EP0290711B2 - Verfahren zur Konzentrationsmessung an Gasgemischen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Konzentrationsmessung an Gasgemischen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0290711B2 EP0290711B2 EP87890178A EP87890178A EP0290711B2 EP 0290711 B2 EP0290711 B2 EP 0290711B2 EP 87890178 A EP87890178 A EP 87890178A EP 87890178 A EP87890178 A EP 87890178A EP 0290711 B2 EP0290711 B2 EP 0290711B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ions
- primary ions
- separate determination
- internal energy
- primary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000033962 Fontaine progeroid syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000752 ionisation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010223 real-time analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
- H01J49/062—Ion guides
- H01J49/063—Multipole ion guides, e.g. quadrupoles, hexapoles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/10—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J49/14—Ion sources; Ion guns using particle bombardment, e.g. ionisation chambers
- H01J49/145—Ion sources; Ion guns using particle bombardment, e.g. ionisation chambers using chemical ionisation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/24—Nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance or other spin effects or mass spectrometry
Definitions
- the invention relates to a concentration determination method for individual types of molecules in gas mixtures, wherein the gas mixture to be examined is subjected to a selective pretreatment and then the product of this pretreatment is examined by mass spectrometry.
- the object of the present invention is a method of the aforementioned Art to improve so that the disadvantages of the known arrangements are avoided and in particular the concentration of individual types of molecules of the same molecular mass in the investigated in a simple manner Gas mixtures without being dependent on the measurement or the preparation of the gas mixture for measurement large delays can be determined.
- the selective pretreatment of the gas mixture to be examined is therefore directly communicable by ionization with primary ions of certain internal energy (ionization potential) with limited translational impact energy carried out with which the disadvantages of the initially described GCMS systems can be avoided and the concentrations of molecules in a simple and fast manner same molecular mass can be determined separately.
- AT-A-1680/86 (corresponds to AT-B-384 491) relates in this context a method in which the primary ions of an electron impact ion source with a below 2 eV Energy enters an evacuated reaction chamber and there molecules of a gas mixture to be analyzed ionize which secondary ions are subsequently detected by mass spectrography.
- a an octopole system connected to the ion source generates a high-frequency field which emits the ion beams prevents divergence. Used to examine the beam coming from the reaction chamber a quadrupole mass spectrometer.
- EP-A-290 712 which is also prior art under Article 54 (3), describes a similar one Process according to which selective, fragment-free ionization in the reaction chamber - i.e. the generation of a certain type of product ions with the greatest possible efficiency - only small kinetic energies in the Center of gravity ion / molecule allowed.
- CH 3 OH + e - becomes: C + ; CH 3 + , CH 2 + , CH + ; OH + , O + ; CH 3 OH + Out C 2 H 5 OH + e - becomes: C + ; CH 3 + , CH 2 + , CH + ; OH + ; O + ; CH 3 OH + ; C 2 H 5 OH +
- the present invention is based on the knowledge that by selecting a primary ion type whose ionization potential (internal energy) is only slightly above that of the species to be ionized, the neutral molecules can be converted into ions without being ionized in fragments. For example, CH 3 OH + Xe + only CH 3 OH + + Xe or off C 2 H 5 OH + Xe + only C 2 H 5 OH + + Xe
- the primary ions used an internal energy have, which is slightly, preferably ⁇ 2eV, above that for producing a production below simultaneous H-abstraction is required.
- the primary ions used have an internal energy in the range from 4.5 to 6.8 eV.
- the probabilities of possible interference become with hydrocarbon compounds of the same molecular mass always larger, so that Identification of the molecules by the characteristic isotope distributions with the number of atoms in the molecule is becoming increasingly difficult.
- the organometallic compounds whose ionization energies are in this range ionize without simultaneous Ionization of the hydrocarbon compounds, so that a simple mass spectrometric detection becomes possible.
- krypton + ions can be used as primary ions, which optimally meet the stated requirements for internal energy.
- xenon + ions can be used as primary ions for the separate determination of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide.
- the device has an ion source 1 of any type which is not of interest here, the essential specification of which in the present context is that the primary ions generated and emerging in the direction z from the ion source have an internal energy of slightly, preferably 2 2 eV , above which are required for the production of the respective molecular species of interest, and which have a translational impact energy of such magnitude in the respective primary ion / molecule focus system that the kinetic effect on ionization is negligible compared to the influence of internal energy, preferably a translational impact energy below of 10 eV.
- a closed electron impact ion source can be used, through which a primary gas A flows. This is accomplished by electrons in processes e - 2 e + A ⁇ A + + - ionized, which primary ions A + are available.
- reaction space 2 adjoining the ion source 1 and one in the main direction of movement z of the primary ions supplied by the ion source 1 to the reaction chamber 2 adjoining mass spectrometer arrangement 3 - preferably a quadrupole mass spectrometer - is provided.
- Reaction chamber 2 to which the gas mixture to be examined can be fed via a connection 4 of an octopole arrangement 5 with one acting perpendicular to the main direction of movement z of the primary ions
- High-frequency 8-pole field surround which is used for collecting, holding or guiding the very low Serves primary ions having kinetic energy.
- the in the mass spectrometer arrangement 3 or in corresponding quadrupole on known, not interesting, selected productions to an ion sensor 6, which can also be of a known or customary type and whose function and Effectiveness not interested here.
- a pump for at least largely evacuating the reaction space 2 is designated by 10; of the For the sake of simplicity of presentation there are various others, partly for the function of the arrangement in the In normal operation, essential additional devices, such as diaphragms or lenses for the ion beam or others Vacuum pumps and seals and the like are not drawn as they are related to the present Invention are of minor importance.
- the octopole arrangement 5 is here in the longitudinal direction - that is, in the main direction of movement, from the ion source 1 primary ions emerging in a beam - in three individual areas that are electrically isolated from each other 7, 8, 9 divided, which - seen from the ion source 1 to the mass spectrometer arrangement 3 - on each compared to the previous range increasing negative DC potential.
- the radial guide field generated by the RF potential which contains the ions in the Holds the interior of the octopole arrangement 5, generates an E-field in the axial direction, which for a quick and complete Removal of the productions in the direction of the mass spectrometer ensures and thus a enables fast analysis with high accuracy.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Description
CO2 + e-: CO2 +, O2 +, CO+, O+ und C+.
Aus
CO + e- wird : CO+, C+ und O+.
Aus
O2 + e- wird : O2 +, O+.
CH3OH + e- wird : C+ ; CH3 +, CH2 +, CH+ ; OH+, O+; CH3OH+
Aus
C2H5OH + e- wird : C+ ; CH3 +, CH2 +, CH+ ; OH+ ; O+; CH3OH+ ; C2H5OH+
CH3OH + Xe+ nur CH3OH+ + Xe
bzw. aus
C2H5OH + Xe+ nur C2H5OH+ + Xe
mit Berücksichtigung von Bildungsenthalpien ΔHf in kcal (1 eV 23,06 kcal)
Studium schnell ablaufender chemischer Reaktionen zur Aufklärung der Reaktionskinetik ;
Messung kurzlebiger metastabiler Zwischenprodukte und Radikale bei chemischen Umsetzungen bzw. katalytisch arbeitenden Medien.
Claims (6)
- Konzentrationsbestimmung verfahren von Molekülen gleicher molekularer Masse in Gasgemischen, wobeidas zu untersuchende Gasgemisch zur selektiven Vorbehandlung unter Einzelstoßbedingungen im zumindest weitgehenden Vakuum mittels Primärionen ionisiert wird, wobeidie verwendeten Primärioneneine innere Energie von geringfügig, vorzugsweise ≤ 2 eV, über der zur Erzeugung von die jeweils interessierende Molekülart repräsentierenden Produktionen Erforderlichen, undim jeweiligen Schwerpunktsystem eine translatorische Stoßenergie von solcher Größe aufweisen, daß der kinetische Effekt auf die Ionisation gegenüber dem Einfluß der inneren Energie vernachlässigbar ist, vorzugsweise eine Stoßenergie unterhalb von 10 eV, und wobeidie massenspektrometrische Untersuchung an den so vorbehandelten Produktionen vorgenommen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur getrennten Bestimmung von Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen die verwendeten Primärionen eine innere Energie aufweisen, welche geringfügig, vorzugsweise ≤ 2 eV, über der zur Erzeugung eines Produktions unter gleichzeitiger H-Abstraktion Erforderlichen liegt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur getrennten Bestimmung von metallorganischen Verbindungen die verwendeten Primärionen eine innere Energie im Bereich von 4,5-6,8 eV aufweisen.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur getrennten Bestimmung von Sauerstoff (O2) und Methylalkohol (CH3CH) Krypton+ (Kr)-Ionen als Primärionen verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur getrennten Bestimmung von Stickstoffmonoxid (NC) und Formaldehyd (CH2O) Krypton+(Kr)-Ionen als Primärionen verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur getrennten Bestimmung von Distickstoffmonoxid (N2O) und Koniendioxid (CO2) Xenon- (Xe)-Ionen als Primärionen verwendet werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0122687A AT404882B (de) | 1987-05-14 | 1987-05-14 | Verfahren und einrichtung zur konzentrationsmessung an gasgemischen |
| AT1226/87 | 1987-05-14 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0290711A1 EP0290711A1 (de) | 1988-11-17 |
| EP0290711B1 EP0290711B1 (de) | 1991-05-02 |
| EP0290711B2 true EP0290711B2 (de) | 1998-07-15 |
Family
ID=3509337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87890178A Expired - Lifetime EP0290711B2 (de) | 1987-05-14 | 1987-07-20 | Verfahren zur Konzentrationsmessung an Gasgemischen |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4975576A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0290711B2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH0821364B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | AT404882B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3769792D1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1988009052A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0647847A1 (de) * | 1993-09-14 | 1995-04-12 | Elpatronic Ag | Verwendung eines Massenspektrometers mit Sekundärionisation zur Inspektion von Behältern |
| US5670378A (en) * | 1995-02-23 | 1997-09-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Method for trace oxygen detection |
| DE19607155A1 (de) * | 1996-02-26 | 1997-09-04 | Atomika Instr Gmbh | Verfahren zur simultanen Erzeugung mehrerer Ionensorten mit unterschiedlichen Ionisierungspotentialen |
| US5767513A (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 1998-06-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | High temperature octopole ion guide with coaxially heated rods |
| US6239429B1 (en) | 1998-10-26 | 2001-05-29 | Mks Instruments, Inc. | Quadrupole mass spectrometer assembly |
| AT413081B (de) * | 2000-03-03 | 2005-11-15 | V & F Analyse & Messtechnik | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überführung realer, reaktiver gasgemische in einen stabilen, inerten gaszustand |
| US6902938B1 (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2005-06-07 | Jeol Usa, Inc. | Chemical analysis method for multiplexed samples |
| DE50015353D1 (de) * | 2000-12-15 | 2008-10-23 | V & F Analyse Und Mestechnik G | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beurteilung des Zustandes von Organismen und Naturprodukten sowie zur Analyse einer gasförmigen Mischung mit Haupt- und Nebenkomponenten |
| WO2010009411A2 (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-01-21 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Hydrocarbon determination in presence of electron and chemical ionization |
| EP2421024A1 (de) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-02-22 | Ionicon Analytik Gesellschaft m.b.h. | Ionisierungsverfahren für ein Universalgasanalysegerät |
| EP3418714A1 (de) | 2017-06-19 | 2018-12-26 | V&F Analyse- und Messtechnik GmbH | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur partiellen überführung einer mehrere komponenten umfassende flüssigkeitsprobe, und verfahren zur online bestimmung und analyse dieser komponenten |
| EP3474311A1 (de) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-24 | Tofwerk AG | Ionenmolekülreaktor |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3555272A (en) * | 1968-03-14 | 1971-01-12 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for chemical ionization for intended use in mass spectrometry and the like |
| DE2028805C3 (de) * | 1970-06-11 | 1974-05-22 | Franklin Gno Corp., West Palm Beach, Fla. (V.St.A.) | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Feststellen eines Gasbestandteils |
| US4005291A (en) * | 1972-01-04 | 1977-01-25 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Ionization method for mass spectrometry |
| US4234791A (en) * | 1978-11-13 | 1980-11-18 | Research Corporation | Tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer for selected ion fragmentation studies and low energy collision induced dissociator therefor |
| US4378499A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1983-03-29 | The Bendix Corporation | Chemical conversion for ion mobility detectors using surface interactions |
-
1987
- 1987-05-14 AT AT0122687A patent/AT404882B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-20 EP EP87890178A patent/EP0290711B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-20 DE DE8787890178T patent/DE3769792D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-05-04 JP JP63503794A patent/JPH0821364B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-04 WO PCT/AT1988/000026 patent/WO1988009052A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1988-05-04 US US07/313,977 patent/US4975576A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA122687A (de) | 1990-02-15 |
| JPH0821364B2 (ja) | 1996-03-04 |
| JPH01503503A (ja) | 1989-11-22 |
| DE3769792D1 (de) | 1991-06-06 |
| WO1988009052A1 (fr) | 1988-11-17 |
| AT404882B (de) | 1999-03-25 |
| EP0290711A1 (de) | 1988-11-17 |
| EP0290711B1 (de) | 1991-05-02 |
| US4975576A (en) | 1990-12-04 |
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