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EP0269871B1 - Flooring material - Google Patents

Flooring material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0269871B1
EP0269871B1 EP87115944A EP87115944A EP0269871B1 EP 0269871 B1 EP0269871 B1 EP 0269871B1 EP 87115944 A EP87115944 A EP 87115944A EP 87115944 A EP87115944 A EP 87115944A EP 0269871 B1 EP0269871 B1 EP 0269871B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor covering
covering according
upper plate
lower plate
welded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87115944A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0269871A2 (en
EP0269871A3 (en
Inventor
Helmut Mögel
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19873712881 external-priority patent/DE3712881A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19873719443 external-priority patent/DE3719443A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT87115944T priority Critical patent/ATE60817T1/en
Publication of EP0269871A2 publication Critical patent/EP0269871A2/en
Publication of EP0269871A3 publication Critical patent/EP0269871A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0269871B1 publication Critical patent/EP0269871B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a floor covering for industrial halls, in particular for large-area warehouses, which can be placed on a preformed substrate, preferably made of concrete.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a floor covering for industrial halls which, on the one hand, can be subjected to high loads by vehicles, machines and stored goods and, on the other hand, ensures reliable protection against unwanted escape of environmentally hazardous liquids into the underground.
  • the double-walled covering element according to the invention contains a gap space filled with a dimensionally stable but nevertheless air-permeable spacer material, which can be closed airtight and connected to a leak monitoring device.
  • the top and bottom plate of the covering element can consist of low and high-alloy steel or other chemical-resistant alloys and compounds, such as tombac or - with a correspondingly low load - also of welded plastic sheets.
  • a metal grid, in particular expanded metal, is particularly suitable as a dimensionally stable spacer material that should be resilient to pressure but still permeable to air.
  • the latter is a stamped sheet metal, in which, in the course of the stamping process, openings are punched in and metal bends are carried out. The result is a mesh-like, three-dimensional structure with high pressure resistance.
  • the covering plates are advantageously fastened by means of steel straps, which are either doweled to the base or embedded in the base during manufacture of the concrete base.
  • the bottom plate of the covering elements is welded onto the retaining band either point by point or with a continuous weld seam. If two adjacent sub-plates are butt welded together, they can be welded to the strap at the same time. A further possibility is that first the one lower plate is welded onto the holding band and then the other is welded overlapping.
  • the sub-plates are expediently fastened to the tether using the so-called island method; short strips are welded at intervals and alternately in order to minimize thermal expansion and tension.
  • additional retaining straps can be arranged under the base plate, which are welded to the base plate by means of bores.
  • a vapor barrier layer for example in the form of tar-tipped insulation cardboard, is expediently placed between the base and the base plate.
  • the lower plate is loosely covered with the expanded metal sheet.
  • the top plate is then placed on the expanded metal sheet and preferably with the bottom plate in the pilgrimage step process tightly welded.
  • several covering elements are used, the gap spaces of which are separated from one another by vacuum and can be connected to one another by lines for the purpose of leak monitoring and leak detection.
  • U-shaped pipe sections are expediently used, which can be connected to adjacent connecting pieces of two covering elements.
  • a slight inclination is expediently provided in the floor covering, which ends in a sump from which any outflowing liquids can be better pumped out.
  • the sump can also be lined with the vacuum-monitored double jacket.
  • Pits e.g. Work pits in industrial plants, or channels, for example for receiving train tracks, are provided, which are also lined with the leak-monitored double wall.
  • the pits or channels form a collecting area for escaping chemical liquids and are dimensioned such that, for example, the contents of a tank car to be unloaded there can be collected.
  • Bolts or nuts can be welded to the top plate to fasten machines and devices to the floor covering.
  • mounting plates are welded on, which in turn can carry mounting bolts or nuts. It is important that the double-walled floor covering is not drilled through during assembly.
  • the double-walled flooring can be prefabricated element by element.
  • elements that are open on one side are expediently prefabricated, which are welded closed with an overlap plate or a cover strip.
  • individual channel or pit areas can also be prefabricated and then assembled.
  • edges of the covering elements adjacent to the wall can be bent upwards by 90 ° and fastened to the wall by means of suitable angle pieces.
  • the gap spaces of the floor covering can be evacuated via a suction connection and connected to a manometer of the leak monitoring device via a measuring line.
  • the suction line is expediently connected near the lowest point and the measuring line near the highest point of the gap area.
  • a liquid barrier can be arranged in the suction line, which ensures that any suctioned liquid cannot reach the monitoring device.
  • detonation protection devices can be arranged in the suction line and / or the measuring line, which prevent a flame from passing from one area to the other.
  • a closable filling and / or test nozzle for filling in test gas and / or for testing the entire system can be arranged at a point in the gap space remote from the measuring line connection.
  • the gap can, for example, be charged with an inert gas such as nitrogen to check for leaks or be flooded with it prior to evacuation for the purpose of reducing corrosion.
  • the gap spaces of individual covering elements can be separately connected to the leak monitoring device and their tightness can be checked for leak detection.
  • the same result can be achieved if the gap spaces of the individual covering elements are uncoupled one after the other and the subspaces formed in this way are connected to the leak monitoring device and their tightness is checked. In this way, the leak or the leak area can be located relatively quickly even in large industrial halls.
  • the elements 11 of a floor covering shown in the drawing essentially consist of an upper plate 1 and a lower plate 2, between which a spacer layer 3 is arranged.
  • the top and bottom plates 1, 2 are expediently made of a thick-walled steel sheet, while the spacer layer 3 consists of expanded metal.
  • the expanded metal 3 has a mesh-like, three-dimensional structure with a high transverse load capacity. Due to breakthroughs and metal bending, the expanded metal 3 is permeable to air, so that between the two plates 1 and 2 a coherent gap space 8 is formed, which can either be evacuated or filled with gas.
  • the floor covering can be welded with its lower plate 2 to steel straps 4, which in turn can be fastened to the preformed concrete base 5 by means of screws 6, 7.
  • the evacuable gap space 8 can be connected to a leak monitoring device 17 via a measuring line 16.
  • FIG. 2 it can be seen how two adjacent covering elements 11 of the floor covering are connected to one another at their joints and fastened to the substrate 5.
  • the fastening screws 6, 7 penetrate the retaining band 4 off-center, either offset or parallel. This leaves a central path that is not damaged by screw holes that could later give rise to leaks.
  • the lower plates 2 of the two covering elements 11 are butt welded together and welded to the holding band 4 with the same weld seam.
  • the expanded metal sheets 3 are placed on the sub-plates 2 fastened to the base 5 in this way.
  • the top plate 11 shown on the left in FIG. 2 is first placed thereon and tightly welded at its edge with a continuous weld seam 14 to the bottom plate 2 underneath.
  • the expanded metal sheet 3 in question is also welded on.
  • a plurality of covering elements 11 are connected to one another at joints 20.
  • the covering elements 11 are double-walled in the manner described above and enclose between their top and bottom plates 1, 2 a spacer layer 3 made of expanded metal and a gap space 8.
  • the gap spaces 8 are connected to one another at the connecting pieces by means of U-shaped pipe pieces 12.
  • One of the covering elements contains a depression designed as a pump sump 23, the walls 24 and bottom 25 of which are also double-walled and have an evacuable gap space 8.
  • the edges of the fitting elements are bent upwards by 90 ° and in this way form a tub edge 26 of, for example, 10 to 40 cm high.
  • the upper edge 28 of the tub rim 26 is overlapped by a drain plate 29 fastened to the side wall 27, so that a liquid flowing down the wall does not get into the space 30 between the covering and the wall but onto the monitored floor covering.
  • a tar-coated insulation cardboard 40 prevents vapor diffusion from taking place in the floor covering 5.
  • the gap space 8 of the floor covering is connected via a suction line 31 and a measuring line 16 to a leak monitoring device 17 containing a vacuum measuring device 32.
  • the suction line connection 33 is in the vicinity of the lowest point of the floor covering, while the measuring line 16 is connected to the highest point 34 of the gap space 8.
  • a liquid barrier 35 In the suction line 31 there is a liquid barrier 35, with which liquid is avoided in the event of a leak.
  • a filler and test nozzle 37 is arranged on the upturned tub edge 26 of the floor covering, which can be closed by means of a ball valve 38 and which can be acted upon by an inert gas, for example nitrogen, for leakage control of the entire covering.
  • an inert gas for example nitrogen
  • bolts 41 or nuts can be welded onto the top plate 1.
  • mounting plates 42 which in turn carry mounting bolts 43 or nuts.
  • the top plate 1 can also be designed as a sandwich plate, which is provided with a plastic pad 44.
  • This plastic layer can be painted, welded, glued or poured on.
  • an industrial floor 44, a synthetic resin coating or a paint can be applied to the floor.
  • the industrial floor can be made, for example, on a cement or synthetic resin cement basis.
  • the coating should in particular be chemically inactive and should prevent the formation of sparks, as can occur, for example, when driving with forklifts when grinding the forks on a metal surface or when handling steel sheet containers due to friction on a metal surface.
  • the floor covering described is used in particular in industrial and storage halls, in which explosion protection must also be ensured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Noodles (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The floor covering according to the invention is intended for industrial warehouses, especially large-area storage depots, and is intended, on the one hand, to be capable of supporting high loads from vehicles, machines and stock and, on the other hand, to guarantee reliable protection against the undesirable escape of environmentally harmful fluids into the ground (5). It consists of a plurality of covering elements (11) which can be welded together and which have an upper board (1), a lower board (2) and a gap (8) arranged between these two boards and of a width defined by a layer of expanded metal (3). The gaps (8) can be evacuated and are connected via a measuring line (16) to a leakage monitoring unit (17). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Bodenbelag für Industrie­hallen, insbesondere für großflächige Lagerhallen, der auf einen vorgeformten, vorzugsweise aus Beton bestehen­den Untergrund auflegbar ist.The invention relates to a floor covering for industrial halls, in particular for large-area warehouses, which can be placed on a preformed substrate, preferably made of concrete.

Die Verschmutzung von Grundwasser und die daraus folgen­de Gefährdung des Trinkwassers durch Chemikalien, ins­besondere durch chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe, ist in den letzten Jahren in großem Umfang offenkundig geworden. Die Lagerung derartiger Chemikalien erfordert besonders sorgfältige Vorsichts- und Überwachungsmaßnahmen, weil es erfahrungsgemäß hier häufig zu Schadensfällen durch Lecks oder Unfälle kommt. Es wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, die Lagerböden wannenartig auszugestalten und hierfür Stahlkonstruktionen oder Beton mit geeigneter Ober­flächenbeschichtung zu verwenden. Auch Füllanlagen für umweltgefährdende Flüssigkeiten müssen in die Sicherung durch die Auffangwanne einbezogen werden. Entsprechendes gilt für den Umschlag derartiger Produkte. Die DE-A-3230 437 offenbart derartige Füllanlagen.The pollution of groundwater and the consequent danger to drinking water from chemicals, especially from chlorinated hydrocarbons, has become evident on a large scale in recent years. The storage of such chemicals requires particularly careful precautionary and monitoring measures, because experience has shown that damage from leaks or accidents often occurs here. It has already been proposed to design the storage floors like a trough and to use steel structures or concrete with a suitable surface coating for this purpose. Filling systems for environmentally hazardous liquids must also be included in the safety device through the sump. The same applies to the handling of such products. DE-A-3230 437 discloses such filling systems.

Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß Auffangwannen dieser Art insbesondere für Lösemittel auf der Basis chlorierter Kohlenwasserstoffe keine ausreichende Sicherheit gewähr­leisten, da auch kleine unerkannte Lecks zu einer ständigen Umweltgefährdung führen und da Beton für diese Produkte nicht absolut undurchlässig ist.However, it has been shown that collecting trays of this type, in particular for solvents based on chlorinated hydrocarbons, do not guarantee adequate safety, since even small undetected leaks lead to a constant environmental hazard and since concrete is not absolutely impermeable to these products.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Bodenbelag für Industriehallen zu schaffen, der einer­seits durch Fahrzeuge, Maschinen und Lagerware hoch belastbar ist und andererseits einen sicheren Schutz gegen ungewolltes Austreten von umweltgefährdenden Flüssigkeiten in den Untergrund gewährleistet.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a floor covering for industrial halls which, on the one hand, can be subjected to high loads by vehicles, machines and stored goods and, on the other hand, ensures reliable protection against unwanted escape of environmentally hazardous liquids into the underground.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die im Kennzeichenteil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale vorgeschlagen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.To achieve this object, the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 are proposed. Further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

Das gemäß der Erfindung doppelwandig ausgebildete Belag­element enthält einen mit einem formstabilen aber dennoch luftdurchlässigen Distanzmaterial ausgefüllten Spaltraum, der luftdicht verschließbar und an ein Lecküberwachungs­gerät anschließbar ist. Die Ober- und Unterplatte des Belagelements können aus niedrig- und hochlegiertem Stahl oder aus anderen chemikalienresistenten Legierungen und Verbindungen, wie Tombak oder - bei entsprechend niedriger Belastung - auch aus verschweißten Kunststoff­bahnen bestehen. Als formstabiles Distanzmaterial, das auf Druck belastbar aber dennoch luftdurchlässig sein soll, kommt vor allem ein Metallgitter, insbesondere Streckmetall in Betracht. Bei letzerem handelt es sich um ein gestanztes Blech, bei welchem im Zuge des Stanz­vorgangs sowohl Durchbrüche eingestanzt als auch Metall­verbiegungen vorgenommen werden. Es entsteht dabei eine netzartige, dreidimensionale Struktur mit hoher Druckbe­lastbarkeit.The double-walled covering element according to the invention contains a gap space filled with a dimensionally stable but nevertheless air-permeable spacer material, which can be closed airtight and connected to a leak monitoring device. The top and bottom plate of the covering element can consist of low and high-alloy steel or other chemical-resistant alloys and compounds, such as tombac or - with a correspondingly low load - also of welded plastic sheets. A metal grid, in particular expanded metal, is particularly suitable as a dimensionally stable spacer material that should be resilient to pressure but still permeable to air. The latter is a stamped sheet metal, in which, in the course of the stamping process, openings are punched in and metal bends are carried out. The result is a mesh-like, three-dimensional structure with high pressure resistance.

Die Befestigung der Belagplatten erfolgt vorteilhafter­weise mittels Haltebändern aus Stahl, die am Untergrund entweder festgedübelt oder mittels Anker bereits bei der Herstellung des Betonuntergrunds in diesen einge­bettet werden. An dem Halteband wird die Unterplatte der Belagelemente entweder punktweise oder mit durch­gehender Schweißnaht angeschweißt. Wenn zwei benachbarte Unterplatten auf Stoß miteinander verschweißt werden, so kann gleichzeitig das Anschweißen am Halteband er­folgen. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, daß zunächst die eine Unterplatte am Halteband angeschweißt und anschließend die andere überlappend aufgeschweißt wird. Zweckmäßig werden die Unterplatten nach einem vorgegebenen Schweißplan im sogenannten Pilgerschrittver­fahren am Halteband befestigt; dabei werden kurze Streifen im Abstand und im Wechsel geschweißt um mög­lichst geringe Wärmeausdehnungen und Verspannungen zu erhalten. Zur weiteren Verbesserung der Haftung am Unter­grund können unter der Unterplatte zusätzliche Halte­bänder angeordnet werden, die über Bohrungen in der Unterplatte mit dieser verschweißt werden.The covering plates are advantageously fastened by means of steel straps, which are either doweled to the base or embedded in the base during manufacture of the concrete base. The bottom plate of the covering elements is welded onto the retaining band either point by point or with a continuous weld seam. If two adjacent sub-plates are butt welded together, they can be welded to the strap at the same time. A further possibility is that first the one lower plate is welded onto the holding band and then the other is welded overlapping. The sub-plates are expediently fastened to the tether using the so-called pilgrim step method; short strips are welded at intervals and alternately in order to minimize thermal expansion and tension. To further improve the adhesion to the substrate, additional retaining straps can be arranged under the base plate, which are welded to the base plate by means of bores.

Sofern vom Boden her mit einer Dampfdiffusion gerechnet werden muß, wird zweckmäßig eine Dampfsperrschicht, beispielsweise in Form von geteerter Dämmpappe zwischen Untergrund und Unterplatte eingelegt.If a vapor diffusion must be expected from the bottom, a vapor barrier layer, for example in the form of tar-tipped insulation cardboard, is expediently placed between the base and the base plate.

Zum weiteren Aufbau der Belagelemente wird die Unter­platte lose mit der Streckmetallbahn belegt. Anschließend wird auf die Streckmetallbahn die Oberplatte aufgelegt und mit der Unterplatte vorzugsweise im Pilgerschritt­ verfahren dicht verschweißt. Bei großen Bodenflächen werden mehrere Belagelemente verwendet, deren Spalträume vakuummäßig voneinander getrennt und zum Zwecke der Lecküberwachung und Lecksuche durch Leitungen mitein­ander verbindbar sind. Zur Verbindung werden zweckmäßig U-förmig gebogene Rohrstücke verwendet, die an einander benachbarte Anschlußstutzen zweier Belagelemente an­schließbar sind.To further build up the covering elements, the lower plate is loosely covered with the expanded metal sheet. The top plate is then placed on the expanded metal sheet and preferably with the bottom plate in the pilgrimage step process tightly welded. In the case of large floor areas, several covering elements are used, the gap spaces of which are separated from one another by vacuum and can be connected to one another by lines for the purpose of leak monitoring and leak detection. For the connection, U-shaped pipe sections are expediently used, which can be connected to adjacent connecting pieces of two covering elements.

In dem Bodenbelag wird beim Verlegen zweckmäßig eine leichte Neigung vorgesehen, die in einen Sumpf mündet, aus dem etwaige ausströmende Flüssigkeiten besser ausge­pumpt werden können. Der Sumpf kann ebenfalls mit dem vakuumüberwachten Doppelmantel ausgekleidet werden.When laying, a slight inclination is expediently provided in the floor covering, which ends in a sump from which any outflowing liquids can be better pumped out. The sump can also be lined with the vacuum-monitored double jacket.

Im Boden können ferner Gruben, z.B. Arbeitsgruben in Industriebetrieben, oder Rinnen, etwa zur Aufnahme von Bahngleisen, vorgesehen werden, die gleichfalls mit der lecküberwachten Doppelwand ausgekleidet sind. Die Gruben oder Rinnen bilden einen Auffangbereich für aus­tretende Chemikalienflüssigkeiten und sind so bemessen, daß beispielsweise der Kesselinhalt eines dort zu ent­ladenden Kesselwagens aufgefangen werden kann.Pits, e.g. Work pits in industrial plants, or channels, for example for receiving train tracks, are provided, which are also lined with the leak-monitored double wall. The pits or channels form a collecting area for escaping chemical liquids and are dimensioned such that, for example, the contents of a tank car to be unloaded there can be collected.

Zur Befestigung von Maschinen und Geräten auf dem Boden­belag können an der Oberplatte Bolzen oder Muttern ange­schweißt werden. Fur größere Geräte und Maschinen werden Montageplatten aufgeschweißt, die ihrerseits Montage­bolzen oder -muttern tragen können. Wichtig ist, daß der doppelwandige Bodenbelag bei der Montage nicht durch­bohrt wird.Bolts or nuts can be welded to the top plate to fasten machines and devices to the floor covering. For larger devices and machines, mounting plates are welded on, which in turn can carry mounting bolts or nuts. It is important that the double-walled floor covering is not drilled through during assembly.

Der doppelwandige Bodenbelag kann elementweise vorge­fertigt werden. Hierbei werden zweckmäßig einseitig offene Elemente vorgefertigt, die mit einer Überlappungs­platte oder einem Abdeckstreifen zugeschweißt werden. Entsprechend können auch einzelne Rinnen- oder Grubenbe­reiche vorgefertigt und anschließend zusammengesetzt werden.The double-walled flooring can be prefabricated element by element. Here, elements that are open on one side are expediently prefabricated, which are welded closed with an overlap plate or a cover strip. Correspondingly, individual channel or pit areas can also be prefabricated and then assembled.

Zur Erzeugung eines leckgesicherten Wandanschlusses können die der Wand benachbarten Ränder der Belagelemente um 90° nach oben gebogen und mittels geeigneter Winkel­stücke an der Wand befestigt werden.To create a leak-proof wall connection, the edges of the covering elements adjacent to the wall can be bent upwards by 90 ° and fastened to the wall by means of suitable angle pieces.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Er­findung sind die Spalträume des Bodenbelags über einen Sauganschluß evakuierbar und über eine Meßleitung mit einem Manometer des Lecküberwachungsgeräts verbunden. Die Saugleitung ist dabei zweckmäßig in der Nähe der tiefsten Stelle und die Meßleitung in der Nähe der höchsten Stelle des Spaltraumbereichs angeschlossen. In der Saugleitung kann eine Flüssigkeitssperre ange­ordnet werden, die dafür sorgt, daß etwaige angesaugte Flüssigkeit nicht zum Überwachungsgerät gelangen kann. Außerdem können in der Saugleitung und/oder der Meß­leitung Detonationssicherungen angeordnet sein, die einen Flammenübertritt von einem zum anderen Bereich verhindern.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the gap spaces of the floor covering can be evacuated via a suction connection and connected to a manometer of the leak monitoring device via a measuring line. The suction line is expediently connected near the lowest point and the measuring line near the highest point of the gap area. A liquid barrier can be arranged in the suction line, which ensures that any suctioned liquid cannot reach the monitoring device. In addition, detonation protection devices can be arranged in the suction line and / or the measuring line, which prevent a flame from passing from one area to the other.

An einer vom Meßleitungsanschluß entfernten Stelle des Spaltraums kann ein verschließbarer Füll- und/oder Prüf­stutzen zum Einfüllen von Prüfgas und/oder zur Prüfung der Gesamtanlage angeordnet werden. Der Spaltraum kann über diesen Stutzen beispielsweise mit einem Inertgas, wie Stickstoff, zur Leckkontrolle beaufschlagt oder vor dem Evakuieren zum Zwecke der Korrosionsminderung damit geflutet werden.A closable filling and / or test nozzle for filling in test gas and / or for testing the entire system can be arranged at a point in the gap space remote from the measuring line connection. The gap can, for example, be charged with an inert gas such as nitrogen to check for leaks or be flooded with it prior to evacuation for the purpose of reducing corrosion.

Wenn ein Leck auftritt, so können zur Lecksuche die Spalträume einzelner Belagelemente separat an das Leck­überwachungsgerät angeschlossen und hinsichtlich ihrer Dichtheit geprüft werden. Das gleiche Ergebnis kann erreicht werden, wenn die Spalträume der einzelnen Belag­elemente nacheinander abgekoppelt werden und die so gebildeten Teilräume an das Lecküberwachungsgerät ange­schlossen und hinsichtlich ihrer Dichtheit geprüft wer­den. Auf diese Weise kann die Leckstelle bzw. der Leckbe­reich auch bei großflächigen Industriehallen relativ rasch lokalisiert werden.If a leak occurs, the gap spaces of individual covering elements can be separately connected to the leak monitoring device and their tightness can be checked for leak detection. The same result can be achieved if the gap spaces of the individual covering elements are uncoupled one after the other and the subspaces formed in this way are connected to the leak monitoring device and their tightness is checked. In this way, the leak or the leak area can be located relatively quickly even in large industrial halls.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der in der Zeichnung in schematischer Weise dargestellten Aus­führungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 einen Ausschnitt aus einem Bodenbelag in senk­recht geschnittener Darstellung;
  • Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt aus dem Bodenbelag mit einer Stoßstelle zwischen zwei Belagelementen in senkrecht geschnittener Darstellung;
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf einen aus mehreren Belag­elementen zusammengesetzten Bodenbelag;
  • Fig. 4 einen Hallenboden mit Lecküberwachungsein­richtung in teilweise geschnittener Darstellung.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. Show it
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a floor covering in a vertical section.
  • 2 shows a section of the floor covering with a joint between two covering elements in a vertical section;
  • 3 shows a plan view of a floor covering composed of a plurality of covering elements;
  • Fig. 4 shows a hall floor with leak monitoring device in a partially sectioned representation.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellten Elemente 11 eines Bodenbelags bestehen im wesentlichen aus einer Ober­platte 1 und einer Unterplatte 2, zwischen denen eine Distanzschicht 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ober- und Unter­platten 1,2 sind zweckmäßig aus einem dickwandigen Stahl­ blech, während die Distanzschicht 3 aus Streckmetall besteht. Das Streckmetall 3 weist eine netzartige, drei­dimensionale Struktur mit hoher Querbelastbarkeit auf. Aufgrund von Durchbrüchen und Metallverbiegungen ist das Streckmetall 3 luftdurchlässig, so daß zwischen den beiden Platten 1 und 2 ein zusammenhängender Spalt­raum 8 entsteht, der entweder evakuierbar oder mit Gas befüllbar ist. Der Bodenbelag ist mit seiner Unterplatte 2 an Haltebändern 4 aus Stahl anschweißbar, die ihrer­seits mittels Schrauben 6,7 am vorgeformten Beton-Unter­grund 5 befestigtbar sind. Der evakuierbare Spaltraum 8 ist über eine Meßleitung 16 an eine Lecküberwachungs­einrichtung 17 anschließbar.The elements 11 of a floor covering shown in the drawing essentially consist of an upper plate 1 and a lower plate 2, between which a spacer layer 3 is arranged. The top and bottom plates 1, 2 are expediently made of a thick-walled steel sheet, while the spacer layer 3 consists of expanded metal. The expanded metal 3 has a mesh-like, three-dimensional structure with a high transverse load capacity. Due to breakthroughs and metal bending, the expanded metal 3 is permeable to air, so that between the two plates 1 and 2 a coherent gap space 8 is formed, which can either be evacuated or filled with gas. The floor covering can be welded with its lower plate 2 to steel straps 4, which in turn can be fastened to the preformed concrete base 5 by means of screws 6, 7. The evacuable gap space 8 can be connected to a leak monitoring device 17 via a measuring line 16.

Aus Fig. 2 ist ersichtlich, wie zwei benachbarte Belag­elemente 11 des Bodenbelags an ihren Stoßstellen mitein­ander verbunden und am Untergrund 5 befestigt sind. Die Befestigungsschrauben 6,7 durchdringen das Halteband 4 außermittig und zwar entweder im Versatz oder parallel. Dadurch verbleibt eine Mittelbahn, die nicht durch Schraublöcher, die später zu Leckstellen Anlaß geben könnten, beschädigt ist. Die Unterplatten 2 der beiden Belagelemente 11 sind auf Stoß miteinander verschweißt und mit der gleichen Schweißnaht am Halteband 4 ange­schweißt. Auf die so am Untergrund 5 befestigten Unter­platten 2 werden die Streckmetallbahnen 3 aufgelegt. Darauf wird zunächst die in Fig. 2 links dargestellte Oberplatte 11 aufgelegt und an ihrer Kante mit einer durchgehenden Schweißnaht 14 mit der darunter befind­lichen Unterplatte 2 dicht verschweißt. Gleichzeitig wird dabei auch die betreffende Streckmetallbahn 3 an­geschweißt. Sodann wird die in Fig. 2 rechts gezeigte Oberplatte 1 so aufgelegt, daß ihr Randbereich die linke Oberplatte 1 überlappt. Daraufhin werden die Ober­platten 1 mit einer durchgehenden Dichtschweißnaht 10 verschweißt. Auf diese Weise entstehen zwei in ihrer Weite durch die Wandstärke der Streckmetallbahnen 3 bestimmte Spalträume 8, die bei entsprechenden Dicht­schweißungen an den übrigen drei Rändern der Belag­elemente 11 evakuierbar sind. Die Spalträume 8 sind vakuummäßig voneinander getrennt und können zum Zwecke der Lecküberwachung und Lecksuche miteinander verbunden werden. Zur Verbindung werden U-förmige Rohrstücke 12 verwendet, die an einander benachbarte Anschlußstutzen zweier Belagelemente 11 anschließbar sind. Das in Fig. 3 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel eines Bodenbelags weist fünf streifenförmige Belagelemente 11 auf, die an ihren Stoßstellen miteinander verschweißt und deren Spalträume mit den Rohrstücken 12 hintereinandergeschaltet sind.From FIG. 2 it can be seen how two adjacent covering elements 11 of the floor covering are connected to one another at their joints and fastened to the substrate 5. The fastening screws 6, 7 penetrate the retaining band 4 off-center, either offset or parallel. This leaves a central path that is not damaged by screw holes that could later give rise to leaks. The lower plates 2 of the two covering elements 11 are butt welded together and welded to the holding band 4 with the same weld seam. The expanded metal sheets 3 are placed on the sub-plates 2 fastened to the base 5 in this way. The top plate 11 shown on the left in FIG. 2 is first placed thereon and tightly welded at its edge with a continuous weld seam 14 to the bottom plate 2 underneath. At the same time, the expanded metal sheet 3 in question is also welded on. Then the one shown in Fig. 2 on the right Upper plate 1 placed so that its edge area overlaps the left upper plate 1. Then the top plates 1 are welded with a continuous sealing weld 10. In this way, two gap spaces 8, which are determined in terms of their width by the wall thickness of the expanded metal sheets 3, are formed, which can be evacuated at the other three edges of the covering elements 11 if there are appropriate sealing welds. The gap spaces 8 are separated from one another in terms of vacuum and can be connected to one another for the purpose of leak monitoring and leak detection. For the connection, U-shaped pipe pieces 12 are used, which can be connected to adjacent connecting pieces of two covering elements 11. The embodiment of a floor covering shown in FIG. 3 has five strip-shaped covering elements 11 which are welded to one another at their joints and the gap spaces of which are connected in series with the tube pieces 12.

Bei dem in Fig. 4 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eines Bodenbelags sind mehrere Belagelemente 11 an Stoßstellen 20 miteinander verbunden. Die Belagelemente 11 sind in der oben beschriebenen Weise doppelwandig ausgebildet und schließen zwischen ihrer Ober- und Unterplatte 1,2 eine aus Streckmetall bestehende Distanzschicht 3 und einen Spaltraum 8 ein. Die Spalträume 8 sind an den Anschlußstutzen mittels U-förmiger Rohrstücke 12 mitein­ander verbunden. Eines der Belagelemente enthält eine als Pumpensumpf 23 ausgebildete Vertiefung, deren Wände 24 und Boden 25 gleichfalls doppelwandig sind und einen evakuierbaren Spaltraum 8 aufweisen. Im Bereich der Seitenwände 27 der Halle sind die Ränder der Beschlag­elemente um 90° nach oben gebogen und bilden auf diese Weise einen Wannenrand 26 von beispielsweise 10 bis 40 cm Höhe. Die Oberkante 28 des Wannenrandes 26 ist von einem an der Seitenwand 27 befestigten Ablaufblech 29 übergriffen, so daß eine an der Wand nach unten fließende Flüssigkeit nicht in den Zwischenraum 30 zwischen Belag und Wand sondern auf den überwachten Bodenbelag gelangt. Eine teerbeschichtete Dämmpappe 40 verhindert, daß vom Untergrund 5 her eine Dampf­diffusion in den Bodenbelag stattfindet.In the embodiment of a floor covering shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of covering elements 11 are connected to one another at joints 20. The covering elements 11 are double-walled in the manner described above and enclose between their top and bottom plates 1, 2 a spacer layer 3 made of expanded metal and a gap space 8. The gap spaces 8 are connected to one another at the connecting pieces by means of U-shaped pipe pieces 12. One of the covering elements contains a depression designed as a pump sump 23, the walls 24 and bottom 25 of which are also double-walled and have an evacuable gap space 8. In the area of the side walls 27 of the hall, the edges of the fitting elements are bent upwards by 90 ° and in this way form a tub edge 26 of, for example, 10 to 40 cm high. The upper edge 28 of the tub rim 26 is overlapped by a drain plate 29 fastened to the side wall 27, so that a liquid flowing down the wall does not get into the space 30 between the covering and the wall but onto the monitored floor covering. A tar-coated insulation cardboard 40 prevents vapor diffusion from taking place in the floor covering 5.

Der Spaltraum 8 des Bodenbelags ist über eine Saugleitung 31 und eine Meßleitung 16 mit einem ein Unterdruckmeß­gerät 32 enthaltenden Lecküberwachungsgerät 17 verbunden. Der Saugleitungsanschluß 33 liegt in der Nähe der tiefsten Stelle des Bodenbelags, während die Meßleitung 16 am höchsten Punkt 34 des Spaltraums 8 angeschlossen ist. In der Saugleitung 31 befindet sich eine Flüssig­keitssperre 35, mit der im Falle eines Lecks ein Ansaugen von Flüssigkeit vermieden wird. Weiter befinden sich sowohl in der Saugleitung 31 als auch in der Meßleitung 16 Detonationssicherungen 36, die im Brandfall einen Flammendurchtritt vom einen in den anderen Bereich ver­hindern. Auf der dem Meßleitungsanschluß 34 gegenüber­liegenden Seite ist am hochgebogenen Wannenrand 26 des Bodenbelags ein Füll- und Prüfstutzen 37 angeordnet, der mittels eines Kugelhahns 38 verschließbar ist und der zur Leckkontrolle des Gesamtbelags mit einem bei­spielsweise aus Stickstoff bestehenden Inertgas beauf­schlagbar ist.The gap space 8 of the floor covering is connected via a suction line 31 and a measuring line 16 to a leak monitoring device 17 containing a vacuum measuring device 32. The suction line connection 33 is in the vicinity of the lowest point of the floor covering, while the measuring line 16 is connected to the highest point 34 of the gap space 8. In the suction line 31 there is a liquid barrier 35, with which liquid is avoided in the event of a leak. There are also 16 detonation protection devices 36 both in the suction line 31 and in the measuring line, which prevent a flame from passing into the other area in the event of a fire. On the side opposite the measuring line connection 34, a filler and test nozzle 37 is arranged on the upturned tub edge 26 of the floor covering, which can be closed by means of a ball valve 38 and which can be acted upon by an inert gas, for example nitrogen, for leakage control of the entire covering.

Zur Befestigung von Maschinen oder Geräten auf dem Boden­belag 11 können an der Oberplatte 1 Bolzen 41 oder Muttern angeschweißt werden. Fur größere Geräte und Maschinen werden Montageplatten 42 aufgeschweißt, die ihrerseits Montagebolzen 43 oder -muttern tragen.For fastening machines or devices on the floor covering 11, bolts 41 or nuts can be welded onto the top plate 1. For larger devices and Machines are welded on mounting plates 42, which in turn carry mounting bolts 43 or nuts.

Die Oberplatte 1 kann auch als Sandwichplatte ausge­bildet sein, die mit einer Kunststoffauflage 44 versehen ist. Diese Kunststoffschicht kann aufgestrichen, aufge­schweißt, aufgeklebt oder aufgegossen werden. Weiter kann auf den Fußboden ein Industrieboden 44 eine Kunst­harzbeschichtung oder ein Anstrich aufgebracht werden. Der Industrieboden kann beispielsweise auf Zement- oder Kunstharzzementbasis hergestellt sein. Die Beschichtung soll insbesondere chemisch inaktiv sein und soll eine Funkenbildung verhindern, wie sie beispielsweise beim Fahrbetrieb mit Gabelstaplern beim Schleifen der Gabeln auf einem metalischen Untergrund oder beim Umgang mit Gebinden aus Stahlblech durch Reibung an einer Metall­oberfläche auftreten können. Der beschriebene Bodenbelag wird insbesondere in Industrie- und Lagerhallen einge­setzt, in denen auch Explosionsschutz gewährleistet sein muß.The top plate 1 can also be designed as a sandwich plate, which is provided with a plastic pad 44. This plastic layer can be painted, welded, glued or poured on. Furthermore, an industrial floor 44, a synthetic resin coating or a paint can be applied to the floor. The industrial floor can be made, for example, on a cement or synthetic resin cement basis. The coating should in particular be chemically inactive and should prevent the formation of sparks, as can occur, for example, when driving with forklifts when grinding the forks on a metal surface or when handling steel sheet containers due to friction on a metal surface. The floor covering described is used in particular in industrial and storage halls, in which explosion protection must also be ensured.

Claims (34)

1. Floor covering for industrial premises, in particular for large warehouses, for laying onto a preformed, preferably concrete base, characterised by at least one support strap (4), attached to the base (5) by means of menchanical fixing elements (6, 7), and at least one covering element (11) including at least one lower plate (2), which is connected to the support strap in a partially or entirely overlapping arrangement, and at least one upper plate, which is separated from the lower plate (2) by way of an inherently stable distance layer (3) whilst forming an airtight sealed spatial gap (8), and the spatial gap (8) of which is connectable to a leak-control device.
2. Floor covering according to claim 1, characterised in that the lower plate (2) and/or the upper plate (1) are made of metal, preferably steelplate.
3. Floor covering according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the distance layer (3) is constructed to be a stretch-metal grid of steel.
4. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the upper plate (1) is connected on extended sealing welding seams, whilst including the spatial gap (8), to the lower plate (2) and, if appropriate, to the distance layer (3).
5. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the spatial gap (8) is evacuated via a suction connection (31, 33), and connected via a measuring pipe (16) to a manometer (32) of the leak-control device.
6. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the support strap (4), attached to the base (5) by means of mechanical fixing elements (6, 7), such as plugs, screws and/or anchors, is made of steelplate, and that the lower plate (2) of the covering element is welded to the support strap (4).
7. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the lower plates (2) of two covering elements (11) are attached, preferably welded, to the support strap (4) at their adjacent outer edges at a distance from one another or at close joint or overlapping each other.
8. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the upper plates (1) of two adjacent covering elements (11) are connected, preferably welded, in the area of the support strap (4) to the respective lower plates (2).
9. Floor covering according to claim 8, characterised in that the upper plate (1) of the one covering element (11) is connected at its edge directly to the respective lower plate (2), whilst the upper plate (1) of the other covering element (11) reaches over the upper plate (1) with its outer edge, and is sealingly connected to same, in particular by way of a sealing welding seam (10).
10. Floor covering according to claim 8, characterised in that the upper plates (1) of two adjacent covering elements (11) or connected to the respective lower plate (2), preferably in the area of a support strap (4), at close joint or at a distance from one another, and that the close joint is bridged by a welded cover, laid onto the two upper plates (1) and connected thereto.
11. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised by a vapour-barrier layer (40), arranged at the lower side of the lower plate (2), facing towards the base (5), preferably constructed as a tarred damperboard.
12. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised by several covering elements (11) with vacuum-like separated spatial gaps (8) with each one connection (33) for a suction pipe (31) and a measuring pipe (16), whereby the suction-pipe connections (33) on the one hand, and the measuring-pipe connections on the other hand are connectabie in parallel and/or in series arrangement to the leak-control device (17).
13. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the lower plate (2) and the upper plate (1) together with the distance layer (3), which fills the spatial gap (8), are bent upwards by 90°, at least at one edge of the covering element (11), forming an upwards drawn base edge (26).
14. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the lower plate (2) and the upper plate (1), together with the distance layer (3) which defines the spatial gap (8), is bent downwards relative to the base plane, forming a channel or pit (23) with a continuous spatial gap (8) at the walls (24) and bottom (25).
15. Floor covering according to claim 14, characterised in that at least the upper plate (1) terminates in the area of the upper edge of the channel or the pit, with a slight slant into the pit (23) or channel.
16. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 15, characterised in that upwards extending fixing elements (41), such as bolts or nuts, are arranged on the upper side of the upper plate (1) and preferably welded thereto.
17. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 16, characterised by at least one mounting plate (42), attached to the upper plate (1), preferably by welding, which is provided with upwards orientated, preferably welded mounting elements (43), such as bolts or nuts.
18. Floor covering according to one of the claims 14 to 17, characterised in that tracks on sleepers for track vehicles are arranged on the upper plate (1) of the channel.
19. Floor covering according to one of the claims 5 to 18, characterised in that the suction pipe (31) is connected near the lowest location (33), and the measuring pipe (16) near the highest location (34) of the spatial-gap area (8).
20. Floor covering according to one of the claims 5 to 19, characterised in that a liquid barrier (35) is arranged in the suction pipe (31).
21. Floor covering according to one of the claims 5 to 20, characterised in that a detonation safety means (36) is arranged in the suction pipe (31) and/or the measuring pipe (16).
22. Floor covering according to one of the claims 5 to 21, characterised in that a closable filling-­and/or inspection socket (37) for filling with an inspection gas and/or for leak testing of the entire covering is arranged in a place of the spatial gap (8) which is far away from the measuring-pipe socket (34).
23. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 22, characterised in that the spatial gap (8) is loaded with an inert gas, preferably nitrogen.
24. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 23, characterised in that the lower plate (2) has at least one bore, at the edge of which it is welded to the support strap (4), located thereunder and attached to the base (5).
25. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 24, characterised in that the upper plate (1) and/or the lower plate (2) are provided with a brushed on, welded on, glued on or poured on synthetics-material layer (44).
26. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 25, characterised in that the upper surface of the upper plate (1) is layered with an industrial floor (44) on a synthetics-resin-, concrete- or synthetics-resin-concrete base.
27. Floor covering according to claim 1, characterised in that the upper plate (1) and/or the lower plate consist of preferably multi­layered synthetics-material courses, which are welded together.
28. Floor covering according to claim 27, characterised in that the synthetics-material courses are reinforced by glass fibres or glass-­fibre mats.
29. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 28, characterised in that the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (2) have a wall thickness of at least 2 mm, preferably 3 to 6 mm.
30. Floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 29, characterised in that the width of the spatial gap (8), defined by the thickness of the distance layer (3), is at least 1 mm, preferably 2 to 3 mm.
31. Floor covering according to one of the claims 13 to 30, characterised in that the basin edge (26) has a height of at least 50 mm, preferably 80 to 400 mm.
32. Method for leak detection in a floor covering consisting of several covering elements according to one of the claims 1 to 31, characterised in that the spatial gaps (8) of individual covering elements (11) are separately connected to the leak-control device (17) and tested relative to their seal.
33. Method for leak detection in a floor covering consisting of several covering elements according to one of the claims 1 to 31, characterised in that the spatial gaps (8) of the covering elements (11), which are arranged in series, are disconnected one after the other, and thus created partial spaces are connected to the leak-control device (17) and tested relative to their seal.
34. Method for leak control in a floor covering according to one of the claims 5 to 31, characterised in that the spatial gap (8) is flooded with an inert gas, preferably nitrogen, prior to evacuation.
EP87115944A 1986-11-28 1987-10-30 Flooring material Expired - Lifetime EP0269871B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87115944T ATE60817T1 (en) 1986-11-28 1987-10-30 FLOORING.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3640739 1986-11-28
DE3640739 1986-11-28
DE19873712881 DE3712881A1 (en) 1986-11-28 1987-04-15 Floor covering
DE3712881 1987-04-15
DE19873719443 DE3719443A1 (en) 1986-11-28 1987-06-11 Floor covering
DE3719443 1987-06-11

Publications (3)

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EP0269871A2 EP0269871A2 (en) 1988-06-08
EP0269871A3 EP0269871A3 (en) 1989-12-06
EP0269871B1 true EP0269871B1 (en) 1991-02-06

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EP87115944A Expired - Lifetime EP0269871B1 (en) 1986-11-28 1987-10-30 Flooring material

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US (1) US4916939A (en)
EP (1) EP0269871B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE60817T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3767985D1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3767985D1 (en) 1991-03-14
EP0269871A2 (en) 1988-06-08
US4916939A (en) 1990-04-17
ATE60817T1 (en) 1991-02-15
EP0269871A3 (en) 1989-12-06

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