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EP0123041B1 - Process and device for feeding a mixer - Google Patents

Process and device for feeding a mixer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123041B1
EP0123041B1 EP84101694A EP84101694A EP0123041B1 EP 0123041 B1 EP0123041 B1 EP 0123041B1 EP 84101694 A EP84101694 A EP 84101694A EP 84101694 A EP84101694 A EP 84101694A EP 0123041 B1 EP0123041 B1 EP 0123041B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aggregate
feeding vessel
container
feeding
components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84101694A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0123041A3 (en
EP0123041A2 (en
Inventor
Paul Mathis
Udo Dilger
Franz Mathis
Bernhard Mathis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
M-TEC MATHIS TECHNIK GMBH
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m-tec mathis technik GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE3314716A external-priority patent/DE3314716C2/en
Priority claimed from DE19833323766 external-priority patent/DE3323766A1/en
Application filed by m-tec mathis technik GmbH filed Critical m-tec mathis technik GmbH
Priority to AT84101694T priority Critical patent/ATE40305T1/en
Publication of EP0123041A2 publication Critical patent/EP0123041A2/en
Publication of EP0123041A3 publication Critical patent/EP0123041A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • B28C5/148—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying a plurality of radially extending mixing bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/60—Mixing solids with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7173—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper
    • B01F35/71731—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper using a hopper

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for feeding a mixer with several dry and at least partially powdery mixing components, for. B. for a building material mixture in which at least one of the mixing components is present as the main component from relatively heavy and / or coarse constituents, in which at least one of the mixing components is present as an additive from relatively light, powdery or dusty constituents, the additive in comparison to the main component is present in a relatively small amount, in which the mixing components are weighed and / or metered into a loading container and in which, after all the mixing components have been poured in, the entire mixture is emptied into the mixer.
  • the invention further relates to a device for filling a mixer with mixing components, in particular for a building material mixture, in which a mixture component is provided as an additive in only a small amount, the device preferably having funnel-shaped weighing and charging containers with metering devices for the mixture components and a supply of the same or the loading containers to the mixer.
  • a method and a device for producing mixtures is known from AU-B-514 222, the main concern being the avoidance of dust formation.
  • a special filling system is provided, in which a smaller container for a powdery component of the mixture is provided in a larger container inside.
  • the larger container is directly connected to a scale. This first weighs the mixture component that is filled into the larger container when the outlet is closed. When the correct amount of this material has been poured in and weighed, the smaller container inside is filled with cement. This dust-like component of the later mixture is therefore only filled in and weighed when the coarser mixing components have already been filled in and weighed.
  • the method mentioned at the outset consists in that at least one of the main components is filled into the loading container after the additive has been introduced, the additive being covered upwards by this main component (s). That component of the mixture that is to enter the mixer completely in any case passes through the connection between the weighing or loading container when the full cross section of this connection is filled with material, so that an opposite flow of displaced air is not possible. Then when the last material from such a filled feed container runs into the mixer, the component, the amount of which must not be falsified, is already completely in the mixer.
  • the aggregate is filled centrally, in particular, in such a way that it only covers part of the surface of the underlying main component. After the metered filling of the loading or weighing container, the aggregate is thus enclosed on all sides within the other components of the mixture, which further favors the subsequent mixing and prevents part of the aggregate from not reaching the mixer.
  • a device can be characterized in that a second loading container for the additive to be mixed in a small amount is provided above at least one first loading container, the outlet of which opens into the first loading container such that the opening of the second loading container occurs before the loading of the first loading container can be opened at least with a part of the main component (s) to be metered by the latter.
  • Such a device and the timing of the opening of the outlets of the loading container ensures that the small or powdery additive enters the main loading container before it has taken up all the main components, so that the additive in any case after the Predosing is covered with a layer of the main component (s).
  • the second loading container can be smaller from the loading container into which its outlet opens. This saves space and takes into account the fact that the aggregate to be covered upwards is only provided in a relatively small amount.
  • a device designated as a whole by 1 is used to produce a mixture, e.g. B. a dry building material mixture, such as. B. dry mortar.
  • a mixture e.g. B. a dry building material mixture, such as. B. dry mortar.
  • it has a mixer 2 within a mixing container 3 and funnel-shaped weighing and loading containers 4 and 5 for metering the mixture components, and a feed 6 to the mixing container 3.
  • the second loading container 5 is for a mixed component present in a smaller amount, e.g. B. provided an aggregate, which, for. B. could be powdery.
  • the outlet 7 of the second loading container 5 opens into the first loading container 4 and the opening of this outlet 7 of the second loading container 5 takes place before the first loading container 4 is loaded, at least with part of the further mixture components to be metered by the latter.
  • FIG. 1 It can be seen in FIG. 1 that further feed devices 8 and 9 open into the first loading container 4, with which substantially larger quantities of mixture constituents 10 can be fed.
  • the components 10 are shown schematically as relatively coarse parts, while the aggregate 11 is drawn as correspondingly small parts.
  • the control for the opening of the second feed container 5 and the control for the feed devices 8 and 9 for the remaining mixture components to the first feed container 4 is not shown in detail, but is provided in such a way that the second feed container 5 before the end of the loading of the first Container 4 with the other components is opened and, if possible, also emptied. This results in the storage of the mixture component 11 from this container 5 between the other components 10, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • this relatively easily swirlable component 11 is taken along and transferred into the container 3 before air in the last emptying phase of the container 4 according to the arrow Pf 1 in FIG. 3 against the filling direction can flow back into this container 4 and blow back components. This could happen when the container 4 is filled according to FIG. 2 and is avoided by the invention.
  • a ventilation nozzle 13 can be seen on the loading container 4, and a further nozzle 14 can also be seen directly on the mixing container 3, on which a further scale or the like.
  • a ventilation nozzle 15 with a filter 16 arranged above it, through which a large part of the air in the mixing container 3 is to escape when filling the mixture components 10 and 11.
  • a certain overpressure is built up in the mixing container 3, which in the last phase of the filling according to FIG. 3 leads to a partial air flow into the charging container 4 against the filling direction.
  • the device according to the invention now makes it possible, when loading the mixer 2 and its container 3, with mixing components 10 and 11 in such a way that the component 11, which may be dusty or powdery, is present in a smaller amount in the loading container 4, among other things, preferably heavier and / or larger components of at least one other mixing component 10 and is covered upwards by this mixing component.
  • Fig. 4 shows that the additive 11 is arranged within the loading container 4 on a base of other components of the mixture and the other mixture components are arranged both to the side of the additive 11 and above it, so that not only this component 11 is then completely in the container 3 is transferred when the air outlet according to FIG. 3 also takes place on the charging container 4, but mixing with the other constituents is also favored.
  • Fig. 4 also shows that the aggregate or Mixture component 11 can be arranged within the first loading container 4 approximately under half the total volume of the further components.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Beschicken eines Mischers mit mehreren trockenen und wenigstens teilweise pulverförmigen Mischkomponenten, z. B. für eine Baustoffmischung, bei dem mindestens eine der Mischkomponenten als Hauptkomponente aus relativ schweren und/oder groben Bestandteilen vorliegt, bei dem mindestens eine der Mischkomponenten als Zuschlagstoff aus relativ leichten, pulver- oder staubförmigen Bestandteilen vorliegt, wobei der Zuschlagstoff im Vergleich zur Hauptkomponente in relativ geringer Menge vorliegt, bei dem die Mischkomponenten gewogen und/oder dosiert in einen Beschickungsbehälter eingefüllt werden und bei dem nach Einfüllen aller Mischkomponenten das gesamte Mischgut in den Mischer entleert wird.The invention relates to a method for feeding a mixer with several dry and at least partially powdery mixing components, for. B. for a building material mixture in which at least one of the mixing components is present as the main component from relatively heavy and / or coarse constituents, in which at least one of the mixing components is present as an additive from relatively light, powdery or dusty constituents, the additive in comparison to the main component is present in a relatively small amount, in which the mixing components are weighed and / or metered into a loading container and in which, after all the mixing components have been poured in, the entire mixture is emptied into the mixer.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zum Füllen eines Mischers mit Mischkomponenten, insbesondere für eine Baustoffmischung, bei denen ein Mischungsbestandteil als Zuschlagstoff in nur geringer Menge vorgesehen ist, wobei die Vorrichtung vorzugsweise trichterförmige Wiege-und Beschickungsbehälter mit Dosiervorrichtungen für die Mischungsbestandteile sowie eine Zuführung von dem oder den Beschickungsbehältern zu dem Mischer aufweist.The invention further relates to a device for filling a mixer with mixing components, in particular for a building material mixture, in which a mixture component is provided as an additive in only a small amount, the device preferably having funnel-shaped weighing and charging containers with metering devices for the mixture components and a supply of the same or the loading containers to the mixer.

Ein derartiges Verfahren und eine derartige Vorrichtung sind bereits bekannt. Beispielsweise bei Trockenmörtei kennt man oberhalb eines Mischers die Anordnung von Wiegebehältern, die die verschiedenen Komponenten wiegen, um jeweils richtig dosierte Mengen in einen Mischer einzufüllen. Dabei ist in der Regel eine verschließbare Verbindung zwischen dem zu der Waage gehörenden Behälter und dem Mischer vorhanden, welche während des Wiegevorganges geschlossen und nach dem Wiegen geöffnet ist. In der Regel ist dabei das Mischwerkzeug des Mischers bereits in Tätigkeit, wenn das Material eingefüllt wird. Dadurch und durch die von dem Material bewirkte Luftverdrängung entsteht beim Einfüllen in den Behälter des Mischers ein Überdruck, der durch eine Entlüftung abgebaut werden soll, was jedoch in der Regel nicht so schnell und nicht in dem Umfang möglich ist, wie das Material aus den Beschickungsbehältern in den Mischer hineinfällt. Darüberhinaus haben solche Entlüftungen einen gewissen Widerstand, der ebenfalls zu einer Drucksteigerung beiträgt.Such a method and such a device are already known. In dry mortar, for example, one knows the arrangement of weighing containers above a mixer, which weigh the various components in order to pour correctly dosed quantities into a mixer. There is usually a lockable connection between the container belonging to the scale and the mixer, which is closed during the weighing process and opened after weighing. As a rule, the mixing tool of the mixer is already in operation when the material is filled. As a result of this and due to the air displacement caused by the material, an overpressure arises when it is filled into the container of the mixer, which is to be reduced by means of a vent, which, however, is generally not as quick and not as possible as the material from the loading containers falls into the mixer. In addition, such vents have a certain resistance, which also contributes to an increase in pressure.

Wird nun ein Zuschlagstoff in nur sehr geringer Menge beigemischt, besteht die Gefahr, daß ein Teil dieser geringen Menge eines Mischungsbestandteiles durch den erwähnten Gegendruck am Eintreten in den Behälter des Mischers gehindert wird. Dadurch wird die Mischung erheblich verfälscht, wobei schon das Fehlen eines relativ kleinen Teiles dieses Mischungsbestandteiles nachteilig sein kann, da der Mischungsbestandteil selbst nur in geringer Menge benötigt wird.If an additive is added in only a very small amount, there is a risk that part of this small amount of a mixture component will be prevented from entering the container of the mixer by the counter pressure mentioned. As a result, the mixture is significantly falsified, and even the lack of a relatively small part of this mixture component can be disadvantageous, since the mixture component itself is only required in small amounts.

Aus der AU-B-514 222 ist ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Mischungen bekannt, wobei es vor allem um die Vermeidung einer Staubentwicklung geht. Dazu ist ein besonderes Einfüllsystem vorgesehen, bei welchem in einem größeren Behältnis im Inneren ein kleineres Behältnis für einen pulverförmigen Bestandteil der Mischung vorgesehen ist. Das größere Behältnis ist direkt mit einer Waage verbunden. Damit wird zunächst der Mischungsbestandteil gewogen, der bei geschlossenem Auslaß innerhalb des größeren Behältnisses eingefüllt ist. Wenn die richtige Menge dieses Materiales eingefüllt und gewogen ist, wird dann der im Inneren befindliche kleinere Behälter mit Zement gefüllt. Somit wird dieser staubförmige Bestandteil der späteren Mischung erst eingefüllt und gewogen, wenn die groberen Mischkomponenten bereits eingefüllt und gewogen sind.A method and a device for producing mixtures is known from AU-B-514 222, the main concern being the avoidance of dust formation. For this purpose, a special filling system is provided, in which a smaller container for a powdery component of the mixture is provided in a larger container inside. The larger container is directly connected to a scale. This first weighs the mixture component that is filled into the larger container when the outlet is closed. When the correct amount of this material has been poured in and weighed, the smaller container inside is filled with cement. This dust-like component of the later mixture is therefore only filled in and weighed when the coarser mixing components have already been filled in and weighed.

Auch bei der Entleerung des Behältnisses fließt der grobere Mischungsbestandteil sofort ab und soll den Zement durch einen Venturi-Effekt mitreißen. Es erfolgt also keine getrennte Abgabe der verschiedenen Mischungsbestandteile aus dem Wiegebehälter in einen Mischer, sondern auch in diesem Falle ist daß Innenbehältnis für den pulverförmigen Mischungsbestandteil nach oben offen und unbedeckt, so daß auch in diesem Falle die Gefahr besteht, daß vor allem in der letzten Phase des Einfüllens durch die entsprechende Druckerhöhung in einem Mischungsbehältnis vor allem pulverförmige Bestandteile zurückgeblasen oder am Einfließen in den Mischer gehindert werden. Dabei muß es außerdem als relativ aufwendig angesehen werden, einen Behälter innerhalb des anderen vorzusehen und die Auslässe dieser Behälter als Venturi-Düse zu gestalten.Even when the container is emptied, the coarse mixture component flows away immediately and is intended to entrain the cement with a Venturi effect. So there is no separate delivery of the different mixture components from the weighing container into a mixer, but also in this case the inner container for the powdered mixture component is open and uncovered, so that in this case too there is a risk that especially in the last one Phase of the filling, in particular powdery components, are blown back by the corresponding pressure increase in a mixing container or prevented from flowing into the mixer. It must also be considered relatively expensive to provide one container within the other and to design the outlets of these containers as a Venturi nozzle.

Auch bei einem nachträglichen Zudosieren eines solchen nur in geringer Menge vorhandenen Mischungsbestandteiles zu einem in den Wiegebehälter eingefüllten Mischungsbestandtell größerer Menge kann keine befriedligende Abhilfe schaffen, da beim Einfüllen der dann übereinanderliegenden Komponenten im letzten Teil des Füllvorganges, wenn die Verbindung von dem Wiege- bzw. Beschickungsbehälter in den Mischer in ihrem Querschnitt nicht mehr ganz ausgefüllt ist, dieser freibleibende Querschnitt die unter Überdruck stehende Luft entgegen der Füllrichtung entweichen läßt, so daß gerade die zuletzt einzufüllende und nur in geringer Menge vorhandene Komponente teilweise entgegen der Füllrichtung weggeblasen werden kann. Es entstünde dann wiederum eine Verfälschung der gesamten Mischung. Solche Verfälschungen der gesamten Mischung durch teilweises Zurückblasen eines Zuschlagstoffes sind vor allem dann gravierend, wenn dieser Zuschlagstoff nur in geringer Menge zugesetzt werden soll, so daß es auf eine sehr genaue Dosierung ankommt.Even if such a mixture component, which is only present in small quantities, is subsequently added to a mixture of larger quantities filled into the weighing container, no satisfactory remedy can be provided, since when the components then lying one above the other are filled in the last part of the filling process, when the connection from the weighing or Charging container in the mixer is no longer completely filled in its cross-section, this free cross-section allows the air under pressure to escape against the filling direction, so that just the last component to be filled in and only present in small quantities can be blown away partially against the filling direction. This would in turn distort the entire mixture. Such adulterations of the entire mixture by partially blowing back an additive are particularly serious if this additive is only to be added in small amounts, so that it is very precise Dosage arrives.

Es besteht deshalb die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, mit dem auch nur in geringer Menge vorgesehene und/oder leichte oder pulverförmige Bestandteile in der vorgesehenen Dosierung vollständig in den unter zumindest zeitweiligem Uberdruck stehenden Mischungsbehälter gelangen. Ferner besteht die Aufgabe, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, mit der auch eine solche in geringer Menge oder leicht aufwirbelbare Mischungskomponente oder auch mehrere derartige Mischungsbestandteile trotz des Überdruckes in den Mischungsbehälter eingefüllt werden können, ohne dabei teilweise zurückgeblasen zu werden, ohne daß technisch schwierige Maßnahmen erforderlich sind.It is therefore the task of creating a method of the type mentioned at the outset, with which even small amounts of provided and / or light or pulverulent constituents in the intended dosage pass completely into the mixture container, which is at least temporarily overpressure. Furthermore, there is the task of creating a device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which such a small amount or easily swirlable mixture component or several such mixture components can be introduced into the mixture container despite the excess pressure, without being partially blown back without technically difficult measures are required.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht das eingangs erwähnte Verfahren darin, daß nach dem Einfüllen des Zuschlagstoffes in den Beschickungsbehälter mindestens eine der Hauptkomponenten eingefüllt wird, wobei der Zuschlagstoff durch diese Hauptkomponente(n) nach oben abgedeckt wird. Diejenige Mischungskomponente, die in jedem Falle vollständig in den Mischer eintreten soll, durchläuft also die Verbindung zwischen dem Wiege- oder Beschickungsbehälter dann, wenn noch der volle Querschnitt dieser Verbindung mit Material ausgefüllt ist, so daß eine entgegengesetzte Strömung von verdrängter Luft nicht möglich ist. Wenn dann das letzte Material aus einem derartig gefüllten Beschickungsbehälter in den Mischer einläuft, ist die Komponente, deren Menge nicht verfälscht werden darf, bereits vollständig im Mischer.To achieve this object, the method mentioned at the outset consists in that at least one of the main components is filled into the loading container after the additive has been introduced, the additive being covered upwards by this main component (s). That component of the mixture that is to enter the mixer completely in any case passes through the connection between the weighing or loading container when the full cross section of this connection is filled with material, so that an opposite flow of displaced air is not possible. Then when the last material from such a filled feed container runs into the mixer, the component, the amount of which must not be falsified, is already completely in the mixer.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es, wenn vor dem Einfüllen des Zuschlagstoffes mindestens eine erste Schicht einer der Hauptkomponenten eingefüllt wird. Auf diese Weise ist der genau zu dosierende Zuschlagstoff allseitig umschlossen und wird um so sicherer in den Mischer gefüllt und gut vermischt. Dabei ist dieser Zuschlagstoff, der auch aus mehreren Komponenten bestehen kann, schon in dosierter Form zwischen weiteren Mischungsbestandteilen angeordnet. Daraus ergibt sich der zusätzliche Vorteil, daß in dem Falle, in welchem ein Verschlußorgan des Wiegebehälters nicht staubdicht ist, nicht schon ein Teil des Zuschlagstoffes aus diesem Behälter austreten kann oder aufwendige Abdichtmaßnahmen erforderlich werden.It is particularly expedient and advantageous if at least a first layer of one of the main components is filled in before the additive is filled. In this way, the additive to be precisely metered is enclosed on all sides and is filled into the mixer and mixed well. This aggregate, which can also consist of several components, is already arranged in a metered form between further mixture components. This results in the additional advantage that in the case in which a closure member of the weighing container is not dustproof, some of the aggregate cannot already emerge from this container or complex sealing measures are required.

Eine noch bessere Einbettung des Zuschlagstoffes ergibt sich, wenn der Zuschlagstoff innerhalb des Beschickungsbehälters tiefer als in halber Höhe der Gesamtfüllung angeordnet wird. Selbst bei einem einseitigen Auslaufen der Mischung aus dem Wiegebehälter in den Mischungsbehälter wird dadurch sichergestellt, daß nicht in der letzten Füllungsphase Teile des nur in geringer Menge vorhandenen Zuschlagstoffes zurückgeblasen werden können.An even better embedding of the additive is obtained if the additive is placed inside the feed container lower than half the height of the total filling. Even if the mixture runs out of one side of the weighing container into the mixing container, this ensures that parts of the aggregate, which is only present in small quantities, cannot be blown back in the last filling phase.

Dabei ist es außerdem möglich, daß der Zuschlagstoff insbesondere zentral derart eingefüllt wird, daß er nur einen Teil der Oberfläche der darunterliegenden Hauptkomponente bedeckt. Nach dem dosierten Füllen des Beschickungs- oder Wiegebehälters befindet sich somit der Zuschlagstoff allseits umschlossen innerhalb der übrigen Mischungsbestandteile, was die spätere Vermischung weiter begünstigt und verhindert, daß von dem Zuschlagstoff ein Teil nicht in den Mischer gelangt.It is also possible that the aggregate is filled centrally, in particular, in such a way that it only covers part of the surface of the underlying main component. After the metered filling of the loading or weighing container, the aggregate is thus enclosed on all sides within the other components of the mixture, which further favors the subsequent mixing and prevents part of the aggregate from not reaching the mixer.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art kann dadurch gekennzeichnet sein, daß oberhalb wenigstens eines ersten Beschickungsbehälters ein zweiter Beschickungsbehälter für den in geringer Menge zuzumischenden Zuschlagstoff vorgesehen ist, dessen Auslaß in den ersten Beschickungsbehälter mündet, daß die Öffnung des zweiten Beschickungsbehälters zeitlich vor der Beschickung des ersten Beschickungsbehälters zumindest mit einem Teil der von diesem zu dosierenden Hauptkomponente(n) öffenbar ist.A device according to the invention of the type mentioned at the outset can be characterized in that a second loading container for the additive to be mixed in a small amount is provided above at least one first loading container, the outlet of which opens into the first loading container such that the opening of the second loading container occurs before the loading of the first loading container can be opened at least with a part of the main component (s) to be metered by the latter.

Durch eine solche Vorrichtung und die zeitliche Zuordnung der Öffnung der Auslässe der Beschickungsbehälter wird sichergestellt, daß der nur in geringer Menge vorliegende oder pulverförmige Zuschlagstoff in den Haupt-Beschickungsbehälter eintritt, bevor dieser alle Hauptkomponenten aufgenommen hat, so daß der Zuschlagstoff in jedem Falle nach der Vordosierung mit einer Schicht der Hauptkomponente(n) zugedeckt ist.Such a device and the timing of the opening of the outlets of the loading container ensures that the small or powdery additive enters the main loading container before it has taken up all the main components, so that the additive in any case after the Predosing is covered with a layer of the main component (s).

Dabei kann der zweite Beschickungsbehälters kleiner aus der Beschickungsbehälter sein, in welchen sein Auslaß mündet. Dadurch wird Platz gespart und der Tatsache Rechnung getragen, daß der nach oben abzudeckende Zuschlagstoff nur in relativ geringer Menge vorgesehen ist.The second loading container can be smaller from the loading container into which its outlet opens. This saves space and takes into account the fact that the aggregate to be covered upwards is only provided in a relatively small amount.

Besonders vorteilhaft kann es sein, wenn eine Steuerung für die Öffnung des zweiten Beschickungsbehälters sowie die Zuführvorrichtung für die Hauptkomponente(n) zu dem ersten Beschickungsbehälter in der Weise vorgesehen ist, daß der zweite Beschickungsbehälter vor der Beendigung der Beschickung mit der oder den Hauptkomponenten geöffnet ist.It can be particularly advantageous if a control for the opening of the second loading container and the feed device for the main component (s) to the first loading container is provided in such a way that the second loading container is opened before the loading of the main component or components .

Vor allem bei Kombination einzelner oder mehrerer der vorbeschriebenen Merkmale und Maßnahmen wird in überraschend einfacher Weise ermöglicht, flüchtige oder nur in geringer Menge vorhandene Mischungsbestandteile vollständig, also ohne Verfälschung der Gesamtmischung in eine schon laufende Mischvorrichtung einfüllen zu können, ohne daß die Gefahr besteht, daß ein solcher mengenmäßig geringerer Mischungsanteil durch teilweises Zurückblasen vermindert und somit die gesamte Mischung verfälscht wird. Dabei sind in vorteilhafter Weise keine schwierigen technischen Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, so daß der Aufwand des Verfahrens selbst und der Aufwand zur Durchführuhg des Verfahrens im RahmenEspecially when combining one or more of the features and measures described above, it is possible in a surprisingly simple manner to be able to fill volatile or only small amounts of mixture components completely, i.e. without adulterating the overall mixture, into an already running mixing device without the risk that Such a smaller proportion of the mixture is reduced by partially blowing back and thus the entire mixture is falsified. There are advantageously no difficult technical measures to be taken, so that the effort of the process itself and the effort to carry out the process in the frame

bisher schon durchgeführter Einfüll-Verfahren bleibt. Es werden jedoch Zusatzmaßnahmen zum Ausgleich von Mischungsverfälschungen, wie sie bei den bisherigen Verfahren auftreten konnten, vermieden.the filling procedure previously carried out remains. However, additional measures to compensate for adulteration of the mixture, as they could occur with the previous methods, are avoided.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung mit ihren ihr als wesentlich zugehörenden Einzelheiten anhand der Zeichnung noch näher beschrieben. Es zeigt in schematisierter Darstellung:

  • Fig. 1 eine teilweise im Schnitt gehaltene Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung mit einem Mischer und zwei übereinander angeordneten Wiege- bzw. Beschickungsbehältern, wobei in den ersten größeren Behälter weitere Dosiervorrichtungen für Mischungsbestandteile münden, sowie
  • Fig. 2
  • bis 4 den ersten Wiege- bzw. Beschickungsbehälter mit dem darüber angeordneten weiteren Beschickungsbehälter, wobei Fig. 2 und 3 die Wirkung auf einen Mischungsbestandteil bei falscher Beschickung verdeutlicht und Fig. 4 die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung darstellt.
The invention is described in more detail below with its details that are essential to it, using the drawing. It shows in a schematic representation:
  • Fig. 1 is a partially sectioned side view of a device with a mixer and two superposed weighing or loading containers, with further metering devices for mixture components opening into the first larger container, and
  • Fig. 2
  • to 4 the first weighing or loading container with the further loading container arranged above it, wherein FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the effect on a component of the mixture in the case of incorrect loading and FIG. 4 shows the arrangement according to the invention.

Ein im ganzen mit 1 bezeichnete Vorrichtung dient zur Herstellung einer Mischung, z. B. einer trockenen Baustoffmischung, wie z. B. Trockenmörtel. Sie weist dazu einen Mischer 2 innerhalb eines Mischbehälters 3 sowie trichterförmige Wiege- und Beschickungsbehälter 4 und 5 zum Dosieren der Mischungsbestandteile sowie eine Zuführung 6 zu dem Mischbehälter 3 auf.A device designated as a whole by 1 is used to produce a mixture, e.g. B. a dry building material mixture, such as. B. dry mortar. For this purpose, it has a mixer 2 within a mixing container 3 and funnel-shaped weighing and loading containers 4 and 5 for metering the mixture components, and a feed 6 to the mixing container 3.

Oberhalb des ersten Beschickungsbehälters 4 ist dabei der zweite Beschickungsbehälter 5 für einen in geringerer Menge vorhandenen Mischbestandteil, z. B. einen Zuschlagstoff vorgesehen, welcher z. B. pulverförmig sein könnte. Der Auslaß 7 des zweiten Beschickungsbehälters 5 mündet dabei in den ersten Beschickungsbehälter 4 und die Öffnung dieses Auslasses 7 des zweiten Beschickungsbehälters 5 erfolgt zeitlich vor der Beschickung des ersten Beschickungsbehälters 4 zumindest mit einem Teil der von diesem zu dosierenden weiteren Mischungsbestandteile.Above the first loading container 4, the second loading container 5 is for a mixed component present in a smaller amount, e.g. B. provided an aggregate, which, for. B. could be powdery. The outlet 7 of the second loading container 5 opens into the first loading container 4 and the opening of this outlet 7 of the second loading container 5 takes place before the first loading container 4 is loaded, at least with part of the further mixture components to be metered by the latter.

Man erkennt in Fig. 1, daß in den ersten Beschickungsbehälter 4 weitere Zuführvorrichtungen 8 und 9 münden, mit denen wesentlich größere Mengen von Mischungsbestandteilen 10 zugeführt werden können. In den Figuren 2 bis 4 sind die Bestandteile 10 als relativ grobe Teile schematisiert dargestellt, während der Zuschlagstoff 11 als entsprechend kleine Teile gezeichnet ist.It can be seen in FIG. 1 that further feed devices 8 and 9 open into the first loading container 4, with which substantially larger quantities of mixture constituents 10 can be fed. In Figures 2 to 4, the components 10 are shown schematically as relatively coarse parts, while the aggregate 11 is drawn as correspondingly small parts.

Die Steuerung für die Öffnung des zweiten Beschickungsbehälters 5 sowie die Steuerung für die Zuführvorrichtungen 8 und 9 für die übrigen Mischungskomponenten zu dem ersten Beschickungsbehälter 4 ist nicht näher dargestellt, jedoch in der Form vorgesehen, daß der zweite Beschickungsbehälter 5 vor der Beendigung der Beschickung des ersten Behälters 4 mit den übrigen Bestandteilen geöffnet und möglichst auch entleert ist. Dadurch ergibt sich die Einlagerung des Mischungsbestandteiles 11 aus diesem Behälter 5 zwischen den übrigen Bestandteilen 10, wie es in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist.The control for the opening of the second feed container 5 and the control for the feed devices 8 and 9 for the remaining mixture components to the first feed container 4 is not shown in detail, but is provided in such a way that the second feed container 5 before the end of the loading of the first Container 4 with the other components is opened and, if possible, also emptied. This results in the storage of the mixture component 11 from this container 5 between the other components 10, as shown in FIG. 4.

Wird nun der Beschickungsbehälter 4 im Anschluß daran in den Behälter 3 entleert, wird dieser relativ leicht aufwirbelbare Bestandteil 11 mitgenommen und in den Behälter 3 übergeführt, bevor in der letzten Entleerungsphase des Behälters 4 Luft gemäß dem Pfeil Pf 1 in Fig. 3 entgegen der Füllrichtung in diesen Behälter 4 zurückströmen und Bestandteile zurückblasen kann. Dies könnte bei einer Befüllung des Behälters 4 entsprechend Fig. 2 geschehen und wird durch die Erfindung vermieden.If the loading container 4 is subsequently emptied into the container 3, this relatively easily swirlable component 11 is taken along and transferred into the container 3 before air in the last emptying phase of the container 4 according to the arrow Pf 1 in FIG. 3 against the filling direction can flow back into this container 4 and blow back components. This could happen when the container 4 is filled according to FIG. 2 and is avoided by the invention.

In Fig. 1 erkennt man noch die Dosiervorrichtung 12, mit der der zweite Beschickungsbehälter 5 gefüllt wird. Ferner erkennt man an dem Beschickungsbehälter 4 einen Entlüftungsstutzen 13 und ebenso erkennt man einen weiteren Stutzen 14 unmittelbar auf dem Mischbehälter 3, an dem gegebenenfalls eine weitere Waage od. dgl. Beschickungsvorrichtung angeordnet werden kann. Schließlich erkennt man oberhalb des Mischbehälters 3 noch einen Entlüftungsstutzen 15 mit einem darüber angeordneten Filter 16, durch den ein Großteil der in dem Mischbehälter 3 befindlichen Luft beim Einfüllen der Mischungsbestandteile 10 und 11 entweichen soll. Aufgrund des Filter-Widerstandes wird jedoch dennoch in dem Mischbehälter 3 ein gewisser Überdruck aufgebaut, der in der letzten Phase der Füllung gemäß Fig. 3 zu einer teilweisen Luftströmung entgegen der Füllrichtung in den Beschickungsbehälter 4 führt.In Fig. 1 you can still see the metering device 12 with which the second feed container 5 is filled. Furthermore, a ventilation nozzle 13 can be seen on the loading container 4, and a further nozzle 14 can also be seen directly on the mixing container 3, on which a further scale or the like. Finally, above the mixing container 3, one can also see a ventilation nozzle 15 with a filter 16 arranged above it, through which a large part of the air in the mixing container 3 is to escape when filling the mixture components 10 and 11. However, due to the filter resistance, a certain overpressure is built up in the mixing container 3, which in the last phase of the filling according to FIG. 3 leads to a partial air flow into the charging container 4 against the filling direction.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht es nun, beim Beschicken des Mischers 2 und seines Behälters 3 mit Mischkomponenten 10 und 11 so zu verfahren, daß die in geringerer Menge vorhandenen, gegebenenfalls staub- oder pulverförmige Komponente 11 in dem Beschickungsbehälter 4 unter anderen, vorzugsweise schwereren und/oder größeren Bestandteilen zumindest einer anderen Mischkomponente 10 angeordnet und nach oben durch diese Mischkomponente abgedeckt wird. Dabei zeigt Fig. 4, daß der Zuschlagstoff 11 innerhalb des Beschickungsbehälters 4 auf einer Unterlage anderer Bestandteile der Mischung angeordnet wird und die weiteren Mischungsbestandteile sowohl seitlich des Zuschlagstoffes 11 als auch über diesem angeordnet werden, so daß nicht nur dieser Bestandteil 11 bereits dann vollständig in den Behälter 3 übergeführt ist, wenn der Luftaustritt gemäß Fig. 3 auch an dem Beschickungsbehälter 4 erfolgt, sondern es wird auch die Vermischung mit den übrigen Bestandteilen begünstigt.The device according to the invention now makes it possible, when loading the mixer 2 and its container 3, with mixing components 10 and 11 in such a way that the component 11, which may be dusty or powdery, is present in a smaller amount in the loading container 4, among other things, preferably heavier and / or larger components of at least one other mixing component 10 and is covered upwards by this mixing component. Fig. 4 shows that the additive 11 is arranged within the loading container 4 on a base of other components of the mixture and the other mixture components are arranged both to the side of the additive 11 and above it, so that not only this component 11 is then completely in the container 3 is transferred when the air outlet according to FIG. 3 also takes place on the charging container 4, but mixing with the other constituents is also favored.

Fig. 4 zeigt ferner, daß der Zuschlagstoff oder Mischungsbestandteil 11 innerhalb des ersten Beschickungsbehälters 4 etwa unter der Hälfte des Gesamtvolumens der weiteren Bestandteile angeordnet werden kann.Fig. 4 also shows that the aggregate or Mixture component 11 can be arranged within the first loading container 4 approximately under half the total volume of the further components.

Claims (7)

1. A process for feeding a mixer (2) with a plurality of mix components which are dry and powdery at least in part, e.g. for a building material mix, wherein at least one of the mix components as the main component (10) is of relatively heavy and/or coarse constituents, wherein at least one of the mix components as the aggregate (11) is of relatively light, powdery or finely divided constituents, the aggregate (11) being of relatively small quantity in comparison to the main component (10), wherein the mix components are charged into a feeding vessel (4) in a weighed and/or metered state and wherein after all the mix components have been charged the entire material to be mixed is discharged into the mixer (2), characterized in that after the aggregate (11) has been charged into the feeding vessel (4) at least one of the main components is charged, the aggregate (11) being upwardly covered by these main component(s) (10).
2. The process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that before the aggregate (11) is charged at least a first layer of one of the main components (10) is charged.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the aggregate (11) is disposed within the feeding vessel (4) lower than half the height of the entire charge.
4. The process as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the aggregate (11) is charged in particular centrally in such a way as to cover only part of the surface of the underlying main component (10).
5. A device (1) for filling a mixer (2) with mix components, in particular for a building material mix, wherein one constituent of the mixture is provided as the aggregate (11) in only small quantity, the device (1) having preferably funnel- shaped weighing and feeding vessels (4, 5) with metering means for the constituents of the mixture as well as a supply (6) from the feeding vessel(s) (4, 5) to the mixer (2), characterized in that above at least a first feeding vessel (4) there is provided a second feeding vessel (5) for the aggregate (11) to be admixed in small quantity, the outlet (7) of said second feeding vessel ending in the first feeding vessel (4), that the opening of the second feeding vessel (5) is adapted to be opened prior in time to the first feeding vessel (4) being fed with at least part of the main component(s) (10) to be metered out thereby.
6. The device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the second feeding vessel (5) is smaller than the feeding vessel (4).
7. The device as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that a control for the opening of the second feeding vessel (5) as well as for the device or supplying the main component(s) (10) to the first feeding vessel (4) is provided in such a manner that the second feeding vessel (5) is opened before finishing feeding the main component(s) (10).
EP84101694A 1983-04-22 1984-02-18 Process and device for feeding a mixer Expired EP0123041B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84101694T ATE40305T1 (en) 1983-04-22 1984-02-18 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FEED A MIXER.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3314716A DE3314716C2 (en) 1983-04-22 1983-04-22 Method for feeding a mixer with several dry mixing components
DE3314716 1983-04-22
DE3323766 1983-07-01
DE19833323766 DE3323766A1 (en) 1983-07-01 1983-07-01 Process and device for preparing a mixture of a plurality of components

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0123041A2 EP0123041A2 (en) 1984-10-31
EP0123041A3 EP0123041A3 (en) 1986-11-12
EP0123041B1 true EP0123041B1 (en) 1989-01-25

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ID=25810235

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84101694A Expired EP0123041B1 (en) 1983-04-22 1984-02-18 Process and device for feeding a mixer

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EP (1) EP0123041B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3476343D1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3930954C2 (en) * 1989-09-15 1995-07-13 Herfeld Gmbh & Co Kg Dr Mixing device
SE504504C2 (en) * 1995-06-16 1997-02-24 Conny Andersson Method and apparatus for homogenization of bulk goods
WO2005005029A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2005-01-20 Charl Marais Apparatus for the mixing of particulate materials
ES2332079B1 (en) * 2008-07-22 2010-10-27 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas (Csic) PROCEDURE FOR THE DISPERSION OF DRY NANOPARTICLES AND THE OBTAINING OF HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURES AND COATINGS.
CN106808589A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 衡阳双雁运输机械有限公司 A kind of quick mortar mixer of multipurpose

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1531817A1 (en) * 1967-07-20 1969-09-25 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Device for the simultaneous loading of a container, in particular a bunker, silo or reactor, with one piece and one fine-grained product
CH613631A5 (en) * 1976-01-22 1979-10-15 Walter Kramer
AU514222B2 (en) * 1976-05-25 1981-01-29 Shepherd L D Dry mixing process

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EP0123041A3 (en) 1986-11-12
EP0123041A2 (en) 1984-10-31

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