EP0291845B1 - Projectile with core and jacket - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a sabot projectile according to the preamble of the claim.

Such a sabot projectile is described in CH-A 670 882.

It is known (see EP-A 0 073 385) to use a bullet core made of tungsten for such bullets. In particular, so-called frangible tungsten is used, whose compressive strength is 10-20ma) greater than its tensile strength. Such a core made of tungsten with a very small elongation (almost zero) cannot be fired from cannons with a high cadence in the conventional way, since there is a risk that the projectile core will break when the projectile is fed to the firearm. When the projectile is fed to the weapon, in particular when the projectile is inserted into the weapon barrel, great retarding forces arise which generate tensile stresses in the projectile core. The core can be destroyed prematurely by these tensile stresses.

An explosive device is also known (see CH-A 305 149) with fragments embedded in a binding mass, in which the part containing the splinters is at least partially tensioned by an elastically tensioned mechanical means. The part containing the splinters is preferably a cylindrical hollow body, which is also biased by a tie rod. This hollow body has two mutually parallel end faces at its two ends, on which the tie rod acts to generate a prestress.

GB-A 2 113 810 (Rheinmetall) describes an armor-piercing projectile, the core of which is essentially cylindrical. The front part, behind which the main part of the core is located, contains a number of elements which increase their diameter when the projectile hits the target and then have a larger diameter than the front part.

These elements have a conical recess opening towards the front when viewed in the firing direction. If these elements consist of brittle material, the risk of premature disintegration would only be increased and not reduced by a compressive stress.

FR-A 2 202 275 (Dynamit Nobel) describes a process for the production of hard core bullets. This bullet has a core of sintered powder, which is surrounded by a bullet jacket. The powder is introduced into a cladding tube and, together with it, compacted by explosion compression to form a sheathed projectile body. This body is then heat-treated and, according to the arrangement of a stopper 3 and 4, brought to the specified projectile mass at its front and rear ends by non-cutting and / or machining.

This French patent does not suggest the idea of producing hard core bullets of great brittleness and holding them together by axial compressive stress.

It has now been shown that with parallel end faces there is a risk that the cylindrical hollow body will break due to the prestress.

The object which is to be achieved with the present invention is to create a projectile body which can withstand great tension without the risk of it breaking under the effect of this bias.

The sabot projectile according to the invention with which this object is achieved has the features of the characterizing part of the patent claim.

• Durch die kegelförmigen Stirnflächen an beiden Enden des mittleren Teiles entsteht beim Auftreffen und Eindringen des Geschosses in ein Ziel eine Fokussierung der Druck- und Schockwellen, daraus ergibt sich eine erhöhte Durchschlagsleistung bei leicht gepanzerten Zielen, ein verzögertes Zerbrechen des zerbrechlichen Kernmittelteiles und somit eine grössere Tiefenwirkung, d.h. grösseres Zerstörungsvolumen bei ungepanzerten Zielen und eine zusätzliche Verbesserung der Zentrierung des Mittelteiles beim Zusammensetzen der drei Teile.

This design of the storey core has the following advantages:

• Due to the conical end faces at both ends of the middle part, when the bullet hits and penetrates into a target, the pressure and shock waves focus, resulting in increased penetration performance with slightly armored targets, a delayed breaking of the fragile core middle part and thus a greater depth effect , ie greater destruction volume in the case of unarmored targets and an additional improvement in the centering of the middle part when assembling the three parts.

• Fig.1 einen Längsschnitt durch das erfindungsgemässe Geschoss;
• Fig.2 einen Längsschnitt durch einen Geschosskern gemäss einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
• Fig.3 einen Längsschnitt durch einen Geschosskern gemäss einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel; und
• Fig.4 einen Längsschnitt durch einen Geschosskern gemäss einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel.

Various exemplary embodiments of the projectile according to the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. It shows:

• 1 shows a longitudinal section through the projectile according to the invention;
• 2 shows a longitudinal section through a projectile core according to a second embodiment;
• 3 shows a longitudinal section through a projectile core according to a third embodiment; and
• 4 shows a longitudinal section through a projectile core according to a fourth embodiment.

1, the projectile 10 according to the invention has a projectile core 11. This projectile core 11 consists of three parts 12, 13 and 14, which are held together by a tie rod 15. This tie rod 15 is screwed into the projectile core tip 12 at the front and into the projectile core rear 14 at the rear, the three parts 12, 13 and 14 being able to be pressed against one another in such a way that the essentially cylindrical central part 13 is under prestress. The two end faces 43, 44 of the essentially cylindrical middle part 13, against which the other two parts 12 and 14, ie the tip 12 and the rear 14 of the projectile core 11, are conical, the cone tip angle a being less than 180 °. The end faces 45, 46 of the other two parts 12 and 14, which abut these end faces 43, 44 of the middle part 13, are also conical, the cone angle ß being greater than 180 _° . These two cone angles a and ß add up to 360 _° , as can be seen from the drawing.

The projectile core 11 is in an annular sabot tail 16. To attach the Ge Lap core 11 in the sabot rear 16 there are two circumferential grooves 17 in the projectile core 14, into which a number of cams 18 of the sabot rear 16 project evenly around the circumference. A predetermined breaking point 20 is formed on the sabot rear end 16 by an inner circumferential groove 19. Above this predetermined breaking point 20, the sabot rear 16 has a number of tongues 21, on each of which two cams 18 are located. When the projectile 10 is fired, the projectile core 11 can be supported on a conical surface 22 of the sabot rear 16. A sabot jacket 23 is also attached to the sabot rear end 16, onto which a sabot cover 24 is placed.

The sabot thus consists of a sabot rear 16, a sabot jacket 23 and a sabot cover 24. However, this sabot is not the subject of the invention and is therefore not to be explained in more detail here.

The following materials are preferably used for the individual parts of the floor:

Frangible tungsten, in which the compressive strength is 10-20 times higher than the tensile strength, is preferably used for the middle part 13. Therefore, this middle part 13 must be protected against tensile stresses when the projectile is fired by the aforementioned pretension under the action of the tie rod 15.

Steel or a tungsten alloy is suitable for the projectile core tail 14.

Steel, titanium, zirconium or a tungsten alloy is suitable for the projectile core tip 12.

Plastic is suitable for the sabot hood 24.

Plastic is also used for the sabot jacket 23.

Only light metal is suitable for the sabot rear 16.

The tie rod 15 is preferably made of steel.

According to FIG. 1, this tie rod 15 has a thread 25 at both ends and is screwed into a corresponding hole in the core tail and the core tip 12.

According to Figure 2, the tie rod 27 is made in one piece with the projectile core tip 28 and screwed into a through hole 29 of the projectile core rear 30. According to FIG. 3, the tie rod 31 has a thread at both ends, is screwed into a bore 33 of the projectile core tip 34 at the front and projects into the projectile core tail 35 at the rear. A lock nut 36 is screwed onto the rear thread 32 of the tie rod 31 and enables press the three parts 34, 35 and 37 together and put the middle part under tension.

4, the tie rod 38 is welded to the projectile tip 39 and projects with its rear end into a bore in the rear end of the projectile core 40. The rear end of the tie rod 38 is deformed or caulked to form a rivet head 41, with a preload in the middle part also in this exemplary embodiment 42 of the storey core is possible.

Claims (1)

1. Sabot projectile (10), including

   - a projectile core (11);

   - a sabot jacket (23), which encapsules the projectile core (11);

   - a sabot rear (16), attached to the rear end of the sabot jacket (23);

   - a sabot hood (24), attached to the front end of the sabot jacket (23);

   - whereby the projectile core (11) consists of three sections, which are made of different materials;

   - one of these three sections (12, 13, 14) forming the middle section (13), which is made ot a very easily breakable material;

   - a tension means (15), which extends through the middle section (13) and connects the three sections (12, 13, 14) to one another;

   - whereby the middle section (13) is pre-tensioned by the tension means;

   - by pretensioning the middle section (13), premature disintegration of the middle section (13) is prevented, which is tensioned between the other sections (12, 14);

   - the other two sections (12, 14) are formed by a projectile-core tip (12) and a projectile-core rear (14),
   characterised in that

   -the middle section (13) has two substantially conical end surfaces (43, 44) with each a cone-tip angle (a) of less than 180°;

   - whereby the projectile-core tip (12) abuts against the one conical end surface (44), and the projectile-core rear (14) against the other conical end surface (43) of the middle section (13), and

   - the projectile-core tip (12) has an also substantially conical end, surface (46) with a cone-tip angle (ß) of more than 180°, which abuts against the end surface (44) of the middle section (13), the projectile-core rear (14) has an also substantially conical end surface (45) with a cone-tip angle (ß) of more than 180_°, which abuts against the other end surface (43) of the middle section (13), and the cone-tip angle (a) of the middle section (13) as well as the cone-tip angle (p) of the other two sections (12, 14) complement one another to 360_° (a + ß = 360_°).

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