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EP0585591B1 - Carbon brush - Google Patents

Carbon brush Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0585591B1
EP0585591B1 EP93111727A EP93111727A EP0585591B1 EP 0585591 B1 EP0585591 B1 EP 0585591B1 EP 93111727 A EP93111727 A EP 93111727A EP 93111727 A EP93111727 A EP 93111727A EP 0585591 B1 EP0585591 B1 EP 0585591B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon brush
recess
brush
wire
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93111727A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0585591A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Ulm
Anton Swoboda
Günter Schardt
Edmund Kübler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE9211524U external-priority patent/DE9211524U1/en
Application filed by Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH filed Critical Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Priority to EP96104231A priority Critical patent/EP0723318B1/en
Publication of EP0585591A1 publication Critical patent/EP0585591A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0585591B1 publication Critical patent/EP0585591B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/58Means structurally associated with the current collector for indicating condition thereof, e.g. for indicating brush wear
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38Brush holders
    • H01R39/383Brush holders characterised by the electrical connection to the brush holder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a carbon brush with signal wire and preferably with current-carrying wire arranged in the carbon brush and optionally with an isolating nipple consisting of insulating material and spring-biased in the longitudinal axis of the carbon brush, the signal wire surrounded in some areas by a sleeve with a to indicate a specific consumption of carbon brushes by the carbon brush interacting commutator or slip ring for releasing a signal in electrically conductive contact is arranged in a preferably extending in the longitudinal axis direction of the carbon brush and starting from a first carbon brush surface such as bore (FR-A-2 223 858).
  • Signaling strands can be covered at least in some areas with Teflon or an equivalent material, at least in the section running within the carbon brush.
  • the section is then glued into the recess. So that the signal wire cannot slip out of the adhesive material - Teflon does not accept an adhesive - on the one hand, a wavy or twisted geometry is impressed on the section surrounded by Teflon, and on the other hand the section is laid in a loop or U-shape in the recess. The installation of corresponding signal wires is clearly complex.
  • FR-A 2 223 858 it is known to arrange a signal wire surrounded by an insulating jacket in a sleeve made of insulating material, which extends at least in regions within a correspondingly adapted recess in the carbon brush.
  • a carbon brush for collector motors is known from DE-A-28 04 547, in which a signaling wire surrounded by an insulating jacket is arranged in a longitudinal bore.
  • a prefabricated plastic sleeve is proposed according to DE-U-84 33 023, which can be inserted into a bore in a carbon brush.
  • the signal wire is then inserted into the plastic part itself. So that the signaling wire remains in the sleeve, it is slotted so that when inserted into the carbon brush, the signaling wire is clamped between the longitudinal halves of the sleeve which can be moved relative to one another. If the bore for receiving the sleeve is too large compared to its outer diameter, a secure holding of the signal wire is not guaranteed.
  • the sleeve can also melt at high temperatures, resulting in an uncontrolled displacement of the signaling wire.
  • the present invention is based on the object of developing a carbon brush of the type described in the introduction in such a way that the carbon brush can be fitted with the signaling wire in a manner suitable for automatic and problem-free operation, and in addition a clear, secure positional fixation, in particular with respect to the area of the signaling wire section, which is to take place with the Commutator or the slip ring for releasing the signal interacts. It should also be ensured that the position fixing of the signaling wire does not cause any tensions in the carbon brush, which can lead to inadmissible cracks, particularly in the case of laminated carbon brushes.
  • the object is achieved in a carbon brush of the type described at the outset in that the sleeve has an edge which runs at least in some areas and which lies against a shoulder of the recess, in that the sleeve with its outer edge surface spaced from the assigned first outer surface of the carbon brush and that adhesive material is introduced into the space formed between the outer surface of the sleeve edge and the first carbon brush surface, and / or the signal wire is fixed in position via a further (second) recess extending from a side surface of the carbon brush, the Signaling wire extends with its free end between the lower edge of the sleeve and the bottom of the recess.
  • the measures according to the invention ensure that the signal wire is securely fixed.
  • the use of metal such as brass as the sleeve material ensures, due to its hardness, that it can be easily inserted into the carbon brush even if the geometry of the recess and sleeve are closely coordinated.
  • the metal material also ensures problem-free gluing in the carbon brush, which would otherwise lead to considerable problems when using plastic. By squeezing like crimping the sleeve and signaling wire, it experiences an immovable and therefore clear positioning.
  • the edge sits on the shoulder or bottom of the first recess, which is preferably a stepped bore, and metered adhesive is added to the edge of the sleeve, that is to say the sleeve is not actually glued into the bore, thermal expansion of the adhesive cannot be so great occur that would otherwise lead to cracking. A fixation by the adhesive is nevertheless ensured, since the adhesive is drawn into the joint between the sleeve and the wall of the carbon brush recess for hardening and only a correspondingly thin layer of adhesive is formed.
  • the teachings according to the invention are suitable for all types of carbon brushes which have a signaling strand, i.e. those which have only one signaling strand or those which, in addition to the signaling strand, comprise only a switch-off device and / or a current-conducting helical compression spring and / or a current-conducting strand.
  • the signal wire Since the signal wire is cut to length before it is inserted into the carbon brush, it must be ensured that the free end is stripped. For this purpose, it can be provided that the signal wire is dipped into an adhesive, preferably made of polyurethane, after it has been cut to length and, if appropriate, pretreated with an etchant.
  • an adhesive preferably made of polyurethane
  • shut-off nipple 14 is made of insulating material and is preferably spring-biased in the direction of the longitudinal axis 16 of the carbon brush 10 by means of a helical spring 18.
  • Both the strand 12 and the shut-off nipple 14 are stamped in by means of stamp-in powder or metal powder 20 or 22.
  • An insulating plate 24, on which the helical spring 18 is supported, can additionally be arranged between the ramming powder 22 covering the shut-off nipple 14 and the end face facing it.
  • a section 26 of a signaling wire 28 also runs within the carbon brush 10.
  • a signal is to be triggered via the signaling wire 28, namely when the carbon brush 10 interacting with a commutator or slip ring (not shown) is worn to the extent that renewal is appropriate , that is, before the carbon brush 10 is consumed to such an extent that the shut-off nipple 14 lifts the carbon brush from the slip ring or the commutator.
  • the section 26 of the signaling wire 28 which extends in the bore 30 runs in the longitudinal direction of the bore 30.
  • the section 26 of the signaling wire 28 is partially surrounded by a sleeve 32 which has a flange-like upper edge 34 which, when mounted Signaling wire 28 abuts a shoulder 36 of the stepped bore 30.
  • the section 26 protrudes above the sleeve 32 so that the free end 38 of the section 26 extends in a space 44 which extends between the bottom 42 of the bore 30 and the lower edge of the sleeve 32. Since the free end 38 of the signaling wire 28 is stripped, insulation can optionally be carried out with an adhesive material in order not to generate a signal prematurely which could otherwise be caused by carbon dust generated when the carbon brush ran off.
  • the flange-like edge or collar 34 is arranged set back with respect to the free surface 46 of the side of the carbon brush 10 from which the stepped bore 30 extends.
  • the sleeve 32 and thus the signaling wire 28 can be fixed in position in the carbon brush by adhesive material or by a pin. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • a layered carbon brush 60 is shown, which consists of layers 62 and 64 glued together. From the end face 66 of the carbon brush 60, on the one hand, the stepped bore 30 for the signaling wire 28, not shown, and on the other hand an oblique bore 68 for a current-carrying wire.
  • the sleeve 32 is inserted with the signal wire, not shown, wherein the edge 34 of the sleeve 32 rests on the shoulder 36 of the stepped bore 30.
  • This paragraph 36 can be caused by any change in cross section.
  • a recess such as bore 74, extends from a side surface 72 of the layer 64 of the carbon brush 60 and extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 16 of the carbon brush 60, into which a pin can be inserted.
  • the bore 74 or the pin is dimensioned so that the pin 76 rests on the free upper surface of the edge 34.
  • the position of the sleeve 32 in the bore 30 of the carbon brush 70 according to FIG. 5 is achieved by adhesive material which is introduced in a metered manner into the space 78 which extends between the surface 80 of the carbon brush 70 and the upper free surface of the collar 34 of the sleeve 32 .
  • the adhesive material indicated by the blackened corners 82 and 84, is introduced after positioning the sleeve 32 in the bore 30, that is to say after the edge 34 has been placed on the shoulder 36 of the bore 30, only a small amount of adhesive reaches the area between the sleeve 32 or, whose edge 34 and the wall of the bore 30. This in turn has the consequence that thermal expansion cannot lead to cracks.
  • the position of the sleeve 32 can also be fixed in that the pin 76 does not run above the collar 34, but extends laterally along the sleeve and touches it tangentially in order to achieve a position fixation.
  • the sleeve by a side surface and Fixing the recess, preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve, by stamping carbon material into it, for example.
  • a position fixation can also be done by, for example, a fastening element such as a screw.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)

Abstract

The carbon brush (110) has a square or cylindrical geometry with sides or ends. One end lies against a commutator or slip ring of an electric motor, this comprises current carrying flexes (120) in the brush (110). A switch off button (118), preferably of insulating material, is spring biased in the longitudinal direction of the brush axis. The brush (110) also has an indicator flex (122). This is arranged and fixed in place with a section (124) of a first recess (116), e.g. a bore, which runs in the longitudinal direction of the brush (110). The indicator flex (122) generates a signal to display a predetermined brush load by alternating with the commutator or slip ring. The indicator flex (122) is fixed in place by a second recess (130). The latter extends from a side (128) of the brush (110).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kohlebürste mit Meldelitze sowie vorzugsweise mit in der Kohlebürste angeordneter stromführender Litze und gegebenenfalls mit einem aus Isoliermaterial bestehenden, in Kohlenbürstenlängsachse federvorgespannten Abschaltnippel, wobei die bereichsweise von einer Hülse umgebene Meldelitze mit einem zur Anzeige eines bestimmten Kohlebürstenverbrauchs von mit der Kohlebürste wechselwirkendem Kommutator oder Schleifring zur Freigabe eines Signals in elektrisch leitende Berührung gelangenden Abschnitt in einer vorzugsweise in Längsachsenrichtung der Kohlebürste verlaufenden und von einer ersten Kohlebürstenfläche ausgehenden Ausnehmung wie Bohrung angeordnet ist (FR-A-2 223 858).The invention relates to a carbon brush with signal wire and preferably with current-carrying wire arranged in the carbon brush and optionally with an isolating nipple consisting of insulating material and spring-biased in the longitudinal axis of the carbon brush, the signal wire surrounded in some areas by a sleeve with a to indicate a specific consumption of carbon brushes by the carbon brush interacting commutator or slip ring for releasing a signal in electrically conductive contact is arranged in a preferably extending in the longitudinal axis direction of the carbon brush and starting from a first carbon brush surface such as bore (FR-A-2 223 858).

Bei insbesondere für gewerbliche Zwecke bestimmten Maschinen ist es erforderlich, daß, bevor die Kohlebürste im unzulässigen Umfang abgenutzt und durch den Abschaltnippel von einem Kommutator oder Schleifring des Motors abgehoben wird, ein Signal auftritt, das anzeigt, daß in Kürze die Kohlebürsten aufgrund ihres Verbrauches erneuert werden müssen. In diesem Fall wird die Isolierung der normalerweise isolierten Meldelitze oder das diese umgebende isolierende Material durch Wechselwirken mit dein Kommutator und dem Schleifring abgerieben, so daß sodann die Meldelitze selbst in elektrisch leitenden Kontakt mit dem Kommutator oder Schleifring gelangt, wodurch ein Stromkreis geschlossen und das gewünschte Signal selbsthaltend freigegeben wird.In machines intended especially for commercial purposes, it is necessary that a signal appears before the carbon brush is worn to an unacceptable extent and is lifted off the commutator or slip ring of the motor by the shut-off nipple, indicating that the carbon brushes will soon be replaced due to their consumption Need to become. In this case, the insulation of the normally insulated signal wire or the insulating material surrounding it is rubbed off by interaction with the commutator and the slip ring, so that the signal wire itself comes into electrically conductive contact with the commutator or slip ring, whereby a circuit is closed and the desired signal is released in a latching manner.

Meldelitzen können zumindest in dem innerhalb der Kohlebürste verlaufendem Abschnitt zumindest bereichsweise mit Teflon oder einem gleichwirkenden Material ummantelt sein. Der Abschnitt wird sodann in die Ausnehmung eingeklebt. Damit die Meldelitze aus dem Klebermaterial nicht herausrutschen kann - Teflon nimmt einen Kleber nicht an -, wird einerseits dem von Teflon umgebenen Abschnitt eine wellenförmige oder verdrillte Geometrie aufgeprägt und andererseits der Abschnitt schlaufen- bzw. U-förmig in der Ausnehmung verlegt. Das Montieren entsprechender Meldelitzen ist erkennbar aufwendig.Signaling strands can be covered at least in some areas with Teflon or an equivalent material, at least in the section running within the carbon brush. The section is then glued into the recess. So that the signal wire cannot slip out of the adhesive material - Teflon does not accept an adhesive - on the one hand, a wavy or twisted geometry is impressed on the section surrounded by Teflon, and on the other hand the section is laid in a loop or U-shape in the recess. The installation of corresponding signal wires is clearly complex.

Aus der FR-A 2 223 858 ist es bekannt, eine von einem Isoliermantel umgebene Meldelitze in einer aus Isoliermaterial bestehenden Hülse anzuordnen, die sich zumindest bereichsweise innerhalb einer entsprechend angepaßten Aussparung der Kohlebürste erstreckt.From FR-A 2 223 858 it is known to arrange a signal wire surrounded by an insulating jacket in a sleeve made of insulating material, which extends at least in regions within a correspondingly adapted recess in the carbon brush.

Um die Hülse selbst definiert in der Kohlebürste festzulegen, verläuft im erheblichen Abstand zur ersten Kohlebürstenoberfläche ein Absatz, gegen den die Hülse geschoben, werden kann. Bei Paßungenauigkeiten kann der Fall auftreten, daß die Hülse bereits im Abstand zu dem Absatz nicht mehr verschiebbar ist, so daß infolge dessen die Meldelitze zu spät anzeigen würde, daß eine Erneuerung der Kohlebürste erforderlich ist. Auch kann ein unkontrolliertes Verschieben der Hülse erfolgen, wodurch eine reproduzierbare Überwachung des Kohlebürstenverschleißes nicht gewährleistet ist. In der EP-A-0 232 209 werden zu Feststellung einer Kohlebürstenabnutzung optische Leiter benutzt, über die Lichtsignale gesendet bzw. empfangen werden. Der optische Leiter ist in einer abgestuften Hülse angeordnet, deren Abschnitt kleineren Durchmessers in einer Ausnehmung der Kohlebürste verläuftIn order to define the sleeve itself in the carbon brush, there is a step at a considerable distance from the first carbon brush surface against which the sleeve can be pushed. If the fit is inaccurate, the sleeve can no longer be displaced at a distance from the shoulder, so that as a result the signaling wire would indicate too late that the carbon brush must be replaced. Uncontrolled displacement of the sleeve can also take place, as a result of which reproducible monitoring of carbon brush wear is not guaranteed. In EP-A-0 232 209 optical conductors are used to detect carbon brush wear, via which light signals are transmitted or received. The optical conductor is arranged in a stepped sleeve, the portion of which has a smaller diameter running in a recess in the carbon brush

Aus der DE-A-28 04 547 ist eine Kohlebürste für Kollektormotoren bekannt, bei der eine von einem Isoliermantel umgebende Meldelitze in einer Längsbohrung angeordnet wird.A carbon brush for collector motors is known from DE-A-28 04 547, in which a signaling wire surrounded by an insulating jacket is arranged in a longitudinal bore.

Um die Meldelitze eindeutig zu positionieren, müssen geeignete Klebermaterialien verwendet werden, wobei jedoch insbesondere bei ruckartigen Stößen nicht sichergestellt ist, daß die Meldelitze nicht verschoben wird.In order to position the signaling wire uniquely, suitable adhesive materials must be used. However, especially in the case of jerky bumps, it is not ensured that the signaling wire is not moved.

Um diesen Nachteil zu vermeiden, wird nach der DE-U-84 33 023 eine vorgefertigte Kunststoffhülse vorgeschlagen, die in eine Bohrung einer Kohlebürste einsteckbar ist. In das Kunststoffteil selbst wird sodann die Meldelitze eingebracht. Damit die Meldelitze in der Hülse verbleibt, ist diese geschlitzt, so daß beim Einbringen in die Kohlebürste die Meldelitze zwischen den zueinander bewegbaren Längshälften der Hülse festgeklemmt wird. Sofern die Bohrung zur Aufnahme der Hülse im Vergleich zu dessen Außendurchmesser zu groß ist, ist ein sicheres Halten der Meldelitze nicht gewährleistet. Auch kann bei hohen Temperaturen ein Schmelzen der Hülse erfolgen, wodurch ein unkontrolliertes Verschieben der Meldelitze erfolgt.In order to avoid this disadvantage, a prefabricated plastic sleeve is proposed according to DE-U-84 33 023, which can be inserted into a bore in a carbon brush. The signal wire is then inserted into the plastic part itself. So that the signaling wire remains in the sleeve, it is slotted so that when inserted into the carbon brush, the signaling wire is clamped between the longitudinal halves of the sleeve which can be moved relative to one another. If the bore for receiving the sleeve is too large compared to its outer diameter, a secure holding of the signal wire is not guaranteed. The sleeve can also melt at high temperatures, resulting in an uncontrolled displacement of the signaling wire.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kohlebürste der eingangs beschriebenen Art so weiterzubilden, daß ein automatengerechtes und problemloses Bestücken der Kohlebürste mit der Meldelitze erfolgt, wobei außerdem eine eindeutige sichere Lagefixierung insbesondere in bezug auf den Bereich des Meldelitzenabschnittes erfolgen soll, der mit dem Kommutator bzw. dem Schleifring zur Freigabe des Signals wechselwirkt. Auch soll sichergestellt sein, daß durch die Lagefixierung der Meldelitze keine Spannungen in der Kohlebürste auftreten, die insbesondere bei Schichtkohlebürsten zu unzulässigen Rißbildungen führen können.The present invention is based on the object of developing a carbon brush of the type described in the introduction in such a way that the carbon brush can be fitted with the signaling wire in a manner suitable for automatic and problem-free operation, and in addition a clear, secure positional fixation, in particular with respect to the area of the signaling wire section, which is to take place with the Commutator or the slip ring for releasing the signal interacts. It should also be ensured that the position fixing of the signaling wire does not cause any tensions in the carbon brush, which can lead to inadmissible cracks, particularly in the case of laminated carbon brushes.

Die Aufgabe wird bei einer Kohlebürste der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, daß die Hülse einen zumindest bereichsweise umlaufenden Rand aufweist, der an einem Absatz der Ausnehmung anliegt, daß die Hülse mit ihrer außenliegenden Randfläche beabstandet zur zugeordneten ersten Außenfläche der Kohlebürste verläuft und daß in zwischen äußerer Fläche des Hülsenrandes und der ersten Kohlebürstenfläche gebildetem Raum Klebermaterial eingebracht ist, und/oder die Meldelitze über eine von einer Seitenfläche der Kohlebürste ausgehenden weiteren (zweiten) Ausnehmung lagefixiert ist, wobei sich die Meldelitze mit ihrem freien Ende zwischen unterem Rand der Hülse und Boden der Ausnehmung erstreckt.The object is achieved in a carbon brush of the type described at the outset in that the sleeve has an edge which runs at least in some areas and which lies against a shoulder of the recess, in that the sleeve with its outer edge surface spaced from the assigned first outer surface of the carbon brush and that adhesive material is introduced into the space formed between the outer surface of the sleeve edge and the first carbon brush surface, and / or the signal wire is fixed in position via a further (second) recess extending from a side surface of the carbon brush, the Signaling wire extends with its free end between the lower edge of the sleeve and the bottom of the recess.

Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen ist eine sichere Fixierung der Meldelitze gewährleistet. Durch die Verwendung von Metall wie Messing als Hülsenmaterial ist aufgrund dessen Härte sichergestellt, daß ein problemloses Einführen in die Kohlebürste auch dann erfolgen kann, wenn die Geometrie von Ausnehmung und Hülse eng aufeinander abgestimmt sind. Durch das Material Metall ist außerdem ein problemloses Einkleben in der Kohlebürste gewährleistet, was bei der Verwendung von Kunststoff andernfalls zu erheblichen Problemen führen würde. Durch das Verquetschen wie Crimpen von Hülse und Meldelitze erfährt diese eine unverrückbare und damit eindeutige Positionierung.The measures according to the invention ensure that the signal wire is securely fixed. The use of metal such as brass as the sleeve material ensures, due to its hardness, that it can be easily inserted into the carbon brush even if the geometry of the recess and sleeve are closely coordinated. The metal material also ensures problem-free gluing in the carbon brush, which would otherwise lead to considerable problems when using plastic. By squeezing like crimping the sleeve and signaling wire, it experiences an immovable and therefore clear positioning.

Dadurch, daß der Rand am Absatz bzw. Boden der vorzugsweise als abgesetzte Bohrung ausgebildeten ersten Ausnehmung aufsitzt und auf den Rand der Hülse dosiert Kleber gegeben wird, also die Hülse im eigentlichen Sinne nicht in die Bohrung eingeklebt wird, können nicht so große Wärmedehnungen des Klebers auftreten, die ansonsten zu einer Rißbildung führen würden. Dennoch ist eine Fixierung durch den Kleber sichergestellt, da der Kleber zum Aushärten in die Fuge zwischen der Hülse und der Wandung der Kohlebürstenausnehmung einzieht und sich nur eine entsprechend dünne Kleberschicht ausbildet.Due to the fact that the edge sits on the shoulder or bottom of the first recess, which is preferably a stepped bore, and metered adhesive is added to the edge of the sleeve, that is to say the sleeve is not actually glued into the bore, thermal expansion of the adhesive cannot be so great occur that would otherwise lead to cracking. A fixation by the adhesive is nevertheless ensured, since the adhesive is drawn into the joint between the sleeve and the wall of the carbon brush recess for hardening and only a correspondingly thin layer of adhesive is formed.

Durch den ergänzenden bzw. alternativen Vorschlag einer Lagefixierung mittels des Stiftelements ist ein völlig spannungsfreies Festlegen der Hülse gewährleistet, ohne daß es größerer Abmessungen der Kohlebürste bedarf.The additional or alternative proposal of a position fixation by means of the pin element ensures a completely tension-free fixing of the sleeve without requiring larger dimensions of the carbon brush.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Lehren sind für Kohlebürsten sämtlicher Bauart geeignet, die eine Meldelitze aufweisen, also solche, die nur eine Meldelitze aufweisen oder solche, die neben der Meldelitze nur eine Abschaltvorrichtung und/oder eine stromleitende Schraubendruckfeder und/oder eine stromleitende Litze umfassen.The teachings according to the invention are suitable for all types of carbon brushes which have a signaling strand, i.e. those which have only one signaling strand or those which, in addition to the signaling strand, comprise only a switch-off device and / or a current-conducting helical compression spring and / or a current-conducting strand.

Allgemein ausgedrückt lassen sich mit der Erfindung folgende Vorteile erzielen:

  • a) geringe Einbaumaße.
  • b) die Einbautiefe ist bei Verwendung einer einheitlichen Hülse einfach zu ändern,
  • c) die Kontrolle der Einbautiefe ist einfach, (ist die Hülse bis auf den Bund (flanschartiger Rand) eingeklebt, ist die Einbautiefe in Ordnung. Ein Verrutschen der Litze wird klar sichtbar);
  • d) die Meldelitzenanordnung macht es möglich, die Montage zu automatisieren;
  • e) spannungsfreie Verbindung, wodurch geringe Wandstärken zwischen der bzw. den Ausnehmungen und den Kohlebürstenaußenflächen genügen.
In general terms, the following advantages can be achieved with the invention:
  • a) small installation dimensions.
  • b) the installation depth is easy to change when using a uniform sleeve,
  • c) Checking the installation depth is easy, (if the sleeve is glued to the collar (flange-like edge), the installation depth is correct. Slipping of the strand is clearly visible);
  • d) the signal wire arrangement makes it possible to automate the assembly;
  • e) stress-free connection, as a result of which small wall thicknesses between the recess or recesses and the carbon brush outer surfaces are sufficient.

Da die Meldelitze vor Einbringen in die Kohlebürste abgelängt ist, muß sichergestellt sein, daß das freie Ende abisoliert ist. Hierzu kann vorgesehen werden, daß die Meldelitze nach dessen Ablängen und gegebenenfalls erfolgter Vorbehandlung mit einem Ätzmittel in einen Kleber vorzugsweise aus Polyurethan-Basis getaucht wird.Since the signal wire is cut to length before it is inserted into the carbon brush, it must be ensured that the free end is stripped. For this purpose, it can be provided that the signal wire is dipped into an adhesive, preferably made of polyurethane, after it has been cut to length and, if appropriate, pretreated with an etchant.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich nicht nur aus den Ansprüchen, den diesen zu entnehmenden Merkmalen - für sich und/oder in Kombination -, sondern auch aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von der Zeichnung zu entnehmenden bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen.Further details, advantages and features of the invention result not only from the claims, the features to be extracted from them - by themselves and / or in combination - but also from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments which can be found in the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Ausschnitt einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Kohlebürste,
Fig. 2
eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Kohlebürste im Schnitt und Seitenansicht,
Fig. 3
die Kohlebürste gemäß Fig. 2 in Vorderansicht,
Fig. 4
die Kohlebürste gemäß Fig. 2 in Draufsicht,
Fig. 5
eine dritte Ausführungsform einer Kohlebürste.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a section of a first embodiment of a carbon brush,
Fig. 2
2 shows a second embodiment of a carbon brush designed according to the invention in section and side view,
Fig. 3
2 in front view,
Fig. 4
2 in top view,
Fig. 5
a third embodiment of a carbon brush.

In den Fig. 1 bis 5, in denen grundsätzlich gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind, sind teilweise im Ausschnitt Kohlebürsten 10 bzw. 60 dargestellt, in denen eine stromführende Litze 12 und ein Abschaltnippel 14 angeordnet sein können (Fig. 1). Der Abschaltnippel 14 besteht aus isolierendem Material und ist in Richtung der Längsachse 16 der Kohlebürste 10 vorzugsweise mittels einer Schraubenfeder 18 federvorgespannt.1 to 5, in which basically the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals, carbon brushes 10 and 60 are partially shown in the cutout, in which a current-carrying wire 12 and a shut-off nipple 14 are arranged can (Fig. 1). The shut-off nipple 14 is made of insulating material and is preferably spring-biased in the direction of the longitudinal axis 16 of the carbon brush 10 by means of a helical spring 18.

Sowohl die Litze 12 als auch der Abschaltnippel 14 sind mittels Einstampf- wie Metallpulver 20 bzw. 22 eingestampft. Zwischen dem den Abschaltnippel 14 abdeckenden Einstampfpulver 22 und der diesem zugewandten Stirnseite kann zusätzlich ein Isolierplättchen 24 angeordnet sein, an dem sich die Schraubenfeder 18 abstützt.Both the strand 12 and the shut-off nipple 14 are stamped in by means of stamp-in powder or metal powder 20 or 22. An insulating plate 24, on which the helical spring 18 is supported, can additionally be arranged between the ramming powder 22 covering the shut-off nipple 14 and the end face facing it.

Die insoweit beschriebenen Elemente sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und können auch bekannte Modifizierungen erfahren.The elements described so far are known from the prior art and can also undergo known modifications.

Innerhalb der Kohlebürste 10 verläuft des weiteren ein Abschnitt 26 einer Meldelitze 28. Über die Meldelitze 28 soll ein Signal ausgelöst werden, nämlich dann, wenn die mit einem nicht dargestellten Kommutator oder Schleifring wechselwirkende Kohlebürste 10 in einem Umfang abgenutzt ist, daß ein Erneuern angebracht ist, also bevor die Kohlebürste 10 in einem Umfang verbraucht ist, daß der Abschaltnippel 14 die Kohlebürste von dem Schleifring bzw. dem Kommutator abhebt.A section 26 of a signaling wire 28 also runs within the carbon brush 10. A signal is to be triggered via the signaling wire 28, namely when the carbon brush 10 interacting with a commutator or slip ring (not shown) is worn to the extent that renewal is appropriate , that is, before the carbon brush 10 is consumed to such an extent that the shut-off nipple 14 lifts the carbon brush from the slip ring or the commutator.

Die Meldelitze 28, die im Ausführungsbeispiel in einer parallel zur Längsachse 16 der Kohlebürste 10 verlaufenden Ausnehmung wie abgesetzte Bohrung 30 verläuft, ist isoliert. Zumindest der in der Bohrung 30 verlaufende Abschnitt 26 kann zusätzlich von Teflonmaterial 31 umgeben sein.The signaling wire 28, which in the exemplary embodiment runs in a recess running parallel to the longitudinal axis 16 of the carbon brush 10, such as a stepped bore 30, is insulated. At least the section 26 extending in the bore 30 can additionally be surrounded by Teflon material 31.

Der sich in der Bohrung 30 erstreckende Abschnitt 26 der Meldelitze 28 verläuft in Längsrichtung der Bohrung 30.The section 26 of the signaling wire 28 which extends in the bore 30 runs in the longitudinal direction of the bore 30.

Der Abschnitt 26 der Meldelitze 28 ist bereichsweise von einer Hülse 32 umgeben, die einen flanschartig ausgebildeten oberen Rand 34 aufweist, der bei montierter Meldelitze 28 an einem Absatz 36 der abgestuften Bohrung 30 anliegt.The section 26 of the signaling wire 28 is partially surrounded by a sleeve 32 which has a flange-like upper edge 34 which, when mounted Signaling wire 28 abuts a shoulder 36 of the stepped bore 30.

Der Abschnitt 26 steht über der Hülse 32 vor, so daß sich das freie Ende 38 des Abschnittes 26 in einem Raum 44 erstreckt, der zwischen dem Boden 42 der Bohrung 30 und dem unteren Rand der Hülse 32 verläuft. Da das freie Ende 38 der Meldelitze 28 abisoliert ist, kann eine Isolierung gegebenenfalls mit einem Klebermaterial erfolgen, um nicht vorzeitig ein Signal zu erzeugen, das ansonsten durch beim Ablaufen der Kohlebürste erzeugten Kohlenstaub hervorgerufen werden könnte.The section 26 protrudes above the sleeve 32 so that the free end 38 of the section 26 extends in a space 44 which extends between the bottom 42 of the bore 30 and the lower edge of the sleeve 32. Since the free end 38 of the signaling wire 28 is stripped, insulation can optionally be carried out with an adhesive material in order not to generate a signal prematurely which could otherwise be caused by carbon dust generated when the carbon brush ran off.

Damit die Meldelitze 28 zu der Hülse 32 nicht verrutschen kann, werden diese miteinander z.B. durch Crimpen verquetscht. Dieser Bereich ist in Fig. 1 mit dem Bezugszeichen 40 gekennzeichnet.So that the signaling wire 28 cannot slip to the sleeve 32, these are interconnected e.g. squeezed by crimping. This area is identified in FIG. 1 by reference numeral 40.

Der flanschartige Rand oder Bund 34 ist in bezug auf die freie Oberfläche 46 der Seite der Kohlebürste 10 zurückversetzt angeordnet, von der die abgestufte Bohrung 30 ausgeht.The flange-like edge or collar 34 is arranged set back with respect to the free surface 46 of the side of the carbon brush 10 from which the stepped bore 30 extends.

Um die Hülse 32 und damit die Meldelitze 28 eindeutig zu positionieren, kann die Hülse in der Kohlebürste durch Klebermaterial oder durch einen Stift lagefixiert werden. Dies soll an Hand der Fig. 2 bis 5 erläutert werden.In order to clearly position the sleeve 32 and thus the signaling wire 28, the sleeve can be fixed in position in the carbon brush by adhesive material or by a pin. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

So ist in den Fig. 2 bis 4 eine Schichtkohlenbürste 60 dargestellt, die aus zusammengeklebten Schichten 62 und 64 besteht. Von der Stirnfläche 66 der Kohlebürste 60 geht einerseits die abgestufte Bohrung 30 für die nicht dargestellte Meldelitze 28 und andererseits eine schräg verlaufende Bohrung 68 für eine stromführende Litze aus.2 to 4, a layered carbon brush 60 is shown, which consists of layers 62 and 64 glued together. From the end face 66 of the carbon brush 60, on the one hand, the stepped bore 30 for the signaling wire 28, not shown, and on the other hand an oblique bore 68 for a current-carrying wire.

In die Bohrung 30 wird die Hülse 32 mit der nicht dargestellten Meldelitze eingebracht, wobei der Rand 34 der Hülse 32 auf dem Absatz 36 der gestuften Bohrung 30 aufliegt. Dieser Absatz 36 kann durch eine beliebige Querschnittsveränderung hervorgerufen werden.In the bore 30, the sleeve 32 is inserted with the signal wire, not shown, wherein the edge 34 of the sleeve 32 rests on the shoulder 36 of the stepped bore 30. This paragraph 36 can be caused by any change in cross section.

Um ein unkontrolliertes axiales Verschieben der Hülse 32 auszuschließen, verläuft von einer Seitenfläche 72 der Schicht 64 der Kohlebürste 60 eine senkrecht zur Längsachse 16 der Kohlebürste 60 sich erstreckende Ausnehmung wie Bohrung 74, in die ein Stift einbringbar ist. Dabei ist die Bohrung 74 bzw. der Stift dimensionsmäßig so ausgelegt, daß der Stift 76 auf der freien oberen Fläche des Randes 34 aufliegt.In order to rule out an uncontrolled axial displacement of the sleeve 32, a recess, such as bore 74, extends from a side surface 72 of the layer 64 of the carbon brush 60 and extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 16 of the carbon brush 60, into which a pin can be inserted. The bore 74 or the pin is dimensioned so that the pin 76 rests on the free upper surface of the edge 34.

Da sich die Bohrung 74 ausschließlich in einer der Schichten der Kohlebürste 60 erstreckt, können Spannungen zwischen den Schichten nicht auftreten, durch die ein Auseinanderplatzen oder das Ausbilden von Haarrissen in der Kohlebürste 60 ausgeschlossen ist.Since the bore 74 extends exclusively in one of the layers of the carbon brush 60, tensions cannot occur between the layers, by means of which a bursting apart or the formation of hairline cracks in the carbon brush 60 is excluded.

Die Lagefixierung der Hülse 32 in der Bohrung 30 der Kohlebürste 70 nach Fig. 5 erfolgt durch Klebermaterial, welches in den Raum 78 dosiert eingebracht wird, der sich zwischen der Oberfläche 80 der Kohlebürste 70 und der oberen freien Fläche des Bundes 34 der Hülse 32 erstreckt.The position of the sleeve 32 in the bore 30 of the carbon brush 70 according to FIG. 5 is achieved by adhesive material which is introduced in a metered manner into the space 78 which extends between the surface 80 of the carbon brush 70 and the upper free surface of the collar 34 of the sleeve 32 .

Da das Klebermaterial -angedeutet durch die geschwärzten Ecken 82 und 84 eist nach Positionieren der Hülse 32 in der Bohrung 30, also nach dem Aufliegen des Randes 34 auf dem Absatz 36 der Bohrung 30 eingebracht wird, gelangt nur eine geringe Klebermenge in den Bereich zwischen Hülse 32 bzw, deren Rand 34 und der Wandung der Bohrung 30. Dies wiederum hat zur Folge, daß Wärmedehnungen nicht zu Rissen führen können.Since the adhesive material, indicated by the blackened corners 82 and 84, is introduced after positioning the sleeve 32 in the bore 30, that is to say after the edge 34 has been placed on the shoulder 36 of the bore 30, only a small amount of adhesive reaches the area between the sleeve 32 or, whose edge 34 and the wall of the bore 30. This in turn has the consequence that thermal expansion cannot lead to cracks.

Zu erwähnen ist noch, daß eine Lagefixierung der Hülse 32 auch dadurch erfolgen kann, daß der Stift 76 nicht oberhalb des Bundes 34 verläuft, sondern sich seitlich entlang der Hülse erstreckt und diese tangential berührt, um eine Lagefixierung zu erreichen. Auch besteht die Möglichkeit, die Hülse durch ein von einer Seitenfläche und vorzugsweise senkrecht zur Längsachse der Hülse verlaufende Ausnehmung dadurch lagezufixieren, daß in diese z.B. Kohlenstoffmaterial eingestampft wird. Auch kann eine Lagefixierung durch z.B. ein Befestigungselement wie Schraube erfolgten.It should also be mentioned that the position of the sleeve 32 can also be fixed in that the pin 76 does not run above the collar 34, but extends laterally along the sleeve and touches it tangentially in order to achieve a position fixation. There is also the possibility of the sleeve by a side surface and Fixing the recess, preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve, by stamping carbon material into it, for example. A position fixation can also be done by, for example, a fastening element such as a screw.

Claims (7)

  1. A carbon brush (10, 60, 70) having a braided indicating wire (26, 28) and preferably a live braided wire arranged in the carbon brush and if necessary having a disconnecting nipple (14) made of an insulating material and springloaded in the longitudinal axis (16) of the carbon brush, where the braided indicating wire surrounded in some areas by a bottom surface (32) and having a portion that indicates a certain amount of carbon brush wear from the commutator or collector ring interacting with the carbon brush and that comes into electrically conductive contact in order to trigger a signal, is arranged in a recess (30) such as a blind bore extending in the longitudinal axis direction of the carbon brush and from a first carbon brush face (46, 80),
    wherein
    said bottom surface (32) has an inner wall (34) around it at least in parts and in contact with a core (36) of the recess, wherein the bottom surface with its outer edge surface passes at a distance from the associated first outer surface (46, 80) of the carbon brush (10, 60, 70) and wherein in the area (30, 78) formed between the outer surface of the bottom surface edge and the first carbon brush surface adhesive material is inserted and/or the braided indicating wire (26, 28) is fixed in position by a further (second) recess (74) extending from a lateral surface (72) of the carbon brush (60), with the braided indicating wire (26, 28) extending with its free end between the lower edge of the bottom surface and the bottom (42) of the recess.
  2. A carbon brush in accordance with Claim 1,
    wherein
    a pin element (76) running preferably above the inner wall (34) of the bottom surface (32) and in contact therewith is arranged in the second recess (74) running preferably vertical to the longitudinal axis (16) of the carbon brush (60).
  3. A carbon brush in accordance with Claim 1,
    wherein
    the bottom surface (32) is tamped down in the first recess (30) above the second recess (74) running preferably vertically to the longitudinal axis of the carbon brush (60).
  4. A carbon brush in accordance with at least one of the preceding Claims,
    wherein
    the flange-like edge (34) of the bottom surface (32) is arranged free or substantially free of play between the core (36) of the first recess (30) such as offset bore and the pin element (76).
  5. A carbon brush in accordance with at least one of the preceding Claims,
    wherein
    a pin element (76) fixing the position of the bottom surface (32) extends inside the said recess (74).
  6. A carbon brush in accordance with at least one of the preceding Claims, where the carbon brush is a layered carbon brush (60),
    wherein
    the second recess (74) running preferably vertical to the longitudinal axis (16) of the carbon brush (60) is exclusively inside one of the carbon brush layers (62, 64).
  7. A carbon brush in accordance with at least one of the preceding Claims,
    wherein
    the bottom surface (32) is crimped with the braided indicating wire (26, 28).
EP93111727A 1992-09-02 1993-07-22 Carbon brush Expired - Lifetime EP0585591B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96104231A EP0723318B1 (en) 1992-09-02 1993-07-22 Carbon brush

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9211524U DE9211524U1 (en) 1992-01-23 1992-09-02 Carbon brush
DE9211524U 1992-09-02

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96104231.4 Division-Into 1993-07-22
EP96104231A Division EP0723318B1 (en) 1992-09-02 1993-07-22 Carbon brush

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0585591A1 EP0585591A1 (en) 1994-03-09
EP0585591B1 true EP0585591B1 (en) 1997-03-05

Family

ID=6883115

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93111727A Expired - Lifetime EP0585591B1 (en) 1992-09-02 1993-07-22 Carbon brush
EP96104231A Expired - Lifetime EP0723318B1 (en) 1992-09-02 1993-07-22 Carbon brush

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96104231A Expired - Lifetime EP0723318B1 (en) 1992-09-02 1993-07-22 Carbon brush

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EP (2) EP0585591B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE149750T1 (en)
DE (2) DE59305574D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005063170B4 (en) * 2005-12-30 2011-12-08 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Method for equipping a carbon brush with a shutdown device
DE102008012963A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2009-09-17 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Method for producing a contact unit and contact unit
CN103427268A (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-12-04 海门市华联电碳有限公司 Safety carbon brush for electric pick
CN103427271A (en) * 2012-05-16 2013-12-04 海门市华联电碳有限公司 Porous carbon brush for electric grinder
CN103427279A (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-12-04 海门市华联电碳有限公司 Self-jumping carbon brush for electric grinder
DE102012209216A1 (en) 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Schunk Wien Gesellschaft M.B.H. Carbon brush with insulating ramming powder
DE102012209222A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Carbon brush with centering sleeve
CN119267550B (en) * 2024-09-30 2025-11-21 长城汽车股份有限公司 Commutator cleaning method and device, storage medium and vehicle

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2094469A5 (en) * 1970-06-23 1972-02-04 Lorraine Carbone
DE2461374A1 (en) * 1974-12-24 1976-07-08 Rheinische Kohlebuerstenfabrik CARBON BRUSH WITH DISCONNECT DEVICE
JPS589549A (en) * 1981-07-03 1983-01-19 Toshiba Corp Ground system for shaft
DE4034030A1 (en) * 1990-10-26 1992-04-30 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Carbon@ brush which cuts out when worn - has axial bore containing spring-loaded insulating nipple pressing against its convex inner end and held by transverse pin at other end
DE4111206A1 (en) * 1991-04-06 1992-10-08 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh COAL BRUSH

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE149750T1 (en) 1997-03-15
DE59305574D1 (en) 1997-04-10
EP0723318B1 (en) 1999-10-06
EP0585591A1 (en) 1994-03-09
DE59309829D1 (en) 1999-11-11
ATE185455T1 (en) 1999-10-15
EP0723318A3 (en) 1996-11-13
EP0723318A2 (en) 1996-07-24

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