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EP0459341B1 - Sorting device for waste glass - Google Patents

Sorting device for waste glass Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0459341B1
EP0459341B1 EP91108563A EP91108563A EP0459341B1 EP 0459341 B1 EP0459341 B1 EP 0459341B1 EP 91108563 A EP91108563 A EP 91108563A EP 91108563 A EP91108563 A EP 91108563A EP 0459341 B1 EP0459341 B1 EP 0459341B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fragment
fragments
edge
chute
sorting device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91108563A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0459341A2 (en
EP0459341A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Seichter
Michael Dipl.-Ing. Meinen
Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Trauernicht
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Seichter GmbH
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Seichter GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19904017130 external-priority patent/DE4017130A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19904017128 external-priority patent/DE4017128A1/en
Application filed by Seichter GmbH filed Critical Seichter GmbH
Publication of EP0459341A2 publication Critical patent/EP0459341A2/en
Publication of EP0459341A3 publication Critical patent/EP0459341A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0459341B1 publication Critical patent/EP0459341B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for sorting waste glass according to its color.
  • a device for sorting waste glass is known from DE-A1- 31 19 329.
  • the old glass pieces are moved over a transport area.
  • the color of the piece of old glass is recognized by means of a color recognition device and the piece of old glass can be conveyed out over an open edge of the transport path with a slide.
  • this known device only whole pieces or only partially broken old hollow glasses can be sorted.
  • the waste glass is broken up into fragments with an edge length of approximately 5 to 50 mm.
  • the fragments are then guided past a color recognition unit via a U-shaped slide.
  • the color recognition unit sends light through the fragment and determines the absorption of the light in the fragment. It is determined whether the fragment is colored, clear or opaque.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the discharge devices.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sorting device according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows two side-by-side sorting devices in plan view.
  • the sorting chute in FIG. 1 is constructed from a metal angle with a leg 1 lying in the plane of the drawing and a leg 2 protruding in the direction of the viewer from the plane of the drawing.
  • the leg 2 is covered with a glass plate 3 on which fragments 4 lie flat and from the right slide to the bottom left of the drawing.
  • the angle of inclination of the slide is so large that existing frictional forces are overcome. It is approximately 30 degrees in FIG. 1.
  • the chute 1, 2 is tilted about its longitudinal axis in such a way that the fragments 4 slide against the edge (38 in FIG. 2) of the leg 2 facing the leg 1.
  • 10 - 17 fragment detection sensors are provided at several locations. At positions 10, 12, 14 and 16 z. B. color detection sensors and at points 11, 13, 15 and 17 metal detection sensors are provided.
  • An air nozzle 18-21 belongs to each of a color detection sensor and a metal detection sensor. The air nozzles are able to apply a force pulse to the fragment, which is directed in such a way that the fragment is accelerated away from the leg 1. The air nozzles 18-21 are arranged so that the air flow hits the narrow edge of the fragment. The fragment 4 is thus hit at the center of gravity. As a result, the fragment 4 is really moved in the direction of the pulse and does not perform any uncontrollable rotary movements.
  • the fragment 4 When sliding past the air nozzle, the fragment 4 is z for a very short time. B. 0.1 seconds with a pressure pulse. This pulse accelerates the fragment 4 perpendicular to the normal direction of movement of the fragment. It falls over the edge of the leg 2 from the slide.
  • a drop chute is assigned to each air nozzle 18-21.
  • the chutes are separated from one another by partitions 22 and end at the bottom on conveyors which are not shown here.
  • No air nozzle is assigned to the chute on the far left in FIG. 1. Parts are conveyed here that were not conveyed to any detection station.
  • the chute 1, 2 simply has a boundary wall 23 at its lower end. The parts that have not previously been conveyed out collide against this wall 23 and, since the parts are piled up, fall down from the slide into the chute below. This desired jamming effect on the wall 23 prevents the parts of the device from being worn out by the impact.
  • green glass is sorted out, including the other glass colors that were not sorted out at the first two sorting points.
  • the first three digits are each equipped with a metal detection sensor 11, 13 and 15 in order to exclude fragments that have metal residues from being sorted out. Such fragments that still carry remnants of metal, and also individual pieces of metal should only be sorted out at the fourth air nozzle 21.
  • This fourth sorting point can again be equipped with a color sensor 16 and a metal detection sensor 17. However, it is sufficient to provide only one light barrier which registers the passage of the fragment and allows the air nozzle 21 to respond at the right time. The fact that it is a fragment containing metal has already been recognized by the previous sorting point 14, 15, 20 with the metal detector 15 present there. The light barrier then only serves to precisely determine the time of ejection.
  • the order can also be chosen from other points of view. E.g. the air consumption can be minimized if the most frequently occurring fraction in the mixing glass is discharged last without bubbles.
  • the disks 5 - 9, against which the fragments 4 abut during sliding, are arranged next to one another with an intermediate space 24.
  • the gap 24 is so large that the air nozzles 18-21 fit through this slot.
  • the fragments 4 could each abut the front edge of each glass pane 5-9. Such a collision could cause the fragment 4 to move in an uncontrolled manner and hinder the sliding movement or also lead to an undesired removal.
  • the end of the glass panes 6, 7, 8, 9 is lifted by a few tenths of a millimeter from the leg 1 of the angle 1, 2, e.g. B. by placing a spacer.
  • the glass panes are arranged in a scale-like manner. Each time towards the end of the glass pane, the fragment 4 is rejected somewhat more by the leg 1 than at the beginning of the pane. This prevents a collision with the front edge of the pane.
  • the scale structure by a one-piece, appropriately shaped disc. Suitable openings must then be provided for the air nozzle 18-21. This disc can then completely form the angle 1,2.
  • FIG. 2 shows the same sorting device as Figure 1 in plan view. Two sorting devices are shown parallel to one another in order to describe a further detail of the sorting devices. The same parts contain the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.
  • valve blocks 27-30 are visible, which are supplied with air via an air supply hose 31.
  • the valve blocks are connected to one another by means of connecting pipes 33 for the supply of air.
  • the valve blocks 27-30 contain air channels and electromagnetically actuated valves which can release the air flow to the air nozzles 18-21 mentioned in FIG.
  • the valve block 30 contains an additional outlet hose 32 and an additional valve for controlling the supply of fragments to the sorting channel.
  • the feed device is not described in detail here.
  • Line 34 shows the path of a piece of white glass.
  • the fragment is recognized as white glass on the color recognition sensor 10.
  • the metal detector 11 recognizes that there is no piece of metal and is not contaminated with metal residues. Because these two conditions are met, the nozzle 18 is actuated at the right time and the fragment 4 is deflected along the line 34.
  • the fragment 4 is thrown onto a plate 35, where a pile 36 of white glass fragments has already accumulated.
  • the accumulated pile 36 of the fragments protects the plate 35 against wear from the impact.
  • the heap 36 is heaped up high enough, the fragments fall in the direction of arrow 37 into the chute below. In the same way, collecting plates 35 are provided in the other chutes, but are not shown.
  • Suitable sensors for determining the type of fragments and output drivers for controlling the valve blocks 27-30 are connected to the computer via analog channels.
  • the fragment is illuminated from below with a white light beam for color recognition.
  • a plurality of optical sensors are arranged above the slide 2, which deliver analog intensity signals for different spectral ranges (for example “red”, “green” and “blue”). These signals are fed to the analog channels of the single board computer.
  • metal detection sensors 11, 13, 15 and 17 which use the eddy current loss of a coil fed with alternating current for detection.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zum Sortieren von Altglas nach ihrer Farbe. Eine solche Einrichtung ist durch die DE-A1- 31 19 329 kekannt. Dort werden die Altglasstücke über eine Transportfläche bewegt. Mittels eines Farberkennungsgerätes wird die Farbe des Altglasstückes erkannt und mit einem Schieber kann das Altglasstück über eine offene Kante der Transportbahn ausgefördert werden. Bei dieser bekannten Einrichtung können nur ganzstückige oder nur teilweise zerbrochene Althohlgläser sortiert werden. Es ist jedoch erwünscht alles anfallende Altglas farblich zu sortieren.
Dieses Ziel wird bei einem anderen bekannten Verfahren erreicht, das in der DE-A1- 38 04 391.2 und EP-A2 - 0 328 126 beschrieben ist. Dort wird das Altglas in Bruchstücke mit einer Kantenlänge von etwa 5 bis 50 mm zerkleinert. Die Bruchstücke werden dann über eine U-förmige Rutsche an einer Farberkennungseinheit vorbeigeführt. Die Farberkennungseinheit sendet Licht durch das Bruchstück und ermittelt die Absorbtion des Lichtes in dem Bruchstück. Dabei wird ermittelt, ob das Bruchstück farbig, klar oder undurchsichtig ist.The invention relates to a device for sorting waste glass according to its color. Such a device is known from DE-A1- 31 19 329. There, the old glass pieces are moved over a transport area. The color of the piece of old glass is recognized by means of a color recognition device and the piece of old glass can be conveyed out over an open edge of the transport path with a slide. In this known device, only whole pieces or only partially broken old hollow glasses can be sorted. However, it is desirable to sort all waste glass by color.
This goal is achieved in another known method, which is described in DE-A1- 38 04 391.2 and EP-A2 - 0 328 126. There the waste glass is broken up into fragments with an edge length of approximately 5 to 50 mm. The fragments are then guided past a color recognition unit via a U-shaped slide. The color recognition unit sends light through the fragment and determines the absorption of the light in the fragment. It is determined whether the fragment is colored, clear or opaque.

Zur Sortierung der Bruchstücke sind mehrere Rinnen übereinander angeordnet. Die Verteilung der Bruchstücke auf die einzelnen Rinnen je nach Art des Bruchstückes erfolgt über Bodenöffnungen im Boden der Rutsche. Die Bodenöffnungen sind mit Klappen versehen, die von Elektromagneten betätigt werden können. Die tieferliegenden Rinnen sind jeweils wieder mit Bodenöffnungen versehen. Durch ganz bestimmte Betätigung der Bodenklappen kann erreicht werden, daß die Bruchstücke über die gewünschte Rinne ausgeführt und entsprechenden Fördereinrichtungen zugeführt werden. Das Bruchstück muß nach der Erkennung auf seinem Weg bis zur Ausförderung, im zeitlich ungünstigsten Fall bis zur letzten Bodenklappe, durch Steueraktionen begleitet werden.Several trays are arranged one above the other to sort the fragments. The distribution of the fragments on the individual channels, depending on the type of fragment, takes place via floor openings in the bottom of the slide. The bottom openings are provided with flaps that can be actuated by electromagnets. The lower channels are each provided with floor openings. By very specific actuation of the bottom flaps it can be achieved that the fragments are carried out over the desired channel and fed to corresponding conveying devices. After detection, the fragment must be accompanied by tax actions on its way to extraction, in the worst-case scenario to the last bottom hatch.

Der konstruktive Aufwand für die Ausfördereinrichtungen ist sehr hoch.The design effort for the discharge devices is very high.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Ausfördereinrichtungen zu vereinfachen.The object of the invention is to simplify the discharge devices.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Erfindung gelöst. In den Unteransprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung angegeben.This object is achieved by the invention specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Bei einem besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Anspruch 3 sind mehrere erfindungsgemäße Ausfördereinrichtungen vorgesehen, denen jeweils Bruchstückerkennungssensoren unmittelbar zugeordnet sind. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Bruchstücke der Rutschfläche in einem wesentlich kleineren Abstand zuzuführen. Es dürfen sich dann mehrere Bruchstücke gleichzeitig auf der Rutsche befinden, weil direkt an der Erkennungsstelle ausgefördert wird.In a particularly advantageous embodiment according to claim 3, several discharge devices according to the invention are provided, each of which fragment detection sensors are directly assigned. This makes it possible to feed the fragments of the sliding surface at a much smaller distance. Several fragments may then be on the slide at the same time because they are conveyed directly to the detection point.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben.The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment.

Es zeigen Figur 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Sortiereinrichtung und Figur 2 zwei nebeneinanderliegende Sortiereinrichtungen in Draufsicht.FIG. 1 shows a sorting device according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows two side-by-side sorting devices in plan view.

Die Sortierrutsche in Figur 1 ist aufgebaut aus einem Metallwinkel mit einem in der Zeichnungsebene liegenden Schenkel 1 und einem in Richtung des Betrachters aus der Zeichnungsebene herausragenden Schenkel 2. Der Schenkel 2 ist mit einer Glasplatte 3 belegt, auf der Bruchstücke 4 flach aufliegen und von rechts oben in der Zeichnung nach links unten rutschen. Der Neigungswinkel der Rutsche ist so groß, daß vorhandenen Reibkräfte überwunden werden. Er beträgt in Fig. 1 etwa 30 Grad. Die Rutsche 1,2 ist um ihre Längsachse so gekippt, daß sich die Bruchstücke 4 beim Rutschen an die dem Schenkel 1 zugewandte Kante (38 in Fig.2) des Schenkels 2 anlegen. Dazu genügt eine Neigung des Winkels 1,2 von ca. 4 Grad. Damit der Schenkel 1 sich nicht abnutzt, ist dieser ebenfalls mit Glasscheiben 5 - 9 belegt.The sorting chute in FIG. 1 is constructed from a metal angle with a leg 1 lying in the plane of the drawing and a leg 2 protruding in the direction of the viewer from the plane of the drawing. The leg 2 is covered with a glass plate 3 on which fragments 4 lie flat and from the right slide to the bottom left of the drawing. The angle of inclination of the slide is so large that existing frictional forces are overcome. It is approximately 30 degrees in FIG. 1. The chute 1, 2 is tilted about its longitudinal axis in such a way that the fragments 4 slide against the edge (38 in FIG. 2) of the leg 2 facing the leg 1. One is sufficient Inclination of the angle 1.2 of approximately 4 degrees. So that the leg 1 does not wear out, it is also covered with glass panes 5-9.

Entlang der Rutsche 1,2 sind an mehreren Orten 10 - 17 Bruchstück-Erkennungssensoren vorgesehen. An den Stellen 10, 12, 14 und 16 sind z. B. Farberkennungssensoren und an den Stellen 11, 13, 15 und 17 Metallerkennungssensoren vorgesehen. Jeweils zu einem Farberkennungssensor und einem Metallerkennungssensor gehört eine Luftdüse 18 - 21. Die Luftdüsen sind in der Lage, das Bruchstück mit einem Kraftimpuls zu beauflagen, der so gerichtet ist, daß das Bruchstück von dem Schenkel 1 fort beschleunigt wird. Die Luftdüsen 18 - 21 sind so angeordnet, daß der Luftstrom die schmale Kante des Bruchstückes trifft. Das Bruchstück 4 wird damit auf der Höhe des Masseschwerpunktes getroffen. Das hat zur Folge, daß das Bruchstück 4 auch wirklich in Richtung des Impulses bewegt wird und nicht irgendwelche unkontrollierbaren Drehbewegungen ausführt.Along the slide 1, 2, 10 - 17 fragment detection sensors are provided at several locations. At positions 10, 12, 14 and 16 z. B. color detection sensors and at points 11, 13, 15 and 17 metal detection sensors are provided. An air nozzle 18-21 belongs to each of a color detection sensor and a metal detection sensor. The air nozzles are able to apply a force pulse to the fragment, which is directed in such a way that the fragment is accelerated away from the leg 1. The air nozzles 18-21 are arranged so that the air flow hits the narrow edge of the fragment. The fragment 4 is thus hit at the center of gravity. As a result, the fragment 4 is really moved in the direction of the pulse and does not perform any uncontrollable rotary movements.

Beim Vorbeirutschen an der Luftdüse wird das Bruchstück 4 für eine sehr kurze Zeit von z. B. 0,1 Sekunden mit einem Druckimpuls beaufschlagt. Durch diesen Impuls wird das Bruchstück 4 senkrecht zur normalen Bewegungsrichtung des Bruchstückes beschleunigt. Es fällt über die Kante des Schenkels 2 von der Rutsche herunter.When sliding past the air nozzle, the fragment 4 is z for a very short time. B. 0.1 seconds with a pressure pulse. This pulse accelerates the fragment 4 perpendicular to the normal direction of movement of the fragment. It falls over the edge of the leg 2 from the slide.

Jeder Luftdüse 18 - 21 ist ein Fallschacht zugeordnet. Die Fallschächte sind durch Trennwände 22 voneinander getrennt und enden unten auf Fördereinrichtungen, die hier nicht dargestellt sind.A drop chute is assigned to each air nozzle 18-21. The chutes are separated from one another by partitions 22 and end at the bottom on conveyors which are not shown here.

Dem Fallschacht ganz links in der Figur 1 ist kein Luftdüse zugeordnet. Hier werden Teile ausgefördert, die an keiner Erkennungsstation ausgefördert wurden. Die Rutsche 1,2 weist an ihrem unteren Ende einfach eine Begrenzungswand 23 auf. Die vorher nicht ausgeförderten Teile prallen gegen diese Wand 23 und fallen, da sich die Teile häufen, von der Rutsche herunter in den darunterliegenden Fallschacht. Durch diesen erwünschten Staueffekt an der Wand 23 wird verhindert, daß die Teile der Einrichtung durch den Aufprall verschlissen werden.No air nozzle is assigned to the chute on the far left in FIG. 1. Parts are conveyed here that were not conveyed to any detection station. The chute 1, 2 simply has a boundary wall 23 at its lower end. The parts that have not previously been conveyed out collide against this wall 23 and, since the parts are piled up, fall down from the slide into the chute below. This desired jamming effect on the wall 23 prevents the parts of the device from being worn out by the impact.

Bei der Abnahme von Altglas durch die Glashütten werden bei den verschiedenen Farben unterschiedliche Reinheitsanforderungen gestellt. Während z.B. Grünglas ohne weiteres Gläser der Farben braun und weiß enthalten darf, darf Weißglas nur sehr geringe Anteile der anderen Farben enthalten. Braunglas darf zwar Anteile von Weißglas enthalten, jedoch nur geringe Anteile Grünglas. Bei der beschriebenen Sortiereinrichtung wird dieser Tatsache Rechnung getragen, indem die einzelnen Farben und Bestandteile in einer ganz bestimmten Reihenfolge aussortiert werden.When waste glass is accepted by the glassworks, different purity requirements are set for the different colors. While e.g. Green glass may easily contain glasses of the colors brown and white, white glass may contain only very small proportions of the other colors. Brown glass may contain portions of white glass, but only small portions of green glass. In the sorting device described, this fact is taken into account by sorting out the individual colors and components in a very specific order.

An erster Stelle (Luftdüse 18) wird Weißglas aussortiert.In the first place (air nozzle 18), white glass is sorted out.

An zweiter Stelle (Luftdüse 19) wird Braunglas und eventuell noch auf der Rutsche verbliebenes Weißglas aussortiert. Das hier noch auftretende Weißglas kann entweder an der ersten Lesestelle übersehen worden sein, oder es kann das Ausstoßen mit dem Luftdüse 18 durch unglückliche Umstände mißlungen sein. Auch können die Anforderungen an das Weißglas (Lichtabsorption, Einfärbung) an den beiden Aussortierstellen unterschiedlich sein.In the second place (air nozzle 19) amber glass and possibly white glass still remaining on the slide are sorted out. The white glass still occurring here may either have been overlooked at the first reading point, or it may have been unsuccessful due to the fact that it was ejected with the air nozzle 18. The requirements for the white glass (light absorption, coloring) can also be different at the two sorting points.

An dritter Stelle wird Grünglas aussortiert, einschließlich der bei den ersten beiden Aussortierstellen nicht aussortierten anderen Glasfarben.In the third place, green glass is sorted out, including the other glass colors that were not sorted out at the first two sorting points.

Die ersten drei Stellen sind jeweils mit einem Metallerkennungssensor 11, 13 und 15 ausgestattet, um Bruchstücke, die mit Metallresten behaftet sind, von der Aussortierung auszuschließen. Solche Bruchstücke, die noch Reste von Metall tragen, und auch einzelne Metallstücke sollen erst an dem vierten Luftdüse 21 aussortiert werden. Dieser vierte Aussortierungspunkt kann wieder mit einem Farbsensor 16 und einem Metallerkennungssensor 17 ausgestattet sein. Es genügt jedoch, hier lediglich eine Lichtschranke vorzusehen, die den Durchgang des Bruchstückes registriert und den Luftdüse 21 zur richtigen Zeit ansprechen läßt. Die Tatsache, daß es sich um ein Metall enthaltendes Bruchstück handelt, ist ja bereits von der vorhergehenden Sortierstelle 14, 15, 20 mit dem dort vorhandenen Metalldetektor 15 erkannt worden. Die Lichtschranke dient dann nur zur genauen Ermittlung des Ausstoßzeitpunktes.The first three digits are each equipped with a metal detection sensor 11, 13 and 15 in order to exclude fragments that have metal residues from being sorted out. Such fragments that still carry remnants of metal, and also individual pieces of metal should only be sorted out at the fourth air nozzle 21. This fourth sorting point can again be equipped with a color sensor 16 and a metal detection sensor 17. However, it is sufficient to provide only one light barrier which registers the passage of the fragment and allows the air nozzle 21 to respond at the right time. The fact that it is a fragment containing metal has already been recognized by the previous sorting point 14, 15, 20 with the metal detector 15 present there. The light barrier then only serves to precisely determine the time of ejection.

Im Idealfall dürften in dem fünften Fallschacht nur noch undurchsichtige Bruchstücke z.B. aus Keramik, Porzellan oder Stein erscheinen.Ideally, in the fifth chute, only opaque fragments, e.g. made of ceramic, porcelain or stone.

Die Reihenfolge kann auch nach anderen Gesichtspunkten gewählt werden. Z.B. kann der Luftverbrauch minimiert werden, wenn die am häufigsten vorkommende Fraktion im Mischglas an letzter Stelle ohne Blasen ausgefördert wird.The order can also be chosen from other points of view. E.g. the air consumption can be minimized if the most frequently occurring fraction in the mixing glass is discharged last without bubbles.

Die Scheiben 5 - 9, an denen die Bruchstücke 4 während des Rutschens anliegen, sind mit einem Zwischenraum 24 nebeneinander angeordnet. Der Zwischenraum 24 ist so groß, daß die Luftdüsen 18 - 21 durch diesen Schlitz hindurchpassen. Die Bruchstücke 4 könnten jeweils an der Vorderkante jeder Glasscheibe 5 - 9 anstoßen. Eine solche Kollision könnte das Bruchstück 4 zu unkontrollierten Bewegungen veranlassen und die Rutschbewegung behindern oder auch zu einer ungewünschten Ausförderung führen.The disks 5 - 9, against which the fragments 4 abut during sliding, are arranged next to one another with an intermediate space 24. The gap 24 is so large that the air nozzles 18-21 fit through this slot. The fragments 4 could each abut the front edge of each glass pane 5-9. Such a collision could cause the fragment 4 to move in an uncontrolled manner and hinder the sliding movement or also lead to an undesired removal.

Um dieses zu verhindern, ist das Ende der Glasscheiben 6, 7, 8, 9 um einige Zehntel Millimeter von dem Schenkel 1 des Winkels 1,2 abgehoben, z. B. durch Unterlegen eines Abstandhalters. Die Glasscheiben sind also schuppenartig angeordnet. Jeweils zum Ende der Glasscheibe hin, wird das Bruchstück 4 etwas mehr von dem Schenkel 1 abgewiesen als am Anfang der Scheibe. Damit ist eine Kollision mit der Vorderkante der Scheibe vermieden.To prevent this, the end of the glass panes 6, 7, 8, 9 is lifted by a few tenths of a millimeter from the leg 1 of the angle 1, 2, e.g. B. by placing a spacer. The glass panes are arranged in a scale-like manner. Each time towards the end of the glass pane, the fragment 4 is rejected somewhat more by the leg 1 than at the beginning of the pane. This prevents a collision with the front edge of the pane.

Es ist auch möglich, die Schuppenstruktur durch eine einteilige, entsprechend geformte Scheibe zu bilden. Es müssen dann geeignete Öffnungen für die Luftdüse 18 - 21 vorgesehen werden. Diese Scheibe kann dann auch den Winkel 1,2 vollständig bilden.It is also possible to form the scale structure by a one-piece, appropriately shaped disc. Suitable openings must then be provided for the air nozzle 18-21. This disc can then completely form the angle 1,2.

Anstelle der beschriebenen Glasscheiben können auch andere Materialien verwendet werden, die den auftretenden Beanspruchungen standhalten.Instead of the glass panes described, other materials can be used that can withstand the stresses that occur.

Figur 2 zeigt die gleiche Sortiereinrichtung wie Figur 1 in Draufsicht. Es sind zwei Sortiereinrichtungen parallel zueinander dargestellt, um ein weiteres Detail der Sortiereinrichtungen zu beschreiben. Die gleichen Teile enthalten die gleichen Bezugszeichen wie in Figur 1. In dieser Ansicht sind Ventilblöcke 27 - 30 sichtbar, die über einen Luftzufuhrschlauch 31 mit Luft versorgt sind. Die Ventilblöcke sind untereinander mittels Verbindungsrohren 33 zur Luftzufuhr verbunden. Die Ventilblöcke 27 - 30 enthalten Luftkanäle und elektromagnetisch betätigbare Ventile, die den Luftstrom zu den in Figur 1 erwähnten Luftdüsen 18 - 21 freigeben können. Der Ventilblock 30 enthält einen zusätzlichen Abgangsschlauch 32 und ein zusätzliches Ventil zur Steuerung der Zufuhr von Bruchstücken zum Sortierkanal. Die Zuführeinrichtung ist hier nicht näher beschrieben.Figure 2 shows the same sorting device as Figure 1 in plan view. Two sorting devices are shown parallel to one another in order to describe a further detail of the sorting devices. The same parts contain the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1. In this view, valve blocks 27-30 are visible, which are supplied with air via an air supply hose 31. The valve blocks are connected to one another by means of connecting pipes 33 for the supply of air. The valve blocks 27-30 contain air channels and electromagnetically actuated valves which can release the air flow to the air nozzles 18-21 mentioned in FIG. The valve block 30 contains an additional outlet hose 32 and an additional valve for controlling the supply of fragments to the sorting channel. The feed device is not described in detail here.

Die Linie 34 zeigt den Weg eines Weißglasbruchstückes. An dem Farberkennungssensor 10 wird das Bruchstück als Weißglas erkannt. An dem Metalldetektor 11 wird erkannt, daß es kein Metallstück ist und auch nicht mit Resten von Metall behaftet ist. Weil diese beiden Bedingungen erfüllt sind, wird die Düse 18 zum richtigen Zeitpunkt angesteuert und das Bruchstück 4 entlang der Linie 34 abgelenkt. Das Bruchstück 4 wird auf eine Platte 35 geschleudert, wo sich schon ein Haufen 36 von Weißglasbruchstücken angesammelt hat. Der angesammelte Haufen 36 der Bruchstücke schützt die Platte 35 vor Verschleiß durch den Aufprall. Wenn der Haufen 36 hoch genug aufgeschüttet ist, fallen die Bruchstücke in Richtung des Pfeiles 37 in den darunterliegenden Fallschacht hinein. In gleicher Weise sind bei den anderen Fallschächten Auffangplatten 35 vorgesehen, die jedoch nicht dargestellt sind.Line 34 shows the path of a piece of white glass. The fragment is recognized as white glass on the color recognition sensor 10. The metal detector 11 recognizes that there is no piece of metal and is not contaminated with metal residues. Because these two conditions are met, the nozzle 18 is actuated at the right time and the fragment 4 is deflected along the line 34. The fragment 4 is thrown onto a plate 35, where a pile 36 of white glass fragments has already accumulated. The accumulated pile 36 of the fragments protects the plate 35 against wear from the impact. When the heap 36 is heaped up high enough, the fragments fall in the direction of arrow 37 into the chute below. In the same way, collecting plates 35 are provided in the other chutes, but are not shown.

Alle beschriebenen Funktionen werden mittels eines Einplatinen-Computers gesteuert. An den Computer sind über Analogkanäle geeignete Sensoren zur Ermittlung der Art der Bruchstücke und Ausgangstreiber zur Ansteuerung der Ventilblöcke 27 - 30 angeschlossen.All functions described are controlled by a single board computer. Suitable sensors for determining the type of fragments and output drivers for controlling the valve blocks 27-30 are connected to the computer via analog channels.

Zur Farberkennung wird bei einem realisierten Beispiel das Bruchstück von unten mit einem weißen Lichtstrahl beleuchtet. Oberhalb der Rutsche 2 sind mehrere optische Sensoren angeordnet, die für verschiedene Spektralbereiche (z.B. "Rot", "Grün" und "Blau") analoge Intesitätssignale liefern. Diese Signale sind den Analogkanälen des Einplatinencomputers zugeführt.In a realized example, the fragment is illuminated from below with a white light beam for color recognition. A plurality of optical sensors are arranged above the slide 2, which deliver analog intensity signals for different spectral ranges (for example "red", "green" and "blue"). These signals are fed to the analog channels of the single board computer.

Als Metallerkennungssensoren 11,13,15 und 17 können bekannte Schaltungsanordnungen verwendet werden, die zur Erkennung den Wirbelstromverlust einer mit Wechselstrom gespeisten Spule ausnutzen.Known circuit arrangements can be used as metal detection sensors 11, 13, 15 and 17, which use the eddy current loss of a coil fed with alternating current for detection.

Claims (5)

  1. Sorting device for waste glass (4) where the waste glass parts (4) are lead individually along a first edge (38) of a transport area (2), the opposite second edge (39) of the transport area being open for the output of the waste glass parts, with an ejection device (18 - 21) by means of which the fragments (4) are movable on the transport area (2) to the second edge (39),
    characterised in
    - that the transport area is formed in a per se known way as chute (2) for sorting of crushed fragments,
    - that as ejection device a blast nozzle (18 - 21) is provided which is situated above the chute (2) on a level with the smaller fractional edge of the fragments (4) and which can exert an impulse on this fractional edge and
    - that a limiting wall (1) is provided at the first edge (38) of the chute (2) which is formed scale-like in such a way that the fragment (4) is rejected by the limiting wall (1) in the area of the blast nozzle (18; 19; 20; 21).
  2. Sorting device according to claim 1,
    characterised in
    - that one or more fragment-detecting sensors (10 - 17) are provided that are attributed to the blast nozzle and
    - that means of control are provided that trigger the blast nozzle (18 - 21) when having detected the preset features of the fragment.
  3. Sorting device according to claim 2,
    characterised in
    - that at several successive locations of the chute (2) fragment-detection sensors being allocated to each other (10, 11; 12, 13; 14, 15 and 16, 17) and blast nozzles (18; 19; 20; 21) are provided.
  4. Sorting device according to claim 3,
    characterised in
    - that different features of the fragment to be sorted (4) are attributed to the locations.
  5. Sorting device according to claim 1,
    characterised in
    - that the chute (2) and the limiting wall (1) are covered with protection plates
    - that the protection plate of the limiting wall (1) is divided in several single protection plates (5 - 9) that are selected in such a size and that are arranged in such a lateral distance (24) to each other that free passages are created at the locations of the blast nozzles (18 - 21) and
    - that the several single protection plates (5 - 9) are arranged scale-like at the limiting wall (1) having such a clearance angle that the fragments (4) are pushed off so far at the end of each single protection plate (5 - 9) that the fragments cannot collide with the front edge of the next limiting wall (5 - 8).
EP91108563A 1990-05-28 1991-05-27 Sorting device for waste glass Expired - Lifetime EP0459341B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904017130 DE4017130A1 (en) 1990-05-28 1990-05-28 Broken glass sorter
DE4017128 1990-05-28
DE19904017128 DE4017128A1 (en) 1990-05-28 1990-05-28 Broken glass sorter
DE4017130 1990-05-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0459341A2 EP0459341A2 (en) 1991-12-04
EP0459341A3 EP0459341A3 (en) 1992-04-15
EP0459341B1 true EP0459341B1 (en) 1994-04-13

Family

ID=25893608

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91108563A Expired - Lifetime EP0459341B1 (en) 1990-05-28 1991-05-27 Sorting device for waste glass

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0459341B1 (en)
DE (1) DE59101351D1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3119329A1 (en) * 1981-05-15 1982-11-25 Gerresheimer Glas AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Device for the colour-sorting of used glass containers

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1146462B (en) * 1959-10-24 1963-04-04 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke Procedure for extracting limestone
US3980180A (en) * 1974-11-20 1976-09-14 Jamieson John A Transmissive article sorting apparatus
US4657144A (en) * 1985-02-25 1987-04-14 Philip Morris Incorporated Method and apparatus for detecting and removing foreign material from a stream of particulate matter
WO1988001378A1 (en) * 1986-08-20 1988-02-25 The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Separation process
DE3804391A1 (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-08-24 Hubertus Exner METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SORTING OLD GLASS PIECES

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3119329A1 (en) * 1981-05-15 1982-11-25 Gerresheimer Glas AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Device for the colour-sorting of used glass containers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE-A1-3 119 329 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0459341A2 (en) 1991-12-04
DE59101351D1 (en) 1994-05-19
EP0459341A3 (en) 1992-04-15

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