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EP0616065B1 - Double knitware - Google Patents

Double knitware Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0616065B1
EP0616065B1 EP94103516A EP94103516A EP0616065B1 EP 0616065 B1 EP0616065 B1 EP 0616065B1 EP 94103516 A EP94103516 A EP 94103516A EP 94103516 A EP94103516 A EP 94103516A EP 0616065 B1 EP0616065 B1 EP 0616065B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spacer
knit
monofilaments
textile
texturized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94103516A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0616065A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Baier
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0616065A1 publication Critical patent/EP0616065A1/en
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Publication of EP0616065B1 publication Critical patent/EP0616065B1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/12—Vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a textile spacer fabric with two outer knitted webs and an intermediate spacer structure, preferably for upholstery and cladding purposes, with a particularly advantageous combination of recess behavior, textile surface grip and formability.
  • Spacer fabrics are known and have already been used for the upholstery of seating furniture and clothing and as a base for sick beds.
  • a spacer fabric is known from German utility model G 90 16 062, which has improved dimensional stability and permanent recess properties. This goal is achieved there in that the spacing structure consists of web-connecting stitches made of monofilament elastic threads, which are alternately meshed with a knitted web.
  • the monofilaments that form the stitches connecting the web surfaces and thus function as spacer threads should have a thickness of 0.08 to 0.14 mm at a web spacing of approximately 7 mm.
  • the springback of the upper knitted web is formed by spacer tapes made of plastic film divided into strips with a thickness of approximately 0.1 mm and a width of 1-3 mm.
  • These spacer tapes should preferably be made from polypropylene.
  • the knitted spacer fabric described below can substantially improve the deformability, the feel of the textile surface and at the same time simplify and reduce the cost of production and facilitate disposal by recycling.
  • the present invention thus relates to a textile spacer fabric with two outer fabric webs and an intermediate spacer structure, which is characterized in that it has a right-right knit structure, that the fiber materials for the fabric webs and for the spacer structure consist of polyester and that it is used as spacer threads contains side by side monofilament and textured multifilament yarns.
  • the right-right active structure also includes its variants, e.g. plated, openwork, ribbed, offset, wave, muzzle, nub or right-right-crossed.
  • a preferred spacer fabric according to the invention has a basis weight of 200 to 2000 g / m 2 , preferably 200 to 1400 g / m 2 and the vertical distance between its two knitted webs is 2 to 50 mm, preferably 2 to 12 mm. Furthermore, a textile spacer fabric according to the invention is preferred in which the Knitted fabrics have a stitch density corresponding to a machine division from E8 to E28, preferably from E16 to E18.
  • a particularly advantageous combination of rebound behavior and textile surface feel and formability results when 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, of the spacer threads monofilaments, and accordingly 70 to 30% by weight, preferably 60 to 40% by weight .-%, the spacer threads are textured multifilament yarns.
  • the arrangement of the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns in the spacing structure can be done in different ways. It is essential that the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns are mixed statistically evenly and distributed over the area of the spacer fabric.
  • An expedient arrangement possibility is that the monofilaments and the textured yarns are integrated next to each other in each row in the spacing structure.
  • a further expedient arrangement possibility is that the monofilaments and the textured yarns alternate in the spacing structure.
  • a special stabilization against lateral displacement and collapse of the two knitted fabrics results when the spacer threads made of monofilaments and textured multifilaments alternate between the stitch chains lying in the longitudinal direction.
  • the spacer construction expediently has a thread density of a total of 20 to 100, preferably 30 to 70 spacer threads per cm 2 .
  • the monofilaments used as spacer threads have expediently a titer from 20 to 150 dtex, preferably from 50 to 110 dtex, the textured multi-parliamentary yarns used as spacer threads are air or false wire textured and expediently have a yarn titer of 50 to 350 dtex and a single titer of 1 to 5 dtex.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate schematically and by way of example two embodiments of the spacer fabric according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a spacer fabric according to the invention in an oblique view with the two outer knitted webs (1) and (1 '), the direction lines (2) and (2') shown in dotted lines, which indicate the position of the wales, and the spacer threads made of monofilaments (3) and textured multifilament yarns (4) running back and forth between the knitted webs (1) and (1 ').
  • the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns are integrated next to each other in each row.
  • Figure 2 shows a section of a spacing knitted fabric according to the invention in an oblique view with the two outer knitted webs (1) and (1 '), the direction lines (2) and (2') shown in dotted lines, which indicate the position of the wales, and the spacer threads made of monofilaments (3) and textured multifilament yarns (4) running back and forth between the knitted webs (1) and (1 '), as well as the spacer threads (5), which are fully drawn for clarification, and which extend between adjacent wales.
  • the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns are alternately incorporated into the knitted fabric in each warp direction and there is transverse stabilization by the threads changing the wales (5).
  • Polyester is used as the base material for the yarns of the two knitted fabrics and for the monofilaments and textured yarns of the spacer construction.
  • polyester material consist predominantly of building blocks which are derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic diols.
  • Common aromatic dicarboxylic acid building blocks are the divalent residues of benzenedicarboxylic acids, especially terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid;
  • Common diols have 2-4 carbon atoms, with ethylene glycol being particularly suitable.
  • Modified polyesters preferably contain at least 85 mol% of ethylene terephthalate units. The remaining 15 mol% then build up from dicarboxylic acid units and glycol units, which act as so-called modifying agents and which allow the person skilled in the art to specifically influence the physical and chemical properties of the filaments produced.
  • dicarboxylic acid units are residues of isophthalic acid or of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as, for example, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid;
  • diol residues with a modifying action are those of longer-chain diols, for example of propanediol or butanediol, of di- or tri-ethylene glycol or, if present in small amounts, of polyglycol with a molecular weight of approximately 500-2000.
  • Polyesters which are particularly preferred are contain at least 95 mol% ethylene terephthalate units, especially those made from unmodified PET.
  • the spacer fabrics according to the invention made from such polyesters, in particular from polyethylene terephthalate, are not easily ignited.
  • the flame retardant effect can be further enhanced by using flame retardant modified polyesters.
  • flame-retardant modified polyesters are known. They contain additions of halogen compounds, in particular bromine compounds, or, which is particularly advantageous, they contain phosphorus compounds which are condensed into the polyester chain.
  • flame-retardant spacer fabrics according to the invention contain monofilaments and yarns made of polyester, which in the chain are components of the formula wherein R is alkylene or polymethylene with 2 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl and R 1 is alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or aralkyl, contained in condensed form.
  • R is alkylene or polymethylene with 2 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl and R 1 is alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or aralkyl, contained in condensed form.
  • ethylene and R 1 are preferably methyl, ethyl, phenyl, or o-, m- or p-methylphenyl, in particular methyl.
  • the polyesters contained in the spacer fabrics according to the invention expediently have a molecular weight corresponding to an intrinsic viscosity (IV), measured in a solution of 1 g of polymer in 100 ml of dichloroacetic acid at 25 ° C., from 0.5 to 1.4.
  • IV intrinsic viscosity
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for producing the spacer fabric described above, in which a double-web warp knitted fabric is produced on the two needle bars of a warp knitting machine, in which the spacer threads are alternately guided back and forth between the two knitted webs and are knitted in each web , which is characterized in that the laying is controlled so that a right-right structure is knitted in each of the webs, and the perforated needles for the spacer threads are supplied partly with monofilaments, partly with textured multifilament yarns and with all processed fiber materials made of polyester consist.
  • the laying is carried out in such a way that 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, of the spacer threads are monofilaments, the rest are textured multifilament yarns.
  • the spacer fabric according to the invention has a very good deformability, a pleasant feel of the textile surface and can be disposed of by recycling without any problems. It can therefore be used with particular advantage for upholstering and cladding interiors, such as car interior linings or, especially if a flame-retardant modified polyester is used to manufacture the multifilament yarns and monofilaments, from airframes, express train compartments or public facilities.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein textiles Abstandsgewirke mit zwei außenliegenden Gewirkebahnen und einer dazwischenliegenden Abstandsstruktur, bevorzugt für Polster- und Verkleidungszwecke, mit einer besonders vorteilhaften Kombination von Rücksprungverhalten, textilem Oberflächengriff und Formbarkeit.The present invention relates to a textile spacer fabric with two outer knitted webs and an intermediate spacer structure, preferably for upholstery and cladding purposes, with a particularly advantageous combination of recess behavior, textile surface grip and formability.

Abstandsgewirke sind bekannt und bereits für die Unterpolsterung von Sitzmöbeln und von Kleidungsstücken sowie als Unterlage für Krankenbetten eingesetzt worden. Aus dem Deutschen Gebrauchsmuster G 90 16 062 ist ein textiles Abstandsgewirke bekannt, das eine verbesserte Formstabilität und bleibende Rücksprungeigenschaften hat. Dieses Ziel wird dort dadurch erreicht, daß die Abstandsstruktur aus bahnflächenverbindenden Maschen aus monofilen elastischen Fäden besteht, die abwechselnd mit je einer Gewirkebahn vermascht sind. Die Monofilamente, die die bahnflächenverbindenden Maschen bilden und damit als Abstandhalterfäden fungieren, sollen bei einem Bahnabstand von ca. 7mm eine Stärke von 0,08 bis 0,14 mm aufweisen.
Auch bei der aus der DE-C-28 51 348 bekannten doppelflächigen Kettenwirkware kam es darauf an, eine für Bettunterlagen geeignete federnd weiche Fläche zu schaffen. Diese Aufgabe wurde dort in der Weise gelöst, daß die Rückfederung der oberen Gewirkebahn durch Abstandhalter-Bändchen aus in Streifen geteilter Kunststoffolie einer Dicke von ca. 0,1 mm und einer Breite von 1-3 mm gebildet wird. Vorzugsweise sollen diese Abstandhalter-Bändchen aus Polypropylen gefertigt werden.Spacer fabrics are known and have already been used for the upholstery of seating furniture and clothing and as a base for sick beds. A spacer fabric is known from German utility model G 90 16 062, which has improved dimensional stability and permanent recess properties. This goal is achieved there in that the spacing structure consists of web-connecting stitches made of monofilament elastic threads, which are alternately meshed with a knitted web. The monofilaments that form the stitches connecting the web surfaces and thus function as spacer threads should have a thickness of 0.08 to 0.14 mm at a web spacing of approximately 7 mm.
Even with the double-surface warp knitted fabric known from DE-C-28 51 348, it was important to create a resiliently soft surface suitable for bed pads. This object was achieved in such a way that the springback of the upper knitted web is formed by spacer tapes made of plastic film divided into strips with a thickness of approximately 0.1 mm and a width of 1-3 mm. These spacer tapes should preferably be made from polypropylene.

Den bekannten Konstruktionen haften aber noch Mängel an, die einem Einsatz in vergrößertem Umfang im Wege stehen. Einer der limitierenden Faktoren ist das Erfordernis, für die Abstandhalter Folienbändchen oder Monofilamente einzusetzen. Diese Materialien werden nicht in so großem Umfang gefertigt, wie textile Synthesefasern. Ihre Herstellung und Weiterverarbeitung ist aufgrund der ihnen eigenen Steifheit technisch aufwendig und damit auch teuer. Das Einwirken derartiger steifer fadenförmigen Materialien in textile Gewirke bringt Probleme mit sich, die umso größer werden, je höher der Anteil dieser Materialien an dem gesamten Textilerzeugnis ist.
Eine weitere Eigenschaft dieser bekannten Materialien, die bei verschiedenen Anwendungen als gravierender Nachteil gilt, ist die Griffhärte der textilen Oberflächen, die als kalt und ungemütlich empfunden wird und schließlich die verringerte Verformbarkeit, die eine Anpassung der Doppelgewirke an dreidimensionale Strukturen erschwert und damit deren Einsatz für Verkleidungszwecke einschränkt. Schließlich ist die Verwendung von unterschiedlichen Grundstoffen für die Garne der Gewirkebahnen und für die Abstandsstruktur, z.B. Polyamidgarne für die Gewirkebahn und Polypropylen-Abstandshalter, von erheblichem Nachteil für die Entsorgung dieser Materialien.However, the known constructions still have shortcomings that prevent them from being used on an enlarged scale. One of the limiting factors is the need to use ribbon or monofilament for the spacers. These materials are not manufactured to such a large extent as textile synthetic fibers. Their manufacture and further processing is technically complex due to their inherent rigidity and therefore also expensive. The action of such stiff thread-like materials in knitted fabrics brings with it problems which become greater the higher the proportion of these materials in the total Textile product is.
Another property of these known materials, which is considered a serious disadvantage in various applications, is the hardness of the handle of the textile surfaces, which is felt to be cold and uncomfortable, and finally the reduced deformability, which makes it difficult to adapt the double knitted fabrics to three-dimensional structures and thus their use for Restrictions for cladding. Finally, the use of different raw materials for the yarns of the knitted fabrics and for the spacing structure, for example polyamide yarns for the knitted fabric and polypropylene spacers, is a considerable disadvantage for the disposal of these materials.

Es wurde nun überraschend gefunden, daß man durch das im Folgenden beschriebene Abstandsgewirke eine wesentliche Verbesserung der Verformbarkeit, der Haptik der textilen Oberfläche und dabei gleichzeitig eine Vereinfachung und Verbilligung der Herstellung und eine Erleichterung der Entsorgung durch Recyclisierung erzielen kann.It has now surprisingly been found that the knitted spacer fabric described below can substantially improve the deformability, the feel of the textile surface and at the same time simplify and reduce the cost of production and facilitate disposal by recycling.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft somit ein textiles Abstandsgewirke mit zwei außenliegenden Gewirkebahnen und einer dazwischenliegenden Abstandsstruktur, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es eine Rechts-Rechts-Wirkstruktur hat, daß die Fasermaterialien für die Gewirkebahnen und für die Abstandsstruktur aus Polyester bestehen und daß es als Abstandshalterfäden nebeneinander Monofile und texturierte Multifilamentgarne enthält.The present invention thus relates to a textile spacer fabric with two outer fabric webs and an intermediate spacer structure, which is characterized in that it has a right-right knit structure, that the fiber materials for the fabric webs and for the spacer structure consist of polyester and that it is used as spacer threads contains side by side monofilament and textured multifilament yarns.

Die Rechts-Rechts-Wirkstruktur beinhaltet auch deren Varianten, wie z.B. plattiert, durchbrochen, gerippt, versetzt, Welle, Fang, Noppe oder Rechts-Rechts-Gekreuzt.The right-right active structure also includes its variants, e.g. plated, openwork, ribbed, offset, wave, muzzle, nub or right-right-crossed.

Ein bevorzugtes erfindungsgemäßes textiles Abstandsgewirke hat ein Flächengewicht von 200 bis 2000 g/m2, vorzugsweise von 200 bis 1400 g/m2 und der senkrechte Abstand seiner beiden Gewirkebahnen beträgt 2 bis 50 mm, vorzugsweise 2 bis 12 mm.
Weiterhin ist ein erfindungsgemäßes textiles Abstandsgewirke bevorzugt, in dem die Gewirkebahnen eine Maschendichte entsprechend einer Maschinenteilung von E8 bis E28, vorzugsweise von E16 bis E18, aufweisen.A preferred spacer fabric according to the invention has a basis weight of 200 to 2000 g / m 2 , preferably 200 to 1400 g / m 2 and the vertical distance between its two knitted webs is 2 to 50 mm, preferably 2 to 12 mm.
Furthermore, a textile spacer fabric according to the invention is preferred in which the Knitted fabrics have a stitch density corresponding to a machine division from E8 to E28, preferably from E16 to E18.

Ausschlaggebend für die erheblich verbesserte Formbarkeit und die angenehmere Haptik, aber auch für die insgesamt einfachere Erzeugung und Verbilligung des Materials ist die Mitverwendung von texturierten Multifilamentfäden in der Abstandskonstruktion.The decisive factor for the significantly improved formability and the pleasant feel, but also for the overall simpler production and cheaper material is the use of textured multifilament threads in the spacer construction.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Kombination von Rücksprungverhalten und textilem Oberflächengriff und Formbarkeit ergibt sich wenn 30 bis 70 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 40 bis 60 Gew.-%, der Abstandshalterfäden Monofilamente, und dementsprechend 70 bis 30 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 60 bis 40 Gew.-%, der Abstandshalterfäden texturierte Multifilamentgarne sind.A particularly advantageous combination of rebound behavior and textile surface feel and formability results when 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, of the spacer threads monofilaments, and accordingly 70 to 30% by weight, preferably 60 to 40% by weight .-%, the spacer threads are textured multifilament yarns.

Die Anordnung der Monofilamente und der texturierten Multifilamentgarne in der Abstandsstruktur kann in unterschiedlicher Weise erfolgen. Wesentlich ist, das die Monofilamente und die texturierten Multifilamentgarne statistisch gleichmäßig gemischt und über die Fläche des Abstandsgewirkes verteilt sind.
Eine zweckmäßige Anordnungsmöglichkeit besteht darin, daß in der Abstandsstruktur die Monofilamente und die texturierten Garne nebeneinander in jeder Reihe eingebunden sind.
Eine weitere zweckmäßige Anordnungsmöglichkeit besteht darin, daß in der Abstandsstruktur die Monofilamente und die texturierten Garne alternierend aufeinander folgen.
Eine besondere Stabilisierung gegen seitliches Verschieben und Zusammenfallen der beiden Gewirkebahnen ergibt sich, wenn die Abstandshalterfäden aus Monofilamenten und texturierten Multifilamenten zwischen den in Längrichtung liegenden Maschenketten wechseln.
Zweckmäßigerweise hat die Abstandskonstruktion eine Fadendichte von insgesamt 20 bis 100, vorzugsweise 30 bis 70 Abstandshalterfäden pro cm2.The arrangement of the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns in the spacing structure can be done in different ways. It is essential that the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns are mixed statistically evenly and distributed over the area of the spacer fabric.
An expedient arrangement possibility is that the monofilaments and the textured yarns are integrated next to each other in each row in the spacing structure.
A further expedient arrangement possibility is that the monofilaments and the textured yarns alternate in the spacing structure.
A special stabilization against lateral displacement and collapse of the two knitted fabrics results when the spacer threads made of monofilaments and textured multifilaments alternate between the stitch chains lying in the longitudinal direction.
The spacer construction expediently has a thread density of a total of 20 to 100, preferably 30 to 70 spacer threads per cm 2 .

Die als Abstandshalterfäden eingesetzten Monofilamente haben zweckmäßigerweise einen Titer von 20 bis 150 dtex, vorzugsweise von 50 bis 110 dtex, die als Abstandshalterfäden eingesetzten texturierten Multiflamentgarne sind luft- oder falschdrahttexturiert und haben zweckmäßigerweise einen Garntiter von 50 bis 350 dtex und einem Einzeltiter von 1 bis 5 dtex.The monofilaments used as spacer threads have expediently a titer from 20 to 150 dtex, preferably from 50 to 110 dtex, the textured multi-parliamentary yarns used as spacer threads are air or false wire textured and expediently have a yarn titer of 50 to 350 dtex and a single titer of 1 to 5 dtex.

Die Figuren 1 und 2 veranschaulichen schematisch und beispielhaft zwei Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Abstandsgewirkes.
Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Abstandsgewirke in schräger Aufsicht mit den beiden außenliegenden Gewirkebahnen (1) und (1'), den auf diesen gepunktet eingezeichneten Richtungslinien (2) und (2'), die die Lage der Maschenstäbchen andeuten, und den zwischen den Gewirkebahnen (1) und (1') hin und her laufenden Abstandsfäden aus Monofilamenten (3) und texturierten Multifilamentgarnen (4). In diesem Beispiel sind die Monofilamente und die texturierten Multifilamentgarne nebeneinander in jeder Reihe eingebunden.Figures 1 and 2 illustrate schematically and by way of example two embodiments of the spacer fabric according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows a section of a spacer fabric according to the invention in an oblique view with the two outer knitted webs (1) and (1 '), the direction lines (2) and (2') shown in dotted lines, which indicate the position of the wales, and the spacer threads made of monofilaments (3) and textured multifilament yarns (4) running back and forth between the knitted webs (1) and (1 '). In this example, the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns are integrated next to each other in each row.

Die Figur 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Abstanstandsgewirke in schräger Aufsicht mit den beiden außenliegenden Gewirkebahnen (1) und (1'), den auf diesen gepunktet eingezeichneten Richtungslinien (2) und (2'), die die Lage der Maschenstäbchen andeuten, und den zwischen den Gewirkebahnen (1) und (1') hin und her laufenden Abstandsfäden aus Monofilamenten (3) und texturierten Multifilamentgarnen (4), sowie die zur Verdeutlichung voll gezeichneten Abstandshalterfäden (5), die sich zwischen nebeneinander liegenden Maschenstäbchen erstrecken. In diesem Beispiel sind die Monofilamente und die texturierten Multifilamentgarne in jeder Kettrichtung alternierend in das Gewirke eingebunden und es erfolgt eine Querstabilisierung durch die das Maschenstäbchen wechselnden Fäden (5).Figure 2 shows a section of a spacing knitted fabric according to the invention in an oblique view with the two outer knitted webs (1) and (1 '), the direction lines (2) and (2') shown in dotted lines, which indicate the position of the wales, and the spacer threads made of monofilaments (3) and textured multifilament yarns (4) running back and forth between the knitted webs (1) and (1 '), as well as the spacer threads (5), which are fully drawn for clarification, and which extend between adjacent wales. In this example, the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns are alternately incorporated into the knitted fabric in each warp direction and there is transverse stabilization by the threads changing the wales (5).

Als Grundstoff für die Garne der beiden Gewirkebahnen und für die Monofilamente und texturierten Garne der Abstandskonstruktion werden Polyester eingesetzt.Polyester is used as the base material for the yarns of the two knitted fabrics and for the monofilaments and textured yarns of the spacer construction.

Als Polyestermaterial kommen im Prinzip alle zur Faserherstellung geeigneten bekannten Typen in Betracht. Derartige Polyester bestehen überwiegend aus Bausteinen, die sich von aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren und von aliphatischen Diolen ableiten. Gängige aromatische Dicarbonsäurebausteine sind die zweiwertigen Reste von Benzoldicarbonsäuren, insbesondere der Terephthalsäure und der Isophthalsäure; gängige Diole haben 2-4 C-Atome, wobei das Ethylenglycol besonders geeignet ist. Vorzugsweise enthalten modifizierte Polyester mindestens 85 mol% Ethylenterephthalat-Einheiten. Die restlichen 15 mol% bauen sich dann aus Dicarbonsäureeinheiten und Glycoleinheiten auf, die als sogenannte Modifizierungsmittel wirken und die es dem Fachmann gestatten, die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der hergestellten Filamente gezielt zu beeinflussen. Beispiele für solche Dicarbonsäureeinheiten sind Reste der Isophthalsäure oder von aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure wie z.B. Glutarsäure, Adipinsäure, Sebazinsäure; Beispiele für modifizierend wirkende Diolreste sind solche von längerkettigen Diolen, z.B. von Propandiol oder Butandiol, von Di- oder Tri-ethylenglycol oder, sofern in geringer Menge vorhanden, von Polyglycol mit einem Molgewicht von ca. 500 - 2000. Besonders bevorzugt sind Polyester, die mindesten 95 mol% Ethylenterephthalat-Einheiten enthalten, insbesondere solche aus unmodifiziertem PET.In principle, all suitable materials for fiber production come as polyester material known types into consideration. Such polyesters consist predominantly of building blocks which are derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic diols. Common aromatic dicarboxylic acid building blocks are the divalent residues of benzenedicarboxylic acids, especially terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid; Common diols have 2-4 carbon atoms, with ethylene glycol being particularly suitable. Modified polyesters preferably contain at least 85 mol% of ethylene terephthalate units. The remaining 15 mol% then build up from dicarboxylic acid units and glycol units, which act as so-called modifying agents and which allow the person skilled in the art to specifically influence the physical and chemical properties of the filaments produced. Examples of such dicarboxylic acid units are residues of isophthalic acid or of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as, for example, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid; Examples of diol residues with a modifying action are those of longer-chain diols, for example of propanediol or butanediol, of di- or tri-ethylene glycol or, if present in small amounts, of polyglycol with a molecular weight of approximately 500-2000. Polyesters which are particularly preferred are contain at least 95 mol% ethylene terephthalate units, especially those made from unmodified PET.

Die erfindungsgemäßen, aus derartigen Polyestern, insbesondere aus Polyethylenterephthalat, hergestellten Abstandsgewirke sind nicht leicht zu entflammen.
Die flammhemmende Wirkung kann noch verstärkt werden durch den Einsatz von flammhemmend modifizierten Polyestern. Derartige flammhemmend modifizierten Polyester sind bekannt. Sie enthalten Zusätze von Halogenverbindungen, insbesondere Bromverbindungen, oder, was besonders vorteilhaft ist, sie enthalten Phosphorverbindungen, die in die Polyesterkette einkondensiert sind. Besonders bevorzugte, flammhemmende erfindungsgemäße Abstandsgewirke enthalten Monofilamente und Garne aus Polyestern, die in der Kette Baugruppen der Formel

Figure imgb0001
worin R Alkylen oder Polymethylen mit 2 bis 6 C-Atomen oder Phenyl und R1 Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 C-Atomen, Aryl oder Aralkyl bedeutet, einkondensiert enthalten.
Vorzugsweise bedeuten in der Formel I R Ethylen und R1 Methyl, Ethyl, Phenyl, oder o-, m- oder p-Methyl-phenyl, insbesondere Methyl.The spacer fabrics according to the invention, made from such polyesters, in particular from polyethylene terephthalate, are not easily ignited.
The flame retardant effect can be further enhanced by using flame retardant modified polyesters. Such flame-retardant modified polyesters are known. They contain additions of halogen compounds, in particular bromine compounds, or, which is particularly advantageous, they contain phosphorus compounds which are condensed into the polyester chain. Particularly preferred, flame-retardant spacer fabrics according to the invention contain monofilaments and yarns made of polyester, which in the chain are components of the formula
Figure imgb0001
 wherein R is alkylene or polymethylene with 2 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl and R 1 is alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or aralkyl, contained in condensed form.
In the formula IR, ethylene and R 1 are preferably methyl, ethyl, phenyl, or o-, m- or p-methylphenyl, in particular methyl.

Die in den erfindungsgemäßen Abstandsgewirken enthaltenen Polyester haben zweckmäßigerweise ein Molekulargewicht entsprechend einer intrinsischen Viskosität (IV), gemessen in einer Lösung von 1g Polymer in 100 ml Dichloressigsäure bei 25°C, von 0,5 bis 1,4.The polyesters contained in the spacer fabrics according to the invention expediently have a molecular weight corresponding to an intrinsic viscosity (IV), measured in a solution of 1 g of polymer in 100 ml of dichloroacetic acid at 25 ° C., from 0.5 to 1.4.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des oben beschriebenen Abstandsgewirkes, bei dem auf den beiden Nadelbarren einer Kettenwirkmaschine eine doppelbahnige Ketten-Wirkware hergestellt wird, bei der die Abstandhalterfäden alternierend zwischen den beiden Gewirkebahnen hin und her geführt und in jeder Bahn vermascht werden, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß man die Legung so steuert, daß in jeder der Bahnen eine Rechts-Rechts-Struktur gewirkt wird, und wobei den Lochnadeln für die Abstandshalterfäden teils Monofilamente, teils texturierte Multifilamentgarne zugeführt werden und daß alle verarbeiteten Fasermaterialien aus Polyester bestehen.
Entsprechend der oben beschriebenen bevorzugten Zusammensetzung der Abstandsstruktur ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Legung so erfolgt, daß 30 bis 70 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 40 bis 60 Gew.-%, der Abstandshalterfäden Monofilamente, der Rest texturierte Multifilamentgarne sind.
Je nach der angestrebten, oben beschriebenen Anordnung der Monofilamente und der texturierten Multifilamentgarne in der Abstandsstruktur ist es ferner zweckmäßig, die Legung so zu steuern, daß Abstandshalterfäden aus Monofilamenten und texturierten Multifilamenten in Längrichtung nebeneinander liegende Reihen bilden, oder daß Abstandshalterfäden aus Monofilamenten und texturierten Multifilamenten in Längrichtung gesehen, alternierend aufeinander folgen.Another object of the present invention is a method for producing the spacer fabric described above, in which a double-web warp knitted fabric is produced on the two needle bars of a warp knitting machine, in which the spacer threads are alternately guided back and forth between the two knitted webs and are knitted in each web , which is characterized in that the laying is controlled so that a right-right structure is knitted in each of the webs, and the perforated needles for the spacer threads are supplied partly with monofilaments, partly with textured multifilament yarns and with all processed fiber materials made of polyester consist.
According to the preferred composition of the spacer structure described above, it is preferred if the laying is carried out in such a way that 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, of the spacer threads are monofilaments, the rest are textured multifilament yarns.
Depending on the desired arrangement of the monofilaments and the textured multifilament yarns in the spacing structure, as described above, it is also expedient to control the laying in such a way that spacer threads made of monofilaments and textured multifilaments form rows lying next to one another in the longitudinal direction, or that spacer threads made of monofilaments and textured multifilaments seen in the longitudinal direction, alternating successively.

Eine besondere Stabilisierung gegen seitliches Verschieben und Zusammenfallen der beiden Gewirkebahnen ergibt sich, wenn man die Legung so steuert, daß Abstandshalterfäden aus Monofilamenten und texturierten Multifilamenten zwischen den in Längrichtung liegenden Maschenketten wechseln.A special stabilization against lateral displacement and collapse of the Both knitted webs result if the laying is controlled in such a way that spacer threads made of monofilaments and textured multifilaments alternate between the stitch chains lying in the longitudinal direction.

Wie oben bereits ausgeführt, hat das erfindungsgemäße Abstandsgewirke eine sehr günstige Verformbarkeit, eine angenehme Haptik der textilen Oberfläche und ist problemlos durch Recyclisierung zu entsorgen.
Es kann daher mit besonderem Vorteil zum Polstern und Verkleiden von Innenräumen, wie z.B. Autoinnenauskleidungen oder, insbesondere wenn zur Herstellung der Multifilamentgarne und Monofilamente ein flammhemmend modifizierter Polyester eingesetzt wird, von Flugzeugzellen, Schnellzugabteilen oder Öffentlichen Einrichtungen eingesetzt werden.As already stated above, the spacer fabric according to the invention has a very good deformability, a pleasant feel of the textile surface and can be disposed of by recycling without any problems.
It can therefore be used with particular advantage for upholstering and cladding interiors, such as car interior linings or, especially if a flame-retardant modified polyester is used to manufacture the multifilament yarns and monofilaments, from airframes, express train compartments or public facilities.

Claims (15)

  1. A textile spacer knit having two outer lengths of knit web (1, 1') and an in-between spacer structure and also a purl structure, characterized in that the fiber materials for the lengths of knit web (1, 1') and for the spacer structure consist of polyester and in that as spacer threads (3, 4, 5) it contains both monofils (3) and texturized multifilament yarns (4).
  2. The textile spacer knit of claim 1, characterized in that 30 to 70 % by weight, preferably 40 to 60 % by weight, of the spacer threads (3) are monofilaments.
  3. The textile spacer knit of at least one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the monofilaments (3) have a linear density of 20 to 150 dtex, preferably of 50 to 110 dtex.
  4. The textile spacer knit of at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the texturized multifilament yarns (4) are air or false twist texturized and have a yarn linear density of 50 to 350 dtex and a filament linear density of 1 to 5 dtex.
  5. The textile spacer knit of claim 1, characterized in that the polyester is polyethylene terephthalate.
  6. The textile spacer knit of at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the perpendicular distance between the lengths of knit web (1, 1') is 2 to 50 mm, preferably 2 to 12 mm.
  7. The textile spacer knit of at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that its basis weight is 200 to 1400 g/m2.
  8. The textile spacer knit of at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the monofilaments (3) and the texturized yarns (4) of the spacer structure are interlaced side by side in every row.
  9. The textile spacer structure of at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the monofilaments (3) and the texturized yarns (4) of the spacer structure alternate.
  10. A process for producing the spacer knit of claim 1 by producing, on the two needle bars of a warp-knitting machine, a double-length warp knit where the spacer threads (3, 4, 5) pass alternatingly forward and backward between the two lengths of knit web (1, 1') and are interlooped in each web so that each of the webs has a purl structure, characterized in that the guide needles for the spacer threads are fed with partly monofilaments (3), partly texturized multifilament yarns (4) and in that all the processed fiber materials consist of polyester.
  11. The process of claim 10, characterized in that the laying is effected in such a way that 30 to 70 % by weight, preferably 40 to 60 % by weight, of the spacer threads are monofilaments (3).
  12. The process of at least one of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the laying is effected in such a way that spacer threads composed of monofilaments (3) and texturized multifilaments (4) form rows extending side by side in the longitudinal direction.
  13. The process of at least one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the laying is effected in such a way that spacer threads composed of monofilaments (3) and texturized multifilaments (4) alternate viewed in the longitudinal direction.
  14. The process of at least one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the laying is effected in such a way that spacer threads composed of monofilaments (3) and texturized multifilaments (4) alternate between the chains of loops extending in the longitudinal direction.
  15. The use of the textile spacer knit of claim 1 for padding, upholstering and lining.
EP94103516A 1993-03-13 1994-03-08 Double knitware Expired - Lifetime EP0616065B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9303742U 1993-03-13
DE9303742 1993-03-13
DE9309374U 1993-06-24
DE9309374U DE9309374U1 (en) 1993-03-13 1993-06-24 Spacer fabrics

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EP0616065A1 EP0616065A1 (en) 1994-09-21
EP0616065B1 true EP0616065B1 (en) 1997-10-22

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ES (1) ES2108893T3 (en)

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GB2299814A (en) * 1995-04-08 1996-10-16 Mothercare Uk Ltd A spacer material, e.g. for a cot mattress cover
DE19531093A1 (en) * 1995-08-24 1997-02-27 Sandler Helmut Helsa Werke Sleeve fish
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DE19755792C2 (en) * 1997-12-16 2001-05-17 Titv Greiz Textile fabric made of several interconnected fabric layers, some of which contain electrically conductive wires / threads
DE19821687B4 (en) * 1998-05-14 2006-03-30 medi Weihermüller & Voigtmann GmbH & Co.KG Three-dimensional spacer knitted fabric
GB2352959A (en) * 1999-08-11 2001-02-14 Design Prot Systems Ltd An article of protective clothing
DE10260694B4 (en) * 2002-11-29 2008-08-07 Textilforschungsinstitut Thüringen-Vogtland e.V. Process for producing longitudinally elastic three-dimensional textile fabrics
DE102006023357A1 (en) * 2006-05-17 2007-11-22 Müller Textil GmbH Spacer fabric for mattress, bed mattress, padding material for vehicle seats, has two parallel fabric layers arranged to each other that are connected with each other through spacer threads that run back and forth between the fabric layers
GB0908789D0 (en) 2009-05-21 2009-07-01 Heathcoat Fabrics Ltd Knitted fabric
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DE59404375D1 (en) 1997-11-27
ES2108893T3 (en) 1998-01-01
EP0616065A1 (en) 1994-09-21

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