesentlich sinkt. Durch die geringeren Axialkräfte wird die Lebensdauer der Lager erhöht. Insgesamt verbessert sich der Zerkleinerungsprozeß und die Rotorschere erhält allein damit schon eine höhere Verfügbarkeit.REPLACEMENT LEAF a maximum of two wear disks are assigned by intermeshing cutting rotors 2, each abutting an outer rotor disk 5 in the direction of the end wall 1.2 and firmly connected to the shaft 3. This arrangement has shown that jamming of comminuted goods, as previously, between fixed wear elements and the cutting rotor 2 is avoided, and thus the wear on the housing is reduced significantly. The lower axial forces increase the service life of the bearings. Overall, the shredding process improves and the rotor shears alone get a higher availability.
Diese Wirkungen werden noch funktionell während des Zerkleinerungsprozesses unterstützt durch erfmdungsgemäße Abstütz-/Abstreifeinrichtungen 8, die nach Fig. 1 zwischen den Rotorscheiben 5 angeordnet sind. Nach dem Erfindungsprinzip ist jede Ausführung so gestal¬ tet, daß die Funktionen Abstützen und Abstreifen entkoppelt sind, d.h., daß jede Abstütz- /Abstreifeinrichtung entsprechend Fig. 3a, b, c mit einem funktionell selbständigen Abstütz¬ teil 8.1 den Distanzring 4 in einem Sektor 3.1 zwischen dem unteren "Totpunkt" und horizon¬ taler Symmetrielinie und mit einem funktionell unabhängigen Abstreifteil 8.2 im Bereich des unteren "Totpunktes" des Distanzringes 4 umfaßt. Spezifisch tragen diese Mittel infolge der Vermeidung von Verklemmungen des Zerkleinerungsgutes zur Senkung des Verschleißes bei, gewährleisten dieselben eine höhere Lebensdauer der Lager, da die Welle 3 entlastet wird, und führen die erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale zu einem effektiveren Zerkleinerungsprozeß, d.h. zu einer weiteren Erhöhung der Verfügbarkeit der Rotorschere.These effects are still functionally supported during the shredding process by support / stripping devices 8 according to the invention, which are arranged between the rotor disks 5 according to FIG. 1. According to the principle of the invention, each embodiment is designed in such a way that the functions of support and stripping are decoupled, that is to say that each support / stripping device according to FIGS. 3a, b, c with a functionally independent support part 8.1, the spacer ring 4 in one sector 3.1 between the lower "dead center" and horizontal symmetry line and with a functionally independent stripping part 8.2 in the region of the lower "dead center" of the spacer ring 4. Specifically, by avoiding jamming of the comminuted material, these agents contribute to reducing wear, ensure a longer service life of the bearings, since the shaft 3 is relieved, and lead the features according to the invention to a more effective comminution process, i.e. to further increase the availability of the rotor shear.
Dabei kann die Abstütz-/Abstreifeinrichtung 8 nach Fig. 3a, c als Baueinheit gestaltet, nach Fig. 3a das Abstreiften 8.2 als federndes Bauteil ausgeführt sein und nach Fig. 3b aus getrenn¬ ten Bauteilen, wie Abstützteil 8.1 und Abstreifteil 8.2 bestehen. Wie in Fig. 3c dargestellt ist zur Vermeidung von Materialverklemmungen bei einem Reversierbetrieb ein zusätzlichesThe supporting / stripping device 8 according to FIGS. 3a, c can be designed as a structural unit, according to FIG. 3a the stripping 8.2 can be designed as a resilient component and according to Fig. 3b it can consist of separate components, such as the supporting part 8.1 and stripping part 8.2. As shown in FIG. 3c, there is an additional one to avoid material jamming during reversing operation
ERSATΣBLATT Abstreifteil 8.3 vorgesehen, welches zweckmäßigerweise schwenkbeweglich ist. Allen Aus¬ fuhrungsformen ist gemeinsam, daß die Schneidrotoren 2 aus dem Gehäuse 1 demontiert wer¬ den können, ohne die Abstütz-/ Abstreifeinrichtungen 8 zu entfernen. Entsprechend dem Zer¬ kleinerungsgut sind unterschiedliche Zuordnungen möglich, nämlich so wie sie in den Ansprüchen 13 bis 24 und 26 sowie 27 dargestellt sind.REPLACEMENT LEAF Scraper part 8.3 is provided, which is expediently pivotable. All of the embodiments have in common that the cutting rotors 2 can be removed from the housing 1 without removing the support / stripping devices 8. Depending on the comminution material, different assignments are possible, namely as shown in claims 13 to 24 and 26 and 27.
Typisch ist wiederum der Effekt, die für den jeweiligen Zerkleinerungsprozeß erforderlichen Ausführungsformen und Anordnungen auswechselbar und anpaßbar einzusetzen. Um auf die Verfügbarkeit der Rotorschere weiterhin steigernd und unterstützend einzuwirken, werden schließlich gemäß den Fig. 2 und 4a, b, c, d, e die Flächen der vorderen Zahnflanken 6.1 der Schneidzähne so gestaltet, daß geometrisch abgesetzte und/oder abgewinkelte Teilflä¬ chen 6.5 entstehen, die zu einem stufenweisen Zerkleinern und einer optimalen Wirkung der am Zerkleinerungsprozeß beteiligten Zerkleinerungskanten 6.2, 6.3 und Teilflächen 6.5 füh¬ ren. Es können danach die Schneidzähne 6 mit den vorgeschlagenen Geometrien eingesetzt werden, die auf das zu zerkleinernde Materialgemisch abgestimmt sind. In Fig. 2 ist analog zur Fig. 4b, e und im allgemeinen übertragbar auf die Fig. 4a, c, d die beispielsweise Geome¬ trie eines Schneidzahnes 6 dargestellt, wobei die Zerkleinerungskanten 6.2 als die zwischen der vorderen Zahnflanke 6.1 und den Stirnseiten 6.6 liegenden Kanten, welche gegen die Zerkleinerungskanten 6.2 des Schneidzahnes 6 der gegenüberliegenden Rotorscheibe 5 arbei¬ ten und die Zerkleinerungskante 6.3 als die zwischen dem Zahnkopf 6.4 und der vorderen Zahnflanke 6.1 liegende Kante, welche gegen den Distanzring arbeitet, definiert sind. Des weiteren sind mit 6.7 die zwischen den Teilflächen 6.5 der vorderen Zahnflanke 6.1 und den Stirnseiten 6.6 liegenden Winkel bezeichnet, die im Falle der Ausführungen gemäß den Fig. 2, 4a, b, e etwa oder genau 90 ° betragen, wobei eine geringe Unterschreitung, wie z.B. 89 °, unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen vorteilhaft sein kann.The effect of using the embodiments and arrangements required for the respective comminution process in a replaceable and adaptable manner is typical. 2 and 4a, b, c, d, e, the surfaces of the front tooth flanks 6.1 of the cutting teeth are finally designed in such a way that geometrically offset and / or angled partial surfaces, in order to further increase and support the availability of the rotor shears 6.5 arise, which lead to a gradual shredding and an optimal effect of the shredding edges 6.2, 6.3 and partial surfaces 6.5 involved in the shredding process. The cutting teeth 6 can then be used with the proposed geometries, which are matched to the mixture of materials to be shredded. In FIG. 2, analogously to FIG. 4b, e and generally transferable to FIGS. 4a, c, d, the geometry of a cutting tooth 6, for example, is shown, the crushing edges 6.2 being those between the front tooth flank 6.1 and the end faces 6.6 lying edges, which work against the shredding edges 6.2 of the cutting tooth 6 of the opposite rotor disk 5 and the shredding edge 6.3 are defined as the edge lying between the tooth head 6.4 and the front tooth flank 6.1, which works against the spacer ring. Furthermore, the angles 6.7 between the partial surfaces 6.5 of the front tooth flank 6.1 and the end faces 6.6 are designated, which in the case of the embodiments according to FIGS. 2, 4a, b, e are approximately or exactly 90 °, a slight drop below such as 89 °, can be advantageous under certain conditions.
ERSATZBLATT Alle Ausführungen gemäß den Fig. 2, Fig. 4a-e werden dem Grundprinzip des Erfindungsge¬ dankens gerecht und ermöglichen nach Anspruch 32 einen auf den jeweiligen Zerkleinerungs¬ prozeß abgestimmten Einsatz verschiedener Schneidzähne 6. Die Grundfunktionen Bre¬ chen Schneiden werden kombiniert und stufenweise zur Wirkung gebracht, wobei unter Bezugnahme auf die Ansprüche 30 bzw. 31 nach Fig. 4c die brechende oder nach Fig. 4d die schneidende Funktion jeweils im Vordergrund steht. Durch die Ausführung des Schneidzah¬ nes 6 mit der eingezogenen vorderen Zahnflanke 6.1 und dem Rücksprung nach dem Zahn¬ kopf 6.4 auf der nicht bezeichneten hinteren Zahnflanke verbleibt auch nach einem eventuel¬ len Bruch des Zahnes infolge der vorliegenden Querschnittsverhältnisse vorteilhaft ein wirk¬ samer Rest-Schneidzahn. Dem Sinn des Erfindungsgedankens entspricht die besondere Aus¬ führung nach Fig. 4e, die es ermöglicht, eine Baueinheit aus mindestens zwei Rotorscheiben 5 und versetzten Schneidzähnen 6 zu schaffen. Nach einem Verschleiß der äußeren Zerkleine¬ rungskanten 6.2, 6.3 können weiterhin vorteilhaft die Rotorscheiben 5 mit den Stirnseiten 6.6 der verschlissenen Zerkleinerungskanten 6.2, 6.3 zusammengesetzt und erneut eingesetzt wer¬ den. Auch sind mit zusammengesetzten Rotorscheiben 5 erforderliche dickere Ausführungen universell und einfach für einen entsprechenden Zerkleinerungsprozeß herstellbar.REPLACEMENT LEAF 2, 4a-e do justice to the basic principle of the inventive concept and, according to claim 32, enable the use of different cutting teeth 6 which is matched to the respective comminution process. The basic functions of cutting teeth are combined and gradually to Effect brought, with reference to claims 30 and 31 of Fig. 4c, the refractive or the cutting function according to Fig. 4d is in the foreground. Due to the design of the cutting tooth 6 with the drawn-in front tooth flank 6.1 and the return to the tooth head 6.4 on the rear tooth flank (not shown), even after a possible breakage of the tooth due to the present cross-sectional conditions, an effective residual remains advantageously Cutting tooth. 4e, which makes it possible to create a structural unit from at least two rotor disks 5 and offset cutting teeth 6. After wear of the outer crushing edges 6.2, 6.3, the rotor disks 5 can advantageously be assembled with the end faces 6.6 of the worn crushing edges 6.2, 6.3 and used again. With assembled rotor disks 5, thicker versions required can also be produced universally and easily for a corresponding comminution process.
Gewerbliche AnwendbarkeitIndustrial applicability
Mit diesem Ausführungsbeispiel und den verschiedenen Ausführungsformen ist eine Rotor¬ schere beschrieben, welche optimal auf die Materialarten, die zu zerkleinern sind, einstellbar ist. Im Sinne des eingangs dargestellten Problems, der Aufgabenstellung, der Lösungsmerk¬ male und der aufgezeigten Wirkungen sind andere Ausführungsbeispiele möglich, die insbe¬ sondere das funktionelle Zusammenwirken der erfindungsgemäßen Einzelmerkmale zurWith this embodiment and the various embodiments, a rotor shear is described which can be optimally adjusted to the types of material that are to be shredded. In the sense of the problem described at the outset, the task, the solution features and the effects shown, other exemplary embodiments are possible, in particular the functional interaction of the individual features according to the invention
ERSATZBLATT Erhöhung der Verfügbarkeit einer Rotorschere realisieren, wie Kopplung der Verschlei߬ scheibe 7 mit einer äußeren Rotorscheibe 5, Zuordnung von Abstütz-/ Abstreifeinrichtungen 8 zum Schneidrotor 2 und geometrisch abgesetzte und/oder abgewinkelte Teilflächen 6.5 der vorderen Zahnflanke 6.1 der auf den Rotorscheiben 5 befindlichen Schneidzähne 6.REPLACEMENT LEAF Increase the availability of rotor shears, such as coupling the wear disc 7 to an outer rotor disc 5, assigning support / stripping devices 8 to the cutting rotor 2 and geometrically offset and / or angled partial surfaces 6.5 of the front tooth flank 6.1 of the cutting teeth located on the rotor discs 5 6.
ERSATZBLATT BezugszeichenlisteREPLACEMENT LEAF Reference list
1 = Gehäuse1 = housing
1.1 = Rückwand1.1 = back wall
1.2 = Stirnwand 1.3 = Trennwand1.2 = end wall 1.3 = partition
2 = Schneidrotor2 = cutting rotor
3 = Welle3 = wave
3.1= Sektor zwischen unterem "Totpunkt" und horizontaler Symmetrielinie3.1 = Sector between bottom "dead center" and horizontal line of symmetry
4 = Distanzring4 = spacer ring
4.1 = äußerer Distanzring4.1 = outer spacer ring
5 = Rotorscheibe5 = rotor disk
6 = Schneidzahn 6.1 = vordere Zahnflanke6 = cutting tooth 6.1 = front tooth flank
6.2 = Zerkleinerungskante zwischen vorderer Zahnflanke (6.1) und Stirnseite (6.6)6.2 = shredding edge between the front tooth flank (6.1) and the end face (6.6)
6.3 = Zerkleinerungkante zwischen Zahnkopf (6.4) und vorderer Zahnflanke (6.1)6.3 = shredding edge between tooth tip (6.4) and front tooth flank (6.1)
6.4 = Zahnkopf6.4 = tooth head
6.5 = Teilfläche der vorderen Zahnflanke6.5 = partial area of the front tooth flank
6.6 = Stirnseite6.6 = front side
6.7 = Winkel zwischen Teilfläche (6.5) der vorderen Zahnflanke (6.1) und Stirnseite (6.6)6.7 = angle between partial surface (6.5) of the front tooth flank (6.1) and end face (6.6)
7 = Verschleißscheibe7 = wear washer
8 = Absrütz-/Abstreifeinrichtung 8.1= Abstützteil8 = scraper / scraper 8.1 = support part
8.2 = Abstreifteil8.2 = scraper part
8.3 = zusätzliches Abstreifteil8.3 = additional scraper part
ERSATZBLATT REPLACEMENT LEAF
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4423424A DE4423424C2 (en) | 1994-07-06 | 1994-07-06 | Rotor shears for crushing particularly bulky waste |
| DE4423424 | 1994-07-06 | ||
| PCT/DE1995/000833 WO1996001149A1 (en) | 1994-07-06 | 1995-06-30 | Rotor cutter for cutting up waste, in particular bulky items |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0768920A1 true EP0768920A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 |
| EP0768920B1 EP0768920B1 (en) | 2000-08-02 |
Family
ID=6522226
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95924833A Expired - Lifetime EP0768920B1 (en) | 1994-07-06 | 1995-06-30 | Rotor cutter for cutting up waste, in particular bulky items |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6024312A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0768920B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10504759A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR970704520A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE195080T1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ291517B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4423424C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0768920T3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU220979B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2140822C1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK283116B6 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996001149A1 (en) |
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| RU2470776C2 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2012-12-27 | Абакар Ахмедпашаевич Акаев | Activator and method of its application |
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| US6513740B2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2003-02-04 | Ming-Hui Ho | Blade of a paper shredder |
| RU2183992C1 (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2002-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Основание" | Grinder |
| US7520457B1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2009-04-21 | Brian Poitras | Automated composting system |
| DE10353188B4 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2020-01-30 | Hermann Schwelling | Device for crushing empty containers |
| DE102004052969B4 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2007-01-11 | Metso Lindemann Gmbh | Method for controlling the process of a crusher for material of any kind |
| EP1699561A1 (en) * | 2003-11-08 | 2006-09-13 | MMD DESIGN & CONSULTANCY LIMITED | A drum construction for a mineral breaker |
| US20080121340A1 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-29 | Meng-Chieh Lin | Foam imprinting method |
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| DE202010010662U1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2011-11-09 | Hugo Vogelsang Maschinenbau Gmbh | Two-shaft shredder with exchangeable cutting blade set |
| EP2846918B1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2020-01-22 | Erdmann GmbH & Co. Kg | Disintegrating machine |
| DE102013112224A1 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-21 | Erdmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Shredding machine kit, as well as method for converting a rotary shear into a rotor ripper or rotor ripper in a rotary shear |
| US10864523B2 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2020-12-15 | Eco Green Equipment, Llc | Shredder blade assembly |
| CN104760069B (en) * | 2015-03-28 | 2016-08-17 | 王彬 | A kind of Kelp shredder cutter |
| WO2017012623A1 (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-26 | Plastix A/S | An apparatus and a method for the comminution of fishing nets |
| CN105665094A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏华海钢结构有限公司 | Plastic plate crushing machine |
| CN106000580B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2019-01-04 | 长沙万荣粉体设备科技有限公司 | A kind of collar vortex mill |
| CN106076538B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2019-02-12 | 成都易顺通环保科技有限公司 | Solid waste and domestic waste pipeline transportation ground bulky processing device and control method thereof |
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| IT201900012468A1 (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2021-01-22 | Zato S R L | SHREDDING DEVICE FOR CRUSHING SCRAP. |
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- 1995-06-30 RU RU97102104A patent/RU2140822C1/en active
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| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9601149A1 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002040169A1 (en) | 2000-11-15 | 2002-05-23 | Svedala Lindemann Gmbh | Method and installation for grinding waste |
| RU2470776C2 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2012-12-27 | Абакар Ахмедпашаевич Акаев | Activator and method of its application |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59508614D1 (en) | 2000-09-07 |
| ATE195080T1 (en) | 2000-08-15 |
| WO1996001149A1 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
| US6024312A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
| JPH10504759A (en) | 1998-05-12 |
| CZ291517B6 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
| EP0768920B1 (en) | 2000-08-02 |
| DK0768920T3 (en) | 2000-12-04 |
| HU9700021D0 (en) | 1997-02-28 |
| SK283116B6 (en) | 2003-02-04 |
| CZ1897A3 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
| DE4423424C2 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
| DE4423424A1 (en) | 1996-02-08 |
| HU220979B1 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
| KR970704520A (en) | 1997-09-06 |
| SK1497A3 (en) | 1997-07-09 |
| HUT76912A (en) | 1997-12-29 |
| RU2140822C1 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
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