EP0372225B1 - Boring ram - Google Patents
Boring ram Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0372225B1 EP0372225B1 EP89120336A EP89120336A EP0372225B1 EP 0372225 B1 EP0372225 B1 EP 0372225B1 EP 89120336 A EP89120336 A EP 89120336A EP 89120336 A EP89120336 A EP 89120336A EP 0372225 B1 EP0372225 B1 EP 0372225B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- tip
- striking
- chisel
- boring machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
- E21B4/145—Fluid operated hammers of the self propelled-type, e.g. with a reverse mode to retract the device from the hole
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D17/08—Means for retaining and guiding the tool bit, e.g. chucks allowing axial oscillation of the tool bit
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/046—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like with ribs, pins, or jaws, and complementary grooves or the like, e.g. bayonet catches
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ram boring machine with an impact piston which can be moved back and forth in a tubular housing and an impact tip connected to the housing by means of a bayonet catch.
- a ram boring machine of this type is described in Austrian patent specification 350 002.
- the impact tip described here is a hollow cylindrical, front-pointed attachment, which should be interchangeably connectable to a pressure medium-operated impact body by means of a bayonet connection.
- the bayonet connection is intended to ensure that the attachment remains connected to the impact body when the impact body is pulled backwards out of the bore.
- the impact energy of the impact body is transmitted to the attachment via a conical outer surface at the front end of the impact body and a conical inner surface at the end of the attachment.
- Another ram boring machine is known from German Patent 21 57 259; It primarily serves to supply lines such as water pipes or cables under roads or dams or other buildings and to lay obstacles without having to tear open the road surface or the surface of the earth at the same time. This is done in such a way that the ram boring machine which moves forward in the soil displaces the soil to the side and leaves a channel in which the supply line is drawn in simultaneously or later.
- This known ram boring machine has a two-part housing, ie a housing tip screwed into the housing receiving the percussion piston.
- the housing tip encloses an axially movable chisel formed at its front end in the working or impact direction as an impact tip and at the other end having a collar and a pin, the collar being received by a bore in the housing tip.
- the thus movable chisel offers the advantage that the impact energy of the percussion piston can initially be transferred specifically to the chisel, so that a higher shattering energy is available.
- the pin represents the impact surface for the associated percussion piston and, in the starting position, protrudes from a ring screwed into the housing with the housing tip before the working stroke.
- the ring limits the movement of the collar and thus the chisel against the working direction of the striking tip.
- the movement of the chisel in the working direction is limited by a front stop, formed by a bore shoulder, of the bore of the housing tip receiving the collar.
- the chisel is supported on the collar and compression springs at the top of the housing; the springs move the chisel out of its working direction after each stroke in the front tip position back to its starting position.
- ram boring machines are also known in which the housing and the housing tip are in one piece; otherwise there are no significant differences between a two-part and a one-piece device housing. All ram boring machines have in common that the stone or other obstacles that break up stones or other obstacles during the forward movement of the ram boring machine and push them to the side, i.e. the path for the chisel, which knocked free, wears out considerably due to the smashing work to be carried out and must therefore be frequently replaced.
- the invention has for its object to improve the operation of a ram boring machine of the type mentioned and to simplify the installation and removal or replacement of the striking tip and / or the chisel.
- a pin of the percussion tip which can also be designed as a chisel, is provided with at least one radial shoulder piece which engages behind an inner collar of the housing which has at least one axial passage adapted to the shoulder piece on the side facing away from the percussion tip, in a housing chamber having a front and a rear stop which delimits a stroke of the impact tip is arranged, the front stop for the impact tip being integrally formed with a forward stroke acted upon by the impact piston of the impact piston limiting stop surface is formed.
- the invention thus makes use of the knowledge that the principle of a bayonet or bayonet connection can advantageously be used to fix a striking tip and / or a chisel in the housing of a ram boring machine.
- the entire front housing can also be connected to the main housing in this way and secured in its installation position with a fuse.
- the chisel or chisel head can thus be simply plugged together axially, i.e. Insert into the device housing and then turn to connect to the housing.
- the stroke of an axially movable chisel can be limited in this way by the end walls serving as stops of the housing chamber, which may be designed as a pressure chamber. Due to the one-piece, i.e. Both the stop surface for the percussion piston and for the chisel or its collar is located on the same device part, the operation of the ram boring machine can be further improved, especially when used in soft soils.
- the chisel can be locked non-rotatably in its installed position by means of an anti-rotation device, for example a pin inserted transversely through the housing; in addition, the locking pin counteracts independent loosening during operation.
- an anti-rotation device for example a pin inserted transversely through the housing; in addition, the locking pin counteracts independent loosening during operation.
- the housing chamber can advantageously be arranged between two inner collars, of which at least the front inner collar in the direction of impact has two diametrically opposite, is provided with the axial passages corresponding to the chisel collar.
- a compression spring can be arranged between a support ring arranged on the chisel in a manner fixed against relative rotation, which engages behind the rear inner collar on the side facing away from the chisel with at least one shoulder segment, and a counter ring of the chisel pin. After a working stroke of the percussion piston, this always returns the chisel to its starting position, in which the chisel collar lies against the rear stop and the pin protrudes from the rear inner collar and is therefore always acted upon by the percussion piston.
- the counter ring advantageously consists of two half shells and is arranged in a circumferential groove of the chisel pin.
- the insertion and fastening of the counter ring in the circumferential groove allows the compression spring and the support ring to be positioned securely before the chisel is inserted into the housing to arrange the chisel pin so that a complete chisel assembly is present.
- the chisel is advantageously arranged in a housing tip detachably connected to the main housing, the one-piece construction can be realized in a simple manner in the case of a component to be connected to the device housing in the manner of a bayonet lock.
- a two-part housing of the ram boring machine which consists of the main housing receiving the percussion piston and the housing tip provided with the chisel.
- This housing tip or this front housing can, for example, be screwed into the inside of the main housing or screwed in from the outside or fixed therein in a non-positive or positive manner.
- Both the stops for the chisel collar and the stop for the percussion piston, namely the end face of the housing tip are located on the same component or are provided by this component, the housing tip.
- the chisel can advantageously protrude from the housing tip with its pin end facing the main housing and the protrusion length is not greater than the maximum stroke length of the chisel between the stops.
- the protruding length of the chisel pin is thus less than or equal to the maximum stroke of the chisel, the operation of the ram boring machine can be improved in soft soils.
- the main housing 2 is provided at its front end in the direction of impact 4 with an internal thread 5, into which a housing tip 6 is screwed with a peg-like thread extension 7.
- a chisel 10 formed at its front end as a striking tip 9 is guided with a pin 11 which extends through the entire housing tip 6 and projects into the working space 13 of the striking piston 3 with its pin end 12 facing the main housing 2 .
- the projection length 14 of the pin 11 is smaller than the maximum stroke 15 of the chisel 10 in the direction of impact 4; the stroke path 15 results from the path that a chisel collar 16 could theoretically cover between a front and a rear stop 18, 19 in a housing chamber 17 that is enlarged compared to the diameter of the axial bore 8.
- the protruding length 14 is smaller than the stroke 15, the percussion piston fully hits the end face 20 of the housing tip 6 after a stroke of the chisel 10 corresponding to the protruding length 14.
- the housing chamber 17 is delimited by inner collars 21, 22 which are fixed to the housing and which simultaneously define the stops 18, 19 with their inner surfaces.
- the through bores 23 of the inner collars 21, 22 are smaller in diameter than the chisel collar 16 consisting of two diametrically opposed shoulder pieces 24 and a support ring 26 which is pushed onto the pin 11 of the chisel 10 and also has two diametrically opposed shoulder segments 25 (cf. FIG. 4) , which sits on the chisel in a rotationally fixed manner and rests with its shoulder pieces 25 against the rear face of the rear inner collar 22 in the direction of impact 4.
- At least one nose 35 arranged on the shoulder piece 24 serves as a rotation lock.
- a compression spring 29 surrounding the pin 11 is arranged between the support ring 26 and a two-part counter ring 28 inserted into a circumferential groove 27 of the pin 11.
- the percussion piston 3 moving in the striking direction 4 strikes the end face 20 of the pin 11 and moves the pin 11 and thus the chisel 10 forward against the force of the compression spring 29 until it hits the stop face 36 which limits its forward stroke, i.e. hits the end face of the striking tip 7; after the working stroke, the compression spring 29 returns the chisel 10 to its initial position shown in FIG. 1.
- Seals 30, 31 inserted into grooves in the pin 11 seal the chisel 10 to the front from the ground and from the rear to the working space 13 of the percussion piston 3 and prevent the ingress of dirt and ground.
- the chisel 10 with the rings 26, 28 arranged on the pin 11 and the compression spring 29 supported against these rings and the seals 30, 31 is used as a prepared
- the complete unit is pushed into the housing tip 6 and locked in a secure position.
- the shoulder pieces 24, 25 are brought into a position aligned with the axial passages 32, so that the chisel 10 can be inserted axially unimpeded. After the chisel 10 has reached its installation position shown in FIG.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rammbohrgerät mit in einem rohrförmigen Gehäuse hin- und herbeweglichem Schlagkolben und einer mittels eines Bajonettverschlusses mit dem Gehäuse verbundenen Schlagspitze.The invention relates to a ram boring machine with an impact piston which can be moved back and forth in a tubular housing and an impact tip connected to the housing by means of a bayonet catch.
Ein Rammbohrgerät dieser Art ist in der österreichischen Patentschrift 350 002 beschrieben. Bei der hier beschriebenen Schlagspitze handelt es sich um einen hohlzylindrischen, vorne spitzen Aufsatz, der sich auswechselbar mittels einer Renkverbindung mit einem druckmittelbetriebenen Schlagkörper verbinden lassen soll. Die Renkverbindung soll sicherstellen, daß der Aufsatz mit dem Schlagkörper verbunden bleibt, wenn der Schlagkörper rückwärts aus der Bohrung herausgezogen wird. Die Schlagenergie des Schlagkörpers wird auf den Aufsatz über eine kegelige Außenfläche am Vorderende des Schlagkörpers und eine kegelige Innenfläche am Ende des Aufsatzes übertragen.A ram boring machine of this type is described in Austrian patent specification 350 002. The impact tip described here is a hollow cylindrical, front-pointed attachment, which should be interchangeably connectable to a pressure medium-operated impact body by means of a bayonet connection. The bayonet connection is intended to ensure that the attachment remains connected to the impact body when the impact body is pulled backwards out of the bore. The impact energy of the impact body is transmitted to the attachment via a conical outer surface at the front end of the impact body and a conical inner surface at the end of the attachment.
Ein anderes Rammbohrgerät ist aus der deutschen Patentschrift 21 57 259 bekannt; es dient in erster Linie dazu, Versorgungsleitungen, wie beispielsweise Wasserleitungen oder Kabel unter Straßen oder Dämmen oder sonstigen Gebäuden und Hindernissen zu verlegen, ohne daß gleichzeitig die Straßendecke bzw. die Erd-Oberfläche aufgerissen werden muß. Dies geschieht in der Weise, daß das sich im Erdreich vorwärts bewegende Rammbohrgerät das Erdreich nach der Seite verdrängt und einen Kanal hinterläßt, in dem gleichzeitig oder später die Versorgungsleitung eingezogen wird.Another ram boring machine is known from
Dieses bekannte Rammbohrgerät besitzt ein zweiteiliges Gehäuse, d.h. eine in das den Schlagkolben aufnehmende Gehäuse eingeschraubte Gehäusespitze. Die Gehäusespitze umschließt dort einen an seinem in Arbeits- bzw. Schlagrichtung vorderen Ende als Schlagspitze ausgebildeten und am anderen Ende einen Bund und einen Zapfen aufweisenden, axial beweglichen Meißel, wobei der Bund von einer Bohrung der Gehäusespitze aufgenommen wird. Der somit bewegliche Meißel bietet den Vorteil, daß die Schlagenergie des Schlagkolbens zunächst gezielt auf den Meißel übertragen werden kann, so daß eine höhere Zertrümmerungsenergie zur Verfügung steht. Der Zapfen stellt die Aufschlagfläche für den zugehörigen Schlagkolben dar und ragt in der Ausgangsstellung vor dem Arbeitshub aus einem mit der Gehäusespitze in das Gehäuse eingeschraubten Ring hervor. Der Ring begrenzt die Bewegung des Bundes und damit des Meißels entgegen der Arbeitsrichtung der Schlagspitze. Die Bewegung des Meißels in Arbeitsrichtung wird durch einen vorderen, von einem Bohrungsabsatz gebildeten Anschlag der den Bund aufnehmenden Bohrung der Gehäusespitze begrenzt. Der Meißel stützt sich über den Bund und Druckfedern an der Gehäusespitze ab; die Federn bewegen den Meißel nach jedem Schlag aus seiner in Arbeitsrichtung in der Gehäusespitze vorderen Stellung in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück.This known ram boring machine has a two-part housing, ie a housing tip screwed into the housing receiving the percussion piston. The housing tip encloses an axially movable chisel formed at its front end in the working or impact direction as an impact tip and at the other end having a collar and a pin, the collar being received by a bore in the housing tip. The thus movable chisel offers the advantage that the impact energy of the percussion piston can initially be transferred specifically to the chisel, so that a higher shattering energy is available. The pin represents the impact surface for the associated percussion piston and, in the starting position, protrudes from a ring screwed into the housing with the housing tip before the working stroke. The ring limits the movement of the collar and thus the chisel against the working direction of the striking tip. The movement of the chisel in the working direction is limited by a front stop, formed by a bore shoulder, of the bore of the housing tip receiving the collar. The chisel is supported on the collar and compression springs at the top of the housing; the springs move the chisel out of its working direction after each stroke in the front tip position back to its starting position.
Neben dem beschriebenen Rammbohrgerät mit dem zweiteiligen Gehäuse sind auch Rammbohrgeräte bekannt, bei denen das Gehäuse und die Gehäusespitze einstückig sind; ansonsten bestehen keine maßgeblichen Unterschiede zwischen einem zweiteiligen und einem einstückigen Gerätegehäuse. Sämtlichen Rammbohrgeräten ist gemeinsam, daß der während der Vorwärtsbewegung des Rammbohrgerätes Steine oder andere Hindernisse zertrümmernde und zur Seite drückende, d.h. den Weg für das nachrückende Gehäuse freischlagende Meißel aufgrund der zu leistenden Zertrümmerungsarbeit erheblich verschleißt und somit häufig ausgetauscht werden muß.In addition to the described ram boring machine with the two-part housing, ram boring machines are also known in which the housing and the housing tip are in one piece; otherwise there are no significant differences between a two-part and a one-piece device housing. All ram boring machines have in common that the stone or other obstacles that break up stones or other obstacles during the forward movement of the ram boring machine and push them to the side, i.e. the path for the chisel, which knocked free, wears out considerably due to the smashing work to be carried out and must therefore be frequently replaced.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Rammbohrgerät der eingangs genannten Art die Betriebsweise zu verbessern sowie den Ein- und Ausbau bzw. Austausch der Schlagspitze und/oder des Meißels zu vereinfachen.The invention has for its object to improve the operation of a ram boring machine of the type mentioned and to simplify the installation and removal or replacement of the striking tip and / or the chisel.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein Zapfen der Schlagspitze, die auch als Meißel ausgebildet sein kann, mit mindestens einem radialen Schulterstück versehen ist, das einen zumindest einen dem Schulterstück angepaßten Axialdurchgang aufweisenden Innenkragen des Gehäuses an der der Schlagspitze abgewandten Seite hintergreift, in einer einen vorderen und einen hinteren, einen Hubweg der Schlagspitze begrenzten Anschlag aufweisenden Gehäusekammer angeordnet ist, wobei der vordere Anschlag für die Schlagspitze einstückig mit einer vom Schlagkolben beaufschlagten, den Vorwärtshub des Schlagkolbens begrenzenden Anschlagfläche ausgebildet ist. Die Erfindung macht sich somit die Erkenntnis zunutze, daß sich das Prinzip einer Renk- oder Bajonettverbindung in vorteilhafter Weise zum Festlegen einer Schlagspitze und/oder eines Meißels im Gehäuse eines Rammbohrgerätes verwenden läßt.This object is achieved in that a pin of the percussion tip, which can also be designed as a chisel, is provided with at least one radial shoulder piece which engages behind an inner collar of the housing which has at least one axial passage adapted to the shoulder piece on the side facing away from the percussion tip, in a housing chamber having a front and a rear stop which delimits a stroke of the impact tip is arranged, the front stop for the impact tip being integrally formed with a forward stroke acted upon by the impact piston of the impact piston limiting stop surface is formed. The invention thus makes use of the knowledge that the principle of a bayonet or bayonet connection can advantageously be used to fix a striking tip and / or a chisel in the housing of a ram boring machine.
Bei einem zweiteiligen Gerätegehäuse läßt sich auf diese Weise auch das gesamte Vordergehäuse mit dem Hauptgehäuse verbinden und mit einer Sicherung in seiner Einbaulage festlegen. Der Meißel bzw. Meißelkopf läßt sich so durch einfaches axiales Zusammenstecken, d.h. Einfügen in das Gerätegehäuse und anschließendes Verdrehen mit dem Gehäuse verbinden. Außerdem läßt sich auf diese Weise der Hub eines axial beweglichen Meißels durch die als Anschläge dienenden Stirnwände der gegebenenfalls als Druckraum ausgebildeten Gehäusekammer begrenzen. Aufgrund der Einstückigkeit, d.h. sowohl die Anschlagfläche für den Schlagkolben als auch für den Meißel bzw. dessen Bund befindet sich an demselben Geräteteil, läßt sich die Betriebsweise des Rammbohrgerätes, insbesondere beim Einsatz in weichen Böden, weiter verbessern.In the case of a two-part device housing, the entire front housing can also be connected to the main housing in this way and secured in its installation position with a fuse. The chisel or chisel head can thus be simply plugged together axially, i.e. Insert into the device housing and then turn to connect to the housing. In addition, the stroke of an axially movable chisel can be limited in this way by the end walls serving as stops of the housing chamber, which may be designed as a pressure chamber. Due to the one-piece, i.e. Both the stop surface for the percussion piston and for the chisel or its collar is located on the same device part, the operation of the ram boring machine can be further improved, especially when used in soft soils.
Mittels einer Verdrehsicherung, beispielsweise eines quer durch das Gehäuse gesteckten Stiftes, läßt sich der Meißel in seiner Einbaulage unverdrehbar arretieren; außerdem wirkt der Sicherungsstift einem selbständigen Lockern während des Betriebes entgegen.The chisel can be locked non-rotatably in its installed position by means of an anti-rotation device, for example a pin inserted transversely through the housing; in addition, the locking pin counteracts independent loosening during operation.
Die Gehäusekammer kann vorteilhaft zwischen zwei Innenkragen angeordnet sein, von denen zumindest der in Schlagrichtung vordere Innenkragen mit zwei diametral gegenüberliegenden, mit dem Meißelbund korrespondierenden Axialdurchgängen versehen ist. Auf diese Weise läßt sich insbesondere beim Einsatz des Rammbohrgerätes in weichen Böden, in denen der Meißel einen weit geringeren Widerstand als bei harten Böden findet, erreichen, daß entweder der Meißelbund auf den vorderen gehäusefesten Innenkragen oder der Schlagkolben auf den hinteren gehäusefesten Innenkragen trifft und die Schlagkolbenenergie stets über den großflächigen, gehäusefesten Innenkragen weitergeleitet wird. Der hintere Innenkragen wird dann beaufschlagt, nachdem der aus dem Innenkragen in Richtung auf den Schlagkolben vorkragende Zapfen des Meißels bis in eine mit der Außenfläche des Innenkragens zumindest bündige Lage verschoben worden ist.The housing chamber can advantageously be arranged between two inner collars, of which at least the front inner collar in the direction of impact has two diametrically opposite, is provided with the axial passages corresponding to the chisel collar. In this way it can be achieved, in particular when using the ram boring machine in soft soils, in which the chisel has a much lower resistance than in hard soils, that either the chisel collar meets the front inner collar fixed to the housing or the percussion piston hits the rear inner collar fixed to the housing and that Percussion piston energy is always passed on over the large, housing-fixed inner collar. The rear inner collar is then acted upon after the pin of the chisel projecting from the inner collar in the direction of the percussion piston has been displaced into a position which is at least flush with the outer surface of the inner collar.
Zwischen einem drehfest auf dem Meißel angeordneten Stützring, der mit zumindest einem Schultersegment den hinteren Innenkragen an der dem Meißel abgewandten Seite hintergreift, und einem Gegenring des Meißelzapfens kann eine Druckfeder angeordnet sein. Diese stellt den Meißel nach einem Arbeitshub des Schlagkolbens stets in seine Ausgangslage zurück, in der der Meißelbund dem hinteren Anschlag anliegt und der Zapfen aus dem hinteren Innenkragen vorragt und somit stets von dem Schlagkolben beaufschlagt wird.A compression spring can be arranged between a support ring arranged on the chisel in a manner fixed against relative rotation, which engages behind the rear inner collar on the side facing away from the chisel with at least one shoulder segment, and a counter ring of the chisel pin. After a working stroke of the percussion piston, this always returns the chisel to its starting position, in which the chisel collar lies against the rear stop and the pin protrudes from the rear inner collar and is therefore always acted upon by the percussion piston.
Der Gegenring besteht vorteilhaft aus zwei Halbschalen und ist in einer Umfangsnut des Meißelzapfens angeordnet. Das Einsetzen und Befestigen des Gegenringes in der Umfangsnut erlaubt es, die Druckfeder und den Stützring vor dem Einfügen des Meißels in das Gehäuse lagesicher auf dem Meißelzapfen anzuordnen, so daß eine komplette Meißel-Baueinheit vorliegt.The counter ring advantageously consists of two half shells and is arranged in a circumferential groove of the chisel pin. The insertion and fastening of the counter ring in the circumferential groove allows the compression spring and the support ring to be positioned securely before the chisel is inserted into the housing to arrange the chisel pin so that a complete chisel assembly is present.
Wenn der Meißel vorteilhaft in einer mit dem Hauptgehäuse lösbar verbundenen Gehäusespitze angeordnet wird, läßt sich die Einstückigkeit in einfacher Weise bei einem nach Art eines Bajonettverschlusses mit dem Gerätegehäuse zu verbindenden Bauteil verwirklichen. In diesem Fall ergibt sich ein zweiteiliges Gehäuse des Rammbohrgerätes, das nämlich aus dem den Schlagkolben aufnehmenden Hauptgehäuse und der mit dem Meißel versehenen Gehäusespitze besteht. Diese Gehäusespitze bzw. dieses Vordergehäuse läßt sich beispielsweise in das Hauptgehäuse innen ein- oder von außen aufschrauben oder darin kraft- oder formschlüssig festlegen. Sowohl die Anschläge für den Meißelbund als auch der Anschlag für den Schlagkolben, nämlich die Stirnfläche der Gehäusespitze, befinden sich an demselben Bauteil bzw. werden von diesem Bauteil, der Gehäusespitze, zur Verfügung gestellt.If the chisel is advantageously arranged in a housing tip detachably connected to the main housing, the one-piece construction can be realized in a simple manner in the case of a component to be connected to the device housing in the manner of a bayonet lock. In this case, there is a two-part housing of the ram boring machine, which consists of the main housing receiving the percussion piston and the housing tip provided with the chisel. This housing tip or this front housing can, for example, be screwed into the inside of the main housing or screwed in from the outside or fixed therein in a non-positive or positive manner. Both the stops for the chisel collar and the stop for the percussion piston, namely the end face of the housing tip, are located on the same component or are provided by this component, the housing tip.
Bei einem zweiteiligen Gerätegehäuse kann der Meißel vorteilhaft mit seinem dem Hauptgehäuse zugewandten Zapfenende aus der Gehäusespitze vorragen und ist die Vorkraglänge nicht größer als der maximale Hubweg des Meißels zwischen den Anschlägen. Mit einer solchen Bauweise, bei der die Vorkraglänge des Meißelzapfens somit kleiner oder gleich dem maximalen Hub des Meißels ist, läßt sich die Betriebsweise des Rammbohrgerätes in weichen Böden verbessern. Nachdem der Meißel nämlich um ein der Vorkraglänge des Zapfens entsprechendes Maß vorwärtsbewegt wurde, trifft der Schlagkolben dann voll auf die Stirnfläche der Gehäusespitze, so daß die Schlagenergie großflächig aufgenommen und weitestgehend verlustfrei auf das Gehäuse übertragen wird.In the case of a two-part device housing, the chisel can advantageously protrude from the housing tip with its pin end facing the main housing and the protrusion length is not greater than the maximum stroke length of the chisel between the stops. With such a construction, in which the protruding length of the chisel pin is thus less than or equal to the maximum stroke of the chisel, the operation of the ram boring machine can be improved in soft soils. After the chisel has been moved forward by an amount corresponding to the protruding length of the pin, the percussion piston then hits the end face of the housing tip fully, so that the impact energy is large recorded and transferred to the housing as far as possible without loss.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand des in der Zeichnung für eine Meißelbefestigung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels des näheren erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- im Längsschnitt den vorderen Teil eines Rammbohrgerätes, d.h. eine in ein Hauptgehäuse eingeschraubte, durch einen Bajonettverschluß mit einem Meißel verbundene Gehäusespitze;
- Fig. 2
- die Gehäusespitze gemäß Fig. 1 entlang der Linie II-II geschnitten;
- Fig. 3
- die Gehäusespitze gemäß Fig. 1 entlang der Linie III-III geschnitten; und
- Fig. 4
- die Gehäusespitze gemäß Fig. 1 entlang der Linie IV-IV geschnitten.
- Fig. 1
- in longitudinal section the front part of a ram boring machine, ie a housing tip screwed into a main housing and connected to a chisel by a bayonet lock;
- Fig. 2
- the housing tip of Figure 1 cut along the line II-II.
- Fig. 3
- the housing tip of Figure 1 cut along the line III-III. and
- Fig. 4
- 1 along the line IV-IV.
Bei dem Rammbohrgerät 1 ist das Hauptgehäuse 2 an seinem in Schlagrichtung 4 vorderen Ende mit einem Innengewinde 5 versehen, in das eine Gehäusespitze 6 mit einer zapfenartigen Gewindeverlängerung 7 eingeschraubt ist. In einer Axialbohrung 8 der Gehäusespitze 6 ist ein an seinem vorderen Ende als Schlagspitze 9 ausgebildeter Meißel 10 mit einem Zapfen 11 geführt, der sich durch die gesamte Gehäusespitze 6 erstreckt und mit seinem dem Hauptgehäuse 2 zugewandten Zapfenende 12 in den Arbeitsraum 13 des Schlagkolbens 3 ragt. Die Vorkraglänge 14 des Zapfens 11 ist kleiner als der maximale Hubweg 15 des Meißels 10 in Schlagrichtung 4; der Hubweg 15 ergibt sich aus dem Weg, den ein Meißelbund 16 in einer gegenüber dem Durchmesser der Axialbohrung 8 vergrößerten Gehäusekammer 17 zwischen einem vorderen und einem hinteren Anschlag 18, 19 theoretisch zurücklegen könnte. Da jedoch die Vorkraglänge 14 kleiner ist als der Hubweg 15, ,trifft der Schlagkolben nach einem der Vorkraglänge 14 entsprechenden Hub des Meißels 10 voll auf die Stirnfläche 20 der Gehäusespitze 6.In the ram boring machine 1, the
Die Gehäusekammer 17 wird von gehäusefesten Innenkragen 21, 22 begrenzt, die mit ihren Innenflächen gleichzeitig die Anschläge 18, 19 definieren. Die Durchgangsbohrungen 23 der Innenkragen 21, 22 sind im Durchmesser kleiner als der aus zwei diametral gegenüberliegenden Schulterstücken 24 bestehende Meißelbund 16 und ein auf den Zapfen 11 des Meißels 10 aufgeschobener, ebenfalls zwei diametral gegenüberliegende Schultersegmente 25 aufweisender Stützring 26 (vgl. Fig. 4), der drehfest auf dem Meißel sitzt und sich mit seinen Schulterstücken 25 an die in Schlagrichtung 4 rückwärtige Stirnfläche des hinteren Innenkragens 22 anlegt. Als Drehsicherung dient mindestens eine, auf dem Schulterstück 24 angeordnete Nase 35. Zwischen dem Stützring 26 und einem davon entfernten, in eine Umfangsnut 27 des Zapfens 11 eingesetzten, zweiteiligen Gegenring 28 ist eine den Zapfen 11 umschließende Druckfeder 29 angeordnet. Beim Arbeitshub trifft der sich in Schlagrichtung 4 bewegende Schlagkolben 3 auf die Stirnfläche 20 des Zapfens 11 und bewegt den Zapfen 11 und damit den Meißel 10 gegen die Kraft der Druckfeder 29 nach vorne, bis er auf die seinen Vorwärtshub begrenzende Anschlagfläche 36, d.h. die Stirnfläche der Schlagspitze 7 trifft; nach dem Arbeitshub stellt die Druckfeder 29 den Meißel 10 in seine in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausgangslage zurück. In Rillen des Zapfens 11 eingesetzte Dichtungen 30, 31 dichten den Meißel 10 nach vorne zum Erdreich und hinten zum Arbeitsraum 13 des Schlagkolbens 3 ab und verhindern das Eintreten von Schmutz und Erdreich.The
Der Meißel 10 mit den auf dem Zapfen 11 angeordneten Ringen 26, 28 und der sich gegen diese Ringe abstützenden Druckfeder 29 sowie den Dichtungen 30, 31 wird als vorbereitete, komplette Einheit in die Gehäusespitze 6 eingeschoben und darin lagesicher verriegelt. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß die Innenkragen 21, 22 mit - wie in Fig. 2 für den vorderen Innenkragen 21 und in Fig. 3 für den hinteren Innenkragen 22 dargestellt - Axialdurchgängen 32 versehen sind, die an die Form und die Abmessungen der Schulterstücke 24, 25 angepaßt sind. Zum Einbau des kompletten Meißels 10 in die Gehäusespitze 6 werden die Schulterstücke 24, 25 in eine mit den Axialdurchgängen 32 fluchtende Lage gebracht, so daß sich der Meißel 10 axial ungehindert einfügen läßt. Nachdem der Meißel 10 seine in Fig. 1 dargestellte Einbaulage erreicht hat, in der das Zapfenende 12 des Zapfens 11 mit der Vorkraglänge 14 in den Arbeitsraum 13 des Schlagkolbens 3 reicht, wird der Meißel 10 radial solange verdreht, bis die Schulterstücke 24, 25 - wie in Fig. 3 für die Schulterstücke 24 des Meißelbundes 16 dargestellt - senkrecht zu den Axialausnehmungen 32 verlaufen und der Meißel 10 aufgrund des damit erreichten Bajonettverschlusses 33 mit der Gehäusespitze 6 verbunden ist. Ein quer, d.h. radial durch die Gehäusespitze 6 gesteckter Sicherungsstift 34 verhindert, daß sich der Meißel 10 während des Betriebes unerwünscht verdreht.The
Zum Ein- und Ausbauen des in der Gehäusespitze 6 - wie im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel - oder in einem einstückigen Gehäuse angeordneten, insbesondere axialbeweglichen Meißels 10 brauchen somit lediglich der Sicherungsstift 34 entfernt und die Schulterstücke 24, 25 in eine mit den Axialdurchgängen 32 fluchtende Lage gebracht zu werden. Der Meißel 10 läßt sich danach, beispielsweise wenn er verschlissen ist oder die Dichtringe und/oder die Druckfeder erneuert werden müssen, axial aus dem Rammbohrgerät herausziehen. Sowohl zum Ein- als auch zum Ausbauen bietet somit der Bajonettverschluß 33 eine einfache Handhabung und gewährleistet einen sicheren Sitz des Meißels im Rammbohrgerät.To install and remove in the housing tip 6 - as in the illustrated embodiment - or in a one-piece housing, in particular axially
Claims (8)
- A ram boring machine having a striking piston reciprocating in a tubular housing (2, 6) and a striking tip (9) connected to the housing (2, 6) by a bayonet connection (33), characterised in that a shank (11) of the striking tip (9) is provided with at least one radial shoulder segment (24) which engages, on the side remote from the striking tip (9), behind an internal collar (21) of the housing (2, 6) having at least one axial through passage (32) corresponding to the shoulder segment (24) and is located in a housing chamber (17) having a front and a rear stop (18, 19) limiting a stroke (15) of the striking tip (9), and in that the front stop (18) for the striking tip (9) is formed integrally with a striking face (36) which is acted on by the striking piston (3) and limits the forward stroke of the striking piston (3).
- A ram boring machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the striking tip (9) is in the form of a chisel (10).
- A ram boring machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the housing chamber (17) is located between two internal collars (21, 22) of which at least the front internal collar (21), in the striking direction (4), is provided with two diametrically opposite axial passages (32) corresponding to a collar (16) of the chisel.
- A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a compression spring (29) is supported between a thrust ring (26) which engages with at least one shoulder segment (25) behind the rear internal collar (22) on the side facing away from the striking tip (9) and a counter-ring (28) of the shank (11).
- A ram boring machine according to claim 4, characterised in that the counter-ring (28) is in two parts and is located in a circumferential groove (27) in the shank (11).
- A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterised by an anti-rotation locking device (34) of the striking tip (9).
- A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the striking tip (9) is located in a housing tip (6) detachably connected to the main housing (2).
- A ram boring machine according to claim 7, characterised in that the shank end (12) of the striking tip (9) which faces towards the main housing (2) projects from the housing tip (6) and that the projecting length (14) is not greater than the maximum stroke (15) of the chisel collar (16) between the stops (18, 19) in the housing chamber (17).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3840923 | 1988-12-05 | ||
| DE3840923A DE3840923C2 (en) | 1988-12-05 | 1988-12-05 | Ram drilling machine |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0372225A2 EP0372225A2 (en) | 1990-06-13 |
| EP0372225A3 EP0372225A3 (en) | 1992-05-27 |
| EP0372225B1 true EP0372225B1 (en) | 1997-01-29 |
Family
ID=6368482
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89120336A Expired - Lifetime EP0372225B1 (en) | 1988-12-05 | 1989-11-03 | Boring ram |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5125462A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0372225B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2703374B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3840923C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5797705A (en) * | 1990-12-12 | 1998-08-25 | Willibald Kellner | Method for manufacturing a tubular foundation in the ground |
| AT394592B (en) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-05-11 | Kellner Willibald | Method of producing a tubular foundation in the ground |
| US5465797A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1995-11-14 | Earth Tool Corporation | Pneumatic ground piercing tool with detachable head |
| FI98400C (en) * | 1994-08-03 | 1997-06-10 | Valto Ilomaeki | drill Rig |
| WO1997002386A1 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1997-01-23 | Komatsu Ltd. | Hydraulic roller-compactor |
| EP0928353A1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1999-07-14 | ROYNESTAD, Tom Toralv | A method in piling tubular bases, a combined drilling and piling rig, as well as use of the drill hammer of said rig |
| CA2194079C (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 2005-11-29 | Murray P. Craigmile | Methods and apparatus for directionally drilling a bore and placing pipe |
| AU753171B2 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2002-10-10 | Tracto-Technik Paul Schmidt Spezialmaschinen | Positive connection between a pipe and a ring inserted into the pipe |
| US6273201B1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2001-08-14 | Earth Tool Company, L.L.C. | Pneumatic ground piercing tool with movable chisel head |
| DE10146023B4 (en) * | 2001-09-18 | 2006-02-23 | Tracto-Technik Gmbh | Control for a percussion drive |
| EP1733851B1 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2013-01-02 | Caterpillar Inc. | Tool Retention Apparatus and Method |
| EP1733849A1 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-20 | Caterpillar, Inc. | Tool assembly having a two part body |
Family Cites Families (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1566630A (en) * | 1925-12-22 | oe doveb | ||
| US1443461A (en) * | 1920-05-01 | 1923-01-30 | John S Donaldson | Tool and tool retainer |
| US1525471A (en) * | 1921-07-25 | 1925-02-10 | Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co | Coupling for percussive tools |
| US1859342A (en) * | 1930-04-08 | 1932-05-24 | Detachable Bit Corp | Drill |
| FR707504A (en) * | 1930-12-13 | 1931-07-09 | Forges Et Ateliers De Meudon S | Bayonet drive for pneumatic hammer tools |
| DE575906C (en) * | 1931-03-13 | 1933-05-04 | Fried Krupp Akt Ges | Pneumatic impact tool |
| US2507585A (en) * | 1946-07-26 | 1950-05-16 | Bassinger Ross | Percussion tool for wells |
| US2634951A (en) * | 1949-09-01 | 1953-04-14 | Snyder Oil Tool Corp | Impact drill |
| US2889811A (en) * | 1956-08-10 | 1959-06-09 | Electro Chimie Metal | Percussion tools |
| US3049109A (en) * | 1959-09-28 | 1962-08-14 | Schley Friedrich | Free piston engines |
| DE2157259C3 (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-06-07 | Tracto Technik | Ram drilling rig |
| FR2223143A1 (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1974-10-25 | Favre Jacques | Guide for tools or bits in pneumatic hammers - has conventional barrel extended as slide fit over flanged tool shaft |
| DE2340751C2 (en) * | 1973-08-11 | 1974-09-26 | Tracto-Technik Paul Schmidt, 5940 Lennestadt | Control device for the forward and reverse flow of ram drilling rigs |
| DE2356804A1 (en) * | 1973-11-14 | 1975-05-28 | Tracto Technik | Self-propelled pneumatic ram boring tool - has striker piston and control piston and start valve in compressed air feed |
| US3885634A (en) * | 1974-05-23 | 1975-05-27 | Albert Adolfovich Goppen | Pneumatic hammer |
| AT350002B (en) * | 1977-12-31 | 1979-05-10 | Inst Gornogo Dela Sibirskogo O | IMMEDIATE COMPRESSED AIR DEVICE FOR THE FORMATION OF TUBE-SHAPED VACUUMS IN THE FLOOR |
| DE3124524C2 (en) * | 1981-06-23 | 1985-08-01 | Gustav Dr.-Ing. 4300 Essen Jenne | Ramming device for self-propelled pneumatic ram drilling rigs |
| US4658913A (en) * | 1982-06-03 | 1987-04-21 | Yantsen Ivan A | Hydropneumatic percussive tool |
| SE444401B (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1986-04-14 | Atlas Copco Ab | ENERGY ABSORBING POCKET UNIT RECORDING UNIT |
| US4632195A (en) * | 1985-06-03 | 1986-12-30 | Fansteel Inc. | Roof drill system |
| JPH0830447B2 (en) * | 1986-06-28 | 1996-03-27 | テイケイ気化器株式会社 | Vaporizer |
| DE3710162C1 (en) * | 1987-03-27 | 1988-09-29 | Helmuth Dipl-Ing Roemer | Ram boring machine with movable chisel |
-
1988
- 1988-12-05 DE DE3840923A patent/DE3840923C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-11-03 DE DE58909774T patent/DE58909774D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-11-03 EP EP89120336A patent/EP0372225B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-04 US US07/445,400 patent/US5125462A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-04 JP JP1315112A patent/JP2703374B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE58909774D1 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
| EP0372225A2 (en) | 1990-06-13 |
| US5125462A (en) | 1992-06-30 |
| EP0372225A3 (en) | 1992-05-27 |
| JP2703374B2 (en) | 1998-01-26 |
| JPH02200993A (en) | 1990-08-09 |
| DE3840923A1 (en) | 1990-06-07 |
| DE3840923C2 (en) | 1994-03-24 |
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