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EP0108035A1 - Process and apparatus for the electrodeposition of composite coatings - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the electrodeposition of composite coatings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108035A1
EP0108035A1 EP83810421A EP83810421A EP0108035A1 EP 0108035 A1 EP0108035 A1 EP 0108035A1 EP 83810421 A EP83810421 A EP 83810421A EP 83810421 A EP83810421 A EP 83810421A EP 0108035 A1 EP0108035 A1 EP 0108035A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
coated
workpiece
suspension
feed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83810421A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0108035B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-François Paulet
Othmar Eisenlohr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto Switzerland AG
Original Assignee
Alusuisse Holdings AG
Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Alusuisse Holdings AG, Schweizerische Aluminium AG filed Critical Alusuisse Holdings AG
Priority to AT83810421T priority Critical patent/ATE31199T1/en
Publication of EP0108035A1 publication Critical patent/EP0108035A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0108035B1 publication Critical patent/EP0108035B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for the galvanic application of a metal coating containing solid particles on surfaces of metallic workpieces.
  • the method makes use of an electrolyte containing at least one dissolved metal salt and solid particles held in suspension, hereinafter referred to as suspension electrolyte.
  • the device required to carry out this method has a treatment container for receiving this suspension electrolyte and an anode, the workpiece to be treated being connected cathodically.
  • metals in the technical field in many cases requires an improvement in the surface properties, in particular the abrasion resistance, hardness and sliding or wear properties.
  • numerous applications of aluminum in automotive and mechanical engineering are only possible in combination with hard and wear-resistant coatings.
  • the galvanic deposition of a metal layer with the simultaneous incorporation of hard material particles is a simple and suitable way for many wear problems to improve the surface.
  • the dispersion layers - the nickel / silicon carbide system is used with advantage in many cases - that by co-separating solid particles from a suspension electrode
  • the formation of trolytes shows versatile properties due to the matrix material, the particle material, the particle size and distribution.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages.
  • This object is achieved by a method according to which the cathodically switched workpiece surface to be coated in the treatment bath is flowed through by homogeneous suspension electrolytes supplied by means of at least one feed tube which is moved along this surface at a distance therefrom and is provided with at least one outlet opening.
  • the suspension electrolyte supplied is preferably removed from the treatment bath in such a way that the suspension electrolyte used as the treatment bath is circulated through the feed pipes provided with outlet openings.
  • the device for carrying out this method has at least one feed pipe which projects into the treatment bath and is provided with at least one outlet opening, and means suitable for moving this feed pipe (s) along the workpiece surface to be coated.
  • the feed pipe can be movably mounted on a guide rail, preferably arranged above the bath, and can be moved back and forth along this rail.
  • the feed tube (s) is connected to a connecting tube to form a hollow axis which the supplied suspension electrolyte is fed into.
  • These components together form a rotor. Only an inner or only an outer surface, or an inner and an outer surface of the cylindrical or conical workpiece can be coated.
  • the feed pipe is expediently arranged parallel to the surface to be treated and has lateral outlet openings directed towards the surface mentioned, which can be nozzle-shaped or slot-shaped.
  • the feed tube is equipped with nozzles over the same length as the width of the workpiece surface to be coated.
  • the surface of the workpiece not to be coated is then covered with a reserve.
  • the distance between the feed pipe and the surface to be coated is generally advantageously smaller than the distance between this surface and the anode arranged in the treatment bath.
  • the workpiece surface to be coated is regularly subjected to the electrolyte suspension in which the solid particles are homogeneously distributed, with the result that regular co-deposition of the solid particles and the metal, e.g. for the purpose of generating the brake pad.
  • the spacing of the Zugarun srohre g, continuously homogenized by the nozzles of the suspension of electrolyte are on the workpiece to be coated surface passing from the workpiece to be coated surface, and the flow rate of the applied suspension electrolyte must selected so that the nozzle leaving electrolyte flow in moving feed pipes, the clips workpiece to be coated surface without the solid particles in the suspension electrolyte - e.g. silicon carbide particles, which are known to have a very abrasive effect as abrasives - do not damage or even partially remove the already deposited metal layer. Due to the favorable geometry of the device described, a very regular deposition is achieved, which is equally strong per workpiece surface unit. The time-consuming mechanical post-processing of the deposited dispersion layer, as had to be carried out using previously known devices, is reduced or is no longer necessary.
  • a dome-shaped cover 1 with a diameter D is supported, possibly via a seal 10, on the cylindrical wall 21 of a metal brake drum 2 with a base 22 and a hub 23.
  • Bottom 22, hub 23 and wall 21 form a container in the horizontal position of the bottom 22 for receiving the suspension electrolyte, the inner opening of the hub 23 serving as an overflow U.
  • a rotatable hollow shaft 3, which is guided by a ball bearing 30, is arranged centrally in the cover 1 and enters a chamber K formed by the cover 1 and the brake drum 2 protrudes.
  • connection tubes 41 Connected to the hollow, tubular part of the axis 3 in the chamber K are connection tubes 41, which are approximately perpendicular to it and to which are attached supply pipes 42 parallel to the axis 3 with nozzles 43 directed towards the braking surface 24, these components 3, 41 and 41 together form a rotor R.
  • An electrically insulating cap 5 is placed on the inside of the chamber of the hub 23, against which an electrically conductive, cylindrical, reticulated anode basket 6 with an electrical supply line 61 is supported, in which the anode metal 7 is in the form of pellets or granules .
  • the brake drum 2 and the basket 6 are thus electrically insulated from one another.
  • the rotor R formed from the axis 3, the connecting tubes 41 and the feed tubes 42 with nozzles 43 consists of a chemically resistant and the. electrical current non-conductive material, e.g. B. plastic, especially polypropylene.
  • the cover 1 and the brake drum could be arranged rotatably about the axis 3, they usually remain stationary; they form a stator.
  • Chamber K is filled up to the level of the inner part of the hub 23 with the electrolyte E containing solid particles, that is to say the suspension electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte E containing solid particles
  • Ueberschüssi he g electrolyte runs over the overflow from underground.
  • the brake drum 2 is connected cathodically, the basket 6 with the anode metal 7 anodically.
  • suspension electrolyte in which the solid particles are distributed high, is continuously fed into the chamber K.
  • This supply takes place through the inlet connection 81 of the feed chamber 8, from where the electrolyte reaches the rotor R via the bores 31, exits through the nozzles 43 and meets the braking surface 24 to be coated.
  • the excess electrolyte suspension flows off via the overflow U and - not shown in the drawing - can be returned to the inlet connection 81 with the aid of a pump.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The homogeneity of the electrolyte bath close to the surface to be coated is of great importance when depositing dispersion coatings by electrolyte co-precipitation of solid particles in suspension and at least one dissolved metal salt. Homogenous suspension electrolyte is made to flow continuously onto the surface (24) to be coated with the help of at least one feed pipe (42) which features outlets (43) directed at that surface (24) and which moves along adjacent to the said surface (24). The said feed pipe (42) is connected via a pipe (41) to a hollow axle (3) and such that these parts together form a rotor. The workpiece (2) to be coated can at the same time serve as the container for the electrolyte bath.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum galvanischen Aufbringen einer Feststoffteilchen enthaltenden Metallbeschichtung auf Flächen von metallischen Werkstücken. Das Verfahren macht Gebrauch von einem mindestens ein gelöstes Metallsalz sowie in Suspension gehaltene Feststoffteilchen enthaltenden Elektrolyten, nachstehend Suspensionselektrolyt genannt. Die zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens benötigte Vorrichtung weist einen Behandlungsbehälter zur Aufnahme dieses Suspensionselektrolyten sowie eine Anode auf, wobei das zu behandelnde Werkstück kathodisch geschaltet wird.The present invention relates to a method and a device for the galvanic application of a metal coating containing solid particles on surfaces of metallic workpieces. The method makes use of an electrolyte containing at least one dissolved metal salt and solid particles held in suspension, hereinafter referred to as suspension electrolyte. The device required to carry out this method has a treatment container for receiving this suspension electrolyte and an anode, the workpiece to be treated being connected cathodically.

Die Anwendung von Metallen im technischen Bereich erfordert in vielen Fällen eine Verbesserung der Oberflächeneigenschaften, insbesondere der Abriebfestigkeit, Härte- und Gleit- bzw. Verschleisseigenschaften. Insbesondere sind zahlreiche Anwendungen von Aluminium im Automobil- und Maschinenbau nur in Kombination mit harten und verschleissfesten Beschichtungen möglich. Die galvanische Abscheidung einer Metallschicht mit gleichzeitiger Einlagerung von Hartstoffpartikeln stellt eine einfache und für viele Verschleissprobleme geeignete Möglichkeit dar, die Oberfläche zu verbessern.The use of metals in the technical field in many cases requires an improvement in the surface properties, in particular the abrasion resistance, hardness and sliding or wear properties. In particular, numerous applications of aluminum in automotive and mechanical engineering are only possible in combination with hard and wear-resistant coatings. The galvanic deposition of a metal layer with the simultaneous incorporation of hard material particles is a simple and suitable way for many wear problems to improve the surface.

Die Dispersionsschichten --mit Vorteil wird in vielen Fällen das System Nickel/Siliziumkarbid verwendet--, die durch Mitabscheidung fester Teilchen aus einem Suspensionselektrolyten entstehen, zeigen durch das Matrixmaterial, den Teilchenwerkstoff, die Teilchengrösse und -verteilung vielseitige Eigenschaften.The dispersion layers - the nickel / silicon carbide system is used with advantage in many cases - that by co-separating solid particles from a suspension electrode The formation of trolytes shows versatile properties due to the matrix material, the particle material, the particle size and distribution.

Die Herstellung galvanischer Dispersionsschichten ist bereits seit einigen Jahrzehnten bekannt. Dazu verwendbare Vorrichtungen sind z. B. in der Zeitschrift "Schmiertechnik", 11, (1980), Seiten 81 - 86 beschrieben. In einem früheren Artikel in der Zeitschrift "Oberflächentechnik", (1975), Seiten 45 - 52, wird insbesondere darauf hingewiesen, dass die Badbewegung eine sehr grosse Bedeutung für die Einbaurate der Festteilchen in das abgeschiedene Metall hat. Es wird vorgeschlagen, die Badbewegung durch Einblasen von Luft, Umwälzen des Elektrolyten oder mit Hilfe eines Rührers zu bewirken. Die Badbewegung soll bewirken, dass die Feststoffteilchen zusammen mit dem Elektrolyten an eine oberhalb des Werkstücks gelegenen Stelle gelangen, so dass sie sich durch Schwerkraftwirkung auf die Oberfläche des Werkstücks absetzen können und durch den Metallbelag gebunden werden.The production of galvanic dispersion layers has been known for several decades. Devices that can be used are e.g. B. in the magazine "Schmiertechnik", 11, (1980), pages 81-86. In an earlier article in the journal "Oberflächentechnik" (1975), pages 45-52, it is pointed out in particular that the bath movement is of very great importance for the rate of incorporation of the solid particles into the deposited metal. It is proposed to effect the bath movement by blowing in air, circulating the electrolyte or using a stirrer. The bath movement is intended to cause the solid particles together with the electrolyte to reach a location above the workpiece, so that they can settle onto the surface of the workpiece due to the action of gravity and are bound by the metal coating.

Die Badbewegung mit Hilfe von Rührern bekannter Art oder einer Umwälzung ist wenig geeignet, da Aenderungen der Turbulenzen entlang der zu beschichtenden Werkstücke eine ungleichmässige Feststoffeinlagerung ergeben. Obwohl durch Lufteinblasen bessere Ergebnisse als bei den vorher 'genannnten Massnahmen erzielt werden, ist diese Methode insofern nicht geeignet, da sie zu Inhomogenitäten bzw. Konzentrationsunterschieden im Suspensionselektrolyten, und damit auch zu unregelmässigen Einbauraten des dispergierten Stoffes führt.The bath movement with the help of stirrers of a known type or a circulation is not very suitable, since changes in the turbulence along the workpieces to be coated result in an uneven storage of solids. Although by L ufteinblasen better results than the previously 'genannnten measures achieved, this method is not suitable insofar as they onzentrationsunterschieden in suspension electrolyte to inhomogeneities or K, and thus leads to irregular incorporation rates of the dispersed material.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, diese Nachteile zu beheben.The object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe führt ein Verfahren, wonach die zu beschichtende, kathodisch geschaltete Werkstückoberfläche im Behandlungsbad von mittels mindestens eines entlang dieser Oberfläche im Abstand davon bewegten, mit mindestens einer Austrittsöffnung versehenen Zuführungsrohres zugeführten homogenen Suspensionselektrolyten angeströmt wird.This object is achieved by a method according to which the cathodically switched workpiece surface to be coated in the treatment bath is flowed through by homogeneous suspension electrolytes supplied by means of at least one feed tube which is moved along this surface at a distance therefrom and is provided with at least one outlet opening.

Dabei wird vorzugsweise der zugeführte Suspensionselektrolyt dem Behandlungsbad derart entnommen, dass eine Umwälzung des als Behandlungsbad eingesetzten Suspensionselektrolyten über die mit Austrittsöffnungen versehenen Zuführungsrohre stattfindet.The suspension electrolyte supplied is preferably removed from the treatment bath in such a way that the suspension electrolyte used as the treatment bath is circulated through the feed pipes provided with outlet openings.

Die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens weist mindestens ein in das Behandlungsbad ragendes, mit mindestens einer Austrittsöffnung versehenes Zufühungsrohr sowie zur Bewegung dieses(r) Zuführungsrohrs (-rohre) entlang der zu beschichteten Werkstückoberfläche geeigneten Mitteln auf.The device for carrying out this method has at least one feed pipe which projects into the treatment bath and is provided with at least one outlet opening, and means suitable for moving this feed pipe (s) along the workpiece surface to be coated.

Zur Beschichtung von ebenen oder gewölbten Oberflächen kann das Zuführungsrohr auf einer vorzugsweise oberhalb des Bades angeordneten Führungsschiene beweglich montiert sein und entlang dieser Schiene hin- und herbewegt werden.To coat flat or curved surfaces, the feed pipe can be movably mounted on a guide rail, preferably arranged above the bath, and can be moved back and forth along this rail.

Zur Beschichtung von Flächen von zylindrischen bzw. konischen Werkstücken wird das oder die Zuführungsrohr(e) mit einem Verbindungsrohr zu einer Hohlachse verbunden, durch welche der zugeführte Suspensionselektrolyt eingespeist wird. Diese Bestandteile bilden zusammen einen Rotor. Es kann dabei nur eine innere oder nur eine äussere Oberfläche, bzw eine innere und eine äussere Oberfläche des zylindrischen bzw. konischen Werkstückes beschichtet werden.To coat surfaces of cylindrical or conical workpieces, the feed tube (s) is connected to a connecting tube to form a hollow axis which the supplied suspension electrolyte is fed into. These components together form a rotor. Only an inner or only an outer surface, or an inner and an outer surface of the cylindrical or conical workpiece can be coated.

Zweckmässigerweise ist dabei das Zuführungsrohr parallel zu der zu behandelnden Oberfläche angeordnet und weist seitliche, gegen die genannte Oberfläche gerichtete Austrittsöffnungen auf, welche düsen- oder schlitzförmig sein können.In this case, the feed pipe is expediently arranged parallel to the surface to be treated and has lateral outlet openings directed towards the surface mentioned, which can be nozzle-shaped or slot-shaped.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist das Zuführungsrohr auf der gleichen Länge wie die Breite der zu beschichtenden Werkstücksfläche mit Düsen besetzt. Die nicht zu beschichtende Fläche des Werkstückes wird dann mit einer Reserve überzogen.According to a further feature of the invention, the feed tube is equipped with nozzles over the same length as the width of the workpiece surface to be coated. The surface of the workpiece not to be coated is then covered with a reserve.

Ferner ist generell der Abstand zwischen dem Zuführungsrohr und der zu beschichteten Oberfläche vorteilhafterweise kleiner als der Abstand zwischen dieser Oberfläche und der im Behandlungsbad angeordneten Anode.Furthermore, the distance between the feed pipe and the surface to be coated is generally advantageously smaller than the distance between this surface and the anode arranged in the treatment bath.

Als besonders günstig hat es sich für die Beschichtung der Innenfläche eines hohlen Werkstückes erwiesen, dieses Werkstück direkt als Elektrolysebadbehälter zu verwenden und dazu nötigenfalls unten mit einem Boden zu verschliessen. "Dabei ist es bei zu beschichteten zylindrischen oder konischen Werkstückoberflächen von Vorteil, die Anode als Hohlzylinder auszubilden bzw. einen Anodenkorb dieser Form zu verwenden. Eine derartige Anordnung hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die Innenflächen von zylindrischen Automobilteilen --z.B. alleinstehende oder in Felgen integrierte Bremstrommeln--, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen, mit einem Nickel/Siliziumkarbid-Dispersionsüberzug zu versehen sind. Falls solche Trommelbremsen an ihrem Boden Schraubenlöcher aufweisen, können diese mit Zapfen verschlossen werden.It has proven to be particularly favorable for coating the inner surface of a hollow workpiece to use this workpiece directly as an electrolysis bath container and, if necessary, to close it with a bottom at the bottom. " In the case of cylindrical or conical workpiece surfaces that are to be coated, it is advantageous to design the anode as a hollow cylinder or to use an anode basket of this shape. Such an arrangement has proven to be special It is advantageous if the inner surfaces of cylindrical automobile parts - e.g. brake drums that stand alone or are integrated in rims -, in particular made of aluminum or aluminum alloys, must be provided with a nickel / silicon carbide dispersion coating. If such drum brakes have screw holes on their base, they can be closed with pins.

Bei einer solchen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung wird mit Hilfe des rotierenden Rotors die zu beschichtende Werkstücksfläche regelmässig mit der Elektrolytsuspension, in der die Feststoffteilchen homogen verteilt sind, beaufschlagt, mit dem Ergebnis, dass eine regelmässige Mitabscheidung der Feststoffteilchen und des Metalls, z.B. zwecks Erzeugung des Bremsbelages, erfolgt.In such an embodiment of the device according to the invention, the workpiece surface to be coated is regularly subjected to the electrolyte suspension in which the solid particles are homogeneously distributed, with the result that regular co-deposition of the solid particles and the metal, e.g. for the purpose of generating the brake pad.

Der Abstand der Zuführungsrohre, durch deren Düsen ständig homogenisierter Suspensionselektrolyt auf die zu beschichtende Werkstücksfläche gelangt von der zu beschichtenden Werkstücksfläche sowie die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des beaufschlagten Suspensionselektrolyten müssen so gewählt werden, dass der die Düsen verlassende Elektrolytenstrom bei sich bewegenden Zuführungsrohren die zu beschichtende Werkstücksfläche streift, ohne dass jedoch die im Suspensionselektrolyten befindlichen Feststoffteilchen --z.B. Siliziumkarbidteilchen, die bekanntlich als Schleifmittel sehr abrasive Wirkung zeigen-- die bereits abgeschiedene Metallschicht verletzen oder gar teilweise wieder abtragen. Durch die günstige Geometrie der beschriebenen Vorrichtung wird eine sehr regelmässige, pro Werkstucksflächeneinheit gleichstarke Abscheidung erzielt. Die aufwendige mechanische Nachbearbeitung der abgeschiedenen Dispersionsschicht, wie sie bei Verwendung bisher bekannter Vorrichtungen ausgeführt werden musste, wird reduziert oder ist gar nicht mehr notwendig.The spacing of the Zuführun srohre g, continuously homogenized by the nozzles of the suspension of electrolyte are on the workpiece to be coated surface passing from the workpiece to be coated surface, and the flow rate of the applied suspension electrolyte must selected so that the nozzle leaving electrolyte flow in moving feed pipes, the clips workpiece to be coated surface without the solid particles in the suspension electrolyte - e.g. silicon carbide particles, which are known to have a very abrasive effect as abrasives - do not damage or even partially remove the already deposited metal layer. Due to the favorable geometry of the device described, a very regular deposition is achieved, which is equally strong per workpiece surface unit. The time-consuming mechanical post-processing of the deposited dispersion layer, as had to be carried out using previously known devices, is reduced or is no longer necessary.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung wiedergegebenen für die Beschichtung von Bremstrommeln bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • - Figur 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen galvanisch abgeschiedener Disnersionsschichten;
  • - Figur 2 zeigt eine teilweise-geschnittene perspektivische Darstellung der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing for the coating of brake drums. It shows
  • - Figure 1 shows a cross section through a device for applying electrodeposited dispersion layers;
  • - Figure 2 shows a partially sectioned perspective view of the device of FIG. 1st

Eine haubenförmige Abdeckung 1.mit Durchmesser D stützt sich - gegebenenfalls über eine Dichtung 10 - auf die zylindrische Wandung 21 einer Bremstrommel 2 aus Metall mit Boden 22 und Nabe 23 ab. Boden 22, Nabe 23 und Wandung 21 bilden in horizontaler .Lage des Bodens 22 ein Behältnis zur Aufnahme des Suspensionselektrolyten, wobei die innere Oeffnung der Nabe 23 als Ueberlauf U dient. Zentral in der Abdeckung 1 ist eine drehbare, durch ein Kugellager 30 geführte Hohlachse 3 angeordnet, welche in eine durch die Abdeckung 1 und die Bremstrommel 2 gebildete Kammer K einragt. Oberhalb des Lagers 30 befindet sich eine mit Dich- tungsringen 82 versehenen Einspeisekammer 8 mit Eintrittstutzen 81, wobei der in der Einspeisekammer 8 befindliche Bereich der Achse 3 Bohrungen 31 aufweist. Ein aus der Einspeisekammer 8 ragender Teil der Achse 3 wird mit einem Motor verbunden. An den hohlen, rohrförmingen Teil der Achse 3 schliessen sich in der Kammer K etwa senkrecht dazu stehende Verbindungsröhren 41 an, an denen zur Achse 3 parallele Zuführungsrohre 42 mit zur Bremsfläche 24 gerichteten Düsen 43 angebracht sind, wobei diese Bestandteile 3, 41 und 41 zusammen einen Rotor R bilden.A dome-shaped cover 1 with a diameter D is supported, possibly via a seal 10, on the cylindrical wall 21 of a metal brake drum 2 with a base 22 and a hub 23. Bottom 22, hub 23 and wall 21 form a container in the horizontal position of the bottom 22 for receiving the suspension electrolyte, the inner opening of the hub 23 serving as an overflow U. A rotatable hollow shaft 3, which is guided by a ball bearing 30, is arranged centrally in the cover 1 and enters a chamber K formed by the cover 1 and the brake drum 2 protrudes. Above the bearing 30, a tung wrestle with D I- 82 feed chamber 8 is provided with inlet connection 81, wherein the feed chamber 8 located in the region of the axis 3 having holes 31st A part of the axis 3 protruding from the feed chamber 8 is connected to a motor. Connected to the hollow, tubular part of the axis 3 in the chamber K are connection tubes 41, which are approximately perpendicular to it and to which are attached supply pipes 42 parallel to the axis 3 with nozzles 43 directed towards the braking surface 24, these components 3, 41 and 41 together form a rotor R.

Auf das kammerinnere Ende der Nabe 23 ist eine elektrisch isolierende Kappe 5 aufgelegt, gegen die sich ein elektrisch leitender, zylindrisch ausgebildeter, netzförmiger und mit einer elektrischen Zuleitung 61 versehener Anodenkorb 6 abstützt, in welchem sich das Anodenmetall 7 in Form von Pellets oder Granulat befindet. Die Bremstrommel 2 und der Korb 6 sind somit gegeneinander elektrisch isoliert.An electrically insulating cap 5 is placed on the inside of the chamber of the hub 23, against which an electrically conductive, cylindrical, reticulated anode basket 6 with an electrical supply line 61 is supported, in which the anode metal 7 is in the form of pellets or granules . The brake drum 2 and the basket 6 are thus electrically insulated from one another.

Der aus der Achse 3, den Verbindungsröhren 41 und den Zuführungsrohren 42 mit Düsen 43 gebildete Rotor R besteht aus einem chemisch resistenten und den. elektrischen Strom nicht leitenden Material, z. B. Kunststoff, insbesondere Polypropylen. Obwohl die Abdeckung 1 und die Bremstrommel um die Achse 3 drehbar angeordnet werden könnten, bleiben sie üblicherweise feststehend; sie bilden also quasi einen .Stator.The rotor R formed from the axis 3, the connecting tubes 41 and the feed tubes 42 with nozzles 43 consists of a chemically resistant and the. electrical current non-conductive material, e.g. B. plastic, especially polypropylene. Although the cover 1 and the brake drum could be arranged rotatably about the axis 3, they usually remain stationary; they form a stator.

Zum galvanischen Aufbringen einer Feststoffteilchen enthaltenden Metallbeschichtung auf die Bremsfläche 24 wird die Kammer K bis zur Höhe des Innenteils der Nabe 23 mit dem Feststoffteilchen enthaltenden Elektrolyten E, also dem Suspensionelektrolyten, aufgefüllt. Ueberschüssiger Elektrolyt läuft über den Ueberlauf U ab. Die Bremstrommel 2 wird kathodisch, der Korb 6 mit dem Anodenmetall 7 anodisch geschaltet. Bei drehendem Rotor R wird in die Kammer K zusätzlich ständig Suspensionselektrolyt zugeführt, in welchem die Feststoffteilchen ho»cgen verteilt sind. Diese Zuführung erfolgt durch den Eintrittstutzen 81 der Einspeisekammer 8, von wo der Elektrolyt über die Bohrungen 31 in den Rotor R gelangt, durch die Düsen 43 austritt und auf die zu beschichtende Bremsfläche 24 trifft. Die überschüssige Elektrolytsuspension fliesst über den Ueberlauf U ab und kann - in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt - mit Hilfe einer Pumpe dem Eintrittstutzen 81 wieder zugeführt werden.For the galvanic application of a metal coating containing solid particles onto the braking surface 24 Chamber K is filled up to the level of the inner part of the hub 23 with the electrolyte E containing solid particles, that is to say the suspension electrolyte. Ueberschüssi he g electrolyte runs over the overflow from underground. The brake drum 2 is connected cathodically, the basket 6 with the anode metal 7 anodically. When the rotor R is rotating, suspension electrolyte, in which the solid particles are distributed high, is continuously fed into the chamber K. This supply takes place through the inlet connection 81 of the feed chamber 8, from where the electrolyte reaches the rotor R via the bores 31, exits through the nozzles 43 and meets the braking surface 24 to be coated. The excess electrolyte suspension flows off via the overflow U and - not shown in the drawing - can be returned to the inlet connection 81 with the aid of a pump.

Claims (11)

1. Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Dispersionsbeschichtunqen auf metallische Werkstückoberflächen durch elektrolytisches Abscheiden aus einem mindestens ein gelöstes Metallsalz sowie in Suspension gehaltenen Feststoffteilchen enthaltenden, das Behandlungsbad bildenden Elektrolyten (Suspensionselektrolyt),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die zu beschichtende, kathodisch geschaltete Werkstückoberfläche im Behandlungsbad mit homogenem Suspensionselektrolyten angeströmt wird, der mittels mindestens eines entlang dieser Oberfläche, in Abstand davon bewegten, mit mindestens einer Austrittsöffnung versehenen Zuführungsrohres zugeführt wird.1. Process for producing dispersion coatings on metallic workpiece surfaces by electrolytic deposition from an electrolyte (suspension electrolyte) forming the treatment bath and containing at least one dissolved metal salt and solid particles held in suspension,
characterized,
that the cathode-switched workpiece surface to be coated is flowed with in the treatment bath with homogeneous suspension electrolyte, which is supplied by means of at least one feed tube provided with at least one outlet opening and moved along this surface at a distance from it. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der das Behandlungsbad bildende Suspensionselektrolyt über das (die) bewegte(n) Zuführungsrohr(e) umgewälzt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension electrolyte forming the treatment bath is circulated over the moving feed tube (s). 3. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 mit einem Behälter für das Behandlungsbad und einem Anodensystem, wobei das Werkstück als Kathode geschaltet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens ein in das Behandlungsbad ragendes, mit mindestens einer Austrittsöffnung versehenes Zuführungsrohr, sowie zur Bewegung dieses(r) Zuführungsrohres(-rohre) entlang der zu beschichtenden Werkstückoberfläche geeignete Mittel aufweist.3. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 with a container for the treatment bath and an anode system, the workpiece being connected as a cathode, characterized in that it has at least one feed pipe which projects into the treatment bath and is provided with at least one outlet opening, and for movement this (r) feed pipe (s) along the workpiece surface to be coated has suitable means. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die Beschichtung von zylindrischen oder konischen Flächen das (die) mit Austrittsöffnungen (43) versehene(n) Zuführungsrohr(e) (42) über ein Verbindungsrohr 41 mit einer drehbaren Hohlachse (3) verbunden ist (sind), wobei das (die) Verbindungsrohr(e) (41) sowie die Hohlachse (3) als Zuleitung für den Suspensionselektrolyten zu dem (den) Zuführungsrohr(en) (42) dient(en).4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that for the coating of cylindrical or conical surfaces, the feed pipe (s) provided with outlet openings (43) (42) via a connecting pipe 41 with a rotatable hollow axis (3). is (are) connected, the connecting pipe (s) (41) and the hollow shaft (3) serving as feed line for the suspension electrolyte to the feed pipe (s) (42). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hohlachse (3) durch ein Lager, insbesondere Kugellager (30), geführt wird und eine Einspeisekammer (8) mit Eintrittstutzen (81) durchläuft, wobei sie in deren Bereich Einlassbohrungen (31) aufweist.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the hollow axis (3) is guided by a bearing, in particular ball bearing (30), and passes through a feed chamber (8) with inlet connection piece (81), in the area of which there are inlet bores (31). having. 6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zuführungsrohr (42) auf einer der Breite (B) der zu beschichtenden Werkstücksfläche (24) entsprechenden Länge mit Austrittsöffnungen (43) besetzt ist.6. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the feed pipe (42) on a width (B) of the workpiece surface to be coated (24) corresponding length with exit openings (43) is occupied. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand des Zuführungsrohrs (42) zur Werkstücksfläche (24) kleiner ist als der Abstand dieser Fläche zur Anode (6).7. Device according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the distance of the feed tube (42) to the workpiece surface (24) is smaller than the distance of this surface to the anode (6). 8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behandlungsbadbehälter durch das Werkstück (2) selbst gebildet ist, dessen Innenfläche (24) zu beschichten ist.8. Device according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the treatment bath container is formed by the workpiece (2) itself, the inner surface (24) of which is to be coated. 9. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anode als hohlzylindrisbher, mit Anodenmetall gefüllter Anodenkorb (6) ausgebildet ist.9. Device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the anode is designed as a hollow-cylindrical anode basket (6) filled with anode metal. 10. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 für Werkstücke aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung.10. Application of the method according to claim 1 for workpieces made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 11. Anwendung nach Anspruch 10 zum Beschichten der Bremsfläche (24) einer Bremstrommel (2).11. Application according to claim 10 for coating the braking surface (24) of a brake drum (2).
EP83810421A 1982-10-06 1983-09-23 Process and apparatus for the electrodeposition of composite coatings Expired EP0108035B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83810421T ATE31199T1 (en) 1982-10-06 1983-09-23 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING DISPERSION COATINGS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH586082 1982-10-06
CH5860/82 1982-10-06

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EP0108035A1 true EP0108035A1 (en) 1984-05-09
EP0108035B1 EP0108035B1 (en) 1987-12-02

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US (1) US4498967A (en)
EP (1) EP0108035B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5985898A (en)
AT (1) ATE31199T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1230076A (en)
DE (2) DE3241452C2 (en)

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EP0190539A1 (en) * 1985-01-17 1986-08-13 Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ag Apparatus for the electrodeposition of composite coatings
DE19702366A1 (en) * 1996-01-24 1997-08-07 Toyoda Gosei Kk Coating a metal substrate
US5865976A (en) * 1994-10-07 1999-02-02 Toyoda Gosei Co., Inc. Plating method
CN111118582A (en) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-08 中国石油大学(华东) Preparation device and method of Ni-SiC composite coating with (220) high preferred orientation

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EP0217081B1 (en) * 1985-08-23 1989-01-11 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Process for applying a layer of an electrically conductive material to another electrically conductive material
DE3937763A1 (en) * 1989-11-14 1991-05-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Reinforced layer prodn. on engine cylinder surface - has cylinder head side of block sealed against treatment bath base plate with discharge pipe as anode
DE3937765A1 (en) * 1989-11-14 1991-05-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Producing wear-resistant coating on light metal parts - using iron dispersion coating contg. silicon carbide
US6086731A (en) * 1996-10-24 2000-07-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Composite plating apparatus
JP5741944B2 (en) * 2011-09-02 2015-07-01 株式会社村田製作所 Plating apparatus and plating method

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FR2156258A1 (en) * 1971-10-16 1973-05-25 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0190539A1 (en) * 1985-01-17 1986-08-13 Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ag Apparatus for the electrodeposition of composite coatings
US5865976A (en) * 1994-10-07 1999-02-02 Toyoda Gosei Co., Inc. Plating method
DE19702366A1 (en) * 1996-01-24 1997-08-07 Toyoda Gosei Kk Coating a metal substrate
DE19702366C2 (en) * 1996-01-24 2002-10-31 Toyoda Gosei Kk coating process
CN111118582A (en) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-08 中国石油大学(华东) Preparation device and method of Ni-SiC composite coating with (220) high preferred orientation
CN111118582B (en) * 2020-01-10 2022-04-12 中国石油大学(华东) Preparation device and method of Ni-SiC composite coating with (220) high preferred orientation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE31199T1 (en) 1987-12-15
DE3241452A1 (en) 1984-04-12
CA1230076A (en) 1987-12-08
JPS5985898A (en) 1984-05-17
US4498967A (en) 1985-02-12
DE3374793D1 (en) 1988-01-14
EP0108035B1 (en) 1987-12-02
DE3241452C2 (en) 1985-05-30

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