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EP0176695B1 - Device for the treatment of fines - Google Patents

Device for the treatment of fines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0176695B1
EP0176695B1 EP85109717A EP85109717A EP0176695B1 EP 0176695 B1 EP0176695 B1 EP 0176695B1 EP 85109717 A EP85109717 A EP 85109717A EP 85109717 A EP85109717 A EP 85109717A EP 0176695 B1 EP0176695 B1 EP 0176695B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tertiary air
calciner
pipe
cross
opens
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85109717A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0176695A2 (en
EP0176695A3 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Dürr
Karl Krützner
Heinz-Werner Dipl.-Ing. Thiemeyer
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Wurr
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Tiggesbäumker
Wolfgang Ing.-Grad. Rother
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
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Krupp Polysius AG
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Application filed by Krupp Polysius AG filed Critical Krupp Polysius AG
Priority to AT85109717T priority Critical patent/ATE40743T1/en
Publication of EP0176695A2 publication Critical patent/EP0176695A2/en
Publication of EP0176695A3 publication Critical patent/EP0176695A3/en
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Publication of EP0176695B1 publication Critical patent/EP0176695B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
    • F27B7/2025—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones
    • F27B7/2033—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones with means for precalcining the raw material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device of this kind is known from EP-A-2054.
  • the downward sloping part of the tertiary air line is designed as a simple cylindrical tube.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a device of the type required in the preamble of claim 1 such that good fuel burnout and high deacidification of the raw material in the calciner are achieved even with a sluggish reaction behavior of fuel and / or raw material.
  • the speed of the tertiary air and thus its impulse when entering the calciner is increased significantly. This results in a better penetration of the tertiary air and the rotary kiln exhaust gas as well as a better mixing of the preheated fine material and the fuel in the gas stream.
  • the combustion of the fuel is significantly intensified, especially in the initial phase.
  • the outlets of the two tertiary air sub-lines are offset with respect to one another in such a way that the two tertiary air partial flows in the calciner also have a swirl form vertical axis.
  • the flow velocity of the tertiary air at the confluence with the calciner can easily be increased up to double the tertiary air velocity in the non-constricted line section without increasing the pressure loss of the entire system.
  • the pressure potential that exists anyway between the calciner and the tertiary air line is sufficiently high to overcome a cross-sectional narrowing of the order of magnitude mentioned.
  • the clear cross section of the tertiary air line at the confluence with the calciner is 25 to 75% of the unrestricted line cross section.
  • the device for heat treatment of fine material, in particular cement raw material, shown schematically in FIG. 1, contains a multi-stage cyclone preheater, of which only the two cyclones 1 and 2 of the lowest stage are shown.
  • the device also contains a rotary kiln 3, the exhaust pipe leading to the lowest stage of the cyclone preheater forms a calciner 4 which serves to precalculate the preheated fine material.
  • the rotary kiln 3 is followed by a cooler (not shown) from which a tertiary air line leads to the calciner 4, which is divided into two tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6.
  • the part of the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 opening into the calculator 4 is inclined downward in the flow direction with respect to the horizontal.
  • burners 9, 10 are also arranged close to the confluence with the Calcinator4.
  • the two tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 are narrowed at their confluence with the calculator 4.
  • the cross-sectional constriction is formed by a wedge 11, 12 which increasingly reduces the line cross section in the flow direction of the tertiary air, the narrowest line cross section being present at the confluence of the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in the calculator 4 is.
  • the wedges 11, 12 are attached to the top of the line cross section, so that the confluence of the tertiary air sub-lines in the calciner is narrowed by covering the upper cross-sectional area.
  • the wedges 11, 12 can be made of refractory material. It is of course also possible to design the pipeline itself in a wedge shape.
  • the inlet cross sections of the two tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in the calculator 4 can in principle be given any geometric shape.
  • the fine material preheated in the cyclone preheater reaches the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 (arrows 13, 14) via the good lines 7, 8 of the second lowest stage and is detected here by the partial tertiary air flows (arrows 15, 16).
  • the good-air mixture is then increasingly accelerated by the narrowing formed by the wedges 11 and 12, mixes in the area of the burners 9, 10 with the fuel added here (arrows 17, 18) and then enters the calciner at high speed 4 a.
  • the good-fuel-tertiary air mixture (arrows 19, 20) is detected and diverted by the rising furnace exhaust gases (arrow 21).
  • the calciner 4 then burns out the fuel and deacidifies (precalcination) the fine material.
  • the highly deacidified fines separated in the cyclones 1 and 2 of the lowest stage of the cyclone preheater then reach the rotary kiln 3 via the product lines 22, 23.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the narrowing of a round entry cross section
  • FIG. 3 the narrowing of a rectangular entry cross section.
  • other cross-sectional shapes are also possible.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 show exemplary embodiments in which the confluence of the tertiary air partial lines in the calciner by covering of a lateral cross-sectional area is narrowed.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the lateral narrowing of a round inlet cross-section
  • FIG. 5 the lateral narrowing of a rectangular entry cross-section.
  • the cross-sectional constriction of the tertiary air sub-lines 5 and 6 is formed by a slide 24, 25 which is provided at the confluence of the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in the calculator 4 and which is expediently adjustable.
  • the narrowed cross-sectional areas of the junctions of the two tertiary air sub-lines are expediently offset from one another in such a way that the two tertiary air partial flows enter the calciner 4 laterally offset with respect to the vertical axis of the calculator.
  • the good lines 7, 8 open into the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in such a way that the imaginary extension of the good lines is at a distance from the side walls of the tertiary air sub-lines, preferably in the middle between these side walls. It is thereby achieved that the preheated fine material does not run directly along a side wall of the (possibly already somewhat narrowed) tertiary air sub-line when entering the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6, but preferably enters the center of the free cross-section of the tertiary air sub-lines. As a result, the fine material is properly captured by the tertiary air, and deposits and caking in the tertiary air sub-lines are avoided.
  • the constrictions of the teritarian air sub-lines at the confluence with the calciner are not formed by slides but by wedges to avoid pressure losses and deposits, these wedges can be made of refractory material.
  • the tertiary air line is each divided into two sub-lines 5, 6.
  • the invention can advantageously also be used when using a non-subdivided teritary air line. Even with such unilateral entry of the tertiary air into the calciner, a suitable arrangement of the narrowed mouth ensures that a turbulent flow occurs in the calciner. This can be done, for example, by a lateral displacement of the confluence in the manner of FIG however, can be achieved using a single tertiary air line).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Noodles (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus for the heat treatment of fine material comprises a multi-stage cyclone preheater, a rotary kiln and a calciner supplied with tertiary air from a cooler for precalcination of the preheated fine material. The tertiary air pipe is narrowed at the point where it joins into the calciner. In this way an intensification of the mixing together of material, fuel and gas is achieved as well as an improved combustion, particularly fuels which are slow to react.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine Vorrichtung dieser Art ist durch die EP-A-2054 bekannt. Der nach unten geneigte Teil der Tertiärluftleitung ist hierbei als einfaches zylindrisches Rohr ausgebildet.A device of this kind is known from EP-A-2054. The downward sloping part of the tertiary air line is designed as a simple cylindrical tube.

Um das aus der zweituntersten Stufe des Zyklonvorwärmers in die Tertiärluftleitung eingetragene Feingut auf der kurzen zur Verfügung stehenden Wegstrecke (zwischen der Einmündung der Gutleitung und der Brennzone) einwandfrei aufzulösen und zuverlässig in die Brennzone einzuführen, ist es bekannt (EP-A-75118), den nach unten geneigten Teil der Tertiärluftleitung mit einer die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Luft an der Einmündung der Gutleitung erhöhenden Verengung zu versehen und die Luftleitung zwischen der Verengung und dem die Brennzone bildenden Calcinator als Diffusor auszubilden.It is known (EP-A-75118) in order to dissolve the fine material from the second lowest stage of the cyclone preheater into the tertiary air line on the short available path (between the confluence of the good line and the combustion zone) without problems and to reliably introduce it into the combustion zone. to provide the downwardly inclined part of the tertiary air line with a constriction which increases the flow velocity of the air at the mouth of the good line and to form the air line between the constriction and the calciner forming the combustion zone as a diffuser.

Im praktischen Betrieb derartiger Vorrichtungen zeigt sich nun, dass in bestimmten Fällen (insbesondere bei einem trägen Reaktionsverhalten des Brennstoffes und/oder des Rohmateriales) der Brennstoffausbrand sowie die Entsäuerung des Rohmateriales im Calcinator nur bis zu einem gewissen Grad erfolgen.The practical operation of such devices shows that in certain cases (especially when the fuel and / or the raw material is slow to react) the fuel burnout and the deacidification of the raw material in the calciner only take place to a certain degree.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 vorausgesetzten Art so auszubilden, dass auch bei einem trägen Reaktionsverhalten von Brennstoff und/oder Rohmaterial ein guter Brennstoffausbrand und eine hohe Entsäuerung des Rohmateriales im Calcinator erreicht werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a device of the type required in the preamble of claim 1 such that good fuel burnout and high deacidification of the raw material in the calciner are achieved even with a sluggish reaction behavior of fuel and / or raw material.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch das kennzeichnende Merkmal des Anspruches 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing feature of claim 1.

Durch die Verengung der Tertiärluftleitung an der Einmündung in den Calcinator wird die Geschwindigkeit der Tertiärluft und damit ihr Impuls beim Eintritt in den Calcinator wesentlich erhöht. Dadurch ergibt sich eine bessere Durchdringung der Tertiärluft und des Drehrohrofenabgases sowie eine bessere Vermischung des vorgewärmten Feingutes und des Brennstoffes im Gasstrom. Durch die Erhöhung der Turbulenz an der Einmündung der Tertiärluftleitung in den Calcinator wird die Verbrennung des Brennstoffes besonders in der Anfangsphase entscheidend intensiviert.Due to the narrowing of the tertiary air line at the confluence with the calciner, the speed of the tertiary air and thus its impulse when entering the calciner is increased significantly. This results in a better penetration of the tertiary air and the rotary kiln exhaust gas as well as a better mixing of the preheated fine material and the fuel in the gas stream. By increasing the turbulence at the confluence of the tertiary air line and the calciner, the combustion of the fuel is significantly intensified, especially in the initial phase.

Wird die Tertiärluftleitung in zwei Teilleitungen unterteilt, an die je eine Gutleitung angeschlossen ist und die aneinander gegenüberliegenden Umfangsstellen in den Calcinator einmünden, so sind erfindungsgemäss die Einmündungen der beiden Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen derart gegeneinander versetzt, dass die beiden Tertiärluft-Teilströme im Calcinator einen Drall mit vertiakler Achse bilden.If the tertiary air line is divided into two sub-lines, to each of which a good line is connected and the circumferential points lying opposite one another open into the calciner, the outlets of the two tertiary air sub-lines are offset with respect to one another in such a way that the two tertiary air partial flows in the calciner also have a swirl form vertical axis.

Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass auch in den weiter stromabwärts liegenden Bereichen des Calcinators eine Drallkomponente vorhanden ist, die eine gute Nachvermischung von Brennstoff, Feingut und Luft gewährleistet und die damit auch bei Verwendung von sehr reaktionsträgem Brennstoff für einen vollständigen Restausbrand sorgt.This ensures that a swirl component is also present in the downstream areas of the calciner, which ensures good post-mixing of fuel, fine material and air and which thus ensures complete residual burnout even when using very inert fuel.

Da einerseits die im Bereich der Einmündung der beiden Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen erzeugte starke Drallströmung sich im weiteren Strömungsverlauf innerhalb des Calcinators auflöst, können die in Drallströmungen auftretenden Materialsträhnen, die auch noch unreagierte Brennstoffpartikel einschliessen, beim Zerfall der Drallströmung mit der umgebenden Gasatmosphäre reagieren. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass die Nah- und Fernwirkung der erfindungsgemässen Tertiärluft-Einführung sowohl eine beträchtliche Steigerung der Mischwirkung im stromabliegenden Teil des Calcinators als auch eine erhebliche Intensivierung des Brennstoffausbrandes zur Folge haben.Since, on the one hand, the strong swirl flow generated in the region of the confluence of the two tertiary air sub-lines dissolves within the calciner as the flow continues, the strands of material occurring in swirl flows, which also include unreacted fuel particles, can react with the surrounding gas atmosphere when the swirl flow decays. Experiments have shown that the short and long-range effects of the introduction of tertiary air according to the invention result in both a considerable increase in the mixing effect in the downstream part of the calciner and also a considerable intensification of the fuel burnout.

Versuche zeigten, dass die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Tertiärluft an der Einmündung in den Calcinator ohne weiteres bis auf das Doppelte der Tertiärluftgeschwindigkeit im nicht verengten Leitungsteil gesteigert werden kann, ohne dass dadurch der Druckverlust der Gesamtanlage steigt. Das ohnehin vorhandene Druckpotential zwischen dem Calcinator und der Tertiärluftleitung ist ausreichend hoch, um eine Querschnittsverengung der genannten Grössenordnung zu überwinden. Im allgemeinen beträgt der lichte Querschnitt der Tertiärluftleitung an der Einmündung in den Calcinator 25 bis 75% des nicht verengten Leitungsquerschnitts.Experiments have shown that the flow velocity of the tertiary air at the confluence with the calciner can easily be increased up to double the tertiary air velocity in the non-constricted line section without increasing the pressure loss of the entire system. The pressure potential that exists anyway between the calciner and the tertiary air line is sufficiently high to overcome a cross-sectional narrowing of the order of magnitude mentioned. In general, the clear cross section of the tertiary air line at the confluence with the calciner is 25 to 75% of the unrestricted line cross section.

Zweckmässige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche und werden im Zusammenhang mit der Erläuterung einiger in der Zeichnung veranschaulichter Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Schemadarstellung der für das Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Teile der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,
  • Fig 2 einen Schnitt längs der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt (entsprechend Fig. 2) durch eine Abwandlung,
  • Fig. 4 und 5 Schnittdarstellungen von zwei weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen,
  • Fig. 6 eine Seitenansicht zu den Ausführungsbeispielen der Fig. 4 und 5,
  • Fig. 7 einen Horizontalschnitt durch eine weitere Variante.
Useful embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are described in connection with the explanation of some of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show in the drawing
  • 1 shows a schematic representation of the parts of the device according to the invention which are essential for understanding the invention,
  • 2 shows a section along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a section (corresponding to FIG. 2) through a modification,
  • 4 and 5 are sectional views of two further embodiments,
  • 6 is a side view of the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5,
  • Fig. 7 shows a horizontal section through a further variant.

Die in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellte Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von Feingut, insbesondere von Zementrohmaterial, enthält einen mehrstufigen Zyklonvorwärmer, von dem lediglich die beiden Zyklone 1 und 2 der untersten Stufe dargestellt sind. Die Vorrichtung enthält weiterhin einen Drehrohrofen 3, dessen zur untersten Stufe des Zyklonvorwärmers führende Abgasleitung einen zur Vorcalcination des vorgewärmten Feingutes dienenden Calcinator 4 bildet.The device for heat treatment of fine material, in particular cement raw material, shown schematically in FIG. 1, contains a multi-stage cyclone preheater, of which only the two cyclones 1 and 2 of the lowest stage are shown. The device also contains a rotary kiln 3, the exhaust pipe leading to the lowest stage of the cyclone preheater forms a calciner 4 which serves to precalculate the preheated fine material.

Dem Drehrohrofen 3 ist ein (nicht dargestellter) Kühler nachgeschaltet, von dem eine Tertiärluftleitung zum Calcinator 4 führt, die in zwei Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 unterteilt ist. Der in den Calcinator 4 einmündende Teil der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 ist in Strömungsrichtung gegenüber der Horizontalen nach unten geneigt.The rotary kiln 3 is followed by a cooler (not shown) from which a tertiary air line leads to the calciner 4, which is divided into two tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6. The part of the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 opening into the calculator 4 is inclined downward in the flow direction with respect to the horizontal.

In diese beiden Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 münden Gutleitungen 7, 8 ein, die von der (nicht dargestellten) zweituntersten Stufe des Zyklonvorwärmers kommen.In these two tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 open good lines 7, 8, which by the (not shown) second bottom stage of the cyclone preheater.

In den Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 sind ferner dicht an der Einmündung in den Calcinator4 Brenner 9, 10 angeordnet.In the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6, burners 9, 10 are also arranged close to the confluence with the Calcinator4.

Erfindungsgemäss sind die beiden Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 an ihrer Einmündung in den Calcinator 4 verengt. Bei dem in den Fig. 1, und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Querschnittsverengung durch einen in Strömungsrichtung der Tertiärluft den Leitungsquerschnitt zunehmend verkleinernden Keil 11, 12 gebildet, wobei der engste Leitungsquerschnitt an der Einmündung der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 in den Calcinator 4 vorhanden ist. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss den Fig. 1, 2 und 3 sind die Keile 11,12 an der Oberseite des Leitungsquerschnittes angebracht, so dass die Einmündung der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen in den Calcinator durch Abdekkung des oberen Querschnittsbereiches verengt ist. Die Keile 11, 12 können in Feuerfestmasse ausgebildet werden. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, die Rohrleitung selbst bereits keilförmig auszubilden. Die Eintritts-Querschnitte der beiden Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 in den Calcinator 4 können grundsätzlich jede beliebige geometrische Form erhalten.According to the invention, the two tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 are narrowed at their confluence with the calculator 4. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the cross-sectional constriction is formed by a wedge 11, 12 which increasingly reduces the line cross section in the flow direction of the tertiary air, the narrowest line cross section being present at the confluence of the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in the calculator 4 is. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the wedges 11, 12 are attached to the top of the line cross section, so that the confluence of the tertiary air sub-lines in the calciner is narrowed by covering the upper cross-sectional area. The wedges 11, 12 can be made of refractory material. It is of course also possible to design the pipeline itself in a wedge shape. The inlet cross sections of the two tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in the calculator 4 can in principle be given any geometric shape.

Im Betrieb der Vorrichtung gelangt das im Zyklonvorwärmer vorgewärmte Feingut über die Gutleitungen 7, 8 der zweituntersten Stufe in die Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 (Pfeile 13, 14) und wird hier von den Tertiärluft-Teilströmen (Pfeile 15, 16) erfasst. Das Gut-Luft-Gemisch wird dann durch die von den Keilen 11 und 12 gebildete Verengung zunehmend beschleunigt, vermischt sich im Bereich der Brenner 9, 10 mit dem hier zugesetzten Brennstoff (Pfeile 17, 18) und tritt dann mit hoher Geschwindigkeit in den Calcinator 4 ein. Das Gut-Brennstoff-Tertiärluft-Gemisch (Pfeile 19,20) wird von den aufsteigenden Ofenabgasen (Pfeil 21) erfasst und umgelenkt. Im Calcinator 4 erfolgt sodann der Ausbrand des Brennstoffes sowie die Entsäuerung (Vorcalcination) des Feingutes. Das in den Zyklonen 1 und 2 der untersten Stufe des Zyklonvorwärmers abgeschiedene, hochentsäuerte Feingut gelangt sodann über die Gutleitungen 22, 23 in den Drehrohrofen 3.During operation of the device, the fine material preheated in the cyclone preheater reaches the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 (arrows 13, 14) via the good lines 7, 8 of the second lowest stage and is detected here by the partial tertiary air flows (arrows 15, 16). The good-air mixture is then increasingly accelerated by the narrowing formed by the wedges 11 and 12, mixes in the area of the burners 9, 10 with the fuel added here (arrows 17, 18) and then enters the calciner at high speed 4 a. The good-fuel-tertiary air mixture (arrows 19, 20) is detected and diverted by the rising furnace exhaust gases (arrow 21). The calciner 4 then burns out the fuel and deacidifies (precalcination) the fine material. The highly deacidified fines separated in the cyclones 1 and 2 of the lowest stage of the cyclone preheater then reach the rotary kiln 3 via the product lines 22, 23.

Der Einmündungs-Querschnitt der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 in den Calcinator 4 kann unterschiedlich gestaltet werden. Fig. 2 veranschaulicht die Verengung eines runden Eintritts-Querschnitts und Fig. 3 die Verengung eines rechteckigen Eintritts-Querschnitts. Wie bereits erwähnt, sind auch andere Querschnittsformen möglich.The cross-section of the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in the calculator 4 can be designed differently. FIG. 2 illustrates the narrowing of a round entry cross section and FIG. 3 the narrowing of a rectangular entry cross section. As already mentioned, other cross-sectional shapes are also possible.

Während bei den Ausführungen entsprechend den Fig. 1 bis 3 die Einmündung der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen in den Calcinator durch Abdeckung des oberen Querschnittsbereiches verengt ist, zeigen die Fig. 4 bis 7 Ausführungsbeispiele, bei denen die Einmündung der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen in den Calcinator durch Abdeckung eines seitlichen Querschnittsbereiches verengt ist. Dabei veranschaulicht Fig. 4 die seitliche Verengung eines runden Eintritts-Querschnitts und Fig. 5 die seitliche Verengung eines rechteckigen EintrittsQuerschnittes.1 to 3, the confluence of the tertiary air partial lines in the calciner is narrowed by covering the upper cross-sectional area, FIGS. 4 to 7 show exemplary embodiments in which the confluence of the tertiary air partial lines in the calciner by covering of a lateral cross-sectional area is narrowed. FIG. 4 illustrates the lateral narrowing of a round inlet cross-section and FIG. 5 the lateral narrowing of a rectangular entry cross-section.

Gemäss Fig. 6 wird die Querschnittsverengung der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5 und 6 durch einen Schieber 24, 25 gebildet, der an der Einmündung Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 in den Calcinator 4 vorgesehen ist und der zweckmässig verstellbar ist.6, the cross-sectional constriction of the tertiary air sub-lines 5 and 6 is formed by a slide 24, 25 which is provided at the confluence of the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in the calculator 4 and which is expediently adjustable.

Bei einer seitlichen Verengung des Querschnittsbereiches werden die verengten Querschnittsbereiche der Einmündungen der beiden Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen zweckmässig derart gegeneinander versetzt, dass die beiden Tertiärluft-Teilströme gegenüber der vertikalen Achse des Calcinators seitlich versetzt in den Calcinator 4 eintreten.If the cross-sectional area is narrowed to the side, the narrowed cross-sectional areas of the junctions of the two tertiary air sub-lines are expediently offset from one another in such a way that the two tertiary air partial flows enter the calciner 4 laterally offset with respect to the vertical axis of the calculator.

Fig. 7 veranschaulicht dies am Beispiel einer seitlichen Verengung durch Keile 26, 27: Diese beiden Keile befinden sich jeweils auf der rechten Seite (betrachtet in Strömungsrichtung) der betreffenden Tertiärluft-Teilleitung 5, 6, so dass die Tertiärluft-Teilstörme 28, 29 seitlich versetzt gegenüber der vertikalen Achse 30 des Calcinators 4 in diesen eintreten und im Calcinator einen Drall mit vertikaler Achse bilden.7 illustrates this using the example of a lateral constriction by wedges 26, 27: these two wedges are each located on the right side (viewed in the direction of flow) of the relevant tertiary air sub-line 5, 6, so that the tertiary air sub-currents 28, 29 are on the side offset in relation to the vertical axis 30 of the calculator 4, enter it and form a swirl in the calculator with a vertical axis.

Die Gutleitungen 7, 8 münden derart in die Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 ein, dass die gedachte Verlängerung der Gutleitungen einen Abstand von den seitlichen Wandungen der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen besitzt, vorzugsweise mittig zwischen diesen seitlichen Wandungen liegt. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass das vorgewärmte Feingut beim Eintritt in die Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen 5, 6 nicht unmittelbar an einer seitlichen Wandung der (gegebenenfalls hier bereits etwas verengten) Tertiärluft-Teilleitung entlangläuft, sondern vorzugsweise mittig in den freien Querschnitt der Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen eintritt. Dadurch wird das Feingut einwandfrei von der Tertiärluft erfasst, und es werden Ablagerungen und Anbackungen in den Tertiärluft-Teilleitungen vermieden.The good lines 7, 8 open into the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6 in such a way that the imaginary extension of the good lines is at a distance from the side walls of the tertiary air sub-lines, preferably in the middle between these side walls. It is thereby achieved that the preheated fine material does not run directly along a side wall of the (possibly already somewhat narrowed) tertiary air sub-line when entering the tertiary air sub-lines 5, 6, but preferably enters the center of the free cross-section of the tertiary air sub-lines. As a result, the fine material is properly captured by the tertiary air, and deposits and caking in the tertiary air sub-lines are avoided.

Werden die Verengungen der Teritärluft-Teilleitungen an der Einmündung in den Calcinator nicht durch Schieber, sondern zur Vermeidung von Druckverlusten und Ablagerungen durch Keile gebildet, so können diese Keile in Feuerfestmasse ausgebildet werden. Hierbei ist es zugleich möglich, beliebige Übergänge des Leitungsquerschnitts zu gestalten, beispielsweise von einem runden Querschnitt im unverengten Teil auf einen eckigen Querschnitt an der Einmündung in den Calcinator überzugehen.If the constrictions of the teritarian air sub-lines at the confluence with the calciner are not formed by slides but by wedges to avoid pressure losses and deposits, these wedges can be made of refractory material. At the same time, it is also possible to design any transitions in the line cross-section, for example from a round cross-section in the unrestricted part to a square cross-section at the confluence with the calciner.

Bei den anhand der Fig. 1 bis 7 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen ist die Tertiärluftleitung jeweils in zwei Teilleitungen 5, 6 unterteilt. Die Erfindung kann jedoch vorteilhaft auch bei Verwendung einer nicht unterteilten Teritärluftleitung eingesetzt werden. Auch bei einem solchen einseitigen Eintritt der Tertiärluft in den Calcinator wird durch eine geeignete Anordnung der verengten Einmündung dafür gesorgt, dass im Calcinator eine turbulente Strömung entsteht. Dies kann beispielsweise durch eine seitliche Versetzung der Einmündung nach Art von Fig. 7 (in diesem Falle jedoch unter Verwendung einer einzigen Tertiärluftleitung) erreicht werden.In the exemplary embodiments illustrated with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, the tertiary air line is each divided into two sub-lines 5, 6. However, the invention can advantageously also be used when using a non-subdivided teritary air line. Even with such unilateral entry of the tertiary air into the calciner, a suitable arrangement of the narrowed mouth ensures that a turbulent flow occurs in the calciner. This can be done, for example, by a lateral displacement of the confluence in the manner of FIG however, can be achieved using a single tertiary air line).

Claims (11)

1. Device for the heat treatment of fines, particularly cement raw material, containing:
a) a multi-stage cyclone preheater,
b) a rotary kiln (3),
c) a calciner (4) which is arranged between the rotary kiln (3) and the lowest stage (1, 2) of the cyclone preheater and forms a combustion zone for the precalcination of the preheated fines,
d) a cooler connected after the rotary kiln (3),
e) a tertiary air pipe (5, 6) which leads from the cooler to the combustion zone and which has its part opening into the calciner (4) inclined downwards with respect to the horizontal in the direction of flow,
f) a material pipe (7, 8) which comes from the second lowest stage of the cyclone preheater and opens into the downwardly-inclined part of the tertiary air pipe (5, 6) which is narrowed on the periphery of this pipe,
characterised by the following feature:
g) the tertiary air pipe (5, 6) is narrowed at the point where it opens into the calciner.
2. Device as claimed in claim 1, in which the tertiary air pipe is divided into two branch pipes (5, 6) of which each has a material pipe (7, 8) connected to it and which open at opposing peripheral points into the calciner (4), characterised in that the points where the two branch pipes (5, 6) for the tertiary air open into the calciner (4) are offset relative to one another in such a way that in the calciner (4) the two branch streams of tertiary air form a rotational flow with a vertical axis which breaks down into a turbulent flow downstream in the calciner.
3. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the internal cross-section of the tertiary air pipe (5, 6) at the point where it opens into the calciner (4) is 25 to 75% of the unnarowed cross-section of the pipe.
4. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the point where the tertiary air pipe (5, 6) opens into the calciner (4) is narrowed by covering the upper cross-sectional region.
5. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the point where the tertiary air pipe (5, 6) opens into the calciner (4) ist narrowed by covering a lateral cross-sectional region.
6. Device as claimed in claims 2 and 5, characterised in that the narrowed cross-sectional regions of the points where the two branch pipes (5, 6) for the tertiary air open into the calciner (4) are offset relative to one another in such a way that the two branch streams of tertiary air (28, 29) are offset laterally relative to the vertical axis (30) of the calciner (4) when they enter the calciner (4).
7. Device as claimed in claims 2 and 6, characterised in that the points where the two branch pipes (5, 6) for the tertiary air open into the calciner (4) are offset laterally to such an extent that they do not overlap each other.
8. Device as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the points where the two branch pipes (5, 6) for the tertiary air open into the calciner (4) are offset vertically relative to each other.
9. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the narrowing of the cross-section is formed by a slide (24, 25) which is preferably adjustable and is provided at the point where the tertiary air pipe (5, 6) opens into the calciner (4).
10. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the cross-section is narrowed by a wedge (11, 12) which increasingly reduces the cross-section of the pipe in the direction of flow of the tertiary air, the narrowest pipe cross-section being located at the point where the tertiary air pipe (5, 6) opens into the calciner (4).
11. Device as claimed in claim 10, characterised in that the material pipe (7, 8) opens into the tertiary air pipe (5, 6) in such a way that the imaginary extension of the material pipe lies some distance away from the side walls of the tertiary air pipe, preferably centrally between these side walls.
EP85109717A 1984-10-05 1985-08-02 Device for the treatment of fines Expired EP0176695B1 (en)

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AT85109717T ATE40743T1 (en) 1984-10-05 1985-08-02 DEVICE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF FINES.

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DE3436687 1984-10-05
DE19843436687 DE3436687A1 (en) 1984-10-05 1984-10-05 DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FINE GOODS

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ES (1) ES8609172A1 (en)
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ES547531A0 (en) 1986-09-01
DE3568218D1 (en) 1989-03-16
EP0176695A2 (en) 1986-04-09
ZA856058B (en) 1986-04-30
US4720262A (en) 1988-01-19
DE3436687A1 (en) 1986-04-10
EP0176695A3 (en) 1987-07-15
ATE40743T1 (en) 1989-02-15
ES8609172A1 (en) 1986-09-01
MX171163B (en) 1993-10-06
BR8504069A (en) 1986-06-10

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