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EP0484345B1 - Improvements in and relating to composite beams - Google Patents

Improvements in and relating to composite beams Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0484345B1
EP0484345B1 EP90909826A EP90909826A EP0484345B1 EP 0484345 B1 EP0484345 B1 EP 0484345B1 EP 90909826 A EP90909826 A EP 90909826A EP 90909826 A EP90909826 A EP 90909826A EP 0484345 B1 EP0484345 B1 EP 0484345B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ladder
profiles
concrete
steel
connecting elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90909826A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0484345A1 (en
Inventor
Jörgen Thor
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0484345A1 publication Critical patent/EP0484345A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/293—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being steel and concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B5/29—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated the prefabricated parts of the beams consisting wholly of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement in a twin-webbed floor beam of steel in composite action with concrete, wherein said beam comprises at least one projecting, horizontal bearing plate for supporting floor structures and said improvement consists of a ladder intended to be fastened to an upper part of the beam in its longitudinal extension.
  • the load carrying capacity of the steel cross-section itself often is so limited that not even the dead load of the floor can be supported, hence the beam must be propped until the concrete has obtained the strength required.
  • the propping involves an evident drawback, since it often is a bar for rational construction.
  • US-A-2 731 824 discloses a steel beam comprising a projecting horizontal bearing plate suitable for supporting floor structures and a ladder which is fastened to an upper part of the beam, and which comprises two longitudinal profiles running parallel to and in a predetermined distance from each other and a number of transverse connecting elements extending between said profiles in a predetermined distance from each other.
  • the function is not a static composite action construction between steel and concrete as the fact is according to the present invention, but the concrete takes mainly the the forces and the function of the steel envelope or housing is to facilitate cross-connecting between the arces.
  • the ties which have a ladderlike appearance have no force transfering function, but only a function in keeping together the two parts of the steel envelope.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improvement in the form of a separate and prefabricated ladder in composite beams by which the steel area of the upper part of a beam in a simple way can be increased and hereby increase the compression zone of the steel cross-section before the hardening of the concrete.
  • the ladder also means that the manufacturing of the same can be rationalized in that it can be prefabricated in a number of variants and sizes and be kept in stock for use to different beam sizes depending on loads and spans.
  • the ladder also has such a design that it very easy and quickly can be fixed to the upper part of a floor structure supporting beam e.g by longutudinal, intermittent welding, which also can be performed by an automatic machine.
  • the beam 1 is made of steel and has a form not closer illustrated in the drawing, which admits a composite action with concrete and comprises at least one projecting, horizontal bearing plate 3 for supporting floor structures 4.
  • the prefabricated ladder 2 comprises at least two longitudinal profiles 5 running parallel to and at a predetermined distance from each other, said profiles 5 are positionally fixable to the upper part 6 of the beam 1.
  • the profiles 5 consist of steel bars of rectangular cross section.
  • a number of transverse connecting elements 7 provided in a predetermined distance from each other extend between the profiles 5.
  • the connecting elements 7 consist of steel angle profiles with an apex formation 8, which are fixed by welding to the longitudinal profiles 5 with their axes perpendicular to the webs of said twin-webbed beam.
  • the connecting elements 7 can be designed with any suitable form, but steel angle profiles are to be preferred.
  • the connecting elements 7 are mounted parallel to each other with a mutual spacing of about 200-600 mm along the whole extension of the ladder 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an improvement in a steel beam in composite action with concrete, said beam (1) comprises at least one projecting, horizontal bearing plate (3) for supporting floor structures (4) and said improvement is intended to be fastened to an upper part (6) of the beam in its longitudinal extension. The improvement consists of a prefabricated ladder (2) comprising at least two longitudinal profiles (5), running parallel to and in a predetermined distance from each other, said profiles can be fixed in position to the upper part (6) of the beam (1) and between said profiles a number of transverse connecting elements (7) extend in a predetermined distance from each other for necessary transmission of shear force in reaching static composite action between the beam (1) and concrete which is performed later and said ladder (2) in increasing of the compression zone of the steel cross-section is intended to improve the load carrying capacity of the beam (1) before casting and in this way eliminate the need of propping before the concrete has hardened.

Description

  • The present invention relates to an improvement in a twin-webbed floor beam of steel in composite action with concrete, wherein said beam comprises at least one projecting, horizontal bearing plate for supporting floor structures and said improvement consists of a ladder intended to be fastened to an upper part of the beam in its longitudinal extension.
  • For steel beams in composite action with concrete it is necessary that the transmission of shear force between the steel cross-section and concrete is guaranteed. This is often done by aid of so called studs (bolts), which are welded to the steel beam, preferably to its upper flange. Depending on actual forces which shall be transmitted, a lot of studs can be required. In the composite cross-section concrete only takes up compression forces, sometimes together with a smaller part of the steel cross-section, while the tensile forces are only taken up by the steel. Before the concrete has hardened the load carrying capacity is therefore limited since the concrete compression zone is lacking. The load carrying capacity of the steel cross-section itself often is so limited that not even the dead load of the floor can be supported, hence the beam must be propped until the concrete has obtained the strength required. The propping involves an evident drawback, since it often is a bar for rational construction.
  • US-A-2 731 824 discloses a steel beam comprising a projecting horizontal bearing plate suitable for supporting floor structures and a ladder which is fastened to an upper part of the beam, and which comprises two longitudinal profiles running parallel to and in a predetermined distance from each other and a number of transverse connecting elements extending between said profiles in a predetermined distance from each other. However, here the function is not a static composite action construction between steel and concrete as the fact is according to the present invention, but the concrete takes mainly the the forces and the function of the steel envelope or housing is to facilitate cross-connecting between the arces. The ties which have a ladderlike appearance have no force transfering function, but only a function in keeping together the two parts of the steel envelope.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improvement in the form of a separate and prefabricated ladder in composite beams by which the steel area of the upper part of a beam in a simple way can be increased and hereby increase the compression zone of the steel cross-section before the hardening of the concrete. By this the need for propping is eliminated in the same time as said ladder in an effective way guarantee the transmission of shear force between steel and concrete in the composite cross-section. The ladder also means that the manufacturing of the same can be rationalized in that it can be prefabricated in a number of variants and sizes and be kept in stock for use to different beam sizes depending on loads and spans. The ladder also has such a design that it very easy and quickly can be fixed to the upper part of a floor structure supporting beam e.g by longutudinal, intermittent welding, which also can be performed by an automatic machine. The characteristic features of the invention are set forth in the following claims.
  • The invention will now be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates a preferable embodiment of the ladder according to the invention in a schematic perspective view, when it is mounted to the upper part of a steel beam schematically indicated.
  • As will be seen from the drawing it illustrates a schematically indicated, as a composite beam formed steel twin-webbed beam 1 in a perspective view having a preferable embodiment of the present invention in the form of a prefabricated ladder 2, which is fastened to an upper part 6 of the beam 1 in its longitudinal extension. The beam 1 is made of steel and has a form not closer illustrated in the drawing, which admits a composite action with concrete and comprises at least one projecting, horizontal bearing plate 3 for supporting floor structures 4. The prefabricated ladder 2 comprises at least two longitudinal profiles 5 running parallel to and at a predetermined distance from each other, said profiles 5 are positionally fixable to the upper part 6 of the beam 1. In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the profiles 5 consist of steel bars of rectangular cross section. A number of transverse connecting elements 7 provided in a predetermined distance from each other extend between the profiles 5. These bring about necessary transmission of shear force for static composite action between the beam 1 and concrete which is performed later.
  • In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the connecting elements 7 consist of steel angle profiles with an apex formation 8, which are fixed by welding to the longitudinal profiles 5 with their axes perpendicular to the webs of said twin-webbed beam. The connecting elements 7 can be designed with any suitable form, but steel angle profiles are to be preferred. The connecting elements 7 are mounted parallel to each other with a mutual spacing of about 200-600 mm along the whole extension of the ladder 2.

Claims (4)

  1. A ladder in a steel twin-webbed beam (1) for use in composite action with concrete, said beam (1) comprising at least a projecting, horizontal bearing plate (3) for supporting floor structures (4) and said ladder (2) being fastenable to an upper part (6) of said twin-webbed beam (1), characterized in that said ladder (2) is a separate and prefabricated ladder comprising at least two longitudinal profiles (5) running parallel to and at a predetermined distance from each other, said profiles (5) are positionally fixable to the upper part (6) of the beam (1) and between said profiles a number of transverse shear connecting elements (7) extend at a pre-determined spacing from each other for transfer of shear force between the beam (1) and concrete under said composite action.
  2. A ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting elements (7) consist of steel angle profiles, which are fixed to the longitudinal profiles (5) with their axes perpendicular to the webs of said twin-webbed beam.
  3. A ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal profiles (5) consist of steel bars of rectangular cross section.
  4. A ladder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting elements (7) are provided parallel to each other with a mutual spacing of about 200-600 mm.
EP90909826A 1989-06-15 1990-06-15 Improvements in and relating to composite beams Expired - Lifetime EP0484345B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8902163 1989-06-15
SE8902163A SE466609B (en) 1989-06-15 1989-06-15 DEVICE AT A COLLABORATION BALL
PCT/SE1990/000427 WO1990015907A1 (en) 1989-06-15 1990-06-15 Improvements in and relating to composite beams

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0484345A1 EP0484345A1 (en) 1992-05-13
EP0484345B1 true EP0484345B1 (en) 1994-12-21

Family

ID=20376291

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90909826A Expired - Lifetime EP0484345B1 (en) 1989-06-15 1990-06-15 Improvements in and relating to composite beams

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0484345B1 (en)
AU (1) AU5846090A (en)
DE (1) DE69015360T2 (en)
SE (1) SE466609B (en)
WO (1) WO1990015907A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2731824A (en) * 1956-01-24 hadley
DE3366105D1 (en) * 1982-09-20 1986-10-16 South African Inventions Composite floor structures
SE448897B (en) * 1983-06-21 1987-03-23 Rolf Nystrom Joist-supporting steel beam
US4646496A (en) * 1985-03-21 1987-03-03 Wilnau John A Structural wall and concrete form system
SE457364B (en) * 1987-05-11 1988-12-19 Joergen Thor FIRE-RESISTABLE BEAM LAYER Beam OF STEEL IN CONNECTION WITH CONCRETE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8902163L (en) 1990-12-16
DE69015360T2 (en) 1995-08-10
DE69015360D1 (en) 1995-02-02
WO1990015907A1 (en) 1990-12-27
SE466609B (en) 1992-03-09
EP0484345A1 (en) 1992-05-13
SE8902163D0 (en) 1989-06-15
AU5846090A (en) 1991-01-08

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