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EP0234345B1 - Make-and-break spark plug - Google Patents

Make-and-break spark plug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0234345B1
EP0234345B1 EP87101451A EP87101451A EP0234345B1 EP 0234345 B1 EP0234345 B1 EP 0234345B1 EP 87101451 A EP87101451 A EP 87101451A EP 87101451 A EP87101451 A EP 87101451A EP 0234345 B1 EP0234345 B1 EP 0234345B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
spark plug
make
housing
plug according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP87101451A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0234345A1 (en
Inventor
Max Pasbrig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lacrex Brevetti SA
Original Assignee
Lacrex Brevetti SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lacrex Brevetti SA filed Critical Lacrex Brevetti SA
Priority to AT87101451T priority Critical patent/ATE48341T1/en
Publication of EP0234345A1 publication Critical patent/EP0234345A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0234345B1 publication Critical patent/EP0234345B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/40—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices
    • H01T13/42—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with magnetic spark generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tear-off spark plug according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the leaf springs are arranged in the magnetic core in such a way that strong vibrations occur at the attachment point when the electrodes on the leaf springs are torn apart.
  • the band springs are thus constantly subjected to heavy stress at the same point, which results in rapid material fatigue and an early break.
  • the cavity in the lower housing part is designed in such a way that the magnetic coil with the magnetic core and the leaf springs with the armature are arranged in such a way that the magnetic coil can overheat and soot the magnetic core lower part and the armature. which affects the function.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a tear-off spark plug in which the magnetic core with its cavity and the armature movable in the transverse direction to the spark plug axis are designed to be more functional, the tear-off movements can be carried out without wear and the heating and sooting are reduced.
  • the magnetic core in the armature direction has a mushroom-shaped thickening with conical side faces and a cavity ensures a concentration of the magnetic effect in the armature region. Since the armature movable in the magnetic core cavity transverse to the compression pressure flow is arranged asymmetrically with respect to the axis of the magnetic core cavity, the compression pressure supports the tear-off movements. Because of the course of the field line, in addition to the attraction effect on the armature extending beyond the magnetic core, there is also a repulsion effect. The tear-off sequence can also be accelerated and carried out more precisely, and there are no material deformations during the tear-off movements on the long rod to which the anchor is attached.
  • the part of the armature arranged on the spring rod protruding into the explosion space is provided with a recess directed towards the axis, the attached and thus movable electrode is already subjected to the explosion pressure in the tear-off direction, which relieves the required magnetic force.
  • the armature and the electrodes can be easily replaced in this arrangement because they protrude from the candle housing.
  • the sooting of the armature and overheating are reduced by the arrangement of a cavity in the magnetic core provided with step-like extensions and by the free space with ventilation openings. This is of particular advantage if the tear-off spark plug is not used in piston-type internal combustion engines, but rather as an igniter in a wide variety of areas.
  • the insulation provided in the upper part of the tear-off spark plug can also be omitted, which enables a smaller design.
  • the spring rod can also be welded into the upper part of the magnetic core if there is a direct power supply through high voltage.
  • the tear-off spark plug shown comprises an essentially cylindrical housing 1 with a polygonal profile 3 made of metallic but non-magnetizable material that narrows towards the screw-in side, and a threaded part 2 that is screwed into the cylinder head (not shown) of an internal combustion engine or into an ignition system is, and ends in a one-sided approach 27 for fastening the one electrode 25.
  • the wall of the housing 1 is from the bottom and through the upper ventilation openings 7, 7 ', which open into the free spaces 4, 8 between the magnet coil 5 and the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is provided at its end facing away from the threaded part with a thread 11 for a closure part 22 with a thread, in which a recess 32 for the ignition cable 29 and a plate 14 for the electrical connection 13 with insulations 31, 12 are arranged.
  • a magnetic coil 5 is provided at its upper end with insulating plates 30 and arranged at a distance from the inner wall of the housing, and a magnetic core 6, which is provided in the armature direction with a mushroom-shaped reinforcement 9 with a conical tip 10 that extends is supported on a seal 23.
  • the magnetic core 6 has a central cavity 1 with step-like extensions 15 ', 16.
  • the spring rod has an electrical connection on its head part 20.
  • An electrode 24 is arranged in the recess 26.
  • the armature 18 and the electrodes 24, 25 are interchangeably provided. The latter have their heads turned towards each other and are in contact at rest.
  • the electrode 24 has a bevel in longitudinal section, so that the explosion pressure (in the case of use in an internal combustion engine) finds an additional contact surface in order to support its lifting off from the electrode 25.
  • FIG. 4 shows a spark plug with an essentially cylindrical housing 1. This consists of a lower part 1 'with ventilation openings 7 which are arranged in the region of the lower housing part 1' which is narrowed towards the screwing-in side; a threaded part 2 'and a shoulder 27 arranged on one side with an electrode 25; and an upper part 1 "with ventilation openings 7 'in its flattened area.
  • the magnetic core has a mushroom-shaped reinforcement 9 'with a conical tip 10, a central cavity 15 with step-shaped extensions 15', 16 and a sealing ring 23.
  • the cavity 15 there is an armature 18 which extends beyond the magnetic core and is asymmetrical with respect to the axis of the cavity 16, attached to a spring rod 19 which is pressed or welded in the upper part of the magnetic core 6 is.
  • the electrodes 24, 25, which are interchangeably arranged on the armature 18 and on the extension 27, are in contact with their heads in the rest position.
  • the spring bar 19 can, at least in its upper end, which is conductively connected to the magnetic core 6, be angular, e.g. be square to improve the attachment and prevent rotation about its axis.
  • the lower housing part 1 'and the upper housing part 1 are connected by interlocking recesses - covered by a locking ring 36.
  • the insulation between the magnetic core 6 and the coil winding 5 can be dispensed with if a copper wire covered with ceramic or a specially anodized copper wire is used for the coil winding , one end 13 'of which is connected to the plate 14', the other end 13 '' of the magnetic core 6.
  • the spark plug works as follows: The voltage of a conventional battery is either stepped up or fed directly. Depending on the number of cylinders or devices to be operated, a corresponding number of thyristors are connected, which on the other hand are also connected to the spark plug.
  • An ignition distributor or timer with an ignition pulse generator controls the thyristors in such a way that, depending on the desired firing sequence, they emit the control pulses to the cylinders or apparatus.
  • the ignition current excites the electromagnet and also flows through the short-circuit path formed by the electrodes.
  • the magnetic field that builds up creates a magnetic effect in the armature region, the shape of the magnetic core extension ensuring a concentration of this magnetic effect.
  • a repulsive effect occurs due to the magnetic field line course between the magnetic core and armature.
  • the electrode heads are torn apart to form sparks; this interrupts the circuit, so that the magnetic field collapses again and the electrode heads can return to the contact position.
  • the ring 23 'isolates the magnetic core 6 from the housing 1, seals the free spaces 4, 8 from the outside and at the same time forms a stop or a limitation for the armature 18 when the electrodes 24, 25 are torn apart.
  • the housing can also have a different shape instead of a cylindrical one or consist of composite parts, with the inner parts then being adapted to the selected shape with the appropriate design.
  • the electrodes can also be attached or arranged differently.
  • the free spaces can also be completely or partially filled with insulating bodies; the ventilation openings can also be dispensed with.
  • another power generator can also be selected and the power supply can be arranged differently. If the magnetic core is placed under high voltage, the spring bar can be welded into the upper part of the magnetic core and the upper insulation can be dispensed with.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Thermally Insulated Containers For Foods (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Abstract

A contact-breaking ignition plug comprises a magnet coil arranged in a housing and surrounding a magnet core. The magnet core comprises an enlarged end portion with lateral surfaces extending conically in relation thereto and also comprises a cavity in which an armature is movably arranged. The armature is mounted on a rod in asymmetrical relation to a longitudinal center plane of the cavity and in transverse relation to the direction of compression pressure propagation. These features induce a concentration of the magnetic effect in the armature region and cause the contact-breaking motion to be augmented by the compression pressure. Respective contact electrodes are exchangeably mounted at each of the free end of the armature and a nose of the housing. The contact electrodes are mounted such that an electrical ignition pulse traversing a short-circuit path extending from the magnet coil of the electromagnet through the contact electrodes induces a magnetic field in the electromagnet, leading to interruption of the short-circuit path and the formation of a spark. The interruption sequence can be accelerated by means of this contact-breaking ignition plug and can be more precisely controlled and material deformations no longer arise during the contact-breaking motions.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abreisszündkerze gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a tear-off spark plug according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bei bekannten Abreisszündkerzen dieser Art (DE-A-204 545 und DE-A-2 951 848) sind in einem Magnetkern-Schlitz eines Elektromagneten zwei Bandfedern gegeneinander isoliert befestigt. An den Enden dieser Bandfedern sind die Anker so befestigt, dass sie sich noch innerhalb des Magnetkernes befinden. Die Bandfedern weisen in den Verbrennungsraum hineinragende Schenkel mit Elektrodenköpfen an ihren freien Enden auf. Bei der Abreisszündkerze nach der DE-A-204 545 sind der Magnetkern und die zugekehrten Flächen der Anker so ausgebildet, dass beim Anschlagen der Anker an den Magnetkern der Ankerschenkel zum Auseinanderreissen der Elektrodenköpfe eine Drehbewegung ausführt und damit bei jeder Abreissbewegung die diese Anker tragenden Bandfedern knicken.In known tear-off spark plugs of this type (DE-A-204 545 and DE-A-2 951 848), two band springs are fastened insulated from one another in a magnetic core slot of an electromagnet. The anchors are attached to the ends of these tape springs so that they are still inside the magnetic core. The band springs have legs protruding into the combustion chamber with electrode heads at their free ends. In the tear-off spark plug according to DE-A-204 545, the magnetic core and the facing surfaces of the armatures are designed in such a way that when the armature strikes the magnetic core, the armature arm carries out a rotary movement for tearing apart the electrode heads and thus the band springs carrying these armature with each tear-off movement kink.

Bei der Abreisszündkerze nach der DE-A-2 951 848 sind die Blattfedern im Magnetkern so angeordnet, dass beim Auseinanderreissen der Elektroden an den Blattfedern starke Schwingungen am Befestigungspunkt auftreten. Die Bandfedern werden somit fortwährend an der gleichen Stelle stark beansprucht, was eine rasche Materialermüdung und einen baldigen Bruch zur Folge hat. Ausserdem ist hier noch nachteilig, dass beim fortschreitenden Abbrand der beiden Elektroden die beiden Ankerplatten sich an den Blattfedern berühren und ein Auseinanderreissen der Elektroden verhindern.In the tear-off spark plug according to DE-A-2 951 848, the leaf springs are arranged in the magnetic core in such a way that strong vibrations occur at the attachment point when the electrodes on the leaf springs are torn apart. The band springs are thus constantly subjected to heavy stress at the same point, which results in rapid material fatigue and an early break. In addition, it is also disadvantageous here that when the two electrodes progressively burn up, the two anchor plates touch on the leaf springs and prevent the electrodes from tearing apart.

Bei wieder einer anderen Abreisszündkerze dieser Art (US-A-1 041 477) ist nur eine Bandfeder mit Elektrode vorgesehen, bei der das Problem das gleiche ist. Bei einer anderen vergleichbaren Ausführungsform (DE-A-218 595) ist nachteilig, dass bei jeder Abreissbewegung zwischen den Ankern und dem Magnetkern eine Reibwirkung entsteht, die zur raschen Abnützung und zur Veränderung der Abhebstrecke und des Zündzeitpunktes, sowie zu anderen nachteiligen Auswirkungen führt.Yet another tear-off spark plug of this type (US-A-1 041 477) only has a band spring with an electrode in which the problem is the same. In another comparable embodiment (DE-A-218 595) it is disadvantageous that with each tear-off movement between the armatures and the magnetic core there is a frictional effect, which leads to rapid wear and tear and to a change in the lift-off distance and the ignition timing, as well as other disadvantageous effects.

Bei all diesen Abreisszündkerzen ist auch nachteilig, dass der Hohlraum im Gehäuseunterteil so ausgebildet ist, bzw. die Magnetspule mit dem Magnetkern und die Blattfedern mit dem Anker so angeordnet sind, dass eine Überhitzung der Magnetspule und eine Verrussung des Magnetkernunterteiles und der Anker erfolgen kann, wodurch die Funktion beeinträchtigt wird.With all of these tear-off spark plugs, it is also disadvantageous that the cavity in the lower housing part is designed in such a way that the magnetic coil with the magnetic core and the leaf springs with the armature are arranged in such a way that the magnetic coil can overheat and soot the magnetic core lower part and the armature. which affects the function.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Abreisszündkerze zu schaffen, bei der der Magnetkern mit seinem Hohlraum und der in Querrichtung zur Zündkerzenachse bewegliche Anker funktionsfähiger ausgebildet sind, die Abreissbewegungen abnützungsfrei ausführbar und die Erhitzung und Verrussung verringert sind.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a tear-off spark plug in which the magnetic core with its cavity and the armature movable in the transverse direction to the spark plug axis are designed to be more functional, the tear-off movements can be carried out without wear and the heating and sooting are reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird an einer Abreisszündkerze nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 erfindungsgemäss durch die Merkmale im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Durch den relativ langen Federstab ist ein ermüdungsfreier Betrieb der Zündkerze auch bei vielen und/oder schnellen Zündfolgen gewährleistet, wobei die asymmetrische Lage des Ankers die Anzugsrichtung auf denselben - ausgehend vom Magnetkern 6 - definiert. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Kennzeichen der Unteransprüche beschrieben.This object is achieved on a tear-off spark plug according to the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1. The relatively long spring rod ensures fatigue-free operation of the spark plug even with many and / or quick firing sequences, the asymmetrical position of the armature defining the direction of attraction - starting from the magnetic core 6. Advantageous further developments are described in the characteristics of the subclaims.

Dadurch, dass der Magnetkern in Ankerrichtung eine pilzförmige Verdickung mit konisch verlaufenden Seitenflächen und einen Hohlraum aufweist, wird eine Konzentration der Magnetwirkung im Ankerbereich gewährleistet. Da der im Magnetkernhohlraum quer zur Kompressionsdruckströmung bewegliche Anker asymmetrisch in bezug auf die Achse des Magnetkernhohlraumes angeordnet ist, unterstützt der Kompressionsdruck die Abreissbewegungen. Aufgrund des Feldlinienverlaufes tritt neben der Anzugswirkung auf den über den Magnetkern hinausreichenden Anker zusätzlich eine Abstosswirkung auf. Die Abreissfolge lässt sich zudem bescheunigen und exakter ausführen, und es treten an dem langen Stab, an dem der Anker befestigt ist, keine Materialdeformationen bei den Abreissbewegungen auf.The fact that the magnetic core in the armature direction has a mushroom-shaped thickening with conical side faces and a cavity ensures a concentration of the magnetic effect in the armature region. Since the armature movable in the magnetic core cavity transverse to the compression pressure flow is arranged asymmetrically with respect to the axis of the magnetic core cavity, the compression pressure supports the tear-off movements. Because of the course of the field line, in addition to the attraction effect on the armature extending beyond the magnetic core, there is also a repulsion effect. The tear-off sequence can also be accelerated and carried out more precisely, and there are no material deformations during the tear-off movements on the long rod to which the anchor is attached.

Dadurch, dass der in den Explosionsraum hineinragende Teil des an dem Federstab angeordneten Ankers mit einer zur Achse gerichteten Ausnehmung versehen ist, wird die daran befestigte und somit bewegliche Elektrode bereits in der Abreissrichtung mit dem Explosionsdruck beaufschlagt, was die erforderliche Magnetkraft entlastet. Ausserdem lassen sich der Anker und die Elektroden bei dieser Anordnung leicht auswechseln, weil sie aus dem Kerzengehäuse hervorragen. Durch die Anordnung eines mit stufenförmigen Erweiterungen versehenen Hohlraumes im Magnetkern und durch den Freiraum mit Lüftungsöffnungen um die Magnetspule werden die Verrussung des Ankers und die Überhitzung verringert. Dies ist dann von besonderem Vorteil, wenn die Abreisszündkerze nicht bei Kolbenbrennkraftmaschinen, sondern als Zünder in verschiedensten Bereichen zum Einsatz kommt.Due to the fact that the part of the armature arranged on the spring rod protruding into the explosion space is provided with a recess directed towards the axis, the attached and thus movable electrode is already subjected to the explosion pressure in the tear-off direction, which relieves the required magnetic force. In addition, the armature and the electrodes can be easily replaced in this arrangement because they protrude from the candle housing. The sooting of the armature and overheating are reduced by the arrangement of a cavity in the magnetic core provided with step-like extensions and by the free space with ventilation openings. This is of particular advantage if the tear-off spark plug is not used in piston-type internal combustion engines, but rather as an igniter in a wide variety of areas.

Wenn eine direkte Stromzuführung vom Zündkabel zur Magnetspule oder zum Federstab erfolgt, so kann auch im oberen Teil der Abreisszündkerze die vorgesehene Isolierung entfallen, was eine kleinere Bauart ermöglicht. Es kann auch der Federstab im oberen Teil des Magnetkernes eingeschweisst werden, wenn eine direkte Stromzufuhr durch Hochspannung erfolgt.If there is a direct power supply from the ignition cable to the solenoid coil or to the spring bar, the insulation provided in the upper part of the tear-off spark plug can also be omitted, which enables a smaller design. The spring rod can also be welded into the upper part of the magnetic core if there is a direct power supply through high voltage.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand zweier Ausführungsbeispiele, die auch in den Zeichnungen dargestellt sind, näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 die erfindungsgemässe Abreisszündkerze in Ansicht,
  • Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt dazu,
  • Fig. 3 eine Stirnansicht auf die Elektrodenseite und
  • Fig. 4 den Fig. 2 entsprechenden Längsschnitt einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
The invention is described in more detail below using two exemplary embodiments, which are also shown in the drawings. Show it:
  • 1 the tear-off spark plug according to the invention in view,
  • 2 shows a longitudinal section,
  • Fig. 3 is an end view of the electrode side and
  • Fig. 4 corresponding to Fig. 2 longitudinal section of another embodiment of the invention.

Die dargestellte Abreisszündkerze umfasst ein im wesentlichen zylindrisches Gehäuse 1 mit einem Mehrkantprofil 3 aus metallischem, jedoch nicht magnetisierbarem Werkstoff, das sich nach der Einschraubseite hin verengt, sowie einem Gewindeteil 2, der in den Zylinderkopf (nicht dargestellt) einer Brennkraftmaschine oder in ein Zündsystem eingeschraubt wird, und in einem einseitig angeordneten Ansatz 27 für die Befestigung der einen Elektrode 25 endet. Die Wand des Gehäuses 1 ist von unteren und oberen Lüftungsöffnungen 7, 7' durchsetzt, die in die Freiräume 4, 8 zwischen der Magnetspule 5 und dem Gehäuse 1 münden.The tear-off spark plug shown comprises an essentially cylindrical housing 1 with a polygonal profile 3 made of metallic but non-magnetizable material that narrows towards the screw-in side, and a threaded part 2 that is screwed into the cylinder head (not shown) of an internal combustion engine or into an ignition system is, and ends in a one-sided approach 27 for fastening the one electrode 25. The wall of the housing 1 is from the bottom and through the upper ventilation openings 7, 7 ', which open into the free spaces 4, 8 between the magnet coil 5 and the housing 1.

Das Gehäuse 1 ist an seinem dem Gewindeteil abgekehrten Ende mit einem Gewinde 11 für einen Verschlussteil 22 mit Gewinde versehen, in dem eine Ausnehmung 32 für das Zündkabel 29 sowie eine Platte 14 für den elektrischen Anschluss 13 mit Isolierungen 31, 12 angeordnet sind. Im Inneren 4 des Gehäuses 1 sind eine an ihrem oberen Ende mit lsolierplatten 30 versehene und im Abstand von der Gehäuseinnenwand angeordnete Magnetspule 5, und ein Magnetkern 6 eingesetzt, der in Ankerrichtung mit einer pilzförmigen Verstärkung 9 mit konisch verlaufender Spitze 10 versehen ist, die sich auf eine Dichtung 23 abstützt. Der Magnetkern 6 weist einen mittleren Hohlraum 1 mit stufenförmigen Erweiterungen 15', 16 auf. Im Hohlraum 16 ist im Magnetspaltbereich ein über den Magnetkern hinausreichender und mit Sackbohrung versehener Anker 18 an einem Federstab 19 befestigt. Der Federstab weist an seinem Kopfteil 20 einen elektrischen Anschluss auf. Der in bezug auf die Achse des Hohlraumes 16 und des Gewindeteilhohlraumes 28 asymmetrisch angeordnete Anker 18 ist mit einer zur Achse hin offenen Ausnehmung 26 in Richtung des Explosionsraumes versehen; in der Ausnehmung 26 ist eine Elektrode 24 angeordnet. Der Anker 18 und die Elektroden 24, 25 sind auswechselbar vorgesehen. Die letzteren sind mit ihren Köpfen einander zugekehrt und stehen in Ruhestellung in Kontakt.The housing 1 is provided at its end facing away from the threaded part with a thread 11 for a closure part 22 with a thread, in which a recess 32 for the ignition cable 29 and a plate 14 for the electrical connection 13 with insulations 31, 12 are arranged. In the interior 4 of the housing 1, a magnetic coil 5 is provided at its upper end with insulating plates 30 and arranged at a distance from the inner wall of the housing, and a magnetic core 6, which is provided in the armature direction with a mushroom-shaped reinforcement 9 with a conical tip 10 that extends is supported on a seal 23. The magnetic core 6 has a central cavity 1 with step-like extensions 15 ', 16. An armature 18, which extends beyond the magnetic core and is provided with a blind bore, is fastened to a spring rod 19 in the cavity 16 in the magnetic gap region. The spring rod has an electrical connection on its head part 20. The armature 18, which is arranged asymmetrically with respect to the axis of the cavity 16 and the threaded part cavity 28, is provided with a recess 26 which is open towards the axis in the direction of the explosion space; An electrode 24 is arranged in the recess 26. The armature 18 and the electrodes 24, 25 are interchangeably provided. The latter have their heads turned towards each other and are in contact at rest.

Die Elektrode 24 weist im Längsschnitt eine Abschrägung auf, so dass der Explosionsdruck (im Falle der Verwendung in einem Verbrennungsmotor) eine zusätzliche Angriffsfläche findet, um ihr Abheben von der Elektrode 25 zu unterstützen.The electrode 24 has a bevel in longitudinal section, so that the explosion pressure (in the case of use in an internal combustion engine) finds an additional contact surface in order to support its lifting off from the electrode 25.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Zündkerze mit einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Gehäuse 1. Dieses besteht aus einem Unterteil 1' mit Lüftungsöffnungen 7, die in dem nach der Einschraubseite hin verengten Bereich des unteren Gehäuseteiles 1' angeordnet sind; einem Gewindeteil 2' und einem einseitig angeordneten Ansatz 27 mit einer Elektrode 25; sowie einem Oberteil 1" mit Lüftungsöffnungen 7' in dessen abgeflacht ausgebildeten Bereich. Am oberen freien Teil 1 ist ein Mehrkantprofil 33 mit einem Innengewinde 34 für eine ein Gewinde aufweisende Schraube 35 vorgesehen, die in der Mitte eine Ausnehmung 35' für einen elektrischen Anschluss 13 aufweist, der durch die Schraube 35 auf die Platte 14' aus elektrisch leitendem Material gedrückt wird; die Platte 14' ist zentrisch zur Achse im Hohlraum 4 des Gehäuses 1 angeordnet und durch die Isolierung 12', 30' von der Magnetspule 5 und dem Magnetkern 6 getrennt. Der Magnetkern weist in Ankerrichtung eine pilzförmige Verstärkung 9' mit konisch verlaufender Spitze 10, einen mittleren Hohlraum 15 mit stufenförmigen Erweiterungen 15', 16 und einen Dichtring 23' auf. Im Hohlraum 15 ist ein über den Magnetkern hinausreichender Anker 18, asymmetrisch in bezug auf die Achse des Hohlraumes 16, an einem Federstab 19 befestigt, der im oberen Teil des Magnetkernes 6 eingepresst oder eingeschweisst ist. Die am Anker 18 und am Ansatz 27 auswechselbar angeordneten Elektroden 24, 25 stehen in Ruhestellung mit ihren Köpfen in Kontakt. Der Federstab 19 kann, zumindest in seinem oberen, mit dem Magnetkern 6 leitend fest verbundenen Ende, kantig, z.B. vierkantig ausgebildet sein, um die Befestigung zu verbessern und ein Verdrehen um seine Achse zu verhindern.4 shows a spark plug with an essentially cylindrical housing 1. This consists of a lower part 1 'with ventilation openings 7 which are arranged in the region of the lower housing part 1' which is narrowed towards the screwing-in side; a threaded part 2 'and a shoulder 27 arranged on one side with an electrode 25; and an upper part 1 "with ventilation openings 7 'in its flattened area. On the upper free part 1 there is a polygonal profile 33 with an internal thread 34 for a screw 35 having a thread and a recess 35' in the middle for an electrical connection 13 which is pressed by the screw 35 onto the plate 14 'made of electrically conductive material; the plate 14' is arranged centrally to the axis in the cavity 4 of the housing 1 and through the insulation 12 ', 30' from the magnet coil 5 and the magnet core 6. In the armature direction, the magnetic core has a mushroom-shaped reinforcement 9 'with a conical tip 10, a central cavity 15 with step-shaped extensions 15', 16 and a sealing ring 23. 'In the cavity 15 there is an armature 18 which extends beyond the magnetic core and is asymmetrical with respect to the axis of the cavity 16, attached to a spring rod 19 which is pressed or welded in the upper part of the magnetic core 6 is. The electrodes 24, 25, which are interchangeably arranged on the armature 18 and on the extension 27, are in contact with their heads in the rest position. The spring bar 19 can, at least in its upper end, which is conductively connected to the magnetic core 6, be angular, e.g. be square to improve the attachment and prevent rotation about its axis.

Das Gehäuseunterteil 1' und das Gehäuseoberteil 1" sind durch ineinandergreifende Ausnehmungen - von einem Sicherungsring 36 überdeckt - verbunden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass das Gehäuse 1 zu Montagezwecken auseinandergenommen werden kann; es hat sich nämlich als zweckmässig erwiesen, verschiedene Teile, z.B. insbesondere die Dichtung/ Isolierung 23', unter Druck und Wärme einzupressen oder sogar mit einer Glasmatte einzuschmelzen. Auf die Isolierung zwischen Magnetkern 6 und der Spulenwicklung 5 kann verzichtet werden, wenn ein von Keramik überzogener oder ein mit einer Spezialeloxierung versehener Kupferdraht für die Spulenwicklung verwendet wird, dessen eines Ende 13' mit der Platte 14', das andere Ende 13" mit dem Magnetkern 6 in Verbindung steht.The lower housing part 1 'and the upper housing part 1 "are connected by interlocking recesses - covered by a locking ring 36. This has the advantage that the housing 1 can be taken apart for assembly purposes; namely, it has proven to be expedient to use different parts, for example in particular the seal / insulation 23 ', to be pressed in under pressure and heat or even to be melted down with a glass mat. The insulation between the magnetic core 6 and the coil winding 5 can be dispensed with if a copper wire covered with ceramic or a specially anodized copper wire is used for the coil winding , one end 13 'of which is connected to the plate 14', the other end 13 '' of the magnetic core 6.

Überraschenderweise hat es sich gezeigt, dass eine stärkere Funkenbildung resultiert (offensichtlich weil weniger Verluste auftreten), wenn der Strom aus der Magnetspule von ihrem unteren, an die Verstärkung 9' des Magnetkernes 6 grenzenden Ende direkt in diesen eingeleitet wird und von dort über den Federstab 19 und den Anker 18 auf die Elektrode 24 trifft. In Ruhestellung wird die Spannung dann über das Gehäuse 1 und z.B. das Gewinde 2' an den Motor, bzw. die Erdung abgeleitet.Surprisingly, it has been shown that a greater sparking results (obviously because fewer losses occur) when the current from the magnet coil is fed directly into the magnet from its lower end bordering on the reinforcement 9 ′ of the magnet core 6 and from there via the spring rod 19 and the armature 18 hits the electrode 24. In the rest position, the voltage is then via the housing 1 and e.g. the thread 2 'derived from the motor or the ground.

Die Wirkungsweise der Zündkerze ist folgende: Die Spannung einer üblichen Batterie wird entweder hochtransformiert oder direkt eingespeist. Je nach der Anzahl der zu betreibenden Zylinder oder Apparate ist eine entsprechende Anzahl von Thyristoren angeschlossen, die anderseits auch mit der Zündkerze in Verbindung stehen. Ein Zündverteiler oder Zeitgeber mit Zündimpulsgeber steuert die Thyristoren so, dass sie je nach der gewünschten Zündfolge die Steuerimpulse an die Zylinder bzw. Apparate abgeben. Der Zündstrom erregt den Elektromagneten und durchströmt auch die von den Elektroden gebildete Kurzschlussstrecke. Das sich aufbauende Magnetfeld erzeugt im Ankerbereich eine Magnetwirkung, wobei die Formgebung des Magnetkernfortsatzes eine Konzentration dieser Magnetwirkung gewährleistet. Neben der Anzugswirkung auf den Anker tritt aufgrund des Magnetfeldlinienverlaufes zwischen Magnetkern und Anker eine Abstosswirkung auf. Die Elektrodenköpfe werden unter Funkenbildung auseinandergerissen; dadurch wird der Stromkreislauf unterbrochen, so dass das Magnetfeld wieder zusammenfällt und die Elektrodenköpfe in die Kontaktstellung zurückkehren können. Der Ring 23' isoliert den Magnetkern 6 vom Gehäuse 1, dichtet die Freiräume 4, 8 gegen aussen ab und bilde dabei gleichzeitig einen Anschlag, bzw. eine Begrenzung für den Anker 18 beim Auseinanderreissen der Elektroden 24,25.The spark plug works as follows: The voltage of a conventional battery is either stepped up or fed directly. Depending on the number of cylinders or devices to be operated, a corresponding number of thyristors are connected, which on the other hand are also connected to the spark plug. An ignition distributor or timer with an ignition pulse generator controls the thyristors in such a way that, depending on the desired firing sequence, they emit the control pulses to the cylinders or apparatus. The ignition current excites the electromagnet and also flows through the short-circuit path formed by the electrodes. The magnetic field that builds up creates a magnetic effect in the armature region, the shape of the magnetic core extension ensuring a concentration of this magnetic effect. In addition to the attraction effect on the armature, a repulsive effect occurs due to the magnetic field line course between the magnetic core and armature. The electrode heads are torn apart to form sparks; this interrupts the circuit, so that the magnetic field collapses again and the electrode heads can return to the contact position. The ring 23 'isolates the magnetic core 6 from the housing 1, seals the free spaces 4, 8 from the outside and at the same time forms a stop or a limitation for the armature 18 when the electrodes 24, 25 are torn apart.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele. Da es möglich ist, Abreisszündkerzen für andere Motoren als für Kolbenmotoren und auch für andere Zwecke zu verwenden, kann das Gehäuse statt einer zylindrischen auch eine andere Form haben oder aus zusammengesetzten Teilen bestehen, wobei dann auch die Innenteile, bei entsprechender Ausbildung, der gewählten Form angepasst werden. Es können auch die Elektroden anders befestigt oder angeordnet sein. Auch die Freiräume können mit Isolierkörpern ganz oder teilweise ausgefüllt sein; auf die Lüftungsöffnungen kann auch verzichtet werden. Statt der Batterie kann auch ein anderer Stromerzeuger gewählt und die Stromzufuhr anders angeordnet sein. Wird der Magnetkern unter Hochspannung gesetzt, kann der Federstab in den oberen Teil des Magnetkernes eingeschweisst sein und auf die obere Isolierung verzichtet werden.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown. Since it is possible to use tear-off spark plugs for engines other than piston engines and also for other purposes, the housing can also have a different shape instead of a cylindrical one or consist of composite parts, with the inner parts then being adapted to the selected shape with the appropriate design. The electrodes can also be attached or arranged differently. The free spaces can also be completely or partially filled with insulating bodies; the ventilation openings can also be dispensed with. Instead of the battery, another power generator can also be selected and the power supply can be arranged differently. If the magnetic core is placed under high voltage, the spring bar can be welded into the upper part of the magnetic core and the upper insulation can be dispensed with.

Claims (9)

1. Make-and-break spark plug having an electromagnet in a housing (1 ), in which an ignition pulse passes through the solenoid coil (5) of this electromagnet and a short-circuit gap between electrode heads, so that the magnetic field building up in the electromagnet opens up the short-circuit gap and causes sparking, having a spring rod (19) arranged in an axial cavity (15,16) of the solenoid core (6) of the electromagnet along the longitudinal axis of the spark plug, and having an armature (18) fastened to the said rod in the magnetic field, and having a short-circuit gap formed outside the solenoid core (6) by electrode heads (24, 25), characterised in that a thicker part (9) having an axial cavity (16) - in which the magnetic effect is concentrated in the armature area - is provided on the solenoid core (6) in the armature direction, outside the solenoid coil
(5), and an armature (18) which has an electrode (24) and extends beyond the solenoid core (6), from the cavity (16) into the combustion space, is provided at the free end of the spring rod (19), and that the armature (18) is arranged asymmetrically with respect to the axis of the cavity (16).
2. Make-and-break spark plug according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spring rod (19) is fastened in the head end of the solenoid core (6), preferably in such a way that it is electrically conducting.
3. Make-and-break spark plug according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the a recess (26) which is preferably open towards the axis and has an electrode (24) is provided at the free end of the armature (18).
4. Make-and-break spark plug according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the armature (18) and the electrodes (24, 25) are designed to be replaceable.
5. Make-and-break spark plug according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the centre hole (15) of the solenoid core (6) has step-like expansions (15, 16) in the armature direction.
6. Make-and-break spark plug according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that, in order to restrict the movement of the armature (18), to insulate the solenoid core (6) from the housing (1) and to seal the free space (4) from the outside, a seal (23; 23') is provided.
7. Make-and-break spark plug according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that vents (7; 7') are provided in the - preferably radially divided - housing 41) - preferably in the lower or upper regions of the housing (1 which regions may taper.
B. Make-and-break spark plug according to any of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the solenoid coil (5) has a directly conducting connection with the ticker part (9; 9') of the solenoid core (6).
EP87101451A 1986-02-18 1987-02-03 Make-and-break spark plug Expired EP0234345B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87101451T ATE48341T1 (en) 1986-02-18 1987-02-03 BREAKABLE SPARK PLUG.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH639/86 1986-02-18
CH639/86A CH669691A5 (en) 1986-02-18 1986-02-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0234345A1 EP0234345A1 (en) 1987-09-02
EP0234345B1 true EP0234345B1 (en) 1989-11-29

Family

ID=4191697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87101451A Expired EP0234345B1 (en) 1986-02-18 1987-02-03 Make-and-break spark plug

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4850316A (en)
EP (1) EP0234345B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6324578A (en)
KR (1) KR870008418A (en)
CN (1) CN1003151B (en)
AT (1) ATE48341T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1300675C (en)
CH (1) CH669691A5 (en)
DD (1) DD259940A1 (en)
DE (2) DE3761069D1 (en)
IL (1) IL81514A0 (en)
IN (1) IN169207B (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5619959A (en) * 1994-07-19 1997-04-15 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Spark plug including magnetic field producing means for generating a variable length arc
US5555862A (en) * 1994-07-19 1996-09-17 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Spark plug including magnetic field producing means for generating a variable length arc
DE29616780U1 (en) * 1996-09-26 1998-01-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 70469 Stuttgart Rod coil for ignition systems
UA75468C2 (en) * 2004-04-07 2006-04-17 Oleksandr Vasyliovych Petrenko Ignition system of combustion engine
TW200711244A (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-16 chen-jun Liao Spark plug
DE102006043593B3 (en) * 2006-09-16 2008-04-10 Multitorch Gmbh spark plug
JP4818873B2 (en) * 2006-10-25 2011-11-16 東洋電装株式会社 Spark plug integrated multifunction ignition device
CN101916966B (en) * 2010-07-01 2012-07-25 宁波大叶园林设备有限公司 Ignition device with active receiving electrode and micro discharge electrode for internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE204545C (en) *
DE218595C (en) *
DE226382C (en) *
FR385981A (en) * 1908-01-06 1908-06-01 Carl Ebner Electromagnetic spark plug for internal combustion engines
FR390554A (en) * 1908-05-25 1908-10-09 Ernst Eisemann & Cie Spark plug with rupture for internal combustion engines
US1038701A (en) * 1911-02-21 1912-09-17 William Sibert Witter Spark-plug.
US3693607A (en) * 1971-01-11 1972-09-26 Max Pasbrig Make-and-break spark plug
US3908146A (en) * 1972-12-11 1975-09-23 Lacrex Brevetti Sa Break ignition plug and ignition device
DE2653226A1 (en) * 1976-11-23 1978-05-24 Max Pasbrig PULL-OFF PLUG
DE2951848C2 (en) * 1979-12-21 1984-11-08 Lacrex Brevetti S.A., Orselina Breakaway spark plug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH669691A5 (en) 1989-03-31
CN1003151B (en) 1989-01-25
US4850316A (en) 1989-07-25
CA1300675C (en) 1992-05-12
DE3761069D1 (en) 1990-01-04
DD259940A1 (en) 1988-09-07
KR870008418A (en) 1987-09-26
CN87100762A (en) 1987-10-14
JPS6324578A (en) 1988-02-01
DE8701819U1 (en) 1987-04-30
EP0234345A1 (en) 1987-09-02
ATE48341T1 (en) 1989-12-15
IN169207B (en) 1991-09-14
IL81514A0 (en) 1987-09-16

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