EP0640805B1 - Ammunition feeding device for a cannon of an armoured vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

An ammunition (projectile, round) feeding device for an armoured howitzer having a turret (T) which is arranged on a vehicle in the region behind the vehicle centre, can rotate and on which a heavy weapon (25) is arranged such that it can pivot in elevation. An ammunition magazine (23) is arranged in the turret rear (H), and a loading/unloading opening (B), which is accessible from the rear, is arranged in the vehicle rear (H). A guide (2.1) which runs in the transverse direction and on which a carriage (2) is displaceably guided is mounted on the roof plate (D) of the turret (T), between the weapon (25) and the ammunition magazine (23). A downwardly extending supporting arm (1) is attached to the carriage (2), on which supporting arm (1) a loading cradle holder (9) is movably guided, which is fitted with a loading cradle (22). The arrangement is such that the loading cradle (22) can be moved into a position aligned with the barrel boresight (bore axis) of the weapon when the weapon (25) is in at least one elevation position, and into positions in which the rear end of the loading cradle (22) is located immediately in front of the ammunition magazine (23) as well as into a position in which the rear end of the loading cradle (22) is directly adjacent to the front end of a roller track (24) which is arranged in the region of the loading/unloading opening (B). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a projectile feeding device for a self-propelled howitzer with one on one Arrange the vehicle in the area behind the center of the vehicle revolving turret on which a heavy weapon in Elevation is pivotally arranged, being in the tower rear behind the weapon a bullet magazine for recording from essentially horizontal with forward facing Storey point stored storeys and in the rear of the vehicle one accessible from behind Loading / unloading opening are arranged.

Armored howitzers with projectile feeders are known per se. For example, in EP 0 331 980 B1 describes a self-propelled howitzer, at which in the vehicle in the area of the vehicle center in a storey of storeys by means of a from a floor transporter, a transport rail and an existing storey transfer arm Projectile feeding device from the projectile magazine to to be promoted to weapon. The known projectile feeders are relatively expensive to construct assembled and difficult, if necessary, manually operable.

An automatic ammunition handling system is in EP 0 549 190 A2 described that for the transport of Shot from a rear of a main battle tank Storage magazine to one in the back of the Turret of the main battle tank arranged readiness magazine is thought. The two magazines are each trained as revolving band magazines. It is a transport device provided with a Sled on which a bullet from the storage magazine is pushed on and then raised vertically until the projectile is in its final position Standby magazine can be inserted. Around sufficient when the weapon returns after firing To keep free space, it is possible to use the sled in a vertical direction and in one Direction transverse to the weapon axis by a predetermined Move piece.

In EP 0 522 831 A2 there is an automatic loading device described for a tank cannon. At this The weapon is above a rotatable device Tower and the floors are in a drum magazine below the weapon in the turret. It curved guide rails are arranged in the tower, their center of curvature with the shield pin axis the weapon collapses. On the guide rails runs a sled, with the help of which a projectile runs out the drum magazine in a position on the tube core axis the weapon can be driven.

Finally, in DE-A-2 027 586 there is a device described for the automatic loading of cannons at which magazine for bullets and cartridges in the area are arranged behind the weapon. At least it is a first horizontally in one direction across slide that can be moved along the longitudinal axis of the weapon present, the one arranged on an articulated arm Has gripping device, and a second carriage, the horizontally in a through the longitudinal axis of the Gun level is slidable and also has an articulation device and a gripper. The mode of operation is such that, for example a projectile from the gripping device of the first Gripped and then after a movement of the first slide towards the second slide this is handed over. By means of the gripping device the second carriage then becomes the floor of the Gun fed

The invention has for its object a projectile delivery device for a self-propelled howitzer with the beginning to design the specified characteristics that it is structurally very simple, basically easy to operate manually or in an emergency is extremely flexible is, that is, with the help of the projectiles from the bullet magazine to the weapon as well as from outside through the loading / unloading opening to the weapon or to the Storey magazine can be transported. Finally Unloading, i.e. moving the projectiles, is also intended from the storey magazine to the outside in easier Way possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention with the characteristics from the Claim 1. Advantageous further developments of Invention are described in the subclaims.

The basic idea of the invention is in the tower between the storey magazine arranged in the rear of the tower and to arrange the weapon with a simple loading aid, which is essentially from the transverse direction displaceable support arm and the suspended on this support arm, charging cradle that can be moved up and down, with the rear end of the charging cradle in one given position to the front end of a through the loading / unloading opening guided roller conveyor connects. As below based on Embodiments explained in more detail, it is with this "loading aid" very easily possible the floors from the outside via the roller conveyor of the charging cradle feed, with the help of which either the weapon be fed or transported to the storey magazine can be. According to a first, particularly simple constructed embodiment of the invention Projectile feeding device, it is possible to all Movements of the device parts purely manually perform. This simple embodiment too has the great advantage that the heavy projectiles by the operator not inside the vehicle have to be lifted up. When moving up the charging cradle with the projectile on it can, like also explained in more detail below, this provided crank mechanism by a spring balancer be relieved.

However, there are also embodiments as described below the projectile feeding device according to the invention possible, at least one Part of the drive movements is effected by a motor.

Finally, it is possible to use the projectile feeding device according to the invention so that the Load the weapon not only in a defined one Attachment position, but within a larger one Straightening range from 0 to 50 ° elevation, for example can be carried out.

In the projectile feeding device according to the invention the actual attachment process can be done by hand be performed. But it is also more advantageous Way possible, the projectile feeder in combination with an automatic piecer use. The use is particularly advantageous here an automatic piecer, such as the one used in the older, unpublished DE 43 17 639 A1 is described.

The following are based on the attached drawings Embodiments for a projectile feeding device explained in more detail according to the invention.

Fig. 1 in teilweise geschnittener Seitenansicht eine erste Ausführungsform einer Geschoßzuführungsvorrichtung im Heckbereich einer Panzerhaubitze;

Fig. 2 die Geschoßzuführungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 gesehen aus der Richtung X in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 1 eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Geschoßzuführungsvorrichtung in Kombination mit einem automatischen Ansetzer;

Fig. 4 die Geschoßzuführungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 3 in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 1 eine Geschoßzuführungsvorrichtung zur Verwendung in Kombination mit einem Ansetzer und geeignet zum Laden innerhalb eines größeren Richtbereiches;

Fig. 6 die Geschoßzuführungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 5 in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 2.

The drawings show:

1 shows a partially sectioned side view of a first embodiment of a projectile feed device in the rear region of a self-propelled howitzer;

FIG. 2 shows the projectile feed device according to FIG. 1 seen from the direction X in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 in a representation analogous to FIG. 1, a second embodiment of a projectile feed device in combination with an automatic piecer;

FIG. 4 shows the projectile feeding device according to FIG. 3 in a representation analogous to FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 in a representation analogous to FIG. 1, a projectile feed device for use in combination with a piecing device and suitable for loading within a larger directional range;

6 shows the projectile feeding device according to FIG. 5 in a representation analogous to FIG. 2.

The projectile feeding device described in FIGS. 1 and 2 one for a self-propelled howitzer particularly simple embodiment that is complete can be operated manually.

Of the armored howitzer are only the rear area H of the vehicle with the rear opening Loading / unloading opening B and part of the tower T and the pipe end 25 of the rest not shown heavy weapon shown. In the rear of the tower T is a not explained in detail Storey magazine 23 arranged, in which storeys in several rows one above the other horizontally and with the Pointed forward facing. The in Floor magazine 23 storeys are stored in this Position labeled G1.

At the bottom of the roof panel D of the tower T. in the area between the storey magazine 23 and the Gun end 25 transverse to the longitudinal direction of the turret Guide rails 2.1 arranged on which a carriage 2 guided in the transverse direction is. A support arm 1 is suspended on the slide 2, the down essentially vertically through that Interior of the tower T extends through. The support arm 1 is therefore displaceable in the transverse direction. Its handling happens by means of a handle 19 on the a lashing lever 19.1 is arranged. The lashing lever 19.1 is via a Bowden cable 19.2 with a positioning catch 20 connected to a positioning bar 21 can intervene, which is parallel to the guide rails 2.1 is attached to the tower roof D. The support arm 1 can thus after moving in the transverse direction in predetermined positions that determined, for example Storey positions within the storey magazine 23 correspond to be locked.

Linear guides 18 are arranged on the support arm 1 which a charging cradle 11 guided is. The charging cradle receptacle 11 carries a charging cradle 22, which is fixed by means of a charging cradle Pivots in the charging cradle receptacle 11 around a horizontal transverse axis swiveling is stored. The pivot carries a control lever 8, at the end of a guide roller 15 attached is in a guide groove 6 of the support arm 1 is performed. This guide groove 6 shows how Fig. 1 shows a special shape, which ensures that the charging cradle 22 at the next the upward and downward movements explained below a specific one intended for the respective position Angular position in relation to the horizontal occupies. For example, the charging cradle 22 stands in its lowest position at an angle of about 20 ° which, as explained below, on the one hand the attachment position set in this embodiment and on the other hand, the one also specified Load / unload position corresponds. If the charging cradle 22 by moving the charging cradle holder 11 upwards raised, it is over the guide groove 6 and Control lever 8 rotated into a horizontal position.

The lifting of the charging cradle 22 or the charging cradle holder 11 takes place by means of a rotating chain drive 3, on its chain 3.1 the bearing shell holder 11 is attached. By operating a hand crank 4, the chain drive 3 is set in motion and depending on the direction of rotation, the charging cradle 22 upwards or driven down.

To the torque on the hand crank 4 when lifting a projectile arranged in the charging cradle 22 reduce, a spring balancer is arranged on the support arm. The spring balancer has a rope drum 16, which is connected to the upper chain deflection wheel 3.2 is. By a gas spring 17.1, which is in vertical Arranged in the support arm 1 and on its push rod at the lower end that led around the cable drum 16 Rope 17 is attached, the required Compensating torque generated.

At the rear end of the charging cradle 22 is one under spring force swiveling into a locking position Projectile retaining lug 13 arranged in the charging cradle 22 inserted floor G 3 slipping back prevents. The projectile retaining nose 13 can either by a hand lever 13.1 in the unlocked position brought or it will when starting up the charging cradle 22 automatically into the unlocked position brought by one with the projectile holding nose 13 connected release lever 13.2 on a guide rail 7 accumulates. As dashed in Fig. 1 is shown, the projectile retaining nose 13 pivoted downwards so that when approaching the bottom Floor row in the floor magazine 23 a floor G 1 from behind into the charging cradle 22 (floor position G4) can be inserted.

The locking of the charging cradle holder 11 and thus the charging cradle 22 in the various raised Positions in front of the storey magazine 23 happens via a locking roller 14 on the charging cradle fixed pivot the charging cradle 22 is arranged and each in one of the three possible grid positions Actuators 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 snap into place, with which one exact delivery of the storeys from the storey magazine 23 or in the opposite direction is possible.

Shown in solid lines in FIG. 1 lowest position of the charging cradle 22 can, like shown, either storeys G 2 on the roller conveyor 24 can be supplied from the outside or it can be a Projectile G 1 funded from projectile magazine 23 be promoted. To do this in the charging cradle 22 lying floor G 3 to be placed closer to the weapon end 25 is 22 in the charging cradle a shell-like inner charging part 9 arranged that towards the weapon from the charging cradle 22 can be moved out. Advancing the Charging cradle inner part 9 takes place by means of a Handle 10. At the rear end of the charging cradle inner part is an automatically swiveling driver nose 12 arranged. When advancing the inner part of the charging cradle 9 pivots by means of the handle 10 the driving lug 12 automatically behind the bottom of the Projectile G 3, so that it is transported to position G 5 can be. From there the floor can pushed further into the loading space of the weapon 25 by hand will.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 2 a projectile feeder can projectile G 2 fed via the roller conveyor 24 under Unlocking the projectile retaining nose 13 by means of the Hand lever 13.1 in the charging cradle 22, which is in is in its lowest position. From there it can either be as described above, supplied to the weapon 25 or by lifting the charging cradle 22 are conveyed into the storey magazine 23. Furthermore, those stored in the storey magazine 23 Storeys G 1 after lifting the charging cradle 22, Push the G 1 storeys into the charging cradle and lowering the charging cradle 22 either the weapon 25 can be fed or they can go backwards the roller conveyor 24 out of the vehicle through the Loading / unloading opening B are conveyed out.

As already mentioned, the embodiment takes place 1 and 2, the operation of Missile feeding device purely manual.

3 and 4 is an embodiment of the Projectile feeder shown in the the displacement of the support arm 1 in the transverse direction done manually. Raising the charging cradle 22, however and the extension of the charging cradle inner part 9 to A floor is attached by a motor drive. Furthermore, this is Embodiment of the projectile feeder for Combination with an automatic piecer that is also motor-driven, well suited.

3 and 4 are components that in essentially exactly those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Correspond to components with the same reference numbers designated. These components are not listed below explained more or only briefly.

3 and 4 is also in the embodiment the charging cradle 22 on the charging cradle receptacle 11 Support arm 1 mounted on the in the guides 2.1 running carriage 2 is suspended. The support arm 1 can be moved in the transverse direction by means of the handle 19 the positions of the support arm 1 through the positioning catch 20 and positioning bar 21 are given. The charging cradle 22 is raised again via a chain drive 3 (lower chain deflection wheel 3.3), in this case by an on Upper end of the arm 1 arranged electric motor 26 is driven. The movement of the charging cradle holder 11 and the charging cradle 22 and their guidance and Locking takes place in the same way as for the Embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and is in the following not described further. Approaching the different Positions can be in known per se and not shown by limit switches and attacks take place.

The pivoting of the charging cradle 22 from the bottom Position (approx. 20 °) in the horizontal position in the elevated positions also take place in this embodiment in the manner already described above Guide roller 15 and the guide groove 6. To the ancestor of the charging cradle inner part arranged within the charging cradle 22 9 is another chain drive, which is described below. Not over one The clutch shown can be the drive motor 26 be connected to a sprocket 27, the chain 27.1 around an arranged at the lower end of the support arm 1 second sprocket 27.2 runs. With the sprocket 27.2, a gear 28 is connected to a Gear 29 meshes, which via a through the pivot the charging cradle 22 guided pinion shaft 30.1 is connected to a pinion 30, which in one on the Loading shell inner part 9 arranged rack 31 engages. By switching the drive motor 26 over the clutch on the second chain drive 27 will Charging cradle inner part 9 with one arranged on it Projectile G 3 forward in the dashed line in Fig. 3 drawn position, in which the projectile is G 5 is in a position in which it is attached can be. This movement is already in the described the driving nose 12 behind swung in the floor.

The charging cradle 22 is shown in Fig. 3 lowest position will be raised, like 4, the gears 28 automatically and 29 decoupled so that in the raised positions extending the inner charging cradle 9 no longer possible for safety reasons is.

To the drive device when lifting the charging cradle to relieve with bullet is the device 3 and 4 also with a spring balancer, consisting of the rope drum 16, the rope 17 and the gas spring 17.1, as with reference to Fig. 1 and 2 described, equipped.

For emergency operation is located on the drive shaft for the two chain drives a square 4.1, on the a hand crank can be plugged on for manual operation is.

As can be seen from Fig. 3, this embodiment advantageously with an automatic Pieces are used, the following only completely is briefly explained and detailed in the older Patent application P 43 17 639.9 is described. At this automatic piecer is a shifting device provided for the floor, which is a parallel to the barrel core on the weapon 25 arranged guide tube 32, on which a rack is arranged over which it is by means of a drive pinion a drive device 34 in the longitudinal direction V 1 is movable. The guide tube 32 has in the area behind the weapon barrel end a curved one End section 32.1, which is forward by a total of 180 ° is curved such that the end of the end portion 32.1 in the area immediately behind that to the front driven charging cradle inner part 9 is pivoted. Within the guide tube 32 is a resilient Feeder chain 33 performed by means of a second Drive pinion of the drive device 34 in the guide tube 32 is displaceable in the direction V2, that your one end from the curved end section of the guide tube 32 extends, the front End 33.1 of the feeder chain as a displacement element is trained.

As a result of the special kinematic conditions with this piecer a translation of the piecing speed reached. After attaching the Feed chain 33 pulled back into guide tube 32, then in a way not specifically shown from the area behind the charging compartment inner part 9 in a rest position is pivoted so that the charging cradle inner part 9 retracted and the shot can be delivered without the return of the Gun barrel 25 is hindered.

5 and 6 is an embodiment of a Projectile feeder shown, the of the two embodiments described so far distinguishes primarily in that an approach of the floor by means of that already described automatic piecer not just in one Position of the gun barrel 25 is possible, but within a wide range, for example 0 to + 50 ° elevation.

5 and 6 are components that are in construction and Mode of operation of the components according to the previous ones Embodiments correspond with the same Reference numeral designated, provided with a "'" is. These components are no longer in described in detail.

In this embodiment, the support arm 1 'is on a carriage 2 'suspended in the transverse direction is displaceable to the tower T on guide rails 2.1 '. The support arm 1 'extends in this embodiment but not essentially straight vertically below, but he's curved forward, namely such that the guides 18 'for charging cradle 11 ', which is fixed in this embodiment the charging cradle 22 'is connected on a circular Track are guided on the support arm 1 ', the center point on the shield pin axis S of the weapon 25 ' lies. The travel path thus corresponds to the charging cradle 22 (with projectile) automatically the rotation radius of the Weapon 25 'around the shield pin axis S.

Also in this embodiment, the charging cradle 22 'moved by a chain drive 3' and extending of the charging cradle part 9 'is done by means of of a second chain drive 27 'by a drive motor 26 'are driven out. This is in the cradle 22 'a sprocket 29' mounted in the lower sprocket 27.1 'of the second chain drive encircling chain 27.2 'engages. The sprocket 29 'is connected to a pinion 30' which in a rack arranged on the charging shell inner part 9 ' 31 'engages. By a not shown The clutch on the drive motor 26 'can do both Chain drives synchronous or only the second chain drive 27 'are driven. About one at the pivot of the Gun 25 'mounted angle encoder 35 is the drive controlled for the charging cradle so that the charging cradle 22 'in each case in the starting position behind the weapon 25' brought. By selecting the individual handover or. The charging cradle 22 'moves to takeover positions required positions automatically.

Loading and unloading the storey magazine 23 'and shooting from the stack takes place from outside this embodiment via a on the vehicle floor mounted roller conveyor 24 '. The floors G2 'are with the floor pointing forward over the Roller conveyor 24 'pushed and then as through the Arrow K indicated, tipped onto the charging cradle 22 '.

For emergency operation is located on the upper drive shaft of the two chain drives 3 'and 27' Square 4.1 ', on which a hand crank is attached can be. Switching the individual functions is then also done manually.

The support arm 1 'is moved in the transverse direction manually by means of the handle 19 'in the already described in the previous embodiments Wise. Likewise, the positions of the support arm 1 ' in the transverse direction through the positioning catch 20 'and the positioning bar 21 'lockable.

The parts of the automatic piecer, namely that Guide tube 32 'with the curved section 32.1', the feed chain 33 'with the displacement element 33.1 'and the drive device 34' correspond exactly the components described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 and in addition to their mode of operation not explained in more detail.

Claims (19)

1. Shell-feeding device for a tank howitzer with a rotatable turret (T) which is disposed on a vehicle in the region behind the centre of the vehicle and on which a heavy weapon (25) is disposed so as to be pivotable in elevation, wherein a shell magazine (23) for receiving shells (G1) which are stored essentially horizontally with the nose of the shell pointing forward is disposed in the rear of the turret, behind the weapon, and a loading/unloading aperture (B) which is accessible from the rear is disposed in the rear of the vehicle, and in which there is fastened to the inside of the roof panel (D) of the turret (T), between the rear end of the weapon (25) and the shell magazine (23), a guide (2.1) which extends in the transverse direction and on which a carriage (2) is displaceably guided, and there is suspended, from the carriage (2), a carrying arm (1) which extends downwards into the interior of the turret and on which there is guided, so as to be movable along the said carrying arm (1), a loading tray receptacle (11) which carries a loading tray (22) in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the loading tray can be brought, in at least one elevational position of the weapon (25), into a location in alignment with the axis of the bore of the weapon, and also into locations in which the rear end of the loading tray (22) lies immediately in front of predetermined storage places in the shell magazine (23), and into a location in which the rear end of the loading tray (22) is immediately adjacent to the front end of a roller track (24) disposed in the region of the loading/unloading aperture (B).
2. Shell-feeding device according to claim 1, characterised in that the loading tray (22) is connected to the loading tray receptacle (11) so as to be tiltable about an axis parallel to the axis of the trunnion of the weapon (25).
3. Shell-feeding device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the carrying arm (1) is essentially orientated vertically downwards and the loading tray receptacle (11) is guided so as to be displaceable on the carrying arm (1) perpendicularly to the axis of the trunnion of the weapon (25).
4. Shell-feeding device according to claim 1, characterised in that the carrying arm (1') is orientated downwards in an essentially curved manner and the loading tray receptacle (11') is guided on a circular trajectory on the carrying arm (1'), the centre point of which trajectory lies on the axis (S) of the trunnion of the weapon (25'), the loading tray (22') being fixedly connected to the loading tray receptacle (11').
5. Shell-feeding device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that there is disposed, in the loading tray (22, 22'), a loading tray inner part (9, 9') which is of tray-like construction and can be moved out of the loading tray (22, 22') in the direction of the weapon (25, 25').
6. Shell-feeding device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a chain drive (3, 3') disposed on the carrying arm serves to drive the loading tray receptacle (11, 11') along the said carrying arm (1, 1').
7. Shell-feeding device according to claim 6, characterised in that the chain drive (3) can be driven by means of a hand crank (4).
8. Shell-feeding device according to claim 6, characterised in that the chain drive (3, 3') can be driven by means of a driving motor (26, 26')
9. Shell-feeding device according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that a spring equilibrator (16, 17, 17.1) reducing the lifting torque is disposed between the carrying arm (1) and the chain drive (3).
10. Shell-feeding device according to claim 9, characterised in that the spring equilibrator has a cable drum (16) coupled to the upper chain wheel of the chain drive (3) and the cable (17) wound on the said cable drum is connected to the lower end of the thrust rod of a gas spring (17.1) disposed essentially vertically in the carrying arm (1).
11. Shell-feeding device according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the fulcrum pin of the loading tray (22) carries a control lever (8) with a guide roller (15) which runs in a guide groove (6) which is disposed on the carrying arm (1) and is contrived in such a way that the loading tray (22) assumes predetermined angular positions in dependence upon its location on the carrying arm (1).
12. Shell-feeding device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that there is disposed, on the rear end of the loading tray (22), a shell-retaining nose (13) which pivots inwards, under spring force, into a locking position.
13. Shell-feeding device according to claim 12, characterised in that the shell-retaining nose (13) can be brought into the unlocking position, on the one hand automatically via an unlocking lever by way of a guide rail (7) disposed on the carrying arm (1) in the region in front of the shell magazine (23) and, on the other hand, by means of a hand lever (13.1).
14. Shell-feeding device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised by a detachable locking system (20, 21) for securing the carrying arm (1) in position at predetermined points in the trajectory of movement in the direction transverse to the turret (T).
15. Shell-feeding device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterised by handles (19, 10) disposed on the carrying arm (1) and also on the loading tray inner part (9) for manual actuation of the shell-feeding device.
16. Shell-feeding device according to claim 5, characterised in that an entrainment nose (12), which can be pivoted outwards automatically, is disposed on the rear end of the loading tray inner part (9).
17. Shell-feeding device according to claim 8, characterised in that the driving motor (26) can be connected, by means of a coupling which can be switched over, either to the chain drive (3) or to a driving device (27) for moving the loading tray inner part (9).
18. Shell-feeding device according to claim 17, characterised in that use is made, for the purpose of driving the loading tray inner part (9, 9'), of a second chain drive (27, 27') which is disposed on the carrying arm (1, 1') and drives a pinion (30, 30') which engages in a toothed rack (31, 31') disposed on the loading tray inner part (9, 9').
19. Shell-feeding device according to claim 18, characterised in that the pinion (30) for driving the loading tray inner part (9) is coupled to the second chain drive (27) only when the loading tray receptacle (11) is in the lowest position.

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