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EP0368007A2 - Verpackung zum Versenden und Aufnehmen von lebensgefährlichen Flüssigkeiten - Google Patents

Verpackung zum Versenden und Aufnehmen von lebensgefährlichen Flüssigkeiten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0368007A2
EP0368007A2 EP89118829A EP89118829A EP0368007A2 EP 0368007 A2 EP0368007 A2 EP 0368007A2 EP 89118829 A EP89118829 A EP 89118829A EP 89118829 A EP89118829 A EP 89118829A EP 0368007 A2 EP0368007 A2 EP 0368007A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
package
layer
container
pouch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89118829A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0368007A3 (de
Inventor
Joseph Donald Russo
Laurence Michael Russo
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/257,725 external-priority patent/US4969750A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0368007A2 publication Critical patent/EP0368007A2/de
Publication of EP0368007A3 publication Critical patent/EP0368007A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/24—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants
    • B65D81/26—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants with provision for draining away, or absorbing, or removing by ventilation, fluids, e.g. exuded by contents; Applications of corrosion inhibitors or desiccators
    • B65D81/264—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants with provision for draining away, or absorbing, or removing by ventilation, fluids, e.g. exuded by contents; Applications of corrosion inhibitors or desiccators for absorbing liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
    • B65D85/84—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for corrosive chemicals

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to a method of pack­aging hazardous liquids for shipment or containment and to the structure and composition of the packaging which can be used to practice the method.
  • the liquid to be shipped can comprise chemical compounds, synthetic polymers, aromatics, hydrocarbons, biological materials, and radioactive materials, for example.
  • the liquid may comprise a solution, a suspension, or a dispersion, each having different flow characteristics and different reactive capabilities. It is now uncommon that the liquid to be shipped is toxic or contains biologically active or reactive components which present a danger to persons who are exposed to the fluid without the proper protective barrier clothing, eye protection and respiratory equipment.
  • the packaging in which hazardous liquids are shipped should be capable of preventing the escape of the liquid being shipped and any hazardous vapors thereof.
  • packaging which is capable of protecting the liquid container better; it is possible to provide a liquid container which cannot be crushed.
  • materials which can be used to fabricate such packaging or liquid containers include fiberglass, metals, and reinforced composites of the type commonly used in the chemical industry.
  • packaging or containers are very expensive to manufacture, and reuse requires special tracking during shipment and costly cleaning procedures. The stronger packaging and containers would typically be heavier, increasing shipping costs and making handling more difficult.
  • Containers comprised of fiberglass or metal canisters and bombs are less convenient to use; doctors and nurses prefer tray-form packages for tabletop convenience in laying out tubes of blood and slides.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,986,914 to Howard, dated October 19, 1976, describes a plastic pouch-like container which is provided with a plastic bead seal at the junction of an interlocking fastener and the side edges of the container.
  • the plastic bead seal acts as a barrier to prevent leakage of fluids or contaminating bacteria through the plastic container in the area adjacent to the fastener/closure of the container.
  • the container is a composite paper body with a plastic liner forming a structure that is adapted to be sealed with a crimped-on cap, to preserve items stored in the container either under atoms­pheric pressure, vacuum, or pressurized conditions.
  • the absorbant comprises a mixture of a cotton-like material "A" manufact­ured by a pulping treatment of bagasse containing at least 5 percent by weight of pith and having a lignin content of 5-25 percent by weight and a pulp "B" having a lignin content not greater than 5 percent by weight, wherein the weight ratio of A:B ranges from 95:5 to 20:80.
  • the means provides for holding the consumer fluid product containers which are of a tube type in fixed, closely packed positions, to prevent damage during shipment.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,615,923 to Marx, dated October 7, 1986, describes a water-absorbing insert for food packs.
  • the insert is adapted to be used in direct abutment with food, and comprises an outer covering and an inner filling.
  • the outer covering is pervious to water is is preferably made from an acid-free paper.
  • the filler includes kieselguhr and an organic gel former selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose ether, polyvinylpyrrolidon, starch, dextrose, gelatin and pectin.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,735,843 to Noda, dated April 5, 1988, describes selectively surface-hydrophilic porous or perforated sheets.
  • the fluid-directed front face of the sheet comprises a hydrophilic perforated surface having a multiplicity of holes for fluid passage.
  • the back face of the sheet is coated with a rubber-like material insoluble in aqueous fluid but having surface-hydrophilic properties, whereby the back face of the sheet is rendered hydrophilic.
  • the sheets are particularly useful as cover sheets for absorbant structures such as diapers, bandages and catamenials.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,738,674 to Todd et al., dated April 19, 1988 describes a method for automatically and continuously indicating wetness of diapers, hospital underpads, and the like, wherein moisture indicator strips of a capillary action type are used to provide a visual indication of wetness at a point removed from the actual point of wetness.
  • a wicking strip is used to transfer the moisture to a moisture indicating substance which visually indicates the presence of moisture.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,738,675 to Buckley et al., dated April 19, 1988 describes a disposable diaper comprising a fluid impervious back sheet, a fluid pervious front sheet, a first absorbant pad adjacent the front sheet and comprising a loosely formed fiberous mass, and a separate second absorbent pad between the first pad and the back sheet.
  • the second pad comprises a mass of fibers having compressed regions extending throughout a substantial part of the second pad and having relatively uncompressed areas adjacent the compressed regions. The compressed regions are used to promote the spreading of fluid throughout the pad, and to direct fluid flow against the force of gravity when the diaper is positioned on the baby.
  • the polyurethane foam composition is useful as a sponge and in the manufacture of such absorbent composite structures as disposable diapers, incontinent products, etc.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,744,374 to Deffeves et al. discloses a family of crystalline, microporous silaceous materials of regular geometry which are substantially hydrophobic and which exhibit a stronger affinity for less polar molecules such as ammonia than for water under equivalent exposure conditions. Such silacious materials, would be useful in fabrication of filter cartridges for pipes, cigars or ciagarettes, and would be expected to absorb significant amounts of carbon monoxide from mainstream smoke more effectively than previously used hydrophilic materials.
  • the hydrophobic material comprises microporous crystalline tectosilicate of regular geometry having aluminum-­free sites in a silaceous lattice that are characterized by the presence of about 1-4 associated moieties in said sites of the formula - SiOR, wherein R is a substituent that is a weaker point source than aluminum.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,748,069 to Cullen describes a liquid absorbing and immobilizing packet and paper therefor.
  • the packet comprises an envelope which is degradable in the liquid and a liquid absorbing and im­mobilizing material in the envelope.
  • the liquid absorbing and immobilizing material recommended for aqueous solutions including dilute alkalis, dilute acids, and body fluids is sodium polyacrylate.
  • the envelope can comprise a layer of a liquid degradable material having a patterned coating of sealing material in the layer, wherein the pattern is such that uncoated portions of the envelope remain exposed to be degraded by contact with the liquid.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,748,076 to Saotome describes a water absorbent fiberous product comprising a cellulosic material impregnated with a water absorbent acrylic polymer.
  • the fiberous product exhibits a high water absorbency and finds applications as high quality disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, surgical pads, surgical sheets, paper towels or the like.
  • the absorbent material is comprised at least partially of mineral fibers which have a specific surface area greater than 0.25 m2/g.
  • the fibers have an average diameter under 5 micrometers, having a homogeneous size distribution and are free of non-fabricated or clustered particles.
  • the mineral fiber-based material typically comprises a glass fiber.
  • the diposable diaper comprises an inner member to be in contact with the skin of a wearer, an outwardly directed member, and an absorbent member interposed between the same. Baby powder is retained in a pulverulent state in cavities or wrinkles defined in the inner member by gathers.
  • the nonwoven web comprises monofilaments or fibers of a thermoplastic material, wherein the improvement comprises the use of monofilaments or fibers which have a bilobal-shaped cross section.
  • the barrier includes a first layer which is a porous sheet having a first side and a second side.
  • a second layer is joined to the first side of the first layer, which second layer is a continuous film of a water soluble polymeric material, in which the film is not micorporous in that it is substantially free of voids which connect the two surfaces of the film.
  • Water molecules are capable of being transported through the second layer film as a result of the solubility of the water molecule in the polymeric material.
  • the second layer film has an average thickness of from about 3 to about 250 microns.
  • the first layer side of the second layer film is intimately comingled with at least some of the fibers at the surface of the first side of the first layer, and none of the pores at the surface of the first side of the first layer are so large as to significantly adversely affect the barrier properties of the breathable barrier as a consequence of the comingling.
  • a package which can be used to contain a known hazardous liquid leakage such as a leak from industrial pails or drums.
  • the kind of package which can be used for shipping of hazardous liquids can also be used for containment of such leaking vessels by techniques such as shrouding the leaking vessel in the package, inverting, and then sealing the package.
  • the method of the present invention comprises a method of packaging a hazar­dous liquid for shipment, wherein the hazardous liquid, present in one or more sealed containers, is placed in a package which can be sealed so that the package completely surrounds and isolates the hazardous liquid, characterized by:
  • At least one of the layers of the package can be capable of immobilizing the li­quid.
  • the immobilizing layer is other than the exterior layer, the exterior layer of the package must be impermeable by at least the immobilized liquid and by any hazardous vapors therefrom.
  • At least one of the layers of the package can be capable of destroying or deacti­vating the liquid to a chemical or physical composition which no longer poses a significant hazard to a person exposed to such deactivated composition.
  • At least one of the layers of the package can be capable of filtering out any etio­logic agents so that such etiologic agents remain inside of the exterior layer of the package.
  • the method of the present invention also comprises a method of containing a ha­zardous liquid which is leaking from a container, wherein the leaking container is placed in a package which can be sealed so that the package completely sur­round and isolates the leaking container, characterized by:
  • the present invention also pertains to a package for shipment or containment of a hazardous liquid, wherein the package comprises a bag or pouch in which at least one container of the liquid can be sealed so that the package completely sur­rounds and isolates the container of liquid, characterized by:
  • At least one of the layers of the bag or pouch can be capable of immobilizing the liquid.
  • the immobilizing layer is other than the exterior layer, the exterior layer of the bag or pouch must be impermeable by at least the immobilized liquid and by any hazardous vapors therefrom.
  • At least one of the layers of the bag or pouch can be capable of destroying or deactivating the liquid to a chemical or physical composition which no longer po­ses a significant hazard to a person exposed to such deactivated composition.
  • At least one of the layers of the bag or pouch can be capable of filtering out any etiologic agents from the liquid.
  • At least one of the layers of the bag or pouch can be comprised of wicking chan­nels which aid in distribution of the liquid to interior parts of the bag or pouch remote from the area of the container from which liquid is escaping.
  • At least a portion of at least one of the layers of the bag or pouch can comprise a liquid indicating means, whereby a visual indication that liquid is in direct contact with the interior of the bag or pouch is automatically and continually provided at a location which can be observed from the exterior of the bag or pouch.
  • FIGS. 1A - 1G show examples of types of bags or pouches which can be used to practice the present invention.
  • the end of the bag or pouch which is shown open is to be sealed subsequent to placement of a container of liquid therein.
  • the present invention comprises a method of packaging a hazardous liquid for shipment, wherein the hazardous liquid, present in at least one sealed container, is placed in a package which can be used to completely surround and isolate the sealed container.
  • the present invention also comprises a method of containing a hazardous liquid which is leaking from a container, wherein the leaking container is placed in the package which can be used to completely surround and isolate the leaking container.
  • the improvement over previous methods of packaging and containing hazardous liquids lies in constructing the package to be a sealable bag or pouch which is comprised of materials assembled into a structure which can immobilize the hazardous liquid, preventing the transmission of the liquid or hazardous vapor thereof through the exterior of the package.
  • Hazardous liquids of the type to be contained by the method and packaging of the present invention include biologically active and reactive materials, acids, agricul­tural chemicals, alcohols and ethers, alkalies, amines, aromatics, chlorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes and esters, sodium silicates, surfactants of the type which have been demonstrated via toxicity testing to be hazardous, radioactive materials, and other kinds of materials known to pose a danger to plant or animal life or health.
  • the portion or layer of packaging material capable of immobilizing the liquid can be an adsorbent, an absorbent, a coagulant for the liquid, a gel-forming agent, or combinations thereof.
  • An example of an adsorbent useful for immobilizing aromatic and chlorinated solvents, alcohols and ketones comprises plastic microspheres which are both hydrophobic and polar in nature. Such microspheres are available from Nobel Chemature of Sweden under the tradename of Polyad FB.
  • the Polyad FB materials comprise highly porous plastic microspheres about 0.5 millimeters in diameter, wherein each gram of microspheres provides a surface area of about 800 square meters. The microspheres can withstand a high degree of mechanical stress without rupturing.
  • absorbents include fiberous, cotton-­like materials of the type described in U.S. Patent Number 4,495,082 to Mita et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference; cellulosic wadding; paper wadding; superwicking crosslinked polyurethane foam compositions of the type described in U.S. Patent Number 4,740,528 to Garvey et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference; crystalline, microporous silaceous materials of the kind described in U.S. Patent Number 4,744,374 to Deffeves et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference; sodium/calcium borosili­ cate glass microspheres and fibers in general, and partic­ularly mineral fibers of the type described in U.S.
  • Patent Number 4,748,977 to Guyot et al. which is hereby incorp­orated by reference; cellulosic material, particularly fiberous products impregnated with a water absorbent acrylic polymer, of the type described in U.S. Patent Number 4,748,076 to Saotome; monofilaments of fibers of a thermo­plastic material, and in particular those having a bilobal­shaped cross sections of the type described in U.S. Patent Number 4,754,834 to Braun et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference; vermiculite; dry colloidal silica, and similar absorbent materials.
  • One skilled in the art can select an absorbent which is compatible with the liquid to be absorbed.
  • a coagulant or gel-forming agent to be used in the present invention will also be selected for use with a particular kind of hazardous liquid.
  • Some examples of coagulants include sodium sulfate which is used as a blood coagulant; and fluid thickeners for water-based liquids, such as the hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid and/or anhydride/amine terminated poly(oxyalkylene) reaction products of the type described in U.S. Patent Number 4,661,275 to Forsberg et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Gel-forming agent examples include sodium polyacrylate which is recommended for use with aqueous solutions including dilute alkalis, dilute acids and body fluids; and organic gel formers such as carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose ether, polyvinyl pyrrolidon, starch, dextrose, gelatin, and pectin, which are also useful with water-based liquids.
  • organic gel formers such as carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose ether, polyvinyl pyrrolidon, starch, dextrose, gelatin, and pectin, which are also useful with water-based liquids.
  • a coagulant or gel-forming agent which is known to be effective with the type of hazardous liquid to be shipped or contained.
  • a reactive, destructive, or deactivating material to be used in the present invention will depend on the kind of hazardous liquid being shipped or contained. If the hazardous liquid is a chemical compound, the proper reactant is a chemical compound which is known to react with and convert the hazardous chemical compound to a different compound which is not hazardous. When the hazardous liquid is a biological material, the reactive, destructive, or deactivating material is one which terminates or neutralizes the biological activity of the liquid, such as a biocide. When the hazardous liquid is a radioactive material, the reactive material must be capable of reducing the radioactivity of the liquid to a nonhazardous level.
  • the layer of bag or pouch material which makes up the interior of the package should be permeable to the hazardous liquid or must be perforated, slit, or otherwise constructed to permit the liquid to pass therethrough.
  • materials which can be used as a permeable interior layer include the wadding and fiberous materials previously described as absorbents, when such materials are formed into a layer of sheeting such as a woven or nonwoven web.
  • permeable films of polyvinyl alcohol, low density polyethylene, and nylon are useful.
  • One skilled in the art will select the interior layer material to be permeable to the liquid as necessary, since materials permeable to polar liquids may not be permeable to nonpolar liquids.
  • the exterior layer of bag or pouch material must be impermeable by the hazardous liquid or hazardous vapors thereof, or must be impermeable by the immobilized hazardous liquid and hazardous vapors thereof. Again, the material selected will depend on the liquid involved.
  • the exterior layer is comprised of a flexible polymeric material. Examples of polymeric materials which can be used to produce such a film for nonpolar liquids include fluorinated polyethylene, and polyvinylchloride.
  • Examples of materials which can be used with water-based liquids include metallized or nonmetallized films of polyester, polypropylene and polyethylene, particularly metallized polyester when sharp edges are a problem and puncture and tear resistance are desired; laminates of paper/low density polyethylene/aluminum foil/low density polyethylene are very functional barriers to water vapor, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases.
  • Woven polypropylene fabric with a polypropylene extrusion coating provides a particularly strong and tough exterior layer; such exterior layers are particularly useful for bags for containment or shipment of large vessels or containers.
  • Coextruded films are functional and less expensive than laminates which require use of an adhesive. Examples of coextruded films include polypropylene coextruded with polyester and polyethylene coextruded with polyester.
  • An interior layer of low density polyethylene which forms part of a laminate is heat sealable and thus can be used to seal the open end of the bag or pouch after the container of liquid is placed inside.
  • Other means of sealing the bag or pouch include wet bond adhesives, dry bond adhesives, pressure sensitive adhesives and hot melt adhesives, for example. The sealing must be affected or the adhesive so placed as to prevent leakage of the hazardous material. Thus, the sealant or adhesive must be insoluble in and impermeable to the hazardous liquid and the vapors thereof.
  • One embodiment of the present invention is a method and package for the shipment of blood.
  • Glass tubes of a simulated blood liquid were placed in a pouch-type package, absent the styrofoam holding tray previously described, to provide a worst case example.
  • the pouch-type package comprised an interior layer of cellulosic wadding to which was adhered an exterior layer of polyethylene film.
  • the cellulosic waddings investigated ranged in density from about 0.2 grams per square inch to about 0.5 grams per square inch.
  • the wadding was adhered to the polyethylene film using a wet latex adhesive.
  • the polyethylene film thicknesses investigated ranged from about 0.5 millimeters to about 2.5 millimeters plus or minus about 0.2 millimeter.
  • a sharp pressure of a sledge hammer was randomly applied to the exterior surface of the pouch-type package to break the glass.
  • the simulated blood liquid was observed to leak from the pouch-type package when the packaging material comprised cellulosic wadding having a density of about 0.2 grams per square inch or less combined with a polyethylene film having a thickness of about 0.5 milimeter or less.
  • the broken glass pushed through the wadding and punctured the exterior poly­ethylene film. It was subsequently discovered that no leakage of the simulated blood liquid from the pouch occurred when the pouch comprised an interior layer of cellulosic wadding having a density of about 0.3 grams per square inch or greater, used in combination with a polyethylene film having a thickness of about 0.5 millimeters or greater.
  • the cellulosic wadding not only absorbed the simulated blood liquid, but served as a cushion between the broken glass and the polyethylene exterior film, preventing puncture of the polyethylene film.
  • the glass tubes of blood are placed in the styrofoam tray preferred for use by laboratory personnel, and the tray containing the tubes is placed inside the package of the present invention.
  • the preferred package comprises at least an interior layer of cellulosic wadding having a density ranging from about 0.3 to about 0.5 grams per square inch, used in combination with a polyethylene film ranging in thickness from about 0.5 to about 1.5 millimeters.
  • the layer of cellulosic wadding should range from about 0.5 to about 1.0 grams per square inch, used in combination with a polyethylene film ranging in thickness from about 0.5 to about 2.5 millimeters.
  • bag or pouch structures which provide an improvement over the example described above have been described previously.
  • improved structures comprise three layers of material, an interior permeable layer, an adjacent layer of absorbent or adsorbent material, and an exterior impermeable layer also adjacent to the absorbent or adsorbent material.
  • FIG. 2A shows the overall structure of the pouch prior to placement of a hazardous liquid container inside.
  • the pouch has wicking channels built in to assist in transporting liquid which has escaped from the container to pouch areas remote from the container location from which the liquid has escaped.
  • FIG. 2B shows a cross section of the packaging material composite, wherein an interior permeable layer 10 is adhered to or placed proximate to an absorbent material 12 which comprises depressions 14 which function as wicking channels for distribution of liquid which has permeated layer 10.
  • An impermeable exterior layer 16 is adhered to or placed proximate to absorbent material 12.
  • FIG. 2C shows a cross section of the upper, sealable edge of the pouch.
  • the sealable edge comprises the exterior impermeable layer 16 with a layer of sealant 18 applied to the interior surface of impermeable layer 16.
  • a release tape 20 faces (covers) sealant layer 18 until such time as the bag is to be sealed; at that time release tape 20 is removed and the open edges of the bag comprising sealant 18 are brought together to seal the bag.
  • Exterior impermeable layer 16 may be bonded to permeable layer 10 at a point below sealant layer 18, as shown in FIG. 2C.
  • the bonding may be accomplished by heat sealing or by application of a sealant or adhesive between the two layers. (A sealant or adhesive between layers 16 and 10 is not shown in FIG. 2C.)
  • a permeable interior layer 30 is adhered or placed proximate to an absorbent 32, which includes a reactant 34 capable of destroying or deactivating the hazardous liquid.
  • An impermeable exterior layer 36 is adhered to or placed proximate to the exposed side of the layer of absorbent 32.
  • a dot matrix adhesive 38 is shown bonding permeable interior layer 30 and imperme­able layer 36 to absorbent 32.
  • a permeable interior layer 40 comprising perforations 42 is adhered to at least a portion of the fibers making up a first surface of absorbent 44.
  • An exterior impermeable layer 48 is adhered to at least a portion of the fibers making up the second surface of absorbent layer 44.
  • Absorbent layer 44 also comprises a coagulant 46 which further assists in immobilizing the hazardous liquid within absorbent layer 44.
  • FIG. 5A shows the overall structure of a pouch comprising a preferred embodiment of the present invention, prior to placement of a liquid container inside.
  • FIG. 5B shows a cross sectional schematic of the fold at the bottom of the pouch.
  • FIG. 5C shows one kind of interlocking closure which can be used to seal the pouch. Use of such a "zip lock" seal of the bag makes the bag reusable. Interlocking fasteners eliminate folding, creasing, and mechanical fasteners that contribute to bag failure and limit reuse.
  • FIG. 5A shows the overall structure of a pouch comprising a preferred embodiment of the present invention, prior to placement of a liquid container inside.
  • FIG. 5B shows a cross sectional schematic of the fold at the bottom of the pouch.
  • FIG. 5C shows one kind of interlocking closure which can be used to seal the pouch. Use of such a "zip lock" seal of the bag makes the bag reusable. Interlocking fasteners eliminate folding, creasing, and mechanical fasteners that contribute to bag failure and limit reuse.
  • FIG. 5D shows a cross sectional schematic of the pouch material composite, wherein an internal layer 50 of cellulosic wadding which contains a blood coagulant 52, a biocide 54, and an absorbent 56, is adhered to an exterior layer 58 which comprises an impermeable plastic.
  • An alternate cross sectional schematic for the material composite which can be used to fabricate the pouch shown in FIG. 5A is shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 6 shows an interior permeable layer 60 adhered to or placed proximate to a layer of cellulosic wadding 62 which contains a blood coagulant 64, a biocide 66, and an absorbent 68, wherein the wadding 62 is adhered on its other surface to an exterior layer 70 which comprises an impermeable plastic.
  • the most preferred embodiment of the material composite shown in FIGS. 5D and 6 uses a polyacrylate absorbent and a poly­ethylene exterior layer.
  • One skilled in the art can calculate the cost of fabricating various packaging material composite structures and determine the combination of materials and relative thicknesses which should provide a cost advantage in manufacture of the packaging. Minimal experimentation combined with cost calculations will enable formulation of a preferred composite structure for a given application. Use of a coagulant or gel-forming agent or a deactivating agent such as a biocide will also depend on the application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
EP89118829A 1988-10-14 1989-10-10 Verpackung zum Versenden und Aufnehmen von lebensgefährlichen Flüssigkeiten Withdrawn EP0368007A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US257725 1988-10-14
US07/257,725 US4969750A (en) 1988-10-14 1988-10-14 Method of shipment and containment of hazardous liquids
US27858588A 1988-12-01 1988-12-01
US278585 1988-12-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0368007A2 true EP0368007A2 (de) 1990-05-16
EP0368007A3 EP0368007A3 (de) 1990-05-30

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EP89118829A Withdrawn EP0368007A3 (de) 1988-10-14 1989-10-10 Verpackung zum Versenden und Aufnehmen von lebensgefährlichen Flüssigkeiten

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CA (1) CA2000606A1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994026093A1 (en) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-24 Datesand Limited Absorbent material
WO1995016620A1 (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-22 Noax Ab Package and method of making said package
EP0749912A3 (de) * 1995-06-23 1997-07-02 Uwe Kaspereit Verpackungs- oder Folienbeutel aus Folienwänden für vakuumierbares Verpackungsgut
GB2348867A (en) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-18 Jiffy Packaging Co Ltd Transporting articles containing liquid within padded bags having an absorbent layer
GB2385579A (en) * 2002-02-21 2003-08-27 John Firth Liquid containment material
US6631801B2 (en) 2000-02-09 2003-10-14 Inspiral, Llc Transport package
WO2009018412A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2009-02-05 Rexam Healthcare Packaging Inc. Multilayer plastic container and method of storing lyophilized products
EP2113465A1 (de) * 2008-04-29 2009-11-04 Seinec, S.A. Verpackung für Nahrungsprodukte
FR2937024A1 (fr) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-16 Celluloses De Broceliande Systeme pour le transport d'echantillons, notamment de prelevements sanguins, avec dispositif d'absorption

Family Cites Families (3)

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US3986914A (en) * 1972-02-11 1976-10-19 Uly-Pak, Inc. Heat-sealing method for plastic containers
US3999653A (en) * 1975-03-11 1976-12-28 The Dow Chemical Company Packaging for hazardous liquids
SE444555B (sv) * 1983-09-13 1986-04-21 Jan Soderholm Forpackning for riskprover

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994026093A1 (en) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-24 Datesand Limited Absorbent material
WO1995016620A1 (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-22 Noax Ab Package and method of making said package
EP0749912A3 (de) * 1995-06-23 1997-07-02 Uwe Kaspereit Verpackungs- oder Folienbeutel aus Folienwänden für vakuumierbares Verpackungsgut
GB2348867A (en) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-18 Jiffy Packaging Co Ltd Transporting articles containing liquid within padded bags having an absorbent layer
EP1044892A3 (de) * 1999-04-14 2001-06-27 Jiffy Packaging Company Limited Gepolsterter Beutel und Transportverfahren eines Gegenstandes mit Flüssigkeit
US6631801B2 (en) 2000-02-09 2003-10-14 Inspiral, Llc Transport package
GB2385579A (en) * 2002-02-21 2003-08-27 John Firth Liquid containment material
WO2009018412A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2009-02-05 Rexam Healthcare Packaging Inc. Multilayer plastic container and method of storing lyophilized products
US8603063B2 (en) 2007-08-01 2013-12-10 Rexam Healthcare Packaging Inc. Multilayer plastic container and method of storing lyophilized products
EP2113465A1 (de) * 2008-04-29 2009-11-04 Seinec, S.A. Verpackung für Nahrungsprodukte
FR2937024A1 (fr) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-16 Celluloses De Broceliande Systeme pour le transport d'echantillons, notamment de prelevements sanguins, avec dispositif d'absorption

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CA2000606A1 (en) 1990-04-14
EP0368007A3 (de) 1990-05-30

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