EP0532141B1 - Degassing vessel for the treatment of liquid steel - Google Patents
Degassing vessel for the treatment of liquid steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0532141B1 EP0532141B1 EP92250252A EP92250252A EP0532141B1 EP 0532141 B1 EP0532141 B1 EP 0532141B1 EP 92250252 A EP92250252 A EP 92250252A EP 92250252 A EP92250252 A EP 92250252A EP 0532141 B1 EP0532141 B1 EP 0532141B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- degassing vessel
- central axis
- vessel
- plane face
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
Definitions
- the invention relates to a degassing vessel for the vacuum treatment of liquid steel after the introduction of claim 1.
- Such degassing vessels are used for the degassing of liquid steel to set the lowest carbon content.
- Two subset methods are known. In one case, the molten steel is sucked several times in portions through a trunk into the vacuum chamber and then drained through the same trunk into the pan underneath. In the other partial quantity process, the so-called continuous process, the molten steel is sucked in through a dip tube and continuously returned to the pan through a second dip tube.
- heating devices are arranged in the middle area of the vacuum vessel.
- a vacuum chamber is known from the document DE-AS 15 33 933 with a refractory lining in a vacuum-tight steel armor, which forms a flat hearth in the lower part, into which a trunk for sucking in and draining off the partial quantity of a melt to be treated opens and which tapered towards the top.
- a heater for preheating the chamber and keeping the melt warm is arranged in the upper part.
- the chamber is closed with a vault-like cover made of refractory material with an opening for connection to the vacuum pump system.
- Vessels are also used which are completely cylindrical without any conical constriction and which have an exhaust gas connection near the vessel head at right angles to the central axis.
- Particles are entrained in the degassing vessels by the degassing flow.
- the gas strikes the surfaces directing it, whereby individual particles accumulate there.
- a larger accumulation above the heating element is regularly on the head surface of the degassing vessel, which acts like a baffle.
- the individual particles form hanging lobes arranged in disks. These hanging rags have a firm consistency and break off from the adhesive surface at irregular intervals after reaching a certain size.
- These structures also known as bears, fall into the partial flow and change the composition there in a negative way.
- the aim of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to create a degassing vessel of the generic type which protects the heating rod against mechanical destruction using simple structural means with flow-conforming vessel design.
- a baffle is arranged above the heating element.
- This flat baffle plate has an inclination which guides the flowing gas to the upper vessel, which has a smaller passage area than the lower vessel.
- the simple geometric figures circle, semicircle and straight surface are chosen.
- the distance between the heating element and the baffle is selected so that the inside of the refractory wall is heated to a temperature at which caking does not yet occur.
- the upper part of the degassing vessel is also constructed from the simple semi-circle and straight shape elements. This results in significant simplifications as well as cost savings with regard to the refractory lining.
- the position of the flat surface of the cylindrical upper part is chosen so that the heating element arranged below it is in the shade with respect to falling solid bodies.
- the passage area of the cylindrical part of the upper vessel which consists of the radius in the tubular part corresponding to the middle or lower section and almost twice the radius in the flat section, is selected to be of the same size as the passage area of the exhaust gas connection. This results in constant flow conditions in the simple construction, especially in the transition from the upper vessel to the exhaust pipe.
- the top section of the upper part which is also designed as a half pipe, will only show a slight tendency to accommodate caking due to the favorable shape. Should such bears still form, they will fall into the partial melt without endangering the heating element. Almost no caking will occur on the straight vertical inner surfaces of the top part.
- the show nozzle for observing the bath is protected against heat radiation from the heating element and will therefore have a longer service life.
- the degassing vessel 10 shows a degassing vessel 10, consisting of a lower part 20, a middle part 30 and an upper part 40.
- the degassing vessel 10 has a jacket 11 which is lined with a refractory material 12 towards the inside of the vessel.
- the cylindrical lower part 20 has an immersion tube 21 for the inlet and an immersion tube 22 for the outlet of the melt 51 located in a pan 50.
- the middle part 30 is likewise cylindrical in its lower region and tapers in the upper region on one side through a flat gas guide surface 31, whereas the cylindrical shape continues on the other, opposite side through a half-pipe part 41.
- a charging device 14 is provided in the cylindrical region and a heating element 13 is arranged.
- the upper part 40 seated on the middle part 30, is formed approximately in half as a tube 41 which is connected to a flat surface 42 provided parallel to the central axis I.
- the upper part 40 is through a cap 43 arranged at right angles to the central axis I is completed.
- a inspection hole 16 is provided in the cap 43.
- the upper part 40 opens into an exhaust gas connection 15 with the passage area F.
- the passage area of the upper part 40 is designated by A in the passage arranged parallel to the central axis I.
- the inner radius of the refractory lining is marked with R and the radius of the vessel jacket with r.
- FIG. 2 shows the section X-X with the exhaust gas connection 15, a part in the form of a half pipe 41 'and the flat surface 42 arranged parallel to the central axis I.
- the gas guide surface 31 is shown in plan view. Sheath 11 and refractory lining 12 and charging device 14 are also shown. Heating element 13 is arranged at right angles to central axis I. As can be clearly seen from the sketch, the heating element is arranged in the shadow of the refractory lining 12 provided on the flat surface 42.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Entgasungsgefäß für die Vakuumbehandlung von flüssigem Stahl nach der Einleitung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a degassing vessel for the vacuum treatment of liquid steel after the introduction of claim 1.
Derartige Entgasungsgefäße werden für die Entgasung von flüssigem Stahl zur Einstellung von tiefsten Kohlenstoffgehalten eingesetzt. Bekannt sind zwei Teilmengenverfahren. Bei dem einem wird die Stahlschmelze mehrfach in Teilmengen über einen Rüssel in die Vakuumkammer gesaugt und durch denselben Rüssel wieder in die darunter stehende Pfanne abgelassen. Bei dem anderen Teilmengenverfahren, dem sogenannten Durchlaufverfahren, wird die Stahlschmelze durch ein Tauchrohr angesaugt und kontinuierlich durch ein zweites Tauchrrohr wieder in die Pfanne zurückgeführt.Such degassing vessels are used for the degassing of liquid steel to set the lowest carbon content. Two subset methods are known. In one case, the molten steel is sucked several times in portions through a trunk into the vacuum chamber and then drained through the same trunk into the pan underneath. In the other partial quantity process, the so-called continuous process, the molten steel is sucked in through a dip tube and continuously returned to the pan through a second dip tube.
Im Hinblick auf die Erreichung einer möglichst großen Produktionsrate sowie zur Vermeidung von Wärmeverlusten während der Behandlung von flüssigem Stahl ist der Stahlwerker bemüht, die Behandlungsdauer des Stahls so kurz wie möglich zu halten. Um Einfluß auf die Temperatur der Schmelze und des Ofengefäßes nehmen zu können, werden Heizvorrichtungen im mittleren Bereich des Vakuumgefäßes angeordnet.In order to achieve the highest possible production rate and to avoid heat loss during the treatment of liquid steel, the steelworker strives to keep the treatment time of the steel as short as possible. In order to be able to influence the temperature of the melt and the furnace vessel, heating devices are arranged in the middle area of the vacuum vessel.
So ist aus der Schrift DE-AS 15 33 933 eine Vakuumkammer bekannt mit einer feuerfesten Auskleidung in einem vakuumdichten Stahlpanzer, die im unteren Teil einen flachen Herd bildet, in den ein Rüssel zum Ansaugen und Ablassen der zu behandelnden Teilmenge einer Schmelze mündet und die sich nach oben hin verjüngt. Im oberen Teil ist eine Heizung zum Vorwärmen der Kammer und Warmhalten der Schmelze angeordnet. Die Kammer ist mit einem gewölbeartigen Deckel aus feuerfestem Material mit einer öffnung zum Anschluß an die Vakuumpumpenanlage abgeschlossen.For example, a vacuum chamber is known from the document DE-AS 15 33 933 with a refractory lining in a vacuum-tight steel armor, which forms a flat hearth in the lower part, into which a trunk for sucking in and draining off the partial quantity of a melt to be treated opens and which tapered towards the top. A heater for preheating the chamber and keeping the melt warm is arranged in the upper part. The chamber is closed with a vault-like cover made of refractory material with an opening for connection to the vacuum pump system.
Es kommen auch Gefäße zum Einsatz, die ohne jegliche konische Einschnürung völlig zylindrisch aufgebaut sind und in der Nähe des Gefäßkopfes im rechten Winkel zur Zentralachse einen Abgasanschluß aufweisen.Vessels are also used which are completely cylindrical without any conical constriction and which have an exhaust gas connection near the vessel head at right angles to the central axis.
In den Entgasungsgefäßen werden durch den Entgasungsstrom Partikel mitgerissen. Das Gas prallt dabei gegen die sie lenkenden Flächen, wobei einzelne Partikel sich dort ansammeln. Eine größere Ansammlung oberhalb des Heizstabes ist regelmäßig an der wie ein Prallblech wirkenden Kopffläche des Entgasungsgefäßes. Die einzelnen Partikel bilden dort hängende, in Scheiben angeordnete Lappen. Diese hängenden Lappen haben eine feste Konsistenz und brechen nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Größe in unregelmäßigen Abständen von der Haftfläche ab. Diese auch als Bären bezeichneten Gebilde fallen in den Teilstrom und verändern dort in negativer Weise die Zusammensetzung. Auf ihrem Weg durch das Vakuumgefäß stellen sie eine hohe Gefährdung für die aus Graphit bestehenden Heizstäbe dar, deren Bruchstücke bei Stahlqualitäten mit niedrigem Kohlenstoffgehalt wegen ungeplanter Aufkohlung zu Schrottschmelzen führen.Particles are entrained in the degassing vessels by the degassing flow. The gas strikes the surfaces directing it, whereby individual particles accumulate there. A larger accumulation above the heating element is regularly on the head surface of the degassing vessel, which acts like a baffle. The individual particles form hanging lobes arranged in disks. These hanging rags have a firm consistency and break off from the adhesive surface at irregular intervals after reaching a certain size. These structures, also known as bears, fall into the partial flow and change the composition there in a negative way. On their way through the vacuum vessel, they pose a high risk to the graphite heating rods, the fragments of which lead to scrap melts due to unplanned carburization in steel grades with a low carbon content.
Ziel der Erfindung ist es, die genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und ein Entgasungsgefäß gattungsgemäßer Art zu schaffen, das mit einfachen konstruktiven Mitteln bei strömungsgerechter Gefäßgestaltung den Heizstab gegen mechanische Zerstörung schützt.The aim of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to create a degassing vessel of the generic type which protects the heating rod against mechanical destruction using simple structural means with flow-conforming vessel design.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Die Unteransprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen.The invention solves this problem by the features of claim 1. The subclaims contain advantageous developments.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Entgasungsgefäß wird oberhalb des Heizstabes ein Leitblech angeordnet. Dieses ebene Leitblech weist eine Neigung auf, die das strömende Gas zu dem eine kleinere Durchtrittsfläche als das Untergefäß aufweisende Obergefäß leitet. Statt der konstruktiv aufwendigen konischen Verjüngung sind hier die einfachen geometrischen Figuren Kreis, Halbkreis und gerade Fläche gewählt.In the degassing vessel according to the invention, a baffle is arranged above the heating element. This flat baffle plate has an inclination which guides the flowing gas to the upper vessel, which has a smaller passage area than the lower vessel. Instead of the complex conical taper, the simple geometric figures circle, semicircle and straight surface are chosen.
Durch das das Mittelgefäß flächendurchtrittsmäßig einengende Leitblech wird die Gasgeschwindigkeit beschleunigt mit dem Effekt, daß die Neigung zur Bärenbildung gemindert wird.Due to the baffle constricting the central vessel, the gas velocity is accelerated with the effect that the tendency to bear formation is reduced.
Der Abstand des Heizstabes zum Leitblech ist so gewählt, daß die innenseitige Feuerfestwandung auf eine Temperatur aufgeheizt wird, bei der es noch nicht zur Anbackung kommt.The distance between the heating element and the baffle is selected so that the inside of the refractory wall is heated to a temperature at which caking does not yet occur.
Das Oberteil des Entgasungsgefäßes ist ebenfalls aus den einfachen Formelementen Halbkreis und Gerade aufgebaut. Hierdurch ergeben sich deutliche Vereinfachungen sowie auch Kosteneinsparungen bezüglich der Feuerfestauskleidung.The upper part of the degassing vessel is also constructed from the simple semi-circle and straight shape elements. This results in significant simplifications as well as cost savings with regard to the refractory lining.
Die Lage der ebenen Fläche des zylindrischen Oberteils ist so gewählt, daß der darunter angeordnete Heizstab im Schatten bezüglich herabfallender Festkörper liegt.The position of the flat surface of the cylindrical upper part is chosen so that the heating element arranged below it is in the shade with respect to falling solid bodies.
Die Durchtrittsfläche des zylindrischen Teils des Obergefäßes, das aus dem des Mittel- bzw. Unterteils entsprechenden Radius im rohrförmigen Teil und nahezu des doppelten Radius im ebenen Teil besteht, ist in gleicher Größe gewählt wie die Durchtrittsfläche des Abgasanschlusses. Hierdurch stellen sich bei der einfachen Bauweise gerade im übergang von dem Obergefäß zum Abgasrohr konstante Strömungsverhältnisse ein. Das ebenfalls als Halbrohr ausgebildete Kuppenstück des Oberteils wird aufgrund der günstigen Form nur geringe Neigung zeigen, Anbackungen aufzunehmen. Sollte sich derartige Bären doch noch bilden, werden diese ohne Gefährdung des Heizstabes in die Teilschmelze fallen. An den geraden vertikalen Innenflächen des Oberteils werden nahezu keine Anbackungen entstehen.The passage area of the cylindrical part of the upper vessel, which consists of the radius in the tubular part corresponding to the middle or lower section and almost twice the radius in the flat section, is selected to be of the same size as the passage area of the exhaust gas connection. This results in constant flow conditions in the simple construction, especially in the transition from the upper vessel to the exhaust pipe. The top section of the upper part, which is also designed as a half pipe, will only show a slight tendency to accommodate caking due to the favorable shape. Should such bears still form, they will fall into the partial melt without endangering the heating element. Almost no caking will occur on the straight vertical inner surfaces of the top part.
Die leichte Änderung der Legierung bei der geringen Menge der ins Bad eintauchenden Bären kann mit einfachen metallurgischen Maßnahmen behoben werden.The slight change in the alloy due to the small amount of bears immersed in the bath can be eliminated with simple metallurgical measures.
Der Schaustutzen zur Beobachtung des Bades ist gegen die Wärmestrahlung des Heizstabes geschützt und wird daher eine höhere Lebensdauer aufweisen.The show nozzle for observing the bath is protected against heat radiation from the heating element and will therefore have a longer service life.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Entgasungsgefäß werden nicht nur Kosten gespart durch Verminderung des Gesamtgewichtes, insbesondere den Einsatz von Stahl und Feuerfestmaterial, sondern es kommt zu Einsparungen durch einen verringerten Graphitstabverbrauch. Letzteres wird u.a. dadurch erreicht, daß der Graphitstab immer eingeschaltet bleibt und somit nicht, wie sonst üblich zum Schutz gegen herabfallendes Material, aus dem Gefäß herausgezogen wurde. Durch diese konstante Fahrweise wird nicht nur die Betriebsbereitschaft erhöht sondern auch der Wartungsaufwand vermindert.In the degassing vessel designed according to the invention, not only are costs saved by reducing the total weight, in particular the use of steel and refractory material, but savings are also achieved by reducing the consumption of graphite rods. The latter is achieved, among other things, by the fact that the graphite rod always remains switched on and is therefore not pulled out of the vessel, as is usually the case to protect against falling material. This constant driving style not only increases operational readiness but also reduces maintenance.
Ein Beispiel der Erfindung ist in den beiliegenden Skizzen dargelegt. Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- einen Schnitt durch ein Entgasungsgefäß,
- Fig. 2
- einen Schnitt X-X durch den Dom des Entgasungsgefäßes.
- Fig. 1
- a section through a degassing vessel,
- Fig. 2
- a section XX through the dome of the degassing vessel.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein Entgasungsgefäß 10, bestehend aus einem Unterteil 20, einem Mittelteil 30 und einem Oberteil 40. Das Entgasungsgefäß 10 weist einen Mantel 11 auf, der zum Gefäßinneren hin mit einer Feuerfestmasse 12 ausgekleidet ist.1 shows a
Der zylindrische Unterteil 20 weist ein Tauchrohr 21 zum Zulauf und ein Tauchrohr 22 zum Ablauf der sich in einer Pfanne 50 befindenden Schmelze 51 auf.The cylindrical
Der Mittelteil 30 ist in seinem unteren Bereich ebenso zylindrisch ausgebildet und verjüngt sich im oberen Bereich einseitig durch eine ebene Gasleitfläche 31, wogegen sich die Zylinderform auf der anderen, gegenüberliegenden Seite durch ein Halbrohrteil 41 fortsetzt. Im zylindrischen Bereich ist eine Beschickungseinrichtung 14 vorgesehen sowie ein Heizstab 13 angeordnet.The middle part 30 is likewise cylindrical in its lower region and tapers in the upper region on one side through a flat
Der auf dem Mittelteil 30 auf sitzende Oberteil 40 ist etwa hälftig als Rohr 41 ausgebildet, das mit einer parallel zur Zentralachse I vorgesehenen ebenen Fläche 42 verbunden ist. Der Oberteil 40 wird durch eine im rechten Winkel zur Zentralachse I angeordneten Kappe 43 abgeschlossen. In der Kappe 43 ist ein Schauloch 16 vorgesehen.The
Der Oberteil 40 mündet in einem Abgasanschluß 15 mit der Durchtrittsfläche F. Die Durchtrittsfläche des Oberteils 40 ist im parallel zur Zentralachse I angeordneten Durchtritt mit A bezeichnet. Der innere Radius der Feuerfestauskleidung ist mit R gekennzeichnet und der Radius des Gefäßmantels mit r.The
Die Fig. 2 zeigt den Schnitt X-X mit dem Abgasanschluß 15, einem Teil in Form eines Halbrohres 41' und der parallel zur Zentralachse I angeordneten ebenenen Fläche 42.FIG. 2 shows the section X-X with the
In Draufsicht ist die Gasleitfläche 31 dargestellt. Aufgezeigt sind noch der Mantel 11 und die Feuerfestauskleidung 12 sowie die Beschickungseinrichtung 14. Im rechten Winkel zur Zentralachse I ist der Heizstab 13 angeordnet. Wie aus der Skizze deutlich ersichtlich, ist der Heizstab im Schatten der an der ebenenen Fläche 42 vorgesehenen Feuerfestauskleidung 12 angeordnet.The
Claims (5)
- Degassing vessel for the vacuum treatment of liquid steel, consisting of a lower, a middle and an upper part, having a metal jacket which is lined with fire-proof material on the side associated with the vessel interior and which has in the middle part, in the region associated with the lower part, a cylindrical shape with the same radius as the lower part, the vessel comprising at least one immersed pipe provided in the bottom of the lower part and immersed in the melt of a ladle located below, a lance disposed in the middle part at right-angles to the central axis, and charging apparatus and an inspection hole disposed in the upper part, as well as an exhaust gas terminal connected to a vacuum plant at right-angles to the central axis, wherein part of the jacket (11) of the middle part (30) is formed as a plane face (31) in the region associated with the upper part (40) and is arranged so as to extend parallel to the lance (13) and in the gas-flow direction towards the central axis (I),
and the jacket (11) of the upper part (40) in the region associated with the middle part (30) is composed of a semi-cylinder (41') with a radius (r) corresponding to the lower and to the middle part (20 and 30 respectively) and of a plane face (42) extending parallel to the central axis (I),
and is covered in the region associated with the exhaust gas terminal (15) with a substantially semi-circular hood (43) disposed parallel to the exhaust gas terminal axis. - Degassing vessel according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the incline between the plane face (31) and the central axis (I) is 30 to 60 degrees. - Degassing vessel according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the distance (a) from the plane face (31) is selected to be the same size as the radius (R) of the greatest distance of the fire-proof lining (12) of the tubular jacket member (11) at right-angles to the lance (13). - Degassing vessel according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the plane face (42) having a fireproof lining (12) on the side associated with the vessel interior is so arranged that, in a plan view of the degassing vessel (10), the lance (13) is disposed in the shade, protected from parts falling from the upper part (40). - Degassing vessel according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the area of the flow cross-section (A) of the upper part (40) is of a size such as to correspond to 0.9 to 1.1 times the flow cross-section (F) of the exhaust gas terminal (15).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4130590A DE4130590C2 (en) | 1991-09-12 | 1991-09-12 | DEGASSING TUBE FOR THE VACUUM TREATMENT OF LIQUID STEEL |
| DE4130590 | 1991-09-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0532141A1 EP0532141A1 (en) | 1993-03-17 |
| EP0532141B1 true EP0532141B1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
Family
ID=6440592
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92250252A Expired - Lifetime EP0532141B1 (en) | 1991-09-12 | 1992-09-09 | Degassing vessel for the treatment of liquid steel |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5299784A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0532141B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05195044A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE130374T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4130590C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19518900C1 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-08-08 | Technometal Ges Fuer Metalltec | After-burning reaction gases arising during vacuum treatment of steel |
| DE19822159A1 (en) | 1998-05-16 | 1999-11-18 | Technometal Ges Fuer Metalltec | Vessel for vacuum treatment of liquid steel |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE153393C (en) * | ||||
| LU36943A1 (en) * | 1958-03-10 | |||
| DE1533933C3 (en) * | 1967-04-28 | 1974-12-12 | Hoesch Werke Ag, 4600 Dortmund | Device for degassing molten steel |
| GB1184537A (en) * | 1967-04-28 | 1970-03-18 | Hoesch Ag | Improvements in Vacuum Vessels for Degassing Molten Metals. |
| DE3174127D1 (en) * | 1981-07-27 | 1986-04-24 | Thyssen Ag | Vessel for the treatment of molten metal baths |
| US5096164A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1992-03-17 | Technometal Gesellschaft Fur Metalltechnologie Gmbh | Steel-processing vessel having a graphite rod heating means |
-
1991
- 1991-09-12 DE DE4130590A patent/DE4130590C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-09-09 AT AT92250252T patent/ATE130374T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-09 EP EP92250252A patent/EP0532141B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-09 DE DE59204334T patent/DE59204334D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-09-11 JP JP4269298A patent/JPH05195044A/en active Pending
- 1992-09-11 US US07/944,213 patent/US5299784A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05195044A (en) | 1993-08-03 |
| DE59204334D1 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
| DE4130590A1 (en) | 1993-03-25 |
| DE4130590C2 (en) | 1993-11-04 |
| US5299784A (en) | 1994-04-05 |
| EP0532141A1 (en) | 1993-03-17 |
| ATE130374T1 (en) | 1995-12-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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