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EP0222780A1 - Convertisseur d'energie eolienne - Google Patents

Convertisseur d'energie eolienne

Info

Publication number
EP0222780A1
EP0222780A1 EP86901872A EP86901872A EP0222780A1 EP 0222780 A1 EP0222780 A1 EP 0222780A1 EP 86901872 A EP86901872 A EP 86901872A EP 86901872 A EP86901872 A EP 86901872A EP 0222780 A1 EP0222780 A1 EP 0222780A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wing
propulsion
wind energy
energy converter
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86901872A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herter Rotor Marketing Division & Co Beteiligungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Herter Rotor Marketing Division & Co Beteiligungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herter Rotor Marketing Division & Co Beteiligungs GmbH filed Critical Herter Rotor Marketing Division & Co Beteiligungs GmbH
Publication of EP0222780A1 publication Critical patent/EP0222780A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/72—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis parallel to the rotor centre line
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S416/00—Fluid reaction surfaces, i.e. impellers
    • Y10S416/08—Stack or chimney with fluid motor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind energy converter with a rotor with a vertical axis of rotation and with at least one approximately vertical propulsion wing, which is each freely pivotable on at least one rotor arm about an approximately vertical pivot axis, and with a balancing mass rigidly connected to the propulsion wing and arranged in rotation in front of the latter .
  • Wind energy converters with a vertical rotor axis of rotation are known in numerous embodiments. They offer the advantage that they are independent of the wind direction and can therefore be carried out with relatively little construction effort, since no adjustment is necessary in the event of a change in the wind direction.
  • a fundamental disadvantage of such wind energy converters is that the blowing angle of the propulsion wing changes continuously between a largest and a smallest value during each rotor revolution. This change in the blowing angle increases with lower high-speed runs.
  • the high speed number is the ratio of the wind speed to the peripheral speed of the rotor.
  • Angle of attack at the changing angle of attack leads to a considerable reduction in the efficiency of the wind energy converter, since the greatest possible propulsive force at the propulsion wing can only be achieved if the angle of attack assumes the optimum value for the respective current angle of attack.
  • Asymmetrical wing profiles which result in a higher propulsive force and thus a better efficiency of the rotor, cannot be used in the area of small high-speed runs, because the flow would be completely cut off if the change in the blowing angle were large. For this reason, only symmetrical airfoil profiles could be used in these areas, but they have poor efficiency.
  • the propulsion wings are freely pivotably mounted on the rotor arm so that they can adjust to the constantly changing blowing angle with each rotor revolution. Since the swivel axis of the propulsion wing lies approximately on the leading edge of the wing and thus in front of the center of gravity of the wing, there is one Compensating mass provided in front of the pivot axis, which cancels the influence of centrifugal force; the swivel axis lies in the overall center of mass of the body consisting of the propulsion wing and the balancing mass.
  • the centrifugal force which is dependent on the rotational speed, therefore has no influence on the angle of attack of the propulsion wing; the .
  • the angle of attack is only adjusted to a value under the effect of the attacking flow forces, which, however, does not result in an optimal propulsive force and therefore no favorable efficiency. Therefore, the drive wing of this known wind energy converter can also be designed only with a symmetrical wing profile, which likewise results in a very unfavorable efficiency.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to design a wind energy converter of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that self-starting is ensured and that a low efficiency is achieved, in particular in the case of small and medium-sized high-speed loads.
  • the propulsion wing has an asymmetrical airfoil profile and that the overall center of mass of the body consisting of the propulsion wing and the balancing mass is in the direction of rotation in front of the pivot axis.
  • the lift force acting on the asymmetrical wing profile and the aerodynamic moment are linearly dependent on the angle of attack in the area of the adjacent flow.
  • a centrifugal force acts on the propulsion wing. Since the lift, the wing moment and the centrifugal force depend on the velocities, a balance can be achieved at any speed and therefore at every blowing angle that occurs during the rotation, which can still be influenced by the displacement of the balancing mass. Even in the range of medium to small high-speed numbers, the flow is reliably prevented by detaching the angle of attack from the respective blowing conditions. This is the only way to make it possible to use asymmetrical airfoil profiles, which have a significant gain in performance compared to symmetrical profiles, since significantly higher lift coefficients are achieved with the same blowing angles.
  • the total center of gravity is at most 20% of the mean wing depth in front of the pivot axis.
  • FIG. 1 in a spatial, simplified representation of a wind energy converter
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged section along the line II - II in Fig. 1 and
  • FIG. 3 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG.
  • the wind energy converter shown in Fig. 1 carries on a mast 1 a rotor 2 with a vertical axis of rotation, which in the illustrated embodiment has two horizontal arms 3, at the end of which a propulsion flue 4 is attached.
  • the propulsion wing 4 (Fig. 2), which can be carried out in any conventional construction, for example made of fiber-reinforced plastic, metal or wood construction, is arranged vertically and is pivotally mounted in the middle on a vertical position shaft 5, which with the rotor arm 3 with - 6 -
  • a screw 6 is connected (Fig. 3).
  • the bearing shaft is supported at its two ends on a force introduction rib 7 of the propulsion wing 4.
  • the swivel axis 8 formed dadurc lies approximately on the leading edge of the propulsion wing 4 Limits 9, which are arranged at an angular distance of approximately 30 ° on both sides of the fastening end of the rotor arm 3.
  • a balancing mass 11 rigidly connected to the propelling wing 4 is arranged, which ensures that the total center of gravity 1 (highlighted in FIG. 2) of the body consisting of the propelling wing 4 and the balancing mass 11 in Direction of rotation of the rotor 2 lies in front of the pivot axis 8.
  • the size and the effective lever arm of the balancing mass are chosen so that the distance between the total mass point 12 to the pivot axis 8 is at most 20% of the mean wing depth of the propulsion wing 4.
  • the propulsion wing 4 has an asymmetrical airfoil profile, the propulsion efficiency of which is particularly favorable.
  • an elastic slot cover 13 is advantageously provided.
  • the rotor 2 can be designed with any number of drive blades 4 and rotor arms 3, for example also as a single-blade rotor. Even with small wind the rotor 2 starts up without drive aid itself. It goes without saying that the total mass of the propulsion aircraft 4 with the balancing mass 11 should be kept as low as possible in order to avoid excessive dynamic mass forces. The simple change in the position of the balancing mass 11 enables an optimal adaptation to the properties of the wing shape used in each case.
  • the pivot axis 8 can be approximately in or just behind the leading edge of the wing. Depending on the shape of the wing (e.g. negative or positive arrow), the pivot axis 8 can also be located in the middle of the propulsion wing 4 in front of or further behind the leading edge of the wing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

Un convertisseur d'énergie éolienne comprend un rotor avec un axe de rotation vertical dont chaque bras (3) porte une aile perpendiculaire de propulsion (4) librement pivotable autour d'un axe de pivotement situé à proximité du bord d'attaque de l'aile. Une masse d'équilibrage (11) est agencée dans une saillie (10) du bord d'attaque de l'aile. Le centre de gravité (12) de la masse totale du corps formé par l'aile de propulsion (4) et la masse d'équilibrage (11) se situe devant l'axe de pivotement (8) de l'aile de propulsion (4). L'aile de propulsion (4) a un profil asymétrique d'aile portante, et se place dans l'angle d'attaque optimal lors de chaque rotation du rotor. Ce convertisseur a un rendement élevé même à des vitesses de rotation moyennes et faibles et est capable de démarrer tout seul.
EP86901872A 1985-04-04 1986-03-27 Convertisseur d'energie eolienne Withdrawn EP0222780A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3512420 1985-04-04
DE3512420A DE3512420C1 (de) 1985-04-04 1985-04-04 Windenenergiekonverter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0222780A1 true EP0222780A1 (fr) 1987-05-27

Family

ID=6267352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86901872A Withdrawn EP0222780A1 (fr) 1985-04-04 1986-03-27 Convertisseur d'energie eolienne

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4799860A (fr)
EP (1) EP0222780A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62502416A (fr)
KR (1) KR880700165A (fr)
CN (1) CN1004092B (fr)
AU (1) AU5661886A (fr)
DE (1) DE3512420C1 (fr)
DK (1) DK581186D0 (fr)
ES (1) ES296635Y (fr)
WO (1) WO1986005846A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI80506C (fi) * 1987-07-21 1990-06-11 Reijo Valtonen Vindkraftstationskonstruktion.
AU631500B2 (en) * 1990-07-24 1992-11-26 Brian Kinloch Kirke Improved variable pitch vertical axis wind turbine
US5057696A (en) * 1991-01-25 1991-10-15 Wind Harvest Co., Inc. Vertical windmill with omnidirectional diffusion
USD342074S (en) 1991-07-08 1993-12-07 Burns Charles A Vertical axle windmill
GB9302648D0 (en) * 1993-02-10 1993-03-24 Farrar Austin P Wind powered turbine
DE19501036A1 (de) * 1995-01-16 1995-07-13 Richter Wolfgang Radial durchströmter Windenergie-Konverter mit vertikaler Drehachse
US6543999B1 (en) 2002-02-15 2003-04-08 James Van Polen Windmill
CN1719023B (zh) * 2005-07-27 2010-05-26 王永彰 阻力和升力复合风动力装置
US7608875B2 (en) * 2005-11-30 2009-10-27 Aptina Imaging Corporation Method and apparatus for blocking light to peripheral circuitry of an imager device
CN100360691C (zh) * 2006-03-14 2008-01-09 淄博宜龙化工有限公司 一种以淀粉和腐殖酸盐制造的球团粘合剂及其制法
DE102006044240A1 (de) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-27 Tassa Gmbh Windkraftmaschine
USD590340S1 (en) 2007-01-19 2009-04-14 Shinko Electric Co., Ltd. Wind power generator
USD641699S1 (en) 2007-01-19 2011-07-19 Shinko Electric Co., Ltd. Wind power generator
CN102562442B (zh) * 2012-02-07 2015-09-16 秦皇岛风日和科技有限公司 垂直轴风力发电机叶片
RU2599097C2 (ru) * 2014-04-02 2016-10-10 Микаил Гаджимагомедович Вердиев Преобразователь энергии движущейся среды
CN105275749B (zh) * 2015-11-15 2017-11-24 吉林大学 一种立式摆动风力发电装置

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR530231A (fr) * 1921-01-27 1921-12-17 Moteur à vent
FR1341652A (fr) * 1962-09-20 1963-11-02 Turbine et bateau à turbine à vent
FR2298706A1 (fr) * 1975-01-22 1976-08-20 Sicard Charles Dispositif tournant actionne par un fluide en mouvement
US4105363A (en) * 1976-06-14 1978-08-08 Loth John Lodewyk Overspeed control arrangement for vertical axis wind turbines
CH598489A5 (en) * 1976-07-16 1978-04-28 Donax Sa Vertical axis windmill with balanced vanes
FR2392249A1 (fr) * 1977-05-23 1978-12-22 Monserie Philippe Eolienne omnidirectionnelle a action multiple
CA1045038A (fr) * 1977-06-06 1978-12-26 James Cameron Turbine de soufflerie a axe vertical
GB1599653A (en) * 1977-07-20 1981-10-07 Evans F C Form of windmill
DE2816026A1 (de) * 1978-04-13 1979-10-25 Univ Gakko Hojin Tokai Windkraftmaschine mit vertikaler achse
FR2481756A1 (fr) * 1979-11-21 1981-11-06 Courcel Daniel Dispositifs de regulation automatique et de protection des pales du rotor d'aerogenerateurs a axes verticaux
US4334823A (en) * 1980-12-16 1982-06-15 Sharp Peter A Wind or fluid current turbine
US4415312A (en) * 1982-03-11 1983-11-15 Wixlin, Inc. Transverse axis fluid turbine
FR2541733A1 (fr) * 1982-05-26 1984-08-31 Marie Jean Pales mobiles pour demarrage automatique des " panemones " type " darrieus " et eoliennes s'appliquant a ce procede
DE3304944C2 (de) * 1983-02-12 1986-03-13 Erich Herter Windturbine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8605846A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR880700165A (ko) 1988-02-20
DE3512420C1 (de) 1986-09-11
ES296635U (es) 1988-10-16
DK581186A (da) 1986-12-03
CN86103147A (zh) 1987-05-13
CN1004092B (zh) 1989-05-03
US4799860A (en) 1989-01-24
WO1986005846A1 (fr) 1986-10-09
AU5661886A (en) 1986-10-23
JPS62502416A (ja) 1987-09-17
ES296635Y (es) 1989-04-16
DK581186D0 (da) 1986-12-03

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Inventor name: MARTIN, MICHAEL