EP0377441A1 - Safety-operational surveillance of a speed-rate controlled blower for furnace air - Google Patents
Safety-operational surveillance of a speed-rate controlled blower for furnace air Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0377441A1 EP0377441A1 EP90100035A EP90100035A EP0377441A1 EP 0377441 A1 EP0377441 A1 EP 0377441A1 EP 90100035 A EP90100035 A EP 90100035A EP 90100035 A EP90100035 A EP 90100035A EP 0377441 A1 EP0377441 A1 EP 0377441A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- air
- fuel
- setpoint
- burner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000003517 Elaeocarpus dentatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
- F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
- F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
- F23N2005/181—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air
- F23N2005/182—Air flow switch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2233/00—Ventilators
- F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
- F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
- F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to the safety monitoring of the speed of a combustion air blower for an oil, gas or dual-fuel burner.
- the amount of air required for combustion in an oil, gas or dual-fuel forced draft burner is conveyed by a combustion air blower.
- the amount of air is supplied to the amount of fuel either through a throttle valve; this can also be achieved by changing the speed of the combustion air fan.
- the safety-related monitoring of the speed-controlled combustion air blower is used to safely switch off the combustion in the event of deviations from the specified fuel-air ratio before the occurrence of impermissibly high pollutant emissions.
- burners in the case of oil, gas or dual-fuel forced draft burners, hereinafter referred to as burners, the fuel and the combustion air are changed in a mechanically coupled manner in order to adapt the burner output to the heat requirement of the system.
- the amount of air required for the combustion of the respective predetermined fuel is throttled via an air flap to the level required for a certain fuel-air ratio at a constant speed of the combustion air blower determined by the mains frequency.
- the required amount of air can also be achieved by changing the speed of the combustion air fan of the burner.
- monitoring is carried out by measuring the mass flows of the combustion air and the fuel.
- the invention has for its object in oil, gas or dual-fuel burners, the amount of combustion air is determined by changing the speed of the combustion air fan, the ratio of fuel to air quantity reliably monitored.
- the predefined fuel-air ratio is carried out according to the invention by the monitoring of the speed of the combustion air blower, which automatically detects errors and thus functions in an intrinsically safe manner, depending on the position of the actuator for the fuel quantity.
- an actuator is controlled by a power controller, which determines the amount of fuel.
- the specified amount of fuel is controlled via the speed control assigned the amount of air required for combustion.
- the speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the combustion air blower is set by varying the frequency and voltage via a static frequency converter.
- FIG 1 the speed control and the safety monitoring of the speed-controlled combustion air fan of a burner is shown.
- the power control (1) of the heat generator controls the drive (2) of the actuators for fuel metering (3), (4).
- the respective position of this drive (2) is detected by a sensor (5) and fed to a function transmitter (6) as an input signal.
- This gives a signal adapted to the fuel-air ratio to the frequency converter (7) as a speed-proportional setpoint.
- An output voltage of the frequency converter which is variable in frequency and voltage causes the setting of a predetermined speed of the combustion air fan of the burner (8).
- the function of the burner is determined by this open timing chain.
- a tachogenerator (9) is driven directly by the engine for speed detection, which emits an intrinsically safe, speed-proportional signal as an active encoder. This signal is fed as an actual speed value to the two comparators (10) and (11).
- a second independent sensor (12) which is also actuated by the drive (2), sends its signal to a second independent function generator (13).
- the comparison setpoint formed in the function generator (13), which corresponds to the speed setpoint, is also applied to the two comparators (10) and (11).
- Both comparators which work as independent devices, carry out a target / actual value comparison. If there is an impermissible deviation between the setpoint and actual value, both comparators send a signal to evaluation logic (14), which causes the burner (8) to be switched off after an allowable delay time has elapsed.
- evaluation logic 14
- the two independent control chains for actual value formation and setpoint formation are monitored on two channels.
- test signals from the comparator test circuit (15) are applied to them at periodic intervals and their functionally correct effect is monitored. The periodic course of time is effected by component-tested timers.
- the frequency converter (7) receives the speed setpoint, and directly the comparators (10) and (11) the comparison setpoint from 2 independent encoders a correspondingly increased signal to the comparators given.
- the required air volume is set via an air flap (18) additionally installed in the air duct, the increased pressure of the combustion air being thereby achieved.
- This air flap (18) is actuated by a second correction actuator (19), which is inevitably activated, via a mechanical connection (20). After ignition, the speed control takes over the fuel Air allocation.
- the frequency converter (7) is activated and the speed control is deactivated.
- the air flap (18) is brought into a throttle position via the correction point drive (19) used for the starting sequence.
- a predetermined fuel-air ratio is achieved over the entire power adjustment range of the burner via a mechanical compound control device (20) and (22).
- FIG. 2 shows the block diagram of the speed control and safety monitoring with additional acting residual oxygen control device.
- the O2 probe (23) used to detect the residual oxygen value in the exhaust gas gives its measurement signal processed via an O2 measuring device (24) to a controller (25).
- the signal formed by the sensor (12) for the comparison setpoint of the speed control is applied in the same way to the controller (25) and a further independent function generator (26).
- the function transmitter (26) forms an O2 setpoint depending on the burner output.
- the output of the regulator (25) influences the O2 correction (27), the signal from the function generator (6) to the frequency converter (7).
- the correction (27) influences the speed setpoint signal only within permissible predetermined limits. These limits are within the permissible range of the speed monitoring device, which are monitored by the two comparators (10) and (11).
- a limit switch (28) switches off the burner if the residual oxygen content deviates from the target value.
- Figure 3 shows an expansion of the speed control for the operation of an exhaust gas recirculation.
- the exhaust gas recirculation in which a quantity of exhaust gas is metered into the flame, reduces the nitrogen oxides that occur during combustion.
- a separate fan (29) for exhaust gas recirculation works parallel to the frequency and voltage variable output of the frequency converter (7) on which the combustion air fan is operated.
- the speed of the exhaust gas recirculation fan (29) is also carried in parallel. This means that the speed of the exhaust gas recirculation fan (29) is already monitored by monitoring the combustion air fan of the burner (8). In addition, depending on the burner output, the amount of exhaust gas recirculated can be reduced by a throttle device (30).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf die sicherheitstechnische Überwachung der Drehzahl eines Verbrennungsluftgebläses für einen Öl-, Gas- oder Zweistoff-Brenner.The invention relates to the safety monitoring of the speed of a combustion air blower for an oil, gas or dual-fuel burner.
Die zur Verbrennung notwendige Luftmenge wird bei einem Öl-, Gas- oder Zweistoff-Gebläsebrenner durch ein Verbrennungsluftgebläse gefördert. Die Luftmenge wird der Brennstoffmenge entweder durch eine Drosselklappe zugeführt; dies kann auch durch eine veränderbare Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses erreicht werden. Die sicherheitstechnische Überwachung des drehzahlgesteuerten Verbrennungsluftgebläses dient dazu, bei Abweichungen vom festgelegten Brennstoff-Luft-Verhältnis vor dem Auftreten von unzulässig hohen Schadstoffemissionen die Feuerung sicher abzuschalten.The amount of air required for combustion in an oil, gas or dual-fuel forced draft burner is conveyed by a combustion air blower. The amount of air is supplied to the amount of fuel either through a throttle valve; this can also be achieved by changing the speed of the combustion air fan. The safety-related monitoring of the speed-controlled combustion air blower is used to safely switch off the combustion in the event of deviations from the specified fuel-air ratio before the occurrence of impermissibly high pollutant emissions.
Nach dem Stand der Technik wird bei Öl-, Gas- oder Zweistoff-Gebläsebrennern, im folgenden Brenner genannt, zur Anpassung der Brennerleistung an den Wärmebedarf der Anlage der Brennstoff und die Verbrennungsluft mechanisch gekoppelt verändert. Die für die Verbrennung des jeweils vorgegebenen Brennstoffes notwendige Luftmenge wird über eine Luftklappe auf das für ein bestimmtes Brennstoff-Luft-Verhältnis erforderliche Maß bei konstanter, von der Netzfrequenz bestimmter Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses gedrosselt. Alternativ zu diesem Vorgehen kann die benötigte Luftmenge auch durch eine Veränderung der Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses des Brenners erreicht werden.According to the prior art, in the case of oil, gas or dual-fuel forced draft burners, hereinafter referred to as burners, the fuel and the combustion air are changed in a mechanically coupled manner in order to adapt the burner output to the heat requirement of the system. The amount of air required for the combustion of the respective predetermined fuel is throttled via an air flap to the level required for a certain fuel-air ratio at a constant speed of the combustion air blower determined by the mains frequency. As an alternative to this procedure, the required amount of air can also be achieved by changing the speed of the combustion air fan of the burner.
Daraus ergeben sich die Vorteile einer Reduzierung der erforderlichen elektrischen Energie sowie einer Geräuschminderung. Im Falle der drehzahlabhängigen Luftmengensteuerung nimmt man eine Überwachung durch Messung der Massenströme der Verbrennungsluft und des Brennstoffes vor.This results in the advantages of reducing the electrical energy required and reducing noise. In the case of speed-dependent air volume control, monitoring is carried out by measuring the mass flows of the combustion air and the fuel.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei Öl-, Gas- oder Zweistoff-Brennern, deren Verbrennungsluftmenge durch Drehzahländerung des Verbrennungsluftgebläses bestimmt wird, das Verhältnis von Brennstoff- zu Luftmenge sicherheitstechnisch zuverlässig zu überwachen.The invention has for its object in oil, gas or dual-fuel burners, the amount of combustion air is determined by changing the speed of the combustion air fan, the ratio of fuel to air quantity reliably monitored.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Maßnahmen gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the measures according to claim 1.
Das Verändern der Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses und somit der geforderten Verbrennungsluftmenge mechanisch unabhängig von der vorgegebenen Brennstoffmenge verlangt eine Absicherung des Brennstoff-Luft-Verhältnisses für einen sicheren Brennerbetrieb. Im Gegensatz zur bekannten Überwachung durch Messung der Massenströme der Verbrennungsluft und des Brennstoffes wird das vorgegebene Brennstoff-Luft-Verhältnis erfindungsgemäß durch die selbsttätig fehlererkennend und somit in eigensicherer Funktion stattfindende Überwachung der Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses in Abhängkeit von der Stellung des Stellgliedes für die Brennstoffmenge vorgenommen. Abhängig vom Wärmebedarf der Feuerungsanlage wird von einem Leistungsregler ein Stellglied angesteuert, welches die Brennstoffmenge bestimmt. Über die Drehzahlsteuerung wird der vorgegebenen Brennstoffmenge die zur Verbrennung notwendige Luftmenge zugeordnet. In einer bevorzugten Ausführung wird die Drehzahl des Drehstrom-Asynchron-Motors des Verbrennungsluftgebläses über einen statischen Frequenzumrichter durch Variation der Frequenz und Spannung eingestellt.Changing the speed of the combustion air blower and thus the required amount of combustion air mechanically independent of the specified amount of fuel requires securing the fuel-air ratio for safe burner operation. In contrast to the known monitoring by measuring the mass flows of the combustion air and the fuel, the predefined fuel-air ratio is carried out according to the invention by the monitoring of the speed of the combustion air blower, which automatically detects errors and thus functions in an intrinsically safe manner, depending on the position of the actuator for the fuel quantity. Depending on the heat requirement of the combustion system, an actuator is controlled by a power controller, which determines the amount of fuel. The specified amount of fuel is controlled via the speed control assigned the amount of air required for combustion. In a preferred embodiment, the speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the combustion air blower is set by varying the frequency and voltage via a static frequency converter.
Da diese Ansteuerung als offene Steuerkette wirkt, kann nicht davon ausgegangen werden, daß in jedem Fall die richtige Drehzahl entsprechend der vorgegebenen Brennstoffmenge im Fehlerfall eingehalten wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Vorgehen zur sicherheitstechnischen Überwachung des drehzahlgesteuerten Verbrennungsluftgebläses gilt bei der Fehlerbetrachtung nach DIN 57116/VDE 0116/79 als fehlersicher.Since this control acts as an open control chain, it cannot be assumed that the correct speed in accordance with the specified amount of fuel will be maintained in the event of a fault. The procedure according to the invention for the safety-related monitoring of the speed-controlled combustion air blower is considered fail-safe when considering errors according to DIN 57116 / VDE 0116/79.
Bevorzugte Ausführungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, insbesondere in bezug auf die in der Zeichnung wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispiele, deren nachfolgende Beschreibung die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigt
- Figur 1 ein Blockschaltbild einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Figur 2 ein Blockschaltbild einer zweiten Ausführungsform, das gegenüber der ersten Ausführungsform zusätzlich eine O₂-Regelung aufweist;Figur 3 ein Blockschaltbild einer dritten Ausführungsform, das über das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel hinaus eine Abgasrückführung enthält.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment;
- Figure 2 is a block diagram of a second embodiment, which also has an O₂ control compared to the first embodiment;
- Figure 3 is a block diagram of a third embodiment, which contains an exhaust gas recirculation beyond the second embodiment.
In Figur 1 ist die Drehzahlsteuerung und die sicherheitstechnische Überwachung des drehzahlgesteuerten Verbrennungsluftgebläses eines Brenners dargestellt. Von der Leistungsregelung (1) des Wärmeerzeugers wird der Antrieb (2) der Stellglieder zur Brennstoffdosierung (3), (4) angesteuert. Die jeweilige Stellung dieses Antriebes (2) wird über einen Sensor (5) erfaßt und als Eingangssignal einem Funktionsgeber (6) zugeführt. Dieser gibt ein dem Brennstoff-Luftverhältnis angepaßtes Signal an den Frequenzumrichter (7) als drehzahlproportionalen Sollwert. Eine in Frequenz und Spannung variable Ausgangsspannung des Frequenzumrichters bewirkt die Einstellung einer vorgegebenen Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses des Brenners (8). Durch diese offene Steuerkette ist die Funktion des Brenners bestimmt.In Figure 1, the speed control and the safety monitoring of the speed-controlled combustion air fan of a burner is shown. The power control (1) of the heat generator controls the drive (2) of the actuators for fuel metering (3), (4). The respective position of this drive (2) is detected by a sensor (5) and fed to a function transmitter (6) as an input signal. This gives a signal adapted to the fuel-air ratio to the frequency converter (7) as a speed-proportional setpoint. An output voltage of the frequency converter which is variable in frequency and voltage causes the setting of a predetermined speed of the combustion air fan of the burner (8). The function of the burner is determined by this open timing chain.
Zur Absicherung der Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses und somit Einhaltung eines jeweils vorgegebenen Brennstoff-Luftverhältnisses wird direkt vom Motor ein Tachogenerator (9) zur Drehzahlerfassung angetrieben, welcher als aktiver Geber ein eigensicheres, drehzahlproportionales Signal abgibt. Dieses Signal wird als Drehzahl-Istwert den beiden Komparatoren (10) und (11) zugeführt. Ein zweiter unabhängiger Sensor (12), der ebenfalls vom Antrieb (2) betätigt wird, gibt sein Signal auf einen zweiten unabhängigen Funktionsgeber (13). Der im Funktionsgeber (13) gebildete Vergleichs-Sollwert, welcher dem Drehzahl-Sollwert entspricht, wird ebenfalls auf die beiden Komparatoren (10) und (11) aufgeschaltet.To safeguard the speed of the combustion air blower and thus maintain a given fuel-air ratio, a tachogenerator (9) is driven directly by the engine for speed detection, which emits an intrinsically safe, speed-proportional signal as an active encoder. This signal is fed as an actual speed value to the two comparators (10) and (11). A second independent sensor (12), which is also actuated by the drive (2), sends its signal to a second independent function generator (13). The comparison setpoint formed in the function generator (13), which corresponds to the speed setpoint, is also applied to the two comparators (10) and (11).
Beide Komparatoren, die als unabhängige Geräte arbeiten, führen einen Soll-Istwert-Vergleich durch. Tritt eine unzulässige Abweichung zwischen Soll- und Istwert auf, geben beide Komparatoren ein Signal an eine Auswertelogik (14), die nach Ablauf einer zulässigen Verzögerungszeit eine Abschaltung des Brenners (8) bewirkt. Somit sind die beiden unabhängigen Steuerketten zur Istwertbildung und Sollwertbildung zweikanalig überwacht. Zur Prüfung auf ordnungsgemäße Funktion der beiden Komparatoren (10) und (11) werden diesen in periodischen Zeitabständen Testsignale von der Komparator-Testschaltung (15) aufgeschaltet und deren funktionsrichtige Auswirkung überwacht. Der periodische Zeitablauf wird durch bauteilgeprüfte Zeitglieder bewirkt.Both comparators, which work as independent devices, carry out a target / actual value comparison. If there is an impermissible deviation between the setpoint and actual value, both comparators send a signal to evaluation logic (14), which causes the burner (8) to be switched off after an allowable delay time has elapsed. Thus, the two independent control chains for actual value formation and setpoint formation are monitored on two channels. To check that the two comparators (10) and (11) are functioning properly, test signals from the comparator test circuit (15) are applied to them at periodic intervals and their functionally correct effect is monitored. The periodic course of time is effected by component-tested timers.
Zum Start des Brenners ist es notwendig, im Brenner einen erhöhten Luftdruck zu erzeugen, der der entstehenden Druckwelle, die durch den Zündvorgang ausgelöst wird, entgegenwirkt. Über die Startablauf-Steuerung (16) und (17) wird sowohl dem Frequenzumrichter (7) der Drehzahl-Sollwert, als auch direkt den Komparatoren (10) und (11) der Vergleichs-Sollwert von 2 unabhängigen Gebern ein entsprechendes erhöhtes Signal den Komparatoren vorgegeben. Zur Einstellung der vorgegebenen Luftmenge zum Zünden wird über eine zusätzlich im Luftkanal angebrachte Luftklappe (18) die geforderte Luftmenge eingestellt, wobei hierdurch der erhöhte Druck der Verbrennungsluft erreicht wird. Diese Luftklappe (18) wird durch einen zwangsläufig angesteuerten zweiten Korrekturstellantrieb (19) über einen mechanischen Verbund (20) betätigt. Nach erfolgter Zündung übernimmt die Drehzahlsteuerung die Brennstoff- Luftzuordnung.To start the burner, it is necessary to generate an increased air pressure in the burner, which counteracts the pressure wave that is generated, which is triggered by the ignition process. Via the start sequence control (16) and (17), the frequency converter (7) receives the speed setpoint, and directly the comparators (10) and (11) the comparison setpoint from 2 independent encoders a correspondingly increased signal to the comparators given. To set the specified air volume for ignition, the required air volume is set via an air flap (18) additionally installed in the air duct, the increased pressure of the combustion air being thereby achieved. This air flap (18) is actuated by a second correction actuator (19), which is inevitably activated, via a mechanical connection (20). After ignition, the speed control takes over the fuel Air allocation.
Als Notbetrieb ist es möglich, das Verbrennungsluftgebläse direkt am elektrischen Netz (21) mit der Netzfrequenz zu betreiben. Hierbei wird der Frequenzumrichter (7) freigeschaltet und die Drehzahlsteuerung außer Betrieb gesetzt. Über den für den Startablauf eingesetzten Korrekturstellenantrieb (19) wird die Luftklappe (18) in eine Drosselstellung gebracht.As an emergency operation, it is possible to operate the combustion air blower directly on the electrical network (21) at the network frequency. The frequency converter (7) is activated and the speed control is deactivated. The air flap (18) is brought into a throttle position via the correction point drive (19) used for the starting sequence.
Über eine mechanische Verbundsteuereinrichtung (20) und (22) wird über den gesamten Leistungs-Stellbereich des Brenners ein vorgegebenes Brennstoff-Luftverhältnis erreicht.A predetermined fuel-air ratio is achieved over the entire power adjustment range of the burner via a mechanical compound control device (20) and (22).
Figur 2 zeigt das Blockschaltbild der Drehzalsteuerung und sicherheitstechnischen Überwachung mit zusätzlich wirkender Restsauerstoff-Regeleinrichtung. Über die Messung des Restsauerstoffwertes im Abgas des Wärmeerzeugers wird über eine nachgeschaltete Regeleinrichtung das Brennstoff-Luftverhältnis so beeinflußt, daß bei geringstem Luftüberschuß ein höchstmöglicher feuerungstechnischer Wirkungsgrad erreicht wird. Die zur Erfassung des Restsauerstoffwertes im Abgas eingesetze O₂-Sonde (23) gibt ihr Meßsignal aufbereitet über ein O₂-Meßgerät (24) auf einen Regler (25). Das für die Vergleichs-Sollwertvorgabe der Drehzahlregelung vom Sensor (12) gebildete Signal wird in gleicher Weise auf den Regler (25) und einen weiteren unabhängigen Funktionsgeber (26) aufgeschaltet. Der Funkionsgeber (26) bildet brennerleistungsabhängig einen O₂-Sollwert. Der Ausgang des Reglers (25) beeinflußt über die O₂-Korrektur (27) das vom Funktionsgeber (6) dem Frequenzumrichter (7) zugeführte Signal. Die Korrektur (27) beeinflußt des Drehzahl-Sollwertsignal nur in zulässigen vorgegebenen Grenzen. Diese Grenzen liegen innerhalb des zulässigen Bereiches der Drehzahlüberwachungseinrichtung, die durch die beiden Komparatoren (10) und (11) überwacht werden. Zusätzlich bewirkt ein Grenzwertschalter (28) bei einer definierten Abweichung des Restsauerstoffgehaltes vom Sollwert eine Abschaltung des Brenners.Figure 2 shows the block diagram of the speed control and safety monitoring with additional acting residual oxygen control device. By measuring the residual oxygen value in the exhaust gas from the heat generator, the fuel-air ratio is influenced via a downstream control device in such a way that the highest possible level of combustion efficiency is achieved with the least excess air. The O₂ probe (23) used to detect the residual oxygen value in the exhaust gas gives its measurement signal processed via an O₂ measuring device (24) to a controller (25). The signal formed by the sensor (12) for the comparison setpoint of the speed control is applied in the same way to the controller (25) and a further independent function generator (26). The function transmitter (26) forms an O₂ setpoint depending on the burner output. The output of the regulator (25) influences the O₂ correction (27), the signal from the function generator (6) to the frequency converter (7). The correction (27) influences the speed setpoint signal only within permissible predetermined limits. These limits are within the permissible range of the speed monitoring device, which are monitored by the two comparators (10) and (11). In addition, a limit switch (28) switches off the burner if the residual oxygen content deviates from the target value.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Erweiterung der Drehzahlsteuerung für den Betrieb einer Abgas-Rückführung. Die Abgasrückführung, bei der dosiert eine Abgasmenge der Flamme zugeführt wird, bewirkt eine Verminderung der bei der Verbrennung auftretenden Stickoxide. Parallel zum frequenz- und spannungsveränderbaren Ausgang des Frequenzumrichters (7), an dem das Verbrennungsluftgebläse betrieben wird, arbeitet ein separates Gebläse (29) zur Abgasrückführung.Figure 3 shows an expansion of the speed control for the operation of an exhaust gas recirculation. The exhaust gas recirculation, in which a quantity of exhaust gas is metered into the flame, reduces the nitrogen oxides that occur during combustion. A separate fan (29) for exhaust gas recirculation works parallel to the frequency and voltage variable output of the frequency converter (7) on which the combustion air fan is operated.
Bei einer Veränderung der Brennerleistung und somit der Verbrennungsluftmenge durch Drehzahländerung wird auch die Drehzahl des Abgasrückführgebläses (29) parallel mitgeführt. Das bedeutet, daß die Drehzahl des Abgasrückführgebläses (29) bereits durch die Überwachung des Verbrennungsluftgebläses des Brenners (8) überwacht wird. Zusätzlich kann abhängig von der Brennerleistung die rückgeführte Abgasmenge durch eine Drosseleinrichtung (30) verringert werden.If the burner output and thus the amount of combustion air changes due to a change in speed, the speed of the exhaust gas recirculation fan (29) is also carried in parallel. This means that the speed of the exhaust gas recirculation fan (29) is already monitored by monitoring the combustion air fan of the burner (8). In addition, depending on the burner output, the amount of exhaust gas recirculated can be reduced by a throttle device (30).
Claims (11)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Drehzahl-Ist-Wert mit einem unabhängig gebildeten zweiten Sollwert in zwei unabhängig voneinander arbeitenden Komparatoren verglichen wird.2. The method according to claim 1,
characterized by
that the actual speed value is compared with an independently formed second setpoint in two independently working comparators.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Drehzahl-Ist-Wert über einen Tachogenerator als eigensicheren Geber erfaßt wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized by
that the actual speed value is recorded as an intrinsically safe encoder via a tachometer generator.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Führungsgröße von zwei unabhängigen Sensoren gebildet wird und getrennt von zwei nachgeschalteten unabhängigen Funktionsgebern in drehzahlproportionale Sollwerte umgewandelt wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized by
that the reference variable is formed by two independent sensors and is converted separately from two downstream independent function encoders into speed-proportional setpoints.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die beiden Komparatoren einer periodischen selbsttätigen Prüfung zur Fehlererkennung unterzogen werden.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized by
that the two comparators are subjected to a periodic automatic check for error detection.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß bei einer unzulässigen Abweichung eines jeweils vorzugebenden Brennstoff-Luft-Verhältnisses nach Ablauf einer zulässigen Zeit eine sichere Abschaltung der Feuerung vorgenommen wird.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized by
that in the event of an impermissible deviation of a fuel / air ratio to be specified in each case, the furnace is switched off safely after a permissible time.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß über eine zusätzlich im Luftkanal eingebaute Luftdrosseleinrichtung während des Anfahrvorganges des Brenners bei zwangsläufig erhöhter Drehzahl zur Verbesserung der Starteigenschaft ein entsprechender Überdruck aufgebaut wird, welche Luftdrosseleinrichtung über ein Korrekturstellglied betätigt wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized by
that a corresponding overpressure is built up via an additional air throttle device installed in the air duct during the start-up process of the burner at inevitably increased speed to improve the starting property, which air throttle device is actuated via a correction actuator.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß über die Luftdrosseleinrichtung zum Brennerstart ein Notbetrieb mit Netzfrequenz ermöglicht wird, bei dem das Brennstoff-Luft-Verhältnis durch eine mechanische Zuordnung vorgenommen wird.8. The method according to claim 7,
characterized by
that emergency operation with mains frequency is made possible via the air throttle device when the burner is started, in which the fuel-air ratio is made by a mechanical assignment.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß über eine Restsauerstoff-Messung (O₂-Messung) im Abgas des Wärmeerzeugers und eine nachgeschaltete Regelung der vom Funktionsgeber erzeugte Drehzahl-Sollwert in der Weise korrigiert wird, daß eine optimale Verbrennung bei geringstem Luftüberschuß eingehalten wird.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized by
that a residual oxygen measurement (O₂ measurement) in the exhaust gas of the heat generator and a downstream control of the speed setpoint generated by the function generator is corrected in such a way that optimal combustion with the least excess air is maintained.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Stellgröße der O₂-Regeleinrichtung eine Korrektur des Drehzahl-Sollwertes nur in den von den Komparatoren bestimmten Grenzen ermöglicht, wobei der O₂-Sollwert abhängig von der jeweiligen Brennerleistung über einen Sollwertbildner vorgegeben wird.10. The method according to claim 9,
characterized by
that the manipulated variable of the O₂ control device allows a correction of the speed setpoint only within the limits determined by the comparators, the O₂ setpoint being predetermined as a function of the burner output via a setpoint generator.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß über die sicherheitstechnische Überwachung des drehzahlgesteuerten Verbrennungsluftgebläses ein parallel an diesem Netz betriebenes Abgasrückführgebläse hinsichtlich seiner vorgegebenen Fördermenge gleichzeitig überwacht wird.11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized by
that an exhaust gas recirculation fan operated in parallel on this network is simultaneously monitored with regard to its predetermined delivery rate via the safety-related monitoring of the speed-controlled combustion air blower.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3900151A DE3900151C2 (en) | 1989-01-04 | 1989-01-04 | Safety monitoring of a speed-controlled combustion air blower |
| DE3900151 | 1989-01-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0377441A1 true EP0377441A1 (en) | 1990-07-11 |
| EP0377441B1 EP0377441B1 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
Family
ID=6371590
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90100035A Expired - Lifetime EP0377441B1 (en) | 1989-01-04 | 1990-01-02 | Safety-operational surveillance of a speed-rate controlled blower for furnace air |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0377441B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE130110T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3900151C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0377441T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1320306C (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2007-06-06 | 李延新 | Combustion control method of a burner and automatic control of the burner |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT398644B (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1995-01-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | DIGITAL CONTROL CIRCUIT |
| DE10110810A1 (en) | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-12 | Siemens Building Tech Ag | Arrangement of a burner control for a gas or oil burner |
| DE202010006270U1 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-30 | Ünacan, Metin | Double hook clamp for securing standard ground joints |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4162889A (en) * | 1976-12-14 | 1979-07-31 | Measurex Corporation | Method and apparatus for control of efficiency of combustion in a furnace |
| GB1587915A (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1981-04-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Operation of internal combustion engines driving vehicles |
| GB2140587A (en) * | 1983-05-23 | 1984-11-28 | Kelsall Spurr John Kenneth Fra | Improvements in and relating to combustion processes |
| GB2169726A (en) * | 1984-11-20 | 1986-07-16 | Autoflame Eng Ltd | Fuel burner controller |
| DE3712392C1 (en) * | 1987-04-11 | 1988-10-13 | Programmelectronic Eng Ag | Method and arrangement for increasing the operating reliability of furnace burner systems |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3037935A1 (en) * | 1980-10-08 | 1982-05-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | GAS OR OIL HEATED, IN PARTICULAR WATER HEATER WORKING ON THE CONTINUOUS PRINCIPLE |
| CH655565B (en) * | 1982-02-02 | 1986-04-30 |
-
1989
- 1989-01-04 DE DE3900151A patent/DE3900151C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-01-02 DE DE59009843T patent/DE59009843D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-02 AT AT90100035T patent/ATE130110T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-01-02 EP EP90100035A patent/EP0377441B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-02 DK DK90100035.6T patent/DK0377441T3/en active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1587915A (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1981-04-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Operation of internal combustion engines driving vehicles |
| US4162889A (en) * | 1976-12-14 | 1979-07-31 | Measurex Corporation | Method and apparatus for control of efficiency of combustion in a furnace |
| GB2140587A (en) * | 1983-05-23 | 1984-11-28 | Kelsall Spurr John Kenneth Fra | Improvements in and relating to combustion processes |
| GB2169726A (en) * | 1984-11-20 | 1986-07-16 | Autoflame Eng Ltd | Fuel burner controller |
| DE3712392C1 (en) * | 1987-04-11 | 1988-10-13 | Programmelectronic Eng Ag | Method and arrangement for increasing the operating reliability of furnace burner systems |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1320306C (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2007-06-06 | 李延新 | Combustion control method of a burner and automatic control of the burner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59009843D1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
| ATE130110T1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
| DE3900151A1 (en) | 1990-07-05 |
| EP0377441B1 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
| DE3900151C2 (en) | 1995-05-24 |
| DK0377441T3 (en) | 1995-12-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE2635308C2 (en) | Control device for the air-fuel ratio of the mixture fed to an internal combustion engine | |
| DE3301743C2 (en) | ||
| EP0468007B1 (en) | System for controlling and/or regulating an internal combustion engine | |
| EP0109478B1 (en) | Device for controlling vehicle speed | |
| DE2330258A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR EXHAUST GAS DETOXIFICATION FROM COMBUSTION MACHINERY | |
| EP0860597B1 (en) | Method to detect correctly connected lambda sensors | |
| EP3919817A1 (en) | Method and device for detecting faults in the ignition of a burner with a fan for supplying air and a fuel valve | |
| DE3200856A1 (en) | CONTROL DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE | |
| DE3900151C2 (en) | Safety monitoring of a speed-controlled combustion air blower | |
| DE4410735B4 (en) | Furnace with an automatic burner | |
| DE4333896B4 (en) | Method and device for controlling an internal combustion engine | |
| DE19719278A1 (en) | Diagnosis method for IC engine exhaust feedback system | |
| DE102006007698A1 (en) | Method for operating an internal combustion engine comprises adjusting operating points with low and high loads in an alternating manner for a single monitoring process | |
| EP0615095B1 (en) | Burner controller | |
| DE3833333A1 (en) | CONTROL DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE THROTTLE DEVICE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE | |
| DE19537381B4 (en) | Method and device for controlling an internal combustion engine | |
| DE3335635C2 (en) | ||
| EP0257264B1 (en) | Apparatus with an injection pump | |
| EP0614051B1 (en) | Burner automat | |
| EP0614048A1 (en) | Device with automatic burner | |
| DE3829797A1 (en) | ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROL WITH FUNCTIONAL TEST FOR THE IGNITION STAGE | |
| DE3335633A1 (en) | ARRANGEMENT FOR DIAGNOSIS OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE | |
| EP0655583B1 (en) | Method for controlling and monitoring combustion | |
| EP0615180B1 (en) | Electrical monitoring device | |
| WO2020221540A1 (en) | Reduction of nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas flow of a firing system with an scr catalyst |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK FR GB IT LI NL |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19910111 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19930719 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK FR GB IT LI NL |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 130110 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19951115 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59009843 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19951214 |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: PATENTANWALTSBUERO EDER AG |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19960217 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19961220 Year of fee payment: 8 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19961220 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19961230 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19961231 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 19970117 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19970120 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19970131 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19970327 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980102 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980102 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980131 Ref country code: FR Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19980131 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980131 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980131 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980202 |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: MAX WEISHAUPT G.M.B.H. Effective date: 19980131 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980801 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19980102 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 19980801 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19981001 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050102 |