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EP0412955B1 - Eléments de pente ainsi que construction de paroi ou de pente par l'emploi de ces éléments - Google Patents

Eléments de pente ainsi que construction de paroi ou de pente par l'emploi de ces éléments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0412955B1
EP0412955B1 EP90890225A EP90890225A EP0412955B1 EP 0412955 B1 EP0412955 B1 EP 0412955B1 EP 90890225 A EP90890225 A EP 90890225A EP 90890225 A EP90890225 A EP 90890225A EP 0412955 B1 EP0412955 B1 EP 0412955B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
incline
wall
front portion
member according
members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90890225A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0412955A2 (fr
EP0412955A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Rausch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RAUSCH, PETER
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication of EP0412955A3 publication Critical patent/EP0412955A3/de
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Publication of EP0412955B1 publication Critical patent/EP0412955B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an embankment element for the construction of walls or embankment structures that can be planted and filled with soil, which, when installed in a wall or embankment, consists of an approximately shield - like front part made of wood and a wall or embankment protruding from the embankment and one in the wall or earth-encased and earth-filled rear part received in the embankment, with which the front part is connected to support the wall or embankment.
  • embankment elements are known for the erection of walls or embankment structures filled with earth.
  • embankment elements made of concrete belong to the prior art, the front part of which protrudes from the embankment and the rear part of which extends into the embankment (cf. DE-A-38 10 031 or EP-A-0 320 639).
  • This known slope element consists of a uniform, one-piece body made of a homogeneous material, such as concrete.
  • US-A-4 671 706 describes an embankment element with an approximately shield-like front part which protrudes from the embankment and an essentially trough-like rear part which has a floor and extends into the embankment.
  • This slope element also represents a homogeneous body made of concrete or the like.
  • EP-A-0 320 639 describes an embankment block made of concrete, which consists of a shield-like front part and a frame-shaped rear part. This well-known slope module is also made in one piece from concrete.
  • DE-A 31 21 681 is a latticed wall made of prefabricated parts known. In this document, supports made entirely of wood are described as disadvantageous because the bottom of the wooden supports will rot sooner or later due to the water standing there. In DE-A 31 21 681 it is therefore proposed to manufacture the beams from concrete and to provide a paneling made of wood.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an embankment element which is not made of concrete, which gives the wall or embankment structure erected with it as natural as possible and which is made in composite construction, so that different front parts and rear parts can be combined with one another, if this is desired.
  • the embankment element according to the invention should also be designed such that it can be assembled from individual parts for reasons of economical storage and economical transport.
  • the embankment element according to the invention with its wooden front part initially offers the advantage, compared to embankment elements made of concrete or the like, that wood, as a poor heat conductor, prevents the earth with which the embankment element is filled from heating up as a result of solar radiation.
  • This effect is particularly important because wood only has about a tenth of the thermal conductivity of concrete.
  • This heat-insulating property benefits the growth of the plants with which the embankment structure or the wall is planted.
  • a further advantage of the wooden front parts provided according to the invention is given by the lower water absorption capacity of wood compared to concrete or the like. As is known, concrete extracts moisture from the soil and releases it into the air, which means that the plants tend to suffer from a lack of water.
  • the front part is a round wooden disc that has a straight underside.
  • the front part is a wooden board machined at its corners and / or edges, which has a straight underside.
  • the slope element according to the invention can also be characterized in that the underside of the front part is oriented essentially horizontally in the position of use of the slope element. This embodiment makes it easier to move the embankment elements according to the invention when a wall or an embankment structure is built from them.
  • the top of the rear part in the use position of the slope element is lower than the top of the front part and that the bottom of the rear part lies in one plane with the underside of the front part.
  • An embankment element designed in this way can be particularly easily filled with earth and at the same time offers a good hold for the wall or embankment structure constructed from the embankment elements according to the invention.
  • the rear part is composed of several individual parts made of wood.
  • both the front part and the rear part are made of impregnated wood, in particular pressure-impregnated wood.
  • the front part forms an acute angle with the vertical and is inclined forward.
  • the receiving space inside the embankment element which is delimited by the front part and the rear part, is enlarged and, in particular, does not impede the growth of plants with which the embankment structure or the wall is planted on its upper side.
  • the stability of the embankment element according to the invention or the wall or embankment structure erected from it is improved if, according to a proposal of the invention, it is provided that the inside corner between the top of the rear part and the back of the front part in the position of use of the embankment element essentially perpendicular above the front edge of the underside of the front part.
  • the slope element is characterized in that the underside of the rear web of the rear part parallel to the front part is arranged higher in the position of use of the slope element than the underside of the rear part and the underside of the front part.
  • the stability of the slope element according to the invention is further improved if it is provided that the front part is reinforced on its surface facing the rear part by a plate, for example a board made of wood. This also reduces the risk of the front part jumping.
  • the embankment element is composed of individual parts using releasable connecting elements, such as angles, hinges, socket pins, dowels, tongue and groove connections, screws or the like, then the embankment element not only can it be stored and transported in a space-saving manner, but it is also possible to put together embankment elements that are adapted to the respective circumstances.
  • the rear part has slots or the like on its upper side.
  • Receptacles for fixing anchor bands on embankment elements It can further be provided that the slots or the like. Recordings are provided in the webs of the rear part perpendicular to the front part. It is preferred if in the webs of the rear part in the section arranged between the slot and the web of the rear part running parallel to the front part, reinforcing elements, e.g. at least one nail are used.
  • receptacles designed as slots receptacles in the form of hooks, pins, eyes can also be provided, which protrude upward from the top of the rear parts of the slope elements and are fastened in or on the rear part.
  • This measure further improves the stability of walls or slope structures made from the slope elements according to the invention, since the elements are anchored using the so-called ground anchor method.
  • This also has the advantage that stable retaining walls or embankment structures can be erected with a relatively light wall construction.
  • the reinforcement elements next to the sledges prevent the wooden bridges from breaking out.
  • an embankment element can be used, which according to the invention is thereby characterized in that it is symmetrical, the rear part being arranged as a central part between two front parts.
  • the invention also extends to walls or embankment structures made from embankment elements according to the invention.
  • such a wall or an embankment structure can be characterized in that the embankment elements are connected to ground anchor bands or the like, which are attached to opposite embankment elements, in particular the rear parts of opposite embankment elements.
  • the wall or the embankment structure has the peculiarity that the embankment elements are connected with ground anchor bands or the like, which are anchored in the backfilling of the wall or the embankment.
  • ground anchor bands are inserted into the slots or the like. Receptacles of the slope elements.
  • the ground anchor bands are fixed to anchors inserted in the backfill of the wall or the embankment. It is preferred if an anchor peg is provided as an anchor behind each slope element.
  • anchoring tapes are preferably used which are textile tapes made of rot-proof material and closed to form endless loops. Endless loops can also be closed by means of connecting means such as buckles, clamps or the like, which tension or adjust the length of the Allow loop.
  • a wall of embankment elements according to the invention can also be characterized in that at least some embankment elements are attached to a vertical wall or the like via their rear parts, in particular the webs of the rear parts, which are essentially parallel to the front part.
  • slope elements will be attached to the wall, which are arranged at a certain distance above the ground, for example at a distance of 1.5 m above the ground.
  • the slope element shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 consists of a front part 1, which is a round wood disc and a rear part 2 composed of wooden strips or panels 11 or 12. As shown in particular in FIG. 2, the front part 1 is inclined inclined forward, the arrangement being such that the inner corner 7 between the rear of the front part 1 and the upper end face 4 of the rear part 2 in the use position of the slope element is arranged substantially perpendicularly above the front edge 8 of the underside 3 of the front part 1.
  • FIG. 2 it can also be seen that the bottom 6 of the rear part 2 and the just formed bottom 3 of the front part 1 are arranged in one plane. In contrast, the top 4 of the rear part 2 is arranged at a distance below the top 5 of the front part 1.
  • a front part can be used which, as shown in FIG. 3, consists of a wooden board, the vertical and upper horizontal edges of which are chamfered, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the front part 1 can with the help of a board or a plate on its rear side facing the rear part 2 be reinforced to avoid cracking. Furthermore, it is possible to reinforce the front part 1 on its rear side with a covering made of glass fiber-reinforced synthetic resin or the like.
  • the rear part 2 of the same is frame-like and made of wood.
  • the rear part is composed of individual parts (webs 11 and 12) and is held together with the aid of known connecting elements, not shown in the drawing.
  • the connecting elements are preferably such that the rear part 2 can be easily assembled, and also the connecting elements which connect the front part 1 to the rear part 2 are selected so that a simple connection is possible.
  • the slope elements according to the invention can be stacked vertically one above the other, so that vertical walls can also be erected (cf. FIGS. 7, 9 and 11).
  • the inclined position of the front parts 1 of the embankment elements according to the invention is very advantageous for supporting the embankment between the embankment elements because a flatter design of the embankment is made possible than with vertical front parts of the embankment elements.
  • the inclination of the front parts also increases the planting area, which is generally the goal when creating embankment structures.
  • the front part 1 shown in Fig. 3 is made of a wooden board, which is processed at its corners and edges.
  • grooves can be milled into the rear of the front part 1, mounting holes drilled in or connecting elements such as hinges, angles, pins or the like can be fastened.
  • slope element 5 shows in longitudinal section a double-sided slope element. This has front parts 1 on both end faces, which are connected to a preferably frame-shaped central part 10.
  • Such slope elements can e.g. for the erection of vertical, free-standing walls, such as noise or privacy screens. But it is also possible to use these embankment elements for the production of beds.
  • the embankment element shown in FIG. 6 is made entirely of wood and has a front part 1 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and a rear part 2.
  • the web 11 running parallel to the front part 1 is Rear part 2 attached to the rear end faces of the two webs 12 perpendicular to the front part 1.
  • a slot 13 is provided in each web 12 on the upper side thereof, into which the anchoring band 14, also indicated schematically in FIG. 6, can be hung.
  • the ground anchor tape 14 is preferably a textile tape made of rot-proof material, such as a plastic (eg nylon or Perlon). Between the slots 13 and the crossbar 11 are inserted into the webs 12 of the rear part 2 reinforcing elements, for example nails 22.
  • the support wall shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 consists of embankment elements stacked vertically one above the other and offset from one another in the various groups, it being shown that the front parts 1 of these embankment elements are reinforced on their rear side by a further plate 21 made of wood.
  • 7 and 8 show how the slope elements are anchored to the ground anchor bands 14 on an anchor peg 15.
  • the ground anchor bands 14 are suspended in the slots 13 in the webs 12 of the rear part 2 of the slope elements.
  • Fig. 8 shows that an anchor peg 15 is provided behind embankment elements one above the other.
  • embankment elements which are stacked vertically one above the other and offset are provided on both sides of the wall, according to the invention, between which soil is filled.
  • the ground anchor bands 14 are each suspended in the slots 13 in the rear parts 2 of opposite embankment elements.
  • ballast beds 17 are provided under the lowest embankment elements in order to form a secure standing surface.
  • FIG. 10 shows how a wall 16, in front of which a profiled earth filling 18 is provided, can be clad using embankment elements according to the invention.
  • a ballast bed 17 is provided under the lowest embankment element.
  • FIG. 11 shows how a wall 16 can be covered vertically, using slope elements according to the invention which are stacked vertically one above the other. It is provided that from a height of approximately 1.5 m the slope elements are anchored in the masonry 16 via their webs 11 running parallel to the front parts 1, as is indicated in FIG. 11 by the wall plug 20. Even in the case of the vertical wall cladding made of embankment elements according to the invention, a ballast bed 17 is provided under the lowest embankment element and moisture insulation 19 is provided between the earth filling and the masonry.
  • slope elements In the case of walls made of the slope elements according to the invention, not all slope elements e.g. be anchored with anchor bands 14. In certain cases it is sufficient to anchor individual slope elements. This also applies to the supporting wall or noise barrier shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Elément de talus pour l'érection de murs ou de talus à planter remplis de terre, lequel élément à l'état installé dans un mur ou un talus se compose d'une partie avant (1) en bois, sensiblement en forme de plaque, qui fait saillie hors du mur ou du bouclier et d'une partie arrière (2) qui est logée dans le mur ou le talus, est entourée et remplie de terre et est liée à la partie avant (1) pour soutenir le mur ou le talus, caractérisé par le fait que la partie avant (1) et la partie arrière (2) sont exclusivement en bois et par le fait que l'élément de talus ne comporte pas de fond.
  2. Elément de talus selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la partie avant (1) est une tranche ou un rondeau de bois qui comporte une face inférieure (3) rectiligne.
  3. Elément de talus selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la partie avant (1) est une planche de bois dont les angles et/ou les arêtes sont usinées et qui comporte une face inférieure (3) rectiligne.
  4. Elément de talus selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'en position d'utilisation de l'élément de talus, la face inférieure (3) de la partie avant (1) est disposée sensiblement horizontalement.
  5. Elément de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'en position d'utilisation de l'élément de talus, la face supérieure (4) de la partie arrière (2) est disposée à un niveau plus bas que la face supérieure (5) de la partie avant (1) et par le fait que la face inférieure (6) de la partie arrière (2) est disposée dans un même plan avec la face inférieure (3) de la partie avant (1).
  6. Elément de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que la partie arrière (2) est constituée de plus pièces (11, 12) en bois.
  7. Elément de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que la partie avant (1) forme un angle aigu avec la verticale et est inclinée vers l'avant.
  8. Elément de talus selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'en position d'utilisation de l'élément de talus, l'angle intérieur (7) entre la face supérieure (4) de la partie arrière (2) et la face arrière de la partie avant (1) est sensiblement situé à la verticale au-dessus de l'arête (8) avant de la face inférieure (3) de la partie avant (1).
  9. Elément de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'en position d'utilisation de l'élément de talus, la face inférieure (3) de la traverse arrière de la partie arrière (2) parallèle à la partie avant (1) est disposée plus haut que la face inférieure (6) de la partie arrière (2) et que la face inférieure (3) de la partie avant (1).
  10. Elément de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que la partie avant (1), au niveau de sa face tournée vers la partie arrière (2), est renforcée par une plaque (21), par exemple une planche de bois.
  11. Elément de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est constitué d'éléments (1, 11, 12) séparés assemblés au moyen d'éléments d'assemblage démontables tels que des équerres, des charnières, des chevilles, des broches, des systèmes à rainure et languette, des vis ou analogues.
  12. Elément de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que la partie arrière (2), présente sur sa face supérieure (4) des fentes (13) ou des moyens de réception analogues pour des sangles d'ancrage.
  13. Elément de talus selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que les fentes (13) ou les moyens de réception analogues, sont prévus dans les montants (12) de la partie arrière (2) perpendiculaires à la partie avant (1).
  14. Elément de talus selon la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que des éléments de renfort (22), par exemple au moins un clou sont placés dans les montants (12) de la partie arrière (2), dans la partie située entre la fente (13) et la traverse (11) de la partie arrière (2) parallèle à la partie avant (1).
  15. Elément de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait qu'il agencé de manière symétrique, la partie arrière (2), en tant que partie médiane étant disposée entre deux parties avant (1).
  16. Mur ou talus formé d'éléments de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de talus ou quelques éléments de talus sont liés au moyen de sangles d'ancrage dans la terre (14) ou analogues qui sont fixées à des éléments de talus situés en vis-à-vis, notamment aux parties arrières (2) d'éléments de talus situés en vis-à-vis.
  17. Mur ou talus formé d'éléments de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de talus ou quelques éléments de talus sont liés au moyen de sangles d'ancrage dans la terre (14) ou analogues qui sont ancrées dans le remplissage du mur ou du talus.
  18. Mur ou talus formé d'éléments de talus selon la revendication 16 à 17, caractérisé par le fait que les sangles d'ancrage dans la terre (14) sont placées dans les fentes (13) ou les moyens analogues des éléments de talus.
  19. Mur ou talus formé d'éléments de talus selon la revendication 17, caractérisé par le fait que les sangles d'ancrage dans la terre (14) sont fixées sur des moyens d'ancrage (15) placés dans le remplissage du mur ou du talus.
  20. Mur ou talus formé d'éléments de talus selon la revendication 19, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu, derrière des éléments de talus superposés verticalment, un pieu d'ancrage (15) formant ancrage.
  21. Mur ou talus formé d'éléments de talus selon l'une des revendications 16 à 20, caractérisé par le fait que les sangles d'ancrage dans la terre (14) sont des sangles textiles en matériau imputrescible qui forment des boucles sans fin, éventuellement dont la longueur peut être modifiée.
  22. Mur ou talus formé d'éléments de talus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins quelques éléments de talus sont fixés sur un mur vertical ou une partie de construction analogue par l'intermédiaire de leur partie arrière (2), notamment par la traverse de la partie arrière (2) sensiblement parallèle à la partie avant (1).
EP90890225A 1989-08-07 1990-07-25 Eléments de pente ainsi que construction de paroi ou de pente par l'emploi de ces éléments Expired - Lifetime EP0412955B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1885/89 1989-08-07
AT188589 1989-08-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0412955A2 EP0412955A2 (fr) 1991-02-13
EP0412955A3 EP0412955A3 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0412955B1 true EP0412955B1 (fr) 1994-01-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90890225A Expired - Lifetime EP0412955B1 (fr) 1989-08-07 1990-07-25 Eléments de pente ainsi que construction de paroi ou de pente par l'emploi de ces éléments

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0412955B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE100882T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59004391D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010036185A1 (de) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-08 Christian Gartner Trockenmauerelement für Schallschutzwände oder Hangabsicherungen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3121681A1 (de) * 1980-06-04 1982-02-11 Peter Ing. 8621 Thörl Steiermark Rausch Gitterfoermige wand aus fertigteilen
DE8213804U1 (de) * 1981-05-19 1982-10-28 Gröflin Werkzeugbau und Stanzerei, 4104 Oberwil Bauelement
CA1247870A (fr) * 1985-10-17 1989-01-03 Arnaldo Giardini Bloc en beton pour mur de soutenement
ES1002391Y (es) * 1987-04-15 1989-01-16 Domingo Gallart Angel Estructura prefabricada para la construccion de gradas y muros

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59004391D1 (de) 1994-03-10
EP0412955A2 (fr) 1991-02-13
EP0412955A3 (en) 1991-07-03
ATE100882T1 (de) 1994-02-15

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