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EP0377851B1 - Distributor-type fuel injection pump for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Distributor-type fuel injection pump for internal-combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0377851B1
EP0377851B1 EP89123118A EP89123118A EP0377851B1 EP 0377851 B1 EP0377851 B1 EP 0377851B1 EP 89123118 A EP89123118 A EP 89123118A EP 89123118 A EP89123118 A EP 89123118A EP 0377851 B1 EP0377851 B1 EP 0377851B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adjustment
distributor
injection
spring
adjusting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89123118A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0377851A2 (en
EP0377851A3 (en
Inventor
Karl Konrath
Kar-Friedrich Ruesseler
Josef Hain
Helmut Dr. Tschoeke
Alfons Schoetz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0377851A2 publication Critical patent/EP0377851A2/en
Publication of EP0377851A3 publication Critical patent/EP0377851A3/en
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Publication of EP0377851B1 publication Critical patent/EP0377851B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/16Adjustment of injection timing
    • F02D1/18Adjustment of injection timing with non-mechanical means for transmitting control impulse; with amplification of control impulse
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/16Adjustment of injection timing
    • F02D1/18Adjustment of injection timing with non-mechanical means for transmitting control impulse; with amplification of control impulse
    • F02D1/183Adjustment of injection timing with non-mechanical means for transmitting control impulse; with amplification of control impulse hydraulic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/16Adjustment of injection timing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/08Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
    • F02M41/10Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor
    • F02M41/12Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor
    • F02M41/123Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor characterised by means for varying fuel delivery or injection timing
    • F02M41/125Variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages
    • F02M41/126Variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages valves being mechanically or electrically adjustable sleeves slidably mounted on rotary piston
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/08Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
    • F02M41/10Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor
    • F02M41/12Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor
    • F02M41/123Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor characterised by means for varying fuel delivery or injection timing
    • F02M41/128Varying injection timing by angular adjustment of the face-cam or the rollers support

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a distributor fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a distributor fuel injection pump of this type Bosch distributor injection pump, type VE, Bosch technical information VDT-U 2/2 DE or DE-OS 28 44 910
  • the injection quantity is controlled by a mechanical speed controller with various connections to take account of operating parameters (VDT script ).
  • the injection timing is carried out by hydraulic means, in that a control fluid adjusts the injection adjustment piston in a speed-dependent manner, whereby the diesel fuel can serve as the control fluid, which is driven by a feed pump driven by an engine speed-synchronous speed to a speed-dependent one Pressure is brought.
  • This spray adjustment control is intended for normal operation, i.e.
  • a corresponding recess is arranged on the stationary part, so that the control device can have no influence when the internal combustion engine is warm, whereas in the case of a cold internal combustion engine, for example via a corresponding pin which engages one of the boundary walls of the recess, the intended relative rotation is effected becomes.
  • the sharp transition has the disadvantage of an unsatisfactory adaptation of the start of spraying when the internal combustion engine is cold in the transition region from lower speeds (starting speeds, idling) to higher speeds. This manifests itself above all in increased exhaust and noise emissions, as well as in higher fuel consumption.
  • the distributor fuel injection pump according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that, starting from the early start of spraying given on a cold machine, an additional adjustment in the direction earlier with increasing speed takes place, this increase being determined by the characteristics of the additional spring. Whenever the forces acting in the late direction of the injection adjustment spring and the leg spring are overcome by the pressure of the control fluid acting in the early direction, the additional spring, which also acts in the earlier direction, brings about a corresponding additional displacement in the early direction.
  • the cam drive has a roller ring, which is mounted in the pump housing and serves as a resting part, on which rollers are mounted, with a cam part provided with a cam surface and rotating with the distributor piston and the drive shaft the roller ring for the stroke drive of the pump and distributor piston cooperates and an eccentric pin rotatable with the adjusting lever engages in a corresponding longitudinal groove of the roller ring.
  • the additional spring between the clamping piece of the Bowden cable and the adjusting lever is effective. While the Bowden cable operated by the temperature sensor actuates the stop for the minimum early point in time, the interposed additional spring enables control of the transition area, so that according to the invention, before the corresponding one is reached in normal operation Speed, with cold machine, an additional adjustment in the direction of early.
  • the additional spring can also act independently of the Bowden cable on the adjustment lever in the early direction, whereby it can be supported, for example, on an adjustable abutment fixed to the housing.
  • thermocouple or an expansion substance controller heated by the cooling water of the internal combustion engine can of course serve as the temperature transmitter, or else an element that processes the temperature.
  • the possible path of the additional spring is limited by driving stops.
  • This on the one hand determines and influences the preload of the spring and thus the steepness of the transition characteristic, and on the other hand also specifies the speed range from which this additional spring is effective.
  • the additional spring means a constant addition to the actuating force caused by the pressure of the control liquid, as long as it is arranged between the Bowden cable clamping piece and the adjusting lever.
  • the entered spring parameter naturally has an effect, which leads to a corresponding change in the slope of the coulters that correspond to this transition area. In the first case, these curves run parallel to each other.
  • the one driving stop is determined by a bushing with longitudinal grooves, in which the clamping piece of the Bowden cable is guided, while the other driving stop is formed by a bolt guided in this bushing, which receives the clamping piece, between these two driving stops , that is, the additional spring is arranged between the bushing and the bolt.
  • the additional spring work area and, on the other hand, the total adjustment range can be achieved early by fixing the Bowden piece with only one clamping piece.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection pump according to the invention in partial longitudinal section along line II in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial cross section through this pump according to line II-II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a view with partial section according to arrow III in FIG. 2 this pump
  • FIG. 4 shows a functional diagram of the invention with the timing of the injection adjustment over the speed
  • FIG. 5 shows a representation of a variant corresponding to FIG. 3
  • FIG. 6 shows a constructional embodiment of a detail of the invention.
  • a pump piston 1 also serving as a distributor is reciprocated by a drive shaft 2 and with the aid of a cam drive 3 moving and rotating movement offset.
  • fuel is conveyed from a pump work chamber 4 via a central longitudinal bore 5 and a longitudinal distribution groove 6 to one of a plurality of pressure channels 7, which are arranged around the pump piston 1 at uniform angular intervals and each to a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine to lead.
  • the pump work chamber 4 is supplied with fuel via a suction channel 8 from a suction chamber 9 which is present in the housing of the injection pump and is filled with fuel, in that the suction channel 8 is opened by control channels 11 provided in the pump piston 1 during the suction stroke of the pump piston 1, so that fuel accordingly flows out the suction chamber 9 can flow into the pump work chamber 4.
  • the number of control channels 11 corresponds to the number of pressure channels 7 and thus to the number of pressure strokes carried out per revolution of the pump piston.
  • a pressure valve 12 is arranged in each of the pressure channels 7 in order to hydraulically decouple the pressure lines between the fuel injection pump and the engine (not shown) from the pressure channels 7 in the flow direction to the pump.
  • the quantity to be injected into each of the pressure channels 7 per stroke is determined by the axial position of a slide valve 13 arranged around the pump piston 1.
  • the axial position of the control slide 13 is determined by a speed controller 14 and an arbitrarily actuated adjusting lever, not shown, by evaluating the respective speed and load, the latter preferably corresponding to the position of the accelerator pedal of the internal combustion engine.
  • the suction chamber 9 is supplied with fuel by a feed pump 15, which is also driven by the drive shaft 2 and whose suction line 16 is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank, not shown.
  • the output pressure of the feed pump 15 and thus the pressure in the suction chamber 9 is controlled by a pressure control valve, not shown here, so that this pressure increases in accordance with an increasing speed.
  • the cam drive 3 and the speed controller 14 are arranged in the suction chamber 9 and are therefore surrounded on all sides by the fuel and are lubricated by them.
  • the cam drive 3 arranged in the pump housing 17 has a roller ring 19 which carries rollers 18, which is rotatably mounted in the pump housing 17 by a certain angle and in the U-shaped cross section of which the rollers 18 are mounted.
  • This roller ring 19 is rotationally coupled to an injection adjusting piston 22 via an adjusting member in the form of an adjusting bolt 21.
  • In the inner bore of this roller ring 19 there is a claw coupling, in which claws 23 on the drive side of the drive shaft 2 intermesh with claws 23 on the output side of the pumping and distributing piston 1 engage so that the pump and distributor piston 1 can exert a lifting movement during the positive and non-positive rotary drive independently of the drive shaft 2.
  • An end cam disk 25 is also arranged on the pump piston 1 and runs on the rollers 18 with a surface 26 having end cams, the number of end cams in turn corresponding to the number of pressure channels 6.
  • the end cam disk 25 is pressed with its running surface 26 onto the rollers 18 by springs 27, only one of which is shown in part.
  • axially displaceable injection adjustment piston 22 is loaded in one adjustment direction by an injection adjustment spring 28 and in the other adjustment direction by the pressure of control liquid prevailing in a space 29, which is also caused by the pressure in the suction space 9 existing fuel is formed, the pressure of which is controlled as a function of speed and which is supplied through a throttle channel 31 present in the injection adjuster piston 22.
  • the direction of displacement of the injection adjusting piston 22 is selected so that when the fuel pressure in the suction chamber 8 increases with increasing speed, the injection adjusting piston 22 is displaced counter to the injection adjusting spring 28 and rotates the roller ring 19 so that the end cams of the end cam disks 25 come into engagement with the rollers 18 earlier , whereby the start of the stroke of the pump piston 1 and thus the start of delivery, that is, the time of injection of the fuel with respect to the rotational position of the drive shaft 2 is earlier. So the higher the speed, the earlier this spraying time.
  • the speed controller 14 is driven by a gear 32, which is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 2 and drives a speed sensor 33 with flyweights 34, which engage a control sleeve, not shown, which is axially displaceably mounted and, on the other hand, engages the lever system 35 by means of a control spring , which in turn articulates the control slide 13 for its stroke position.
  • the control lever system 35 is pivotably mounted on an axis 36.
  • the bias of the control spring is changed by the adjusting lever in these pumps in such a way that when the adjusting lever is moved in the direction of increasing load, the bias of the control spring also increases, so that the control slide 13 is pushed further up, which is due to a subsequent opening of a relief channel 37 of the pump work chamber 4 during the pressure stroke of the pump piston 1 results in an increase in the injection quantity.
  • the relief channel 37 is arranged in the pump piston 1 and connected to the axial bore 5. The control of the amount of fuel still in the pump work chamber 4 is always given when the orifices 38 of the relief channel 37 from the control slide during the pressure stroke of the pump piston 1 13 and so the further fuel delivery of the pump piston into the suction chamber 9 takes place.
  • the start of delivery on the other hand, always takes place after the start and covering of a certain pressure stroke path of the pump piston 1, namely after the control channels 11 running in the pump piston 1 have been separated from the suction channel 8. If, therefore, with increasing speed, the roller ring 19 is rotated by a few angular degrees by the injection adjusting piston 22 and thus the drive rollers 18 are displaced with respect to the running surface 26 of the end cam disk 25, the pressure stroke of the pump piston 1 accordingly begins earlier with a corresponding earlier interruption of the control channels to the suction channel .
  • a spherical pin 41 engages on the roller ring 19 in a groove 39 provided there, which is arranged eccentrically on the end face of an adjustment shaft 42, on the other hand an Adjustment lever 43 attacks.
  • the adjusting lever 43 is moved in the direction of early when the internal combustion engine is cold, the adjusting shaft 42 and the eccentrically arranged ball pin 41 press it against the end 44 of the groove 39, so that after overcoming the force of the injection adjusting spring 28, the roller ring 19 correspondingly in the housing 17 is rotated.
  • the latest possible injection time is hereby determined in each case - the roller ring 19 can now only be rotated in the direction earlier.
  • a leg spring 45 With this rotation, the force of a leg spring 45 must also be overcome, which acts on the adjusting lever 43 in the late direction.
  • corresponding double arrows are provided, the arrows in the "plus” direction indicating a later adjustment and those in the "minus” direction indicating an earlier adjustment of the spraying time.
  • a temperature sensor 46 acts on the adjusting lever 43, which, as a control device, effects an adjustment of the adjusting lever 43 corresponding to the temperature and which is explained in detail with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the temperature sensor 46 has an expansion regulator 47 which can be heated in synchronism with the engine temperature via an electric heater 48.
  • This expansion regulator 47 progressively shifts a spring plate 51 against the force of a clamping spring 52 via a pin 49 and adjusts a coupling piece 53 of a Bowden cable 54, which serves as a driving element for the adjusting lever 43.
  • a clamping piece 55 is provided at the end of the Bowden cable.
  • the Bowden cable itself is covered by a rubber grommet 56 which is arranged between the adjusting lever 43 and a housing 57 of the temperature sensor 46.
  • a bushing 58 is slidably provided on the Bowden cable relative to the clamping piece 55, an additional spring 59 being arranged between this bushing 58 and the clamping piece 55.
  • the direct power transmission between the Bowden cable 54 and the adjusting lever 43 is effected via a clamping bolt 61 which is axially displaceable within the bushing 58, a bottom surface 62 of the bushing 58 serving as a stop for the possible relative stroke b between the bushing 58 and the clamping bolt 61.
  • the clamping piece 55 and the clamping bolt 61 are at a fixed distance from one another for the possible adjustment path b of the bushing 58 from the position shown to the contact of the bottom surface 62 of the bushing 58 on the clamping bolt 61 serving as a stop
  • the additional spring 59 acts in the direction of the earlier injection timing on the adjusting lever 43, wherein if the same were rotated under the action of this additional spring 59, the clamping bolt 61 would remain in its position and the bush 58 driven by the additional spring 59 would pivot the adjusting lever 43 to the left.
  • the force of the additional spring 59 with its adjusting action on the adjusting lever 43 is somewhat greater than the force of the leg spring 45 with its adjusting action thereon Adjusting lever 43.
  • the mechanical force acting on the roller ring 19 acting in the late direction is the injection adjusting spring 28 and the leg spring 45 greater than the mechanical adjusting force, which, caused by the additional spring 59, acts in the direction of early. Due to the favorable lever ratio, a relatively large adjusting force can be generated on the roller ring by the adjusting lever 43 with an additional spring 59 of relatively low force.
  • the pivoting range of the adjusting lever 43 is limited by stops 63 and 64, but in any case in the case of a warm internal combustion engine by the temperature sensor 46 and with the support of the leg spring 45, the adjusting lever 43 is pivoted so far in the direction that the ball pin 41 has no operative connection with the roller ring 19 can enter and the injection timing is only carried out by the injection adjustment piston 22.
  • the operation of the additional spring 59 is explained on the basis of the functional diagram shown in FIG. 4.
  • the start of delivery fb or the injection time (ordinate) is plotted against the speed n (abscissa), the higher the point, the earlier the spray starts.
  • the corresponding double arrow points with minus up and plus down.
  • the dashed line with a horizontal section-c and a sloping section d, which merges into a solid section e of the same slope, corresponds to the known spray timing adjuster, without the additional spring 59.
  • the solid characteristic f is achieved by the additional spring 59, which in the characteristic curve e merges, while in the known injection timing adjuster, in the mechanical injection adjustment a for cold engine (see FIG. 2), the adjusting piston 22 and thus the roller ring 19 remain in this setting position until the speed nc is reached, at which this speed Corresponding pressure in space 29 begins to overcome the force of the injection adjusting spring 28, and then the roller ring 19 is rotated according to the characteristic curve d and the engine speed, regardless of the mechanical specification by the ball pin 41 (which stops) as is the case with the warm internal combustion engine machine is the case.
  • the characteristic curve d in connection with the characteristic curve e corresponds to the typical course of the injection timing in a warm internal combustion engine.
  • the clamping piece 55 is fixedly arranged within a nipple 75 which is closed on one side, this nipple interacting with the adjusting lever 43 with its open side.
  • a piston 76 is arranged axially displaceably in the nipple 75, which likewise interacts with the adjusting lever 43 and on which the additional spring 59 is supported on the one hand, which acts on the clamping nipple 55 on the other hand.
  • the piston 76 is pierced for the passage of the Bowden cable 54.
  • the adjusting spring 59 displaces the piston 76 and thus the adjusting lever 43 to the left in the early direction and this relative to the nipple 75 which is fixed with the Bowden cable 54.
  • the adjusting lever 43 is here in a position for warm engine shown, that is, in a position in which he has not taken on any injection start adjustment tasks.
  • the nipple 75 is shifted so far to the right via the temperature sensor 46 and Bowden cable 54 that even when the piston 76 is pushed out of the nipple 75 by the additional spring 59, the adjusting lever 43 assumes a position which remains without the influence of adjusting.
  • the comparative position of the adjustment lever 43 which it assumes due to the adjustment by the temperature sensor 46 when the engine is cold, is shown in dashed lines, plus an adjustment for higher speed by the additional spring 59.
  • a third variant of the invention in which the additional spring 59 is supported on the inside of a tin pot 65 on the one hand, which is supported on the other hand on a slide 66 which has a stepped transverse bore 67 in order to cross with one for the Bowden cable 54 pierced stepped screw bolt 68 to serve as a clamping piece.
  • Longitudinal grooves 69 for the stepped screw bolt 68 are provided in the tin pot 65.
  • the end face 71 of the slide 66 forms the one limit stop with the bottom 72 of the pot 65, while the other stop is formed by the length of the longitudinal grooves 69 in connection with the stepped screw bolt 68.
  • the pot 65 In the bottom wall of the pot 65 there is a bore 73 which allows the Bowden cable 54 to pass through. There is also a sleeve on this wall around the Bowden cable 54 74 attached, which cooperates as a stop with the adjusting lever 43. In this variant, for additional early adjustment, the pot 65 is adjusted by the spring 59 relative to the slide 66 which is stationary with the Bowden cable 54.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Verteilerkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe für Brennkraftmaschinen nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Bei einer bekannten Verteilkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe dieser Art (Bosch Verteilereinspritzpumpe, Typ VE, Bosch technische Unterrichtung VDT-U 2/2 DE bzw. DE-OS 28 44 910) erfolgt die Einspritzmengenregelung über einen mechanischen Drehzahlregler mit verschiedenen Aufschaltungen zur Berücksichtigung von Betriebskenngrößen (VDT-Schrift). Die Spritzzeitpunktverstellung hingegen erfolgt über hydraulische Mittel, indem eine Steuerflüssigkeit den Spritzverstellkolben drehzahlabhängig verstellt, wobei als Steuerflüssigkeit der Dieselkraftstoff dienen kann, der über eine mit motordrehzahlsynchroner Drehzahl angetriebene Förderpumpe auf einen drehzahlabhängigen Druck gebracht wird. Diese Spritzverstellregelung ist für den Normalbetrieb, also warme Brennkraftmaschine im normalen Arbeitsbereich gedacht. Um bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine, bei der bekanntlich der Spritzbeginn früher liegen muß, um für die Aufbereitung des Kraftstoffes bis zu seiner Zündfähigkeit ausreichend Zeit zur Verfügung zu haben, eine von der Drehzahl unabhängige Frühverstellung zu erhalten, wird eine Relativverdrehung des ruhenden Teils (Rollenring) des Nockentriebs durch ein Steuergerät vorgenommen, welches über einen Verstellhebel und einen Exzenter eine unmittelbare Verstellung vornimmt. Diese Verstellung in Richtung früh entspricht gerade der gewünschten Frühverstellung, wie sie bei kalten Brennkraftmaschinen erforderlich ist. Wenn sich nun der Motor allmählich erwärmt, wird der Eingriff des Steuergerätes allmählich abgebaut, so daß bei warmem Motor dann die Spritzverstellung nur noch vom hydraulischen Spritzversteller bestimmt wird. Für den Eingriff des Steuergeräts ist am ruhenden Teil eine entsprechende Ausnehmung angeordnet, so daß bei warmer Brennkraftmaschine das Steuergerät keinen Einfluß nehmen kann, wohingegen bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine, beispielsweise über einen entsprechenden Zapfen, der an einer der Begrenzungswände der Ausnehmung angreift, die vorgesehene Relativverdrehung bewirkt wird.The invention relates to a distributor fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the main claim. In the case of a known distributor fuel injection pump of this type (Bosch distributor injection pump, type VE, Bosch technical information VDT-U 2/2 DE or DE-OS 28 44 910), the injection quantity is controlled by a mechanical speed controller with various connections to take account of operating parameters (VDT script ). The injection timing, on the other hand, is carried out by hydraulic means, in that a control fluid adjusts the injection adjustment piston in a speed-dependent manner, whereby the diesel fuel can serve as the control fluid, which is driven by a feed pump driven by an engine speed-synchronous speed to a speed-dependent one Pressure is brought. This spray adjustment control is intended for normal operation, i.e. warm internal combustion engine in the normal working area. In order to obtain an early adjustment independent of the speed in a cold internal combustion engine, which is known to have to start spraying earlier in order to have sufficient time available for the preparation of the fuel until it ignites, a relative rotation of the stationary part (roller ring) of the Cam drive made by a control unit, which makes an immediate adjustment via an adjusting lever and an eccentric. This adjustment in the early direction corresponds exactly to the desired early adjustment, as is required in cold internal combustion engines. If the engine warms up gradually, the intervention of the control unit is gradually reduced, so that when the engine is warm, the spray adjustment is then only determined by the hydraulic spray adjuster. For the engagement of the control device, a corresponding recess is arranged on the stationary part, so that the control device can have no influence when the internal combustion engine is warm, whereas in the case of a cold internal combustion engine, for example via a corresponding pin which engages one of the boundary walls of the recess, the intended relative rotation is effected becomes.

Für die Erfindung relevant ist somit nur der Arbeitsbereich für eine kalte Brennkraftmaschine, wobei folgender Funktionsablauf stattfindet. Bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine ist über die Steuervorrichtung das ruhende Teil in die gewünschte Lage verdreht entsprechend früher Einspritzung für kalte Motoren, wobei der Spritzverstellkolben ein Stück entgegen der Spritzverstellfeder verschoben ist. Da die Spritzverstellung auch drehzahlabhängig erfolgt, entspricht somit diese Lage zudem einer bestimmten Motordrehzahl (mit zunehmender Drehzahl erfolgt eine Verstellung in Richtung früher). Sobald dann bei einer entsprechenden Motordrehzahl die Steuerflüssigkeit den Druck erreicht hat, der dieser vorgegebenen Stellung für kalten Motor des Spritzverstellkolbens entspricht, wird der Spritzverstellkolben aus dieser Kaltmotorfrühverstellage entgegen der Kraft der Spritzverstellfeder verschoben und verdreht dabei das ruhende Teil zusätzlich in Richtung früh, wobei sich die entsprechende Wand der Ausnehmung des ruhenden Teils vom Zapfen abhebt. Ab diesem Moment erfolgt die Spritzbeginnverstellung rein drehzahlabhängig so wie bei der warmen Brennkraftmaschine. In den Kennlinien der Funktionen von Frühverstellung über der Drehzahl, bedeutet dies einen scharfen Knick. Gewünscht jedoch ist stets ein weicher Übergang, d.h. daß bereits vor Erreichen dieses Punktes eine gewisse Verstellung in Richtung früher erwünscht wäre, die dann auch erst nach diesem Punkt in die Normalfunktion übergeht. Der scharfe Übergang hat jedenfalls den Nachteil einer unbefriedigenden Anpassung des Spritzbeginns bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine im Übergangbereich von niederen Drehzahlen (Startdrehzahlen, Leerlauf) zu höheren Drehzahlen. Dies äußert sich vor allem in erhöhten Abgas- und Geräuschemissionen, sowie in höherem Kraftstoffverbrauch.Only the working range for a cold internal combustion engine is relevant for the invention, whereby the following functional sequence takes place. In the case of a cold internal combustion engine, the stationary part is rotated into the desired position via the control device, corresponding to earlier injection for cold engines, the injection adjusting piston being displaced a little against the injection adjusting spring. Since the spray adjustment is also speed-dependent, this position also corresponds to a certain engine speed (with increasing speed there is an adjustment in the direction earlier). As soon as the control fluid at a corresponding engine speed has reached the pressure that corresponds to this specified position for the cold engine of the injection adjustment piston, the injection adjustment piston is moved out of this cold engine early adjustment position against the force of the injection adjustment spring and additionally rotates the stationary part in the early direction, whereby the corresponding wall of the recess of the resting part lifts from the pin. From this moment, the start of spraying is purely speed-dependent, as in the case of the warm internal combustion engine. In the characteristic curves of the functions of early adjustment versus speed, this means a sharp kink. However, a smooth transition is always desired, ie that a certain adjustment in the earlier direction would be desired even before this point was reached, which would then only change to the normal function after this point. In any case, the sharp transition has the disadvantage of an unsatisfactory adaptation of the start of spraying when the internal combustion engine is cold in the transition region from lower speeds (starting speeds, idling) to higher speeds. This manifests itself above all in increased exhaust and noise emissions, as well as in higher fuel consumption.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Verteilerkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß ausgehend von dem bei kalter Maschine vorgegebenen frühen Spritzbeginn bereits eine zusätzliche Verstellung in Richtung früher mit zunehmender Drehzahl erfolgt, wobei diese Zunahme durch die Charakteristik der Zusatzfeder bestimmt ist. Immer dann, wenn die in Richtung spät wirkenden Kräfte der Spritzverstellfeder und der Schenkelfeder durch den in Richtung früh wirkenden Druck der Steuerflüssigkeit überwunden werden, bewirkt die ebenfalls in Richtung früher wirkende Zusatzfeder eine entsprechende zusätzliche Verschiebung in Richtung früh.The distributor fuel injection pump according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that, starting from the early start of spraying given on a cold machine, an additional adjustment in the direction earlier with increasing speed takes place, this increase being determined by the characteristics of the additional spring. Whenever the forces acting in the late direction of the injection adjustment spring and the leg spring are overcome by the pressure of the control fluid acting in the early direction, the additional spring, which also acts in the earlier direction, brings about a corresponding additional displacement in the early direction.

Vorteilhafterweise wird hierdurch mit sehr einfachen Mitteln ein weicherer Übergang zwischen der Frühverstellvorgabe bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine und der normalen Frühverstellung erreicht, wodurch vor allem das Hochlaufverhalten des Motors verbesser wird mit einem günstigeren Drehmoment und geringerem Kraftstoffverbrauch in diesem Laufbereich.Advantageously, this results in a very simple means of achieving a softer transition between the early adjustment specification for a cold internal combustion engine and the normal early adjustment, as a result of which, in particular, the run-up behavior of the engine is improved with a more favorable torque and lower fuel consumption in this running range.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist in an sich bekannter Weise der Nockentrieb einen im Pumpengehäuse gelagerten und als an sich ruhendes Teil dienenden Rollenring auf, an dem Laufrollen gelagert sind, wobei ein mit einer Nockenfläche versehener und mit dem Verteilerkolben und der Antriebswelle mitrotierender Nockenteil mit dem Rollenring für den Hubantrieb des Pump- und Verteilerkolbens zusammenwirkt und wobei ein mit dem Verstellhebel verdrehbarer Exzenterzapfen in eine entsprechende Längsnut des Rollenrings greift. Hierdurch ist in einfacher Weise ermöglicht, daß der Rollenring ausgehend von der jeweils temperaturabhängig eingestellten Mindestfrühverstellage weiter in eine frühere Lage verdreht werden kann, wobei in diesem Übergangsbereich durch die Zusatzfeder und über den Mitnahmezapfen diese Frühverstellung unterstützt wird.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in a manner known per se, the cam drive has a roller ring, which is mounted in the pump housing and serves as a resting part, on which rollers are mounted, with a cam part provided with a cam surface and rotating with the distributor piston and the drive shaft the roller ring for the stroke drive of the pump and distributor piston cooperates and an eccentric pin rotatable with the adjusting lever engages in a corresponding longitudinal groove of the roller ring. This makes it possible in a simple manner that the roller ring can be rotated further into an earlier position starting from the temperature-dependent minimum early adjustment position, this early adjustment being supported in this transition area by the additional spring and by the driving pin.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, bei der in an sich bekannter Weise (DE-OS 28 44 910) ein Bowdenzug als Mitnahmeteil zwischen Temperaturgeber und Verstellhebel vorgesehen ist, ist die Zusatzfeder zwischen dem Klemmstück des Bowdenzugs und dem Verstellhebel wirksam. Während der Bowdenzug vom Temperaturgeber betätigt den Anschlag für den Mindestfrühzeitpunkt bestimmt, ermöglicht die dazwischengeschaltete Zusatzfeder die Steuerung des Übergangsbereichs, so daß erfindungsgemäß bereits, vor Erreichen der im Normalbetrieb entsprechenden Drehzahl, bei kalter Maschine eine zustätzliche Verstellung in Richtung früh erfolgt. Natürlich kann die Zusatzfeder auch unabhängig vom Bowdenzug am Verstellhebel in Richtung früh angreifen, wobei sie sich beispielsweise an einem gehäusefesten und justierbaren Widerlager abstützen kann. Durch die Integrierung in den Bowdenzug jedoch ist eine zusätzliche Justierung nicht erforderlich, da mit der Grundeinstellung des Steuergerätes auch die Zusatzfeder mit verstellt wird. Bei Grundeinstellung ist hierbei vor allem an die Zuordnung zwischen Temperaturgeber und Verstellgrad des ruhenden Teils des Nockentriebs gedacht, wobei mit zunehmender Motortemperatur der Verstellhebel und damit der ruhende Teil des Nockentriebs in Richtung spät verdreht oder verdrehbar ist, wobei bei der Anordnung der Zusatzfeder zwischen Verstellhebel und Klemmstück des Bowdenzugs diese Zusatzfeder in gleicher Weise wirksam ist, wenn der eingestellte Mindestfrühspritzzeitpunkt der Ausgangslage des Spritzverstellkolbens entspricht. In jedem Fall jedoch ist die Zusatzfeder dann außer Wirkung und ohne Einfluß auf die Spritzbeginnverstellung, wenn auch das Steuergerät außer Wirkung ist.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, in which a Bowden cable is provided as a driving part between the temperature sensor and adjusting lever in a manner known per se (DE-OS 28 44 910), the additional spring between the clamping piece of the Bowden cable and the adjusting lever is effective. While the Bowden cable operated by the temperature sensor actuates the stop for the minimum early point in time, the interposed additional spring enables control of the transition area, so that according to the invention, before the corresponding one is reached in normal operation Speed, with cold machine, an additional adjustment in the direction of early. Of course, the additional spring can also act independently of the Bowden cable on the adjustment lever in the early direction, whereby it can be supported, for example, on an adjustable abutment fixed to the housing. Due to the integration in the Bowden cable, an additional adjustment is not necessary, since the additional spring is also adjusted with the basic setting of the control unit. In the basic setting, the assignment between the temperature sensor and the degree of adjustment of the stationary part of the cam drive is thought of, whereby with increasing engine temperature the adjustment lever and thus the stationary part of the cam drive are rotated or rotated in the late direction, with the arrangement of the additional spring between the adjustment lever and Clamping piece of the Bowden cable this additional spring is effective in the same way if the set minimum early injection time corresponds to the starting position of the injection adjustment piston. In any case, however, the additional spring is then ineffective and has no influence on the start of injection adjustment if the control device is also ineffective.

Als Temperaturgeber kann natürlich ein elektrisch beheiztes Thermoelement oder aber ein vom Kühlwasser der Brennkraftmaschine beheizter Dehnstoffregler dienen oder sonst ein die Temperatur verarbeitendes Element.An electrically heated thermocouple or an expansion substance controller heated by the cooling water of the internal combustion engine can of course serve as the temperature transmitter, or else an element that processes the temperature.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der mögliche Weg der Zusatzfeder durch Mitnahmeanschläge begrenzt. Hierdurch wird einerseits die Vorspannung der Feder und damit die Steilheit der Übergangskennlinie bestimmt und beeinflußt und andererseits auch der Drehzahlbereich vorgegeben, ab dem diese Zusatzfeder wirksam ist. Die Zusatzfeder bedeutet bezüglich der Kraftwirkung eine konstante Addition zur durch den Druck der Steuerflüssigkeit bewirkten Stellkraft, solange sie zwischen Bowdenzugklemmstück und Verstellhebel angeordnet ist. Bei unabhängigem Eingriff am Verstellhebel wirkt sich natürlich die eingegebene Federkenngröße aus, was zu einer entsprechenden Änderung der Steigung der Kurvenscharen zueinander führt, die diesem Übergangsbereich entsprechen. Im ersten Fall verlaufen diese Kurven parallel zueinander.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the possible path of the additional spring is limited by driving stops. This on the one hand determines and influences the preload of the spring and thus the steepness of the transition characteristic, and on the other hand also specifies the speed range from which this additional spring is effective. With regard to the force effect, the additional spring means a constant addition to the actuating force caused by the pressure of the control liquid, as long as it is arranged between the Bowden cable clamping piece and the adjusting lever. With independent intervention on the adjustment lever, the entered spring parameter naturally has an effect, which leads to a corresponding change in the slope of the coulters that correspond to this transition area. In the first case, these curves run parallel to each other.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der eine Mitnahmeanschlag durch eine Buchse mit Längsnuten bestimmt, in denen das Klemmstück des Bowdenzugs geführt ist, während der andere Mitnahmeanschlag durch einen in dieser Buchse geführten Bolzen gebildet wird, der das Klemmstück aufnimmt, wobei zwischen diesen beiden Mitnahmeanschlägen, also zwischen Buchse und Bolzen die Zusatzfeder angeordnet ist. Hierdurch kann in sehr einfacher Weise einerseits der Zusatzfederarbeitsbereich und andererseits der Gesamtverstellbereich in Richtung früh durch Festlegen des Bowdenstücks mit nur einem Klemmstück erzielt werden.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the one driving stop is determined by a bushing with longitudinal grooves, in which the clamping piece of the Bowden cable is guided, while the other driving stop is formed by a bolt guided in this bushing, which receives the clamping piece, between these two driving stops , that is, the additional spring is arranged between the bushing and the bolt. In this way, on the one hand, the additional spring work area and, on the other hand, the total adjustment range can be achieved early by fixing the Bowden piece with only one clamping piece.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, der Zeichnung und den Ansprüchen entnehmbar.Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the following description, the drawing and the claims.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ist mit zwei Varianten in der Zeichnung dargestellt und im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe im Teillängschnitt gemäß Linie I-I in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 einen Teilquerschnitt durch diese Pumpe gemäß Linie II-Ii in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 eine Ansicht mit Teilschnitt gemäß Pfeil III in Fig. 2 dieser Pumpe, Fig. 4 ein Funktionsdiagramm der Erfindung mit Spritzverstellzeitpunkt über der Drehzahl, Fig. 5 eine Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung einer Variante und Fig. 6 eine konstruktive Ausgestaltung eines Erfindungsdetails.An embodiment of the object of the invention is shown with two variants in the drawing and described in more detail below. 1 shows a fuel injection pump according to the invention in partial longitudinal section along line II in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 shows a partial cross section through this pump according to line II-II in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a view with partial section according to arrow III in FIG. 2 this pump, FIG. 4 shows a functional diagram of the invention with the timing of the injection adjustment over the speed, FIG. 5 shows a representation of a variant corresponding to FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 shows a constructional embodiment of a detail of the invention.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Anhand der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Verteilereinspritzpumpe wird im folgenden die Grundfunktion einer solchen Pumpe erläutert. Ein auch als Verteiler dienender Pumpenkolben 1 wird durch eine Antriebswelle 2 und mit Hilfe eines Nockentriebs 3 in eine hin und her gehende und gleichzeitig rotierende Bewegung versetzt. Bei jedem Druckhub des Pumpenkolbens 1 wird dabei aus einem Pumpenarbeitsraum 4 über eine zentrale Längsbohrung 5 und eine Verteilerlängsnut 6 Kraftstoff zu einem von mehreren Druckkanälen 7 gefördert, die um den Pumpenkolben 1 herum in gleichmäßigen Drehwinkelabständen angeordnet sind und jeweils zu einem nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine führen.The basic function of such a pump is explained below with reference to the distributor injection pump shown in FIG. 1. A pump piston 1 also serving as a distributor is reciprocated by a drive shaft 2 and with the aid of a cam drive 3 moving and rotating movement offset. With each pressure stroke of the pump piston 1, fuel is conveyed from a pump work chamber 4 via a central longitudinal bore 5 and a longitudinal distribution groove 6 to one of a plurality of pressure channels 7, which are arranged around the pump piston 1 at uniform angular intervals and each to a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine to lead.

Der Pumpenarbeitsraum 4 wird über einen Saugkanal 8 aus einem im Gehäuse der Einspritzpumpe vorhandenen und mit Kraftstoff gefüllten Saugraum 9 mit Kraftstoff versorgt, indem während des Saughubs des Pumpenkolbens 1 der Saugkanal 8 durch im Pumpenkolben 1 vorgesehene Steuerkanäle 11 aufgesteuert wird, so daß entsprechend Kraftstoff aus dem Saugraum 9 in den Pumpenarbeitsraum 4 strömen kann. Die Anzahl der Steuerkanäle 11 entspricht der Anzahl der Druckkanäle 7 und damit der Anzahl der pro Umdrehung des Pumpenkolbens ausgeführten Druckhübe. In den Druckkanälen 7 ist jeweils ein Druckventil 12 angeordnet, um die Druckleitungen zwischen Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe und Motor (nicht dargestellt) von den Druckkanälen 7 in Strömungsrichtung zur Pumpe hin hydraulisch abzukoppeln.The pump work chamber 4 is supplied with fuel via a suction channel 8 from a suction chamber 9 which is present in the housing of the injection pump and is filled with fuel, in that the suction channel 8 is opened by control channels 11 provided in the pump piston 1 during the suction stroke of the pump piston 1, so that fuel accordingly flows out the suction chamber 9 can flow into the pump work chamber 4. The number of control channels 11 corresponds to the number of pressure channels 7 and thus to the number of pressure strokes carried out per revolution of the pump piston. A pressure valve 12 is arranged in each of the pressure channels 7 in order to hydraulically decouple the pressure lines between the fuel injection pump and the engine (not shown) from the pressure channels 7 in the flow direction to the pump.

Die pro Hub in je einen der Druckkanäle 7 geförderte einzuspritzende Menge wird durch die axiale Lage eines um den Pumpenkolben 1 angeordneten Regelschiebers 13 bestimmt. Die axiale Lage des Regelschiebers 13 wird durch einen Drehzahlregler 14 und einen nicht dargestellten willkürlich betätigbaren Verstellhebel bestimmt, unter Auswertung der jeweiligen Drehzahl und Last, wobei letztere vorzugsweise der Stellung des Gaspedals der Brennkraftmaschine entspricht.The quantity to be injected into each of the pressure channels 7 per stroke is determined by the axial position of a slide valve 13 arranged around the pump piston 1. The axial position of the control slide 13 is determined by a speed controller 14 and an arbitrarily actuated adjusting lever, not shown, by evaluating the respective speed and load, the latter preferably corresponding to the position of the accelerator pedal of the internal combustion engine.

Der Saugraum 9 wird von einer Förderpumpe 15 her mit Kraftstoff versorgt, die auch von der Antriebswelle 2 angetrieben wird und deren Saugleitung 16 von einem nicht dargestellten Kraftstoffbehälter her mit Kraftstoff versorgt wird. Durch ein hier nicht dargestelltes Drucksteuerventil wird der Ausgangsdruck der Förderpumpe 15 und damit der Druck im Saugraum 9 gesteuert, so daß dieser Druck entsprechend einer zunehmenden Drehzahl steigt. Im Saugraum 9 sind der Nockentrieb 3 sowie der Drehzahlregler 14 angeordnet, die somit druckausgeglichen allseitig vom Kraftstoff umgeben sind und durch diese geschmiert werden.The suction chamber 9 is supplied with fuel by a feed pump 15, which is also driven by the drive shaft 2 and whose suction line 16 is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank, not shown. The output pressure of the feed pump 15 and thus the pressure in the suction chamber 9 is controlled by a pressure control valve, not shown here, so that this pressure increases in accordance with an increasing speed. The cam drive 3 and the speed controller 14 are arranged in the suction chamber 9 and are therefore surrounded on all sides by the fuel and are lubricated by them.

Der im Pumpengehäuse 17 angeordnete Nockentrieb 3 weist einen Rollen 18 tragenden Rollenring 19 auf, der um einen bestimmten Winkel verdrehbar im Pumpengehäuse 17 gelagert ist und in dessen U-förmigen Querschnitt die Rollen 18 gelagert sind. Dieser Rollenring 19 ist über ein Verstellglied in Form eines Verstellbolzens 21 mit einem Spritzverstellkolben 22 drehschlüssig gekoppelt. In der Innenbohrung dieses Rollenrings 19 ist eine Klauenkupplung vorhanden, bei der antriebsseitige Klauen 23 der Antriebswelle 2 mit abtriebsseitigen Klauen 23 des Pump- und Verteilerkolbens 1 ineinander greifen, so daß der Pump- und Verteilerkolben 1 unabhängig von der Antriebswelle 2 eine Hubbewegung während des form- und kraftschlüssigen Drehantriebes ausüben kann. Am Pumpenkolben 1 ist außerdem eine Stirnnockenscheibe 25 angeordnet, die mit einer Stirnnocken aufweisenden Fläche 26 auf den Rollen 18 abläuft, wobei die Zahl der Stirnnocken wiederum der Zahl der Druckkanäle 6 entspricht. Die Stirnnockenscheibe 25 wird durch Federn 27, von denen nur eine teilweise dargestellt ist, mit ihrer Lauffläche 26 auf die Rollen 18 gepresst.The cam drive 3 arranged in the pump housing 17 has a roller ring 19 which carries rollers 18, which is rotatably mounted in the pump housing 17 by a certain angle and in the U-shaped cross section of which the rollers 18 are mounted. This roller ring 19 is rotationally coupled to an injection adjusting piston 22 via an adjusting member in the form of an adjusting bolt 21. In the inner bore of this roller ring 19 there is a claw coupling, in which claws 23 on the drive side of the drive shaft 2 intermesh with claws 23 on the output side of the pumping and distributing piston 1 engage so that the pump and distributor piston 1 can exert a lifting movement during the positive and non-positive rotary drive independently of the drive shaft 2. An end cam disk 25 is also arranged on the pump piston 1 and runs on the rollers 18 with a surface 26 having end cams, the number of end cams in turn corresponding to the number of pressure channels 6. The end cam disk 25 is pressed with its running surface 26 onto the rollers 18 by springs 27, only one of which is shown in part.

Der, wie besonders Fig. 2 entnehmbar, tangential zum Rollenring 19 axial verschiebbare Spritzverstellkolben 22 ist in der einen Verstellrichtung durch eine Spritzverstellfeder 28 belastet und in der anderen Verstellrichtung durch den in einem Raum 29 herrschenden Druck von Steuerflüssigkeit, welche durch den auch im Saugraum 9 vorhandenen Kraftstoff gebildet wird, dessen Druck drehzahlabhängig gesteuert ist und welcher durch einen im Spritzverstellerkolben 22 vorhandenen Drosselkanal 31 zugeführt wird. Die Verschieberichtung des Spritzverstellkolbens 22 ist dabei so gewählt, daß wenn der Kraftstoffdruck im Saugraum 8 mit zunehmender Drehzahl steigt, der Spritzverstellkolben 22 entgegen der Spritzverstellfeder 28 verschoben den Rollenring 19 so verdreht, daß die Stirnnocken der Stirnnockenscheiben 25 früher mit den Rollen 18 in Eingriff gelangen, wodurch der Hubbeginn des Pumpenkolbens 1 und damit der Förderbeginn, d.h. der Spritzzeitpunkt des Kraftstoffes in bezug auf die Drehlage der Antriebswelle 2, früher erfolgt. Je höher also die Drehzahl ist, desto früher liegt dieser Spritzzeitpunkt.The, as can be seen particularly in FIG. 2, tangential to the roller ring 19 axially displaceable injection adjustment piston 22 is loaded in one adjustment direction by an injection adjustment spring 28 and in the other adjustment direction by the pressure of control liquid prevailing in a space 29, which is also caused by the pressure in the suction space 9 existing fuel is formed, the pressure of which is controlled as a function of speed and which is supplied through a throttle channel 31 present in the injection adjuster piston 22. The direction of displacement of the injection adjusting piston 22 is selected so that when the fuel pressure in the suction chamber 8 increases with increasing speed, the injection adjusting piston 22 is displaced counter to the injection adjusting spring 28 and rotates the roller ring 19 so that the end cams of the end cam disks 25 come into engagement with the rollers 18 earlier , whereby the start of the stroke of the pump piston 1 and thus the start of delivery, that is, the time of injection of the fuel with respect to the rotational position of the drive shaft 2 is earlier. So the higher the speed, the earlier this spraying time.

Der Antrieb des Drehzahlreglers 14 erfolgt über ein Zahnrad 32, das drehschlüssig auf die Antriebswelle 2 gesteckt ist und einen Drehzahlgeber 33 mit Fliehgewichten 34 antreibt, welcher an einer nicht dargestellten Reglermuffe angreifen, die axial verschiebbar gelagert ist und andererseits durch eine Regelfeder am Hebelsystem 35 angreift, welches wiederum den Regelschieber 13 für dessen Hublage anlenkt. Das Regelhebelsystem 35 ist hierfür auf einer Achse 36 schwenkbar gelagert. In bekannter Weise wird bei diesen Pumpen die Vorspannung der Regelfeder durch den Verstellhebel geändert und zwar in der Art, daß bei Verstellung des Verstellhebels in Richtung zunehmender Last auch die Vorspannung der Regelfeder zunimmt, so daß der Regelschieber 13 weiter nach oben geschoben wird, was aufgrund eines dadurch gegebenen späteren Aufsteuerns eines Entlastungskanals 37 des Pumpenarbeitsraums 4 während des Druckhubs des Pumpenkolbens 1 eine Zunahme der Einspritzmenge zur Folge hat. Der Entlastungskanal 37 ist im Pumpenkolben 1 angeordnet und mit der Axialbohrung 5 verbunden. Die Absteuerung der noch im Pumpenarbeitsraum 4 befindlichen Kraftstoffmenge ist immer dann gegeben, wenn während des Druckhubs des Pumpenkolbens 1 die Mündungen 38 des Entlastungskanals 37 aus dem Regelschieber 13 austauchen und so die weitere Kraftstofförderung des Pumpenkolbens in den Saugraum 9 erfolgt. Der Förderbeginn hingegen erfolgt stets nach Beginn und Zurücklegung eines bestimmten Druckhubweges des Pumpenkolbens 1, nämlich nachdem die im Pumpenkolben 1 verlaufenden Steuerkanäle 11 vom Saugkanal 8 getrennt wurden. Wenn also bei zunehmender Drehzahl der Rollenring 19 durch den Spritzverstellkolben 22 um einige Winkelgrad verdreht wird und damit die Antriebsrollen 18 in bezug auf die Lauffläche 26 der Stirnnockenscheibe 25 verschoben werden, beginnt entsprechend der Druckhub des Pumpenkolbens 1 früher mit entsprechend früherer Unterbrechung der Steuerkanäle zum Saugkanal. Um über diese rein drehzahlabhängige Spritzzeitpunktverstellung auch eine davon unabhängige temperaturabhängige Verstellung des Spritzbeginns in Richtung früh zu erhalten, greift am Rollenring 19 in eine dort vorgesehene Nut 39 ein Kugelbolzen 41 ein, der an der Stirnseite einer Verstellwelle 42 exzentrisch angeordnet ist, an welcher andererseits ein Verstellhebel 43 angreift. Sobald also bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine der Verstellhebel 43 in Richtung früh verschoben wird, wird über die Verstellwelle 42 und den exzentrisch angeordneten Kugelbolzen 41 dieser an das Ende 44 der Nut 39 gedrückt, so daß nach Überwindung der Kraft der Spritzverstellfeder 28 der Rollenring 19 entsprechend im Gehäuse 17 verdreht wird. Hiermit ist jeweils der spätest mögliche Spritzzeitpunkt bestimmt - der Rollenring 19 kann nunmehr nur noch in Richtung früher verdreht werden.The speed controller 14 is driven by a gear 32, which is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 2 and drives a speed sensor 33 with flyweights 34, which engage a control sleeve, not shown, which is axially displaceably mounted and, on the other hand, engages the lever system 35 by means of a control spring , which in turn articulates the control slide 13 for its stroke position. For this purpose, the control lever system 35 is pivotably mounted on an axis 36. In a known manner, the bias of the control spring is changed by the adjusting lever in these pumps in such a way that when the adjusting lever is moved in the direction of increasing load, the bias of the control spring also increases, so that the control slide 13 is pushed further up, which is due to a subsequent opening of a relief channel 37 of the pump work chamber 4 during the pressure stroke of the pump piston 1 results in an increase in the injection quantity. The relief channel 37 is arranged in the pump piston 1 and connected to the axial bore 5. The control of the amount of fuel still in the pump work chamber 4 is always given when the orifices 38 of the relief channel 37 from the control slide during the pressure stroke of the pump piston 1 13 and so the further fuel delivery of the pump piston into the suction chamber 9 takes place. The start of delivery, on the other hand, always takes place after the start and covering of a certain pressure stroke path of the pump piston 1, namely after the control channels 11 running in the pump piston 1 have been separated from the suction channel 8. If, therefore, with increasing speed, the roller ring 19 is rotated by a few angular degrees by the injection adjusting piston 22 and thus the drive rollers 18 are displaced with respect to the running surface 26 of the end cam disk 25, the pressure stroke of the pump piston 1 accordingly begins earlier with a corresponding earlier interruption of the control channels to the suction channel . In order to obtain an independent temperature-dependent adjustment of the start of injection in the direction of early, via this purely speed-dependent injection timing adjustment, a spherical pin 41 engages on the roller ring 19 in a groove 39 provided there, which is arranged eccentrically on the end face of an adjustment shaft 42, on the other hand an Adjustment lever 43 attacks. As soon as the adjusting lever 43 is moved in the direction of early when the internal combustion engine is cold, the adjusting shaft 42 and the eccentrically arranged ball pin 41 press it against the end 44 of the groove 39, so that after overcoming the force of the injection adjusting spring 28, the roller ring 19 correspondingly in the housing 17 is rotated. The latest possible injection time is hereby determined in each case - the roller ring 19 can now only be rotated in the direction earlier.

Bei dieser Verdrehung muß auch die Kraft einer Schenkelfeder 45 überwunden werden, die am Verstellhebel 43 in Richtung spät angreift. Um die jeweilige Verstellrichtung in der Zeichnung anzugeben, sind entsprechende Doppelpfeile vorgesehen, wobei die Pfeile in Richtung "plus" eine Späterverstellung und die in Richtung "minus" eine Früherverstellung des Spritzzeitpunkts bedeuten. Außerdem ist in Fig. 2 der Spritzverstellkolben 22 um den Weg a verschoben, und es liegt der Kugelbolzen 41 am Ende 44 der Nut 39 an, als Hinweis dafür, daß der Verstellhebel 43 in eine für kalten Motor entsprechende Frühverstellung verdreht ist, für die a signifikant ist. Für diese Frühverstellung greift am Verstellhebel 43 ein Temperaturgeber 46 an, der als Steuergerät eine der Temperatur entsprechende Verstellung des Verstellhebels 43 bewirkt und der im einzelnen anhand von Fig. 3 erläutert wird.With this rotation, the force of a leg spring 45 must also be overcome, which acts on the adjusting lever 43 in the late direction. In order to indicate the respective adjustment direction in the drawing, corresponding double arrows are provided, the arrows in the "plus" direction indicating a later adjustment and those in the "minus" direction indicating an earlier adjustment of the spraying time. In addition, in Fig. 2 of the injection adjusting piston 22 is displaced by the path a, and there is the ball pin 41 at the end 44 of the groove 39, as an indication that the adjusting lever 43 is rotated into a corresponding early adjustment for cold engine, for the a is significant. For this early adjustment, a temperature sensor 46 acts on the adjusting lever 43, which, as a control device, effects an adjustment of the adjusting lever 43 corresponding to the temperature and which is explained in detail with reference to FIG. 3.

Der Temperaturgeber 46 weist wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt einen Dehnstoffregler 47 auf, der über ein elektrisches Heizgerät 48 synchron zur Motortemperatur erwärmbar ist. Dieser Dehnstoffregler 47 verschiebt mit zunehmender Temperatur fortschreitend über einen Zapfen 49 einen Federteller 51 entgegen der Kraft einer Einspannfeder 52 und verstellt dabei ein Koppelstück 53 eines Bowdenzuges 54, der als Mitnahmeglied für den Verstellhebel 43 dient. Hierfür ist am Ende des Bowdenzuges ein Klemmstück 55 vorgesehen. Der Bowdenzug selbst ist durch eine Gummitülle 56 verkleidet, die zwischen dem Verstellhebel 43 und einem Gehäuse 57 des Temperaturgebers 46 angeordnet ist.As shown in FIG. 3, the temperature sensor 46 has an expansion regulator 47 which can be heated in synchronism with the engine temperature via an electric heater 48. This expansion regulator 47 progressively shifts a spring plate 51 against the force of a clamping spring 52 via a pin 49 and adjusts a coupling piece 53 of a Bowden cable 54, which serves as a driving element for the adjusting lever 43. For this purpose, a clamping piece 55 is provided at the end of the Bowden cable. The Bowden cable itself is covered by a rubber grommet 56 which is arranged between the adjusting lever 43 and a housing 57 of the temperature sensor 46.

Zwischen dem Klemmstück 55 und dem Verstellhebel 43 ist relativ zum Klemmstück 55 auf dem Bowdenzug verschiebbar eine Buchse 58 vorgesehen, wobei zwischen dieser Buchse 58 und dem Klemmstück 55 eine Zusatzfeder 59 angeordnet ist. Die unmittelbare Kraftübertragung zwischen dem Bowdenzug 54 und dem Verstellhebel 43 wird über einen Klemmbolzen 61 bewirkt, der innerhalb der Buchse 58 axial verschiebbar ist, wobei eine Bodenfläche 62 der Buchse 58 als Anschlag für den möglichen Relativhub b zwischen Buchse 58 und Klemmbolzen 61 dient. Das Klemmstück 55 und der Klemmbolzen 61 weisen einen festen Abstand voneinander auf für den möglichen Verstellweg b der Buchse 58 von der gezeigten Stellung bis zur Anlage der Bodenfläche 62 der Buchse 58 am als Anschlag dienenden Klemmbolzen 61Between the clamping piece 55 and the adjusting lever 43, a bushing 58 is slidably provided on the Bowden cable relative to the clamping piece 55, an additional spring 59 being arranged between this bushing 58 and the clamping piece 55. The direct power transmission between the Bowden cable 54 and the adjusting lever 43 is effected via a clamping bolt 61 which is axially displaceable within the bushing 58, a bottom surface 62 of the bushing 58 serving as a stop for the possible relative stroke b between the bushing 58 and the clamping bolt 61. The clamping piece 55 and the clamping bolt 61 are at a fixed distance from one another for the possible adjustment path b of the bushing 58 from the position shown to the contact of the bottom surface 62 of the bushing 58 on the clamping bolt 61 serving as a stop

Die Zusatzfeder 59 wirkt in Richtung früher Spritzzeitpunkt auf den Verstellhebel 43, wobei bei einer Verdrehung desselben unter Wirkung dieser Zusatzfeder 59 der Klemmbolzen 61 in seiner Lage verharren würde und die Buchse 58 durch die Zusatzfeder 59 angetrieben den Verstellhebel 43 nach links schwenken würde. Eine solche Verstellung ist jedoch nur möglich, wenn die in Richtung spät wirkenden Kräfte, wie nämlich die Schenkelfeder 45 und die Spritzverstellfeder 28, überwunden wären. Erfindungsgemäß ist die Kraft der Zusatzfeder 59 mit ihrer Verstellwirkung auf den Verstellhebel 43 etwas größer als die Kraft der Schenkelfeder 45 mit ihrer Stellwirkung auf diesen Verstellhebel 43. Für das Gesamtkräfteverhältnis unter Einbeziehung der Exzenterlage des Kugelbolzens 41 zur Verstellwelle 42 sowie der Kraft der in Richtung spät wirkenden Spritzverstellfeder 28 und der durch den Verstellbolzen 21 gegebenen Hebelübersetzung ist die in Richtung spät wirkende, am Rollenring 19 angreifende mechanische Kraft durch die Spritzverstellfeder 28 und die Schenkelfeder 45 größer als die mechanische Verstellkraft, die, durch die Zusatzfeder 59 verursacht, in Richtung früh wirkt. Hierbei kann aufgrund des günstigen Hebelverhältnisses durch den Verstellhebel 43 mit einer Zusatzfeder 59 verhältnismäßig geringer Kraft eine verhältnismäßig große Verstellkraft am Rollenring erzeugt werden.The additional spring 59 acts in the direction of the earlier injection timing on the adjusting lever 43, wherein if the same were rotated under the action of this additional spring 59, the clamping bolt 61 would remain in its position and the bush 58 driven by the additional spring 59 would pivot the adjusting lever 43 to the left. However, such an adjustment is only possible if the forces acting in the late direction, such as the leg spring 45 and the injection adjustment spring 28, have been overcome. According to the invention, the force of the additional spring 59 with its adjusting action on the adjusting lever 43 is somewhat greater than the force of the leg spring 45 with its adjusting action thereon Adjusting lever 43. For the total force ratio, including the eccentric position of the ball pin 41 to the adjusting shaft 42, the force of the injection adjusting spring 28 acting in the late direction and the lever ratio given by the adjusting pin 21, the mechanical force acting on the roller ring 19 acting in the late direction is the injection adjusting spring 28 and the leg spring 45 greater than the mechanical adjusting force, which, caused by the additional spring 59, acts in the direction of early. Due to the favorable lever ratio, a relatively large adjusting force can be generated on the roller ring by the adjusting lever 43 with an additional spring 59 of relatively low force.

Der Schwenkbereich des Verstellhebels 43 ist durch Anschläge 63 und 64 begrenzt, wobei jedoch in jedem Fall bei warmer Brennkraftmaschine durch den Temperaturgeber 46 und mit Unterstützung der Schenkelfeder 45 der Verstellhebel 43 soweit in Richtung spät verschwenkt wird, daß der Kugelbolzen 41 keine Wirkverbindung mit dem Rollenring 19 eingehen kann und die Spritzzeitpunktverstellung nur noch durch den Spritzverstellkolben 22 erfolgt.The pivoting range of the adjusting lever 43 is limited by stops 63 and 64, but in any case in the case of a warm internal combustion engine by the temperature sensor 46 and with the support of the leg spring 45, the adjusting lever 43 is pivoted so far in the direction that the ball pin 41 has no operative connection with the roller ring 19 can enter and the injection timing is only carried out by the injection adjustment piston 22.

Anhand des in Fig. 4 dargestellten Funktionsdiagramm wird das Arbeiten der Zusatzfeder 59 erläutert. In diesem Diagramm ist über der Drehzahl n (Abszisse) der Förderbeginn fb bzw. der Spritzzeitpunkt (Ordinate) aufgetragen, je höher der Punkt liegt, desto früher erfolgt der Spritzbeginn. Um bei der bisherigen Annahme zu bleiben, zeigt der entsprechende Doppelpfeil mit minus nach oben und plus nach unten. Die gestrichelt dargestellte Kennlinie mit einem waagrechten Abschnitt-c und einem schrägen Abschnitt d, der in einen durchgezogenen Abschnitt e gleicher Steigung übergeht, entspricht dem bekannten Spritzzeitpunktversteller, ohne die Zusatzfeder 59. Erfindungsgemäß wird durch die Zusatzfeder 59 die durchgezogene Kennlinie f erzielt, die in die Kennlinie e übergeht, während beim bekannten Spritzzeitpunktversteller, bei dem für kalten Motor erfolgten mechanischen Spritzverstellung a (siehe Fig. 2) der Verstellkolben 22 und damit der Rollenring 19 in dieser Einstellage verharren, bis die Drehzahl nc erreicht ist, bei der der dieser Drehzahl entsprechende Druck im Raum 29 beginnt, die Kraft der Spritzverstellfeder 28 zu überwinden, und wonach dann völlig unabhängig von der mechanischen Vorgabe durch den Kugelbolzen 41 (dieser bleibt stehen) der Rollenring 19 gemäß der Kennlinie d und entsprechend der Motordrehzahl nach früher verdreht wird, so wie es bei der warmen Brennkraftmaschine der Fall ist. Insofern entspricht die Kennlinie d in Verbindung mit der Kennlinie e dem typischen Spritzzeitpunktverlauf bei warmer Brennkraftmaschine. Durch das Verwenden der Zusatzfeder 59 jedoch beginnt bereits eine gewisse Verdrehung des Nockenrings 19 in Richtung früh von a aus, sobald das Gleichgewicht zwischen den in Richtung spät wirkenden Kräften durch die Verstellfeder 28 und die Schenkelfeder 45 mit den in Richtung früh wirkenden Kräften durch die Zusatzfeder 59, unterstützt durch den Kraftstoffdruck im Raum 29, wenn dieser Druck aufgrund zunehmender Drehzahl steigt, erreicht ist. Bei Erreichen der Drehzahl ne, die oberhalb der Drehzahl nc liegt, ist dann der Weg b der Zusatzfeder 59 beendet, was einer Spritzzeitpunktverstellung in Richtung früh des Weges FBb entspricht. Wie dem Diagramm deutlich entnehmbar ist, ergibt dieses einen weichen Übergang zwischen dem spätest zulässigen Spritzzeitpunkt bei kalter Maschine und der höherer Drehzahl entsprechenden Frühverstellung.The operation of the additional spring 59 is explained on the basis of the functional diagram shown in FIG. 4. In this diagram, the start of delivery fb or the injection time (ordinate) is plotted against the speed n (abscissa), the higher the point, the earlier the spray starts. In order to stay with the previous assumption, the corresponding double arrow points with minus up and plus down. The dashed line with a horizontal section-c and a sloping section d, which merges into a solid section e of the same slope, corresponds to the known spray timing adjuster, without the additional spring 59. According to the invention, the solid characteristic f is achieved by the additional spring 59, which in the characteristic curve e merges, while in the known injection timing adjuster, in the mechanical injection adjustment a for cold engine (see FIG. 2), the adjusting piston 22 and thus the roller ring 19 remain in this setting position until the speed nc is reached, at which this speed Corresponding pressure in space 29 begins to overcome the force of the injection adjusting spring 28, and then the roller ring 19 is rotated according to the characteristic curve d and the engine speed, regardless of the mechanical specification by the ball pin 41 (which stops) as is the case with the warm internal combustion engine machine is the case. In this respect, the characteristic curve d in connection with the characteristic curve e corresponds to the typical course of the injection timing in a warm internal combustion engine. By using the additional spring 59, however, a certain rotation of the cam ring 19 begins early from a as soon as the balance between the forces acting in the late direction by the adjusting spring 28 and the Leg spring 45 with the forces acting in the direction of early by the additional spring 59, supported by the fuel pressure in the space 29 when this pressure increases due to increasing speed. When the speed ne is reached, which is above the speed nc, the path b of the additional spring 59 is then ended, which corresponds to an injection timing adjustment in the direction of the path FB b . As can be clearly seen in the diagram, this results in a smooth transition between the latest permissible spraying time when the machine is cold and the early adjustment corresponding to the higher speed.

Bei der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Variante ist das Klemmstück 55 innerhalb eines einseitig geschlossenen Nippels 75 fest angeordnet, wobei dieser Nippel mit seiner offenen Seite mit dem Verstellhebel 43 zusammenwirkt. Im Nippel 75 ist ein Kolben 76 axial verschiebbar angeordnet, der ebenfalls mit dem Verstellhebel 43 zusammenwirkt und an dem sich einerseits die Zusatzfeder 59 abstützt, die andererseits am Klemmnippel 55 angreift. Der Kolben 76 ist für den Durchgang des Bowdenzuges 54 durchbohrt. Sobald also die Möglichkeit aufgrund des Kräfteverhältnisses besteht, wird durch die Stellfeder 59 der Kolben 76 und damit der Verstellhebel 43 nach links in Richtung früh verschoben und dies relativ zum mit dem Bowdenzug 54 ortsfesten Nippel 75.In the variant shown in FIG. 5, the clamping piece 55 is fixedly arranged within a nipple 75 which is closed on one side, this nipple interacting with the adjusting lever 43 with its open side. A piston 76 is arranged axially displaceably in the nipple 75, which likewise interacts with the adjusting lever 43 and on which the additional spring 59 is supported on the one hand, which acts on the clamping nipple 55 on the other hand. The piston 76 is pierced for the passage of the Bowden cable 54. As soon as there is the possibility due to the balance of forces, the adjusting spring 59 displaces the piston 76 and thus the adjusting lever 43 to the left in the early direction and this relative to the nipple 75 which is fixed with the Bowden cable 54.

Der Verstellhebel 43 ist hier in einer Stellung für warmen Motor dargestellt, also in einer Stellung, in der er keine Spritzbeginnverstellaufgaben übernommen hat. Entsprechend ist über den Temperaturgeber 46 und Bowdenzug 54 der Nippel 75 so weit nach rechts verschoben, daß selbst bei durch die Zusatzfeder 59 aus dem Nippel 75 herausgeschobenem Kolben 76 der Verstellhebel 43 eine Stellung einnimmt, die ohne Verstelleinfluß bleibt. In dieser Figur ist gestrichtelt die vergleichsweise Stellung des Verstellhebels 43 dargestellt, die er aufgrund der Verstellung durch den Temperaturgeber 46 bei kaltem Motor einnimmt zuzüglich einer Verstellung für höhere Drehzahl durch die Zusatzfeder 59.The adjusting lever 43 is here in a position for warm engine shown, that is, in a position in which he has not taken on any injection start adjustment tasks. Correspondingly, the nipple 75 is shifted so far to the right via the temperature sensor 46 and Bowden cable 54 that even when the piston 76 is pushed out of the nipple 75 by the additional spring 59, the adjusting lever 43 assumes a position which remains without the influence of adjusting. In this figure, the comparative position of the adjustment lever 43, which it assumes due to the adjustment by the temperature sensor 46 when the engine is cold, is shown in dashed lines, plus an adjustment for higher speed by the additional spring 59.

In Fig. 6 ist eine dritte Variante der Erfindung dargestellt, bei der sich am Innenboden eines Blechtopfes 65 die Zusatzfeder 59 einerseits abstützt, die sich andererseits an einem Schieber 66 abstützt, der eine stufenförmige Querbohrung 67 hat, um mit einem für den Bowdenzug 54 quer durchbohrten Stufenschraubbolzen 68 als Klemmstück zu dienen. Im Blechtopf 65 sind Längsnuten 69 für den Stufenschraubbolzen 68 vorhanden. Außerdem bildet die Stirnseite 71 des Schiebers 66 mit dem Boden 72 des Topfes 65 den einen Begrenzungsanschlag, während der andere Anschlag durch die Länge der Längsnuten 69 in Verbindung mit dem Stufenschraubbolzen 68 gebildet wird. In der Bodenwand des Topfes 65 ist eine den Bowdenzug 54 durchlassende Bohrung 73 vorhanden. Außerdem ist an dieser Wand um den Bowdenzug 54 herum eine Hülse 74 befestigt, die als Anschlag mit dem Verstellhebel 43 zusammenwirkt. Bei dieser Variante wird zur zusätzlichen Frühverstellung der Topf 65 durch die Feder 59 relativ zum mit dem Bowdenzug 54 ortsfesten Schieber 66 verstellt.In Fig. 6, a third variant of the invention is shown, in which the additional spring 59 is supported on the inside of a tin pot 65 on the one hand, which is supported on the other hand on a slide 66 which has a stepped transverse bore 67 in order to cross with one for the Bowden cable 54 pierced stepped screw bolt 68 to serve as a clamping piece. Longitudinal grooves 69 for the stepped screw bolt 68 are provided in the tin pot 65. In addition, the end face 71 of the slide 66 forms the one limit stop with the bottom 72 of the pot 65, while the other stop is formed by the length of the longitudinal grooves 69 in connection with the stepped screw bolt 68. In the bottom wall of the pot 65 there is a bore 73 which allows the Bowden cable 54 to pass through. There is also a sleeve on this wall around the Bowden cable 54 74 attached, which cooperates as a stop with the adjusting lever 43. In this variant, for additional early adjustment, the pot 65 is adjusted by the spring 59 relative to the slide 66 which is stationary with the Bowden cable 54.

BezugszahlenlisteList of reference numbers SpritzzeitpunktTime of spraying

mech. Kraft

1
Pumpenkolben
2
Antriebswelle
3
Nockengetriebe
4
Pumpenarbeitsraum
5
Axialbohrung in 1
6
Verteilerlängsnut in 1
7
Druckkanäle
8
Saugkanal
9
Saugraum
10
11
Steuerkanäle
12
Druckventil
13
Regelschieber
14
Drehzahlgeber
15
Förderpumpe
16
Saugleitung
17
Pumpengehäuse
18
Rollen
19
Rollenring
20
21
Verstellbolzen
22
Spritzverstellkolben
23
Klauen an 2
24
Klauen an 1
25
Stirnnockenscheibe
26
Lauffläche von 25
27
Federn
28
Spritzverstellfeder
29
Raum
30
31
Drosselkanal
32
Zahnrad
33
Drehzahlgeber
34
Fliehgewichte
35
Regelhebel
36
37
Entlastungskanal
38
Mündungen
39
Nut in 19
40
41
Kugelbolzen
42
Verstellwelle
43
Verstellhebel
44
Ende von 39
45
Schenkelfeder
46
Temperaturgeber
47
Dehnstoffregler
48
Heizgerät
49
Zapfen
50
51
Federteller
52
Einspannfedern
53
Koppelstück
54
Bowdenzug
55
Klemmstück
56
Gummitülle
57
Gehäuse
58
Buchse
59
Zusatzfeder
60
61
Klemmbolzen
62
Bodenfläche
63
Anschlag
64
Anschlag
65
Topf
66
Schieber
67
Stufenbohrung
68
Stufenschraubbolzen
69
Längsnuten
a
Weg
b
Weg zwischen 58 und 62
70
71
Stirnseite von 66
72
Boden von 65
mech. Kraft an RR angreifend in Richtung früh oder Richtung spät durch Federn verursacht
73
Bohrung
74
Hülse
75
Nippel
76
Kolben
mech. force
1
Pump piston
2nd
drive shaft
3rd
Cam gear
4th
Pump work room
5
Axial bore in 1
6
Longitudinal distributor groove in 1
7
Pressure channels
8th
Suction channel
9
Suction chamber
10th
11
Control channels
12th
Pressure valve
13
Control valve
14
Speed sensor
15
Feed pump
16
Suction line
17th
Pump housing
18th
roll
19th
Roller ring
20th
21
Adjustment bolt
22
Injection adjustable piston
23
Claws on 2
24th
Claws on 1st
25th
Front cam disc
26
Tread of 25
27
feathers
28
Injection adjustment spring
29
room
30th
31
Throttle channel
32
gear
33
Speed sensor
34
Centrifugal weights
35
Control lever
36
37
Relief channel
38
Mouths
39
Groove in 19th
40
41
Ball stud
42
Adjustment shaft
43
Adjustment lever
44
End of 39
45
Leg spring
46
Temperature sensor
47
Expansion regulator
48
heater
49
Cones
50
51
Spring plate
52
Clamping springs
53
Coupling piece
54
Bowden cable
55
Clamp
56
Rubber grommet
57
casing
58
Rifle
59
Additional spring
60
61
Clamping bolt
62
Floor area
63
attack
64
attack
65
pot
66
Slider
67
Stepped bore
68
Step bolt
69
Longitudinal grooves
a
path
b
Path between 58 and 62
70
71
Front of 66
72
Floor of 65
mech. Force attacking RR towards early or late caused by springs
73
drilling
74
Sleeve
75
nipple
76
piston

Claims (8)

  1. Distributor-type fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines
    - with a speed governor for controlling the injected quantity as a function of operating parameters such as load and rotational speed,
    - with a cam drive which brings about the rotory and pumping motion of the pump and distributor plunger (1) and by means of which a change in the time of the beginning of delivery, which is determined by the lift of the pump and distributor plunger (1) initiated by the rotating part (25) is brought about when a normally stationary part (19) is rotated relative to the rotating part,
    - with a hydraulic injection instant adjuster (21, 22, 28, 29, 31) for changing the beginning of delivery, by means of which the normally stationary part (19) can be adjusted by way of an adjusting member (21), connected to the latter, which is coupled to an injection adjustment piston (22) of the injection instant adjuster, which injection adjustment piston is acted upon counter to the force of an injection adjustment spring (28) by a control fluid, the pressure of which changes as a function of the rotational speed, with the result that the injection instant is adjusted in the advanced direction as the rotational speed increases,
    - and with a mechanical injection-instant adjustment device which engages on the stationary part and by which, when the internal combustion engine is cold, the stationary part is displaced in the advanced direction by means of a temperature sensor (46) and a driving member (41), counter to the force of the injection adjustment spring (28), such that a further advance is brought about by the hydraulic injection instant adjuster only after this advance has been reached,
    characterized in that the connection between the temperature sensor (46) and the driving member (41) acts via an additional spring (59), which is preloaded in the cold state of the internal combustion engine and is relieved as the hydraulic pressure increases, up to a stop (61), an additional adjustment in the advanced direction counter to the injection adjustment spring (28), which acts in the retarded direction, being brought about to assist the pressure of the control fluid.
  2. Distributor-type injection pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that the driving member (41) has an eccentric stud which acts in an aperture (39) in the stationary part and is arranged at one end of an adjusting shaft (42) arranged with its axis radial to the stationary part, on which adjusting shaft there engages an adjusting lever (43).
  3. Distributor-type fuel injection pump according to Claim 2, characterized in that engaging on the adjusting lever (43) in the retarded direction is a torsion spring (45) whose actuating force acting on the adjusting shaft (42) is lower than the rotational force produced by the additional spring (59) by way of the adjusting lever (43).
  4. Distributor-type fuel injection pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cam drive has a roller ring (19) mounted in the pump housing (17), serving as the stationary part and having rollers (18) and has a face cam disc (25) which is provided with a running surface (26) running on the rollers (18) and is driven by a drive shaft (2) together with the pump and distributor plunger (1) and a feed pump (15), at the same rotational speed as these.
  5. Distributor-type fuel injection pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature sensor (46) is coupled to the adjusting lever (43) by means of a Bowden cable (54), arranged on which for the purpose of coupling to the adjusting lever is a clamping piece (68, 55) between which and a supporting part (58, 65, 76), which can be adjusted by an adjustment travel b determined by the clamping piece (55) and the stop (61, 69, 75) and which can be brought to rest against the adjusting lever (43) by the additional spring (59), the additional spring (59) is clamped, the adjustment travel b of the supporting part being, at the same time, the possible adjustment travel of the additional spring (59) for the additional adjustment in the advanced direction.
  6. Distributor-type fuel injection pump according to Claim 5, characterized in that the supporting part is a cup (65) which accommodates the additional spring (59), through which the Bowden cable (54) is passed axially and which is guided at least indirectly and displaceably on the clamping piece (66; 68) between which and the bottom (72) of the cup the additional spring is clamped, and a part (74) of the cup facing the adjusting member (43) can be brought to rest against the adjusting lever (43) by the additional spring (59), the adjustment travel b of the cup relative to the clamping piece (68) being determined by two stops (69, 68, 71; 69, 68) on the clamping piece (68) and the cup (65).
  7. Distributor-type fuel injection pump according to Claim 5, characterized in that arranged on the Bowden cable are two clamping pieces (55) and (61) between which there is, displaceable on the Bowden cable, a bush (58) which at one end interacts with the adjusting lever (43) and, at the other end, is supported against one clamping piece (55), while the other clamping piece (61) interacts with the adjusting member (43).
  8. Distributor-type fuel injection pump according to Claim 5, characterized in that the clamping piece (55) is secured in a nipple (75), there being arranged in the nipple (75) in a manner axially displaceable on the Bowden cable a piston (76) which at one end interacts, like the nipple (75), with the adjusting member (43) and, at the other end, is loaded by the additional spring (59), which is supported at the other end against the clamping nipple (55).
EP89123118A 1989-01-07 1989-12-14 Distributor-type fuel injection pump for internal-combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP0377851B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3900345A DE3900345A1 (en) 1989-01-07 1989-01-07 DISTRIBUTION FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3900345 1989-01-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0377851A2 EP0377851A2 (en) 1990-07-18
EP0377851A3 EP0377851A3 (en) 1990-12-27
EP0377851B1 true EP0377851B1 (en) 1995-06-07

Family

ID=6371705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89123118A Expired - Lifetime EP0377851B1 (en) 1989-01-07 1989-12-14 Distributor-type fuel injection pump for internal-combustion engines

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0377851B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2983562B2 (en)
KR (1) KR0148798B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3900345A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4407617B4 (en) * 1994-03-08 2010-08-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2641445C2 (en) * 1976-09-15 1985-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Adjustment device for the start of injection in a fuel injection pump for an internal combustion engine
US4366796A (en) * 1977-06-30 1983-01-04 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Distribution type fuel injection pump
DE2844910A1 (en) * 1978-10-14 1980-04-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02230928A (en) 1990-09-13
EP0377851A2 (en) 1990-07-18
JP2983562B2 (en) 1999-11-29
DE3900345A1 (en) 1990-07-12
KR900011970A (en) 1990-08-02
KR0148798B1 (en) 1998-10-01
EP0377851A3 (en) 1990-12-27
DE58909284D1 (en) 1995-07-13

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