[go: up one dir, main page]

EP0150881B1 - Explosive, practice hand-grenade and method for its manufacture - Google Patents

Explosive, practice hand-grenade and method for its manufacture Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0150881B1
EP0150881B1 EP85200062A EP85200062A EP0150881B1 EP 0150881 B1 EP0150881 B1 EP 0150881B1 EP 85200062 A EP85200062 A EP 85200062A EP 85200062 A EP85200062 A EP 85200062A EP 0150881 B1 EP0150881 B1 EP 0150881B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
ring
practice hand
grenade
grenade according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85200062A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0150881A2 (en
EP0150881A3 (en
Inventor
Paul Aschwanden
Robert Hodler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vertreten Durch Die Eidg Munitionsfabrik Altdorf Der Gruppe fur Ruestungsdienste
Original Assignee
Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vertreten Durch Die Eidg Munitionsfabrik Altdorf Der Gruppe fur Ruestungsdienste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vertreten Durch Die Eidg Munitionsfabrik Altdorf Der Gruppe fur Ruestungsdienste filed Critical Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vertreten Durch Die Eidg Munitionsfabrik Altdorf Der Gruppe fur Ruestungsdienste
Priority to AT85200062T priority Critical patent/ATE28704T1/en
Publication of EP0150881A2 publication Critical patent/EP0150881A2/en
Publication of EP0150881A3 publication Critical patent/EP0150881A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0150881B1 publication Critical patent/EP0150881B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/26—Hand grenades
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/20—Clamps
    • Y10T292/205—Ring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an explosive training hand grenade with a high explosion pressure capacity, which has a coated body made of explosive explosive charge and in which a detonator with a delay fuse is provided in one axis, which is surrounded by a ring, and a method for producing a ring therefor Explosive training grenade.
  • Hand grenades for practice purposes are known. These hand grenades only roughly correspond to the conditions of combat practice in terms of size, shape and bang. In particular, they do not have the properties known from combat frag grenades. Weight, center of gravity, impact behavior after the throw as well as the same explosion pressure performance (bang effect during the explosion) do not meet these requirements. The known fragmentation hand grenades are also unsuitable for training purposes because of their extraordinary risk of splintering.
  • FR-A-2,269,703 describes a practice grenade which can be used both as a hand grenade and as a rifle grenade. It has a damping ring which, in a rather complicated manner, is fixed in the casing and surrounds an igniter. This hand grenade only contains the explosive contained in the weak charge, so that the explosion effect (bang and shock wave) is not realistic. The weak primer charge cannot powder any components of the grenade.
  • the object of the invention is to design an explosive training hand grenade in such a way that it meets the requirements for handling and functioning of a combat-type hand grenade without the user being exposed to a risk of splintering.
  • the explosive training hand grenade should correspond in its weight, the center of gravity, its outer shape, the size, the outer surface quality as well as the impact behavior after the throw and the same bang effect when a splinter hand grenade explodes. Part of the energy released during the explosion is to be used to pulverize the construction elements used without reducing the impact.
  • the construction should also enable simple, flawless and economical production.
  • Another object is to provide a method of making a ring for a practice hand grenade that has minimal splintering.
  • the aforementioned object is achieved in that the ring is completely enclosed by the explosive charge and that the ring contains inorganic particles.
  • the explosive training hand grenade according to the invention acts on the user like a combat-type hand grenade, both during the manipulation and during the explosion. It has the same weight and the same center of gravity, it looks the same and the explosion effect is the same. This is achieved by the explosive training hand grenade having a large explosive charge.
  • the components including the ring are pulverized so that there is no risk of injury to the practitioner.
  • the ring can, for example, be compressed from the inorganic particles into a compact which is broken down into its components by the explosion. In this way, no effective splinters can occur at a distance of more than 5 m. Inactive splinters are to be understood as those splinters which can no longer penetrate a 2 mm thick aluminum sheet with a tensile strength of 400 N / mm 2 .
  • the explosive charge has approximately a spherical shape and the detonator is arranged approximately in the middle of the ball.
  • the detonator is arranged approximately in the middle of the ball.
  • the effect is enhanced by the design of the ring as a hollow cylinder.
  • a gradation in the outer cylinder jacket of the ring, according to claim 6, makes it easier to attach a retaining ring useful for assembling the hand grenade at about the middle height.
  • manufacture and installation of the ring are additionally facilitated by the bevelled edges.
  • a grain size distribution of a maximum of 35% less than 63 4m and a maximum of 15% larger than 160 J.Lm has proven to be favorable.
  • Sintered iron powder can be produced economically and can be compacted easily under pressure. But it can also be other metal or metallo xide powder can be used.
  • the hemispherical shells can be welded or connected to each other by flanging. Other types of connection known per se can also be used. It is recommended to choose aluminum or an aluminum alloy as the material.
  • the sheet thickness of the hemisphere shell is dimensioned such that no effective splinters occur during the detonation and is 0.2 to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • a retaining ring is fixed on the inside between the connecting edges of the two hemispherical shells. It serves primarily to center the ring until it is fixed in its position by the explosive solidified after pouring.
  • the retaining ring suitably consists of the same material as the hemispherical shells of the casing, of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the retaining ring has recesses on its inner edge. These recesses serve as outlet openings for the air escaping when the explosive is poured, and for the explosive to flow again.
  • a ring is advantageously produced by compressing a sintered iron powder or a sintered steel powder with, for example, a grain size of 20 to 200 mm.
  • the iron powder is compressed in a moving die at a pressure of 4000 g / cm 2 to 8000 g / cm 2 , preferably at 6000 g / cm 2 , to facilitate the pressing process.
  • the casing of an explosive training hand grenade consists of an upper hemisphere shell 1 and a lower hemisphere shell 2, for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • a threaded connector 3 is provided for receiving an igniter.
  • a ring 4 also called a decay body, consisting of a compact made of sintered iron powder or sintered steel powder, is provided with a step 4 '.
  • a retaining ring 5 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy engages in the step 4 '. The retaining ring 5 is attached with its periphery between the connecting edges of the hemispherical shells 1.2.
  • an ignition element 10 The left side of an ignition element 10 is shown in elevation.
  • a primer 11, a primer carrier 12 and a delay set 13 are installed in a delay tube 14.
  • a detonator 15 detonator capsule
  • an initial explosive 16 primary charge
  • an intensifier charge 17 secondary charge
  • a securing bracket 19 is attached to the detonator head 9 and carries a tension spring 21 over a swivel axis 20, which is fastened with a locking split pin 22.
  • a striking device 23 carries a striking hammer 24.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the explosive part of the explosive training hand grenade according to the invention. 1, in the area of the retaining ring 5.
  • a plurality of recesses 7 are drawn, which ensure the escape of air from the lower hemisphere shell 2 during the casting process of the explosive charge 8 and the flow of the explosive.
  • the explosive between the ring 4 and the sleeve 18 and in the recesses 7 was not drawn as hatched in FIG. 1.
  • the retaining ring 5 has extensions on the inside in the form of the clamps 6 and 6 '.
  • the clamps 6 serve to center the retaining ring 5 on the inside of the hemispherical shells 1 and 2.
  • the clamps 6 'on the inside of the retaining ring 5 have a bending angle of more than 90 ° and are intended to be so light when they are assembled with the ring 4 giving in that they have a pinching force. They engage in the cylindrical surface of the ring 5 in this way. that a pushing back of the retaining ring 5 is prevented.
  • the inner projections of the retaining ring 5 are so long that they rest on the step 4 '(paragraph) of the ring 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail between the upper and lower hemispherical shells 1, 2.
  • the retaining ring 5 is fastened in the groove of a weld seam 5 'and shows how a projection on the inside of the retaining ring 5 engages in the step 4' of the ring 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant in the form of a flange 5 "of the edges of the two hemispherical shells 1, 2.
  • the retaining ring 5 is fastened within the flange.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

In an explosive practice hand grenade a ring containing inorganic particles is encased in a shell and substantially completely enclosed by an explosive charge. The ring is practically pulverized during detonation so that no effective fragments are formed. The ring is manufactured by compressing a metal or metal oxide powder. The inventive explosive practice hand grenade has substantially the same properties or characteristics as a combat-duty fragmentation hand grenade, however, has the advantage that the inventive explosive practice hand grenade, during its explosion, generates only a minimum fragment action and thus ensures the safety of personnel to be trained.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate hoher Explosionsdruckleistung, welche einen ummantelten Körper aus brisanter Sprengladung aufweist und bei der in einer Achse ein Detonator mit einem Verzögerungszünder vorgesehen ist, weicher mit einem Ring umgeben ist, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rings für diese Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate.The invention relates to an explosive training hand grenade with a high explosion pressure capacity, which has a coated body made of explosive explosive charge and in which a detonator with a delay fuse is provided in one axis, which is surrounded by a ring, and a method for producing a ring therefor Explosive training grenade.

Handgranaten für Übungszwecke sind bekannt. Diese Handgranaten entsprechen, was die Grösse, die Form und den Knall betreffen, nur annähernd den Bedingungen der gefechtsmässigen Praxis. Sie besitzen insbesondere nicht die von gefechtsmässigen Splitterhandgranaten bekannten Eigenschaften. Gewicht, Schwerpunktslage, Aufprallverhalten nach dem Wurf sowie gleiche Explosionsdruckleistung (Knallwirkung bei der Explosion) entsprechen nicht diesen Anforderungen. Auch sind die bekannten Splitterhandgranaten wegen ihrer ausserordentlichen Splittergefahr für Übungszwecke ungeeignet. In der FR-A-2,269,703 ist eine Übungsgranate beschrieben, die sowohl als Handgranate als auch als Gewehrgranate verwendet werden kanm. Sie weist einen Dämpfungsring auf, der auf eine ziemlich komplizierte Weise in der Ummantelung befestigt ist und einen Zünder umgibt. Diese Handgranate enthält nur den in der schwachen Zündtadung enthaltenen Sprengstoff, so dass die Explosionswirkung (Knallwirkung und Schockwelle) nicht wirklichkeitsnah ist. Die schwache Zündladung kann keine Bestandteile der Granate pulverisieren.Hand grenades for practice purposes are known. These hand grenades only roughly correspond to the conditions of combat practice in terms of size, shape and bang. In particular, they do not have the properties known from combat frag grenades. Weight, center of gravity, impact behavior after the throw as well as the same explosion pressure performance (bang effect during the explosion) do not meet these requirements. The known fragmentation hand grenades are also unsuitable for training purposes because of their extraordinary risk of splintering. FR-A-2,269,703 describes a practice grenade which can be used both as a hand grenade and as a rifle grenade. It has a damping ring which, in a rather complicated manner, is fixed in the casing and surrounds an igniter. This hand grenade only contains the explosive contained in the weak charge, so that the explosion effect (bang and shock wave) is not realistic. The weak primer charge cannot powder any components of the grenade.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate so auszubilden, dass sie den Erfordernissen der Handhabung und der Funktion einer gefechtsmässigen Splitterhandgranate entspricht, ohne dass der Benutzer einer Splittergefahr ausgesetzt wird. Dabei soll die Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate in ihrem Gewicht, der Schwerpunktslage, ihrer Aussenform, der Grösse, der Aussenflächenbeschaffenheit sowie dem Aufprallverhalten nach dem Wurf und der gleichen Knallwirkung bei der Explosion einer Splitterhandgranate entsprechen. Ein Teil der bei der Explosion frei werdenden Energie soll zur Pulverisierung der verwendeten Konstruktionselemente verwendet werden, ohne dass die Knallwirkung reduziert wird. Die Konstruktion soll ferner eine einfache, fehlerlose und wirtschaftliche Herstellung ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to design an explosive training hand grenade in such a way that it meets the requirements for handling and functioning of a combat-type hand grenade without the user being exposed to a risk of splintering. The explosive training hand grenade should correspond in its weight, the center of gravity, its outer shape, the size, the outer surface quality as well as the impact behavior after the throw and the same bang effect when a splinter hand grenade explodes. Part of the energy released during the explosion is to be used to pulverize the construction elements used without reducing the impact. The construction should also enable simple, flawless and economical production.

Eine weitere Aufgabe ist die Schaffung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Rings für eine Übungs-Handgranate, die eine minimale Splitterwirkung aufweist.Another object is to provide a method of making a ring for a practice hand grenade that has minimal splintering.

Die vorgenannte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der Ring vollständig von der brisanten Sprengladung umschlossen ist und dass der Ring anorganische Partikel enthält.According to the invention, the aforementioned object is achieved in that the ring is completely enclosed by the explosive charge and that the ring contains inorganic particles.

Die erfindungsgemässe Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate wirkt auf den Benutzer wie eine gefechtsmässige Splitterhandgranate und zwar sowohl während der Manipulation als auch während der Explosion. Sie hat dasselbe Gewicht und dieselbe Schwerpunktslage, sie sieht gleich aus und während der Explosion erreicht man die gleiche Knallwirkung. Dies wird damit erreicht, dass die Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate eine grosse Sprengladung aufweist. Die Bestandteile inkl. des Rings werden jedoch pulverisiert, so dass keine Verletzungsgefahr für die Übenden besteht. Der Ring kann beispielsweise aus den anorganischen Partikeln zu einem Pressling verdichtet werden, der durch die Explosion in seine Bestandteile zerlegt wird. Auf diese Weise können keine wirksamen Splitter in einer Entfernung von grösser als 5 m auftreten. Unter nicht wirksamen Splittern sind solche Splitter zu verstehen, welche ein 2 mm dickes Aluminiumblech mit einer Zugfestigkeit von 400 N/mm2 nicht mehr durchschlagen können.The explosive training hand grenade according to the invention acts on the user like a combat-type hand grenade, both during the manipulation and during the explosion. It has the same weight and the same center of gravity, it looks the same and the explosion effect is the same. This is achieved by the explosive training hand grenade having a large explosive charge. However, the components including the ring are pulverized so that there is no risk of injury to the practitioner. The ring can, for example, be compressed from the inorganic particles into a compact which is broken down into its components by the explosion. In this way, no effective splinters can occur at a distance of more than 5 m. Inactive splinters are to be understood as those splinters which can no longer penetrate a 2 mm thick aluminum sheet with a tensile strength of 400 N / mm 2 .

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Erfindungsgegenstands werden in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Nach Anspruch 2 wird erreicht, dass die Sprengladung annähernd eine Kugelform aufweist und der Detonator in etwa in der Mitte der Kugel angeordnet ist. Dadurch ist ein wesentlicher Teil des Sprengstoffs auch in der Mitte des Rings angeordnet und kann durch die mittige Zündung gleichmässig und konzentriert auf den Ring wirken.According to claim 2 it is achieved that the explosive charge has approximately a spherical shape and the detonator is arranged approximately in the middle of the ball. As a result, a substantial part of the explosive is also arranged in the middle of the ring and, due to the central ignition, can act evenly and in a concentrated manner on the ring.

Gemäss Anspruch 3 wird durch die Gestaltung des Rings als Hohlzylinder die Wirkung verstärkt.According to claim 3, the effect is enhanced by the design of the ring as a hollow cylinder.

Gemäss Anspruch 4 ist es zweckmässig, die Höhe des Rings doppelt so hoch wie seine maximale Wandstärke zu wählen. Das Verhältnis 2 : 1 von Höhe zu Wandstärke bringt fabrikationstechnische Vorteile, beispielsweise bei der Erstellung der Formen.According to claim 4, it is useful to choose the height of the ring twice its maximum wall thickness. The 2: 1 ratio of height to wall thickness brings manufacturing advantages, for example when creating the molds.

Um den grösstmöglichen Anteil an Sprengstoff im Innern des Rings zu konzentrieren, empfiehlt es sich, gemäss Anspruch 5, den Abstand des Rings von der Ummantelung höchstens gleich gross wie die Wandstärke des Rings zu wählen.In order to concentrate the greatest possible proportion of explosives in the interior of the ring, it is advisable, according to claim 5, to choose the distance of the ring from the casing at most as large as the wall thickness of the ring.

Durch eine Abstufung im äusseren Zylindermantel des Rings, gemäss Anspruch 6, wird in etwa auf mittlerer Höhe das Ansetzen eines für den Zusammenbau der Handgranate zweckmässigen Halterings erleichtert.A gradation in the outer cylinder jacket of the ring, according to claim 6, makes it easier to attach a retaining ring useful for assembling the hand grenade at about the middle height.

Gemäss Anspruch 7 werden Herstellung und Einbau des Rings durch die abgeschrägten Kanten zusätzlich erleichtert.According to claim 7 manufacture and installation of the ring are additionally facilitated by the bevelled edges.

Es ist gemäss Anspruch 8 zweckmässig, die pulverförmigen Partikel des Rings im Bereich von 20 bis 200 J.Lm zu wählen. Dabei hat sich eine Korngrössenverteilung von maximal 35 % kleiner als 63 4m und von maximal 15 % grösser als 160 J.Lm als günstig erwiesen.It is expedient according to claim 8 to choose the powdery particles of the ring in the range from 20 to 200 J.Lm. A grain size distribution of a maximum of 35% less than 63 4m and a maximum of 15% larger than 160 J.Lm has proven to be favorable.

Gemäss Anspruch 9 ist es besonders vorteilhaft, die Partikel aus Sintereisen herzustellen. Sintereisenpulver kann wirtschaftlich hergestellt werden und lässt sich leicht unter Druck kompaktieren. Es können aber auch andere Metall- oder Metalloxidpulver verwendet werden.According to claim 9, it is particularly advantageous to produce the particles from sintered iron. Sintered iron powder can be produced economically and can be compacted easily under pressure. But it can also be other metal or metallo xide powder can be used.

Es ist gemäss Anspruch 10 zweckmässig, die Ummantelung aus einer oberen Halbkugelschale und einer unteren Halbkugelschale auszubilden. Die Halbkugelschalen können sowohl verschweisst als auch durch Umbördelung miteinander verbunden werden. Man kann auch andere an sich bekannte Verbindungsarten verwenden. Dabei ist es empfehlenswert, als Material Aluminium oder eine Aluminiumlegierung zu wählen. Die Blechdicke der Halbkugelschale ist so bemessen, dass bei der Detonation keine wirksamen Splitter entstehen und beträgt 0,2 bis 2,0 mm, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 1 mm.It is expedient according to claim 10 to form the casing from an upper hemisphere shell and a lower hemisphere shell. The hemispherical shells can be welded or connected to each other by flanging. Other types of connection known per se can also be used. It is recommended to choose aluminum or an aluminum alloy as the material. The sheet thickness of the hemisphere shell is dimensioned such that no effective splinters occur during the detonation and is 0.2 to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm.

Gemäss Anspruch 11 ist ein Haltering auf der Innenseite zwischen den Verbindungskanten beider Halbkugelschalen befestigt. Er dient in erster Linie zur Zentrierung des Rings bis dieser durch den nach dem Ausgiessen verfestigten Sprengstoff in seiner Lage fixiert ist.According to claim 11, a retaining ring is fixed on the inside between the connecting edges of the two hemispherical shells. It serves primarily to center the ring until it is fixed in its position by the explosive solidified after pouring.

Der Haltering besteht, gemäss Anspruch 12, in zweckmässiger Weise aus dem gleichen Material, wie die Halbkugelschalen der Ummantelung, aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung.According to claim 12, the retaining ring suitably consists of the same material as the hemispherical shells of the casing, of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Gemäss Anspruch 13 weist der Haltering an seinem inneren Rand Ausnehmungen auf. Diese Ausnehmungen dienen als Austrittsöffnungen für die beim Giessen des Sprengstoffs entweichende Luft, sowie zum Nachfliessen des Sprengstoffs.According to claim 13, the retaining ring has recesses on its inner edge. These recesses serve as outlet openings for the air escaping when the explosive is poured, and for the explosive to flow again.

Die Herstellung eines Rings, gemäss Anspruch 14, erfolgt in vorteilhafter Weise durch Komprimieren eines Sintereisenpulvers oder eines Sinterstahlpulvers mit beispielsweise einer Korngrösse von 20 bis 200 jJ.m.A ring is advantageously produced by compressing a sintered iron powder or a sintered steel powder with, for example, a grain size of 20 to 200 mm.

Das Eisenpulver wird nach einer Wärmebehandlung durch Glühen unter Zusatz von hochmolekularen Wachsen zur Erleichterung des Pressvorgangs in einer bewegten Matrize bei einem Druck von 4000 g/cm2 bis 8000 g/cm2, vorzugsweise bei 6000 g/cm2, komprimiert.After a heat treatment by annealing with the addition of high molecular waxes, the iron powder is compressed in a moving die at a pressure of 4000 g / cm 2 to 8000 g / cm 2 , preferably at 6000 g / cm 2 , to facilitate the pressing process.

Gemäss Anspruch 15 ist es vorteilhaft, den Ring zu phosphatieren und mit einer sprengstoffverträglichen Lackschicht aus Acrylaten von 20 bis 300 jJ.m zu überziehen.According to claim 15, it is advantageous to phosphate the ring and to coat it with an explosive-compatible lacquer layer made of acrylates of 20 to 300 jJ.m.

Die Erfindung soll beispielsweise anhand von Zeichnungen näher beschrieben werden.The invention will be described, for example, with reference to drawings.

Es zeigt :

  • Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Achse 1 einer erfindungsgemässen Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate.
  • Figur 2 einen Querschnitt durch den Sprengteil der Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate im Bereich des Halterings nach Fig. 1,
  • Figur 3 ein Detail im Bereich der Befestigung des Halterings gemäss Fig. 2 und
  • Figur 4 eine Variante des Details gemäss Fig. 4.
It shows :
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through an axis 1 of an explosive training hand grenade according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the explosive part of the explosive training hand grenade in the region of the retaining ring according to FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a detail in the area of the fastening of the retaining ring according to FIG. 2 and
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the detail according to FIG. 4.

Gleiche Funktionsteile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Identical functional parts are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

Gemäss Fig. 1 besteht die Ummantelung einer Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate aus einer oberen Halbkugelschale 1 und einer unteren Halbkugelschale 2, beispielsweise aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung. In der oberen Halbkugelschale 1 ist ein Gewindestutzen 3 zur Aufnahme eines Zünders vorgesehen. Ein Ring 4. auch Zerfallkörper genannt, bestehend aus einem Pressling aus Sintereisenpulver oder Sinterstahlpulver, ist mit einer Abstufung 4' versehen. In die Abstufung 4' greift ein Haltering 5 aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung ein. Der Haltering 5 ist mit seiner Peripherie zwischen den Verbindungskanten der Halbkugelschalen 1. 2 befestigt. Er wird an seiner Innenseite durch eine Klemme 6 gegen die Innenseite der unteren Halbkugelschale 2 und mit einer Klemme 6' gegen den Ring 4 gehaltert. Er hat die Aufgabe, die Befestigung und die Positionierung des Rings 4 innerhalb der Halbkugelschalen 1, 2 vor und während des Sprengstoffgusses zu gewährleisten. Der Ring 4 ist vollständig von einer Sprengladung 8 (Wirkladung) umgeben. Durch diese Anordnung konzentriert sich die Sprengstoffbelegung auf die Innenseite des Rings 4. Zwischen der Aussenseite des Rings 4 und der Innenseite der Halbkugelschalen 1, 2 ist die Sprengstoffbelegung so dimensioniert, dass sich die Ummantelung während der Detonation nur in unwirksame Splitter zerlegen kann. Im Gewindestutzen 3 ist ein Zünderkopf 9 aufgeschraubt. Von einem Zündelement 10 ist die linke Seite im Aufriss dargestellt. Im oberen Teil des Zündelements 10 sind eine Zündkapsel 11, ein Zündkapselträger 12 und ein Verzögerungssatz 13 in einem Verzögerungsrohr 14 eingebaut. Im unteren Teil sind in einer Hülse 18, die in eine axiale Aussparung in der Sprengladung 8 eingeführt ist, ein Detonator 15 (Sprengkapsel), ein Initialsprengstoff 16 (Primärladung) und eine Verstärkerladung 17 (Sekundärladung) untergebracht. Am Zünderkopf 9 ist ein Sicherungsbügel 19 angebracht, der über einer Schwenkachse 20, eine Spannfeder 21 trägt, die mit einem Sicherungssplint 22 befestigt ist. Eine Schlagvorrichtung 23 trägt einen Schlaghammer 24.1, the casing of an explosive training hand grenade consists of an upper hemisphere shell 1 and a lower hemisphere shell 2, for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. In the upper hemisphere shell 1, a threaded connector 3 is provided for receiving an igniter. A ring 4, also called a decay body, consisting of a compact made of sintered iron powder or sintered steel powder, is provided with a step 4 '. A retaining ring 5 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy engages in the step 4 '. The retaining ring 5 is attached with its periphery between the connecting edges of the hemispherical shells 1.2. It is held on its inside by a clamp 6 against the inside of the lower hemispherical shell 2 and with a clamp 6 'against the ring 4. It has the task of ensuring the fastening and the positioning of the ring 4 within the hemispherical shells 1, 2 before and during the explosive casting. The ring 4 is completely surrounded by an explosive charge 8 (active charge). As a result of this arrangement, the explosive coating is concentrated on the inside of the ring 4. Between the outside of the ring 4 and the inside of the hemispherical shells 1, 2, the explosive coating is dimensioned such that the sheathing can only be broken down into ineffective fragments during the detonation. An ignition head 9 is screwed into the threaded connector 3. The left side of an ignition element 10 is shown in elevation. In the upper part of the ignition element 10, a primer 11, a primer carrier 12 and a delay set 13 are installed in a delay tube 14. In the lower part, a detonator 15 (detonator capsule), an initial explosive 16 (primary charge) and an intensifier charge 17 (secondary charge) are accommodated in a sleeve 18, which is inserted into an axial recess in the explosive charge 8. A securing bracket 19 is attached to the detonator head 9 and carries a tension spring 21 over a swivel axis 20, which is fastened with a locking split pin 22. A striking device 23 carries a striking hammer 24.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch den Sprengteil der erfindungsgemässen Explosiv-Übungs-Handgranate. gemäss Fig. 1, im Bereich des Halterings 5. Darin sind im Haltering 5 mehrere Ausnehmungen 7 gezeichnet, die den Austritt der Luft aus der unteren Halbkugelschale 2 während des Giessvorgangs der Sprengladung 8 sowie das Nachfliessen des Sprengstoffs gewährleisten. Der besseren Übersicht wegen wurde der Sprengstoff zwischen dem Ring 4 und der Hülse 18 sowie in den Aussparungen 7 nicht wie in Fig. 1 schraffiert gezeichnet. Der Haltering 5 weist auf seiner Innenseite Fortsätze in Form der Klemmen 6 und 6' auf. Die Klemmen 6 dienen zum Zentrieren des Halterings 5 auf der Innenseite der Halbkugelschalen 1 und 2. Die Klemmen 6' auf der Innenseite des Halterings 5 weisen einen Biegewinkel von mehr als 90° auf und sollen durch ihre Elastizität beim Zusammenbau mit dem Ring 4 so leicht nachgeben, dass sie eine klemmende Kraft ausüben. Sie greifen in die zylindrische Oberfläche des Rings 5 derart ein. dass ein Zurückschieben des Halterings 5 verhindert wird. Die inneren Vorsprünge des Halterings 5 sind so lang, dass sie auf der Abstufung 4' (Absatz) des Rings 4 aufliegen.2 shows a cross section through the explosive part of the explosive training hand grenade according to the invention. 1, in the area of the retaining ring 5. In the retaining ring 5, a plurality of recesses 7 are drawn, which ensure the escape of air from the lower hemisphere shell 2 during the casting process of the explosive charge 8 and the flow of the explosive. For the sake of clarity, the explosive between the ring 4 and the sleeve 18 and in the recesses 7 was not drawn as hatched in FIG. 1. The retaining ring 5 has extensions on the inside in the form of the clamps 6 and 6 '. The clamps 6 serve to center the retaining ring 5 on the inside of the hemispherical shells 1 and 2. The clamps 6 'on the inside of the retaining ring 5 have a bending angle of more than 90 ° and are intended to be so light when they are assembled with the ring 4 giving in that they have a pinching force. They engage in the cylindrical surface of the ring 5 in this way. that a pushing back of the retaining ring 5 is prevented. The inner projections of the retaining ring 5 are so long that they rest on the step 4 '(paragraph) of the ring 4.

In Fig. 3 ist ein Detail zwischen der oberen und der unteren Halbkugelschale 1, 2 dargestellt. Der Haltering 5 ist in der Nut einer Schweissnaht 5' befestigt und zeigt, wie ein Vorsprung der Innenseite des Halterings 5 in die Abstufung 4' des Rings 4 eingreift.3 shows a detail between the upper and lower hemispherical shells 1, 2. The retaining ring 5 is fastened in the groove of a weld seam 5 'and shows how a projection on the inside of the retaining ring 5 engages in the step 4' of the ring 4.

In Fig. 4 wird eine Variante in Form einer Bördelung 5" der Ränder der beiden Halbkugelschalen 1, 2 gezeigt. Hier ist der Haltering 5 innerhalb der Bördelung befestigt.4 shows a variant in the form of a flange 5 "of the edges of the two hemispherical shells 1, 2. Here, the retaining ring 5 is fastened within the flange.

Claims (15)

1. An explosive, practice hand-grenade of high explosive pressure capacity, which comprises an encased body of high explosive charge (8) and in which a detonator (15) with a delayed-action fuse (13, 14) which is surrounded by a ring (4) is provided in one axis, characterized in that the ring (4) is completely surrounded by the high explosive charge (8) and the ring (4) contains inorganic particles. (Fig. 1).
2. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 1, characterized in that the explosive charge (8) comprises at least approximately a spherical shape, and the detonator (15) is disposed at least approximately in the region of the centre of the sphere. (Fig. 1).
3. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ring (4) has at least approximately the shape of a hollow cylinder. (Fig. 1).
4. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 1, characterized in that the height of the ring (4) to the maximum wall thickness is at least in the ratio of 2 : 1. (Figs. 2, 3).
5. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 1, characterized in that the distance of the ring (4) from the inner edge of the covering (1, 2) is at most of the same magnitude as its wall thickness. (Fig. 1).
6. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ring (4) comprises a shoulder (4') in the region of one of the hemispherical shells (1, 2). (Figs. 2, 3).
7. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ring (4) is flattened on its peripheral edges. (Fig. 1).
8. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 1, characterized in that the powdered particles of the ring (4) have a particle size of between 20 and 200 µm.
9. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the particles consist of sintered iron powder or sintered steel powder.
10. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 1, characterized in that the covering of the explosive charge (8) comprises an upper hemispherical shell (1) and a lower hemispherical shell (2).
11. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 1, characterized in that a retaining ring (5) is secured between the connexion edges of the upper hemispherical shell (1) and the lower hemispherical shell (2).
12. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 11, characterized in that the retaining ring (5) consists of an aluminium alloy or aluminium.
13. An explosive, practice hand-grenade according to Claim 11, characterized in that the retaining ring (5) comprises recesses (7) on its inner edge.
14. A method of manufacturing a ring (4) according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the ring (4) is pressed by compressing sintered iron powder or sintered steel powder with a particle size of between 20 and 200 µm at a pressure of between 4 000 g/cm2 and 8 000 g/cm2.
15. A method according Claim 14, characterized in that the ring (4) is phosphatized and is then coated with a layer of varnish of between 20 and 300 µm.
EP85200062A 1984-02-02 1985-01-22 Explosive, practice hand-grenade and method for its manufacture Expired EP0150881B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85200062T ATE28704T1 (en) 1984-02-02 1985-01-22 EXPLOSIVE PRACTICE HAND GRENADE AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH48384 1984-02-02
CH483/84 1984-02-02

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0150881A2 EP0150881A2 (en) 1985-08-07
EP0150881A3 EP0150881A3 (en) 1985-08-28
EP0150881B1 true EP0150881B1 (en) 1987-07-29

Family

ID=4188035

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85200062A Expired EP0150881B1 (en) 1984-02-02 1985-01-22 Explosive, practice hand-grenade and method for its manufacture

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4699063A (en)
EP (1) EP0150881B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE28704T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1245910A (en)
DE (1) DE3560408D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8607529A1 (en)
GR (1) GR82515B (en)
PT (1) PT79903B (en)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4926752A (en) * 1989-03-07 1990-05-22 Dirubbio Vincent Safety fuze for a hand grenade
US5196649A (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-03-23 Dinova, Inc. Safety fuze for a hand grenade
US5351623A (en) * 1993-06-21 1994-10-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Explosive simulator
DE19548436C1 (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-06-26 Buck Chem Tech Werke Rapid smoke grenade
US6227095B1 (en) * 1997-09-12 2001-05-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Insensitive munition booster seal
US6470806B1 (en) * 2000-02-28 2002-10-29 Kenneth R. Murray Cartridge format delay igniter
RU2235289C1 (en) * 2003-02-03 2004-08-27 Фгуп "Нити" Non-lethal action bursting charge for a hand grenade
USD565476S1 (en) * 2007-04-11 2008-04-01 Frazier John R Vehicle hitch ornament
US9234730B1 (en) * 2007-10-22 2016-01-12 Kendrick Cook Hand grenade
BRPI1002280B1 (en) * 2010-06-11 2020-03-24 Condor S.A. Indústria Química HAND GRENADE
RU2473868C2 (en) * 2011-04-20 2013-01-27 Юрий Николаевич Юрченко Unified primer for hand grenades
US9423228B2 (en) * 2014-07-02 2016-08-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Scretary Of The Navy Advanced fragmentation hand grenade

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1281939A (en) * 1918-05-25 1918-10-15 Jozef Gieda Pocket-bomb.
US2776159A (en) * 1953-01-21 1957-01-01 Cookson William Closure ring for container
US2805092A (en) * 1954-04-02 1957-09-03 Frederick P Warrick Company Fastener for film reel magazine covers
US3156188A (en) * 1962-03-01 1964-11-10 Aerojet General Co Fragmentation weapon
FR1481762A (en) * 1965-06-04 1967-05-19 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Process for the manufacture of an iron powder which is suitable for disintegrating rifle bullets for practice cartridges
US3492945A (en) * 1968-09-27 1970-02-03 Special Devices Inc Practice grenade
FR2269703A1 (en) * 1974-05-03 1975-11-28 Losfeld Christian Practice grenade with detonator charge - has shock absorber for detonation and shot breaker disc ahead of ball charge
CH638609A5 (en) * 1978-12-22 1983-09-30 Eurometaal Nv SPLITTER PLASTIC COAT FOR MILITARY COMBUSTION BODIES.
NL7902833A (en) * 1979-04-10 1980-10-14 Eurometaal Nv Practice hand grenade with igniter - has tubes with ignition delay and sound effect charge and additional charge for greater effect
DE3130569A1 (en) * 1981-08-01 1983-02-17 Chemische Werke Hüls AG, 4370 Marl HIGHLY FILLED POLYAMIDE SHAPING MATERIAL IN SMALL PARTS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0150881A2 (en) 1985-08-07
DE3560408D1 (en) 1987-09-03
ATE28704T1 (en) 1987-08-15
CA1245910A (en) 1988-12-06
ES540107A0 (en) 1986-05-16
US4699063A (en) 1987-10-13
PT79903B (en) 1986-09-08
EP0150881A3 (en) 1985-08-28
PT79903A (en) 1985-02-01
ES8607529A1 (en) 1986-05-16
GR82515B (en) 1985-03-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0150881B1 (en) Explosive, practice hand-grenade and method for its manufacture
DE2727970C2 (en)
AT393559B (en) BULLET
DE2835557C2 (en) Warhead for projectiles and missiles
EP1851503B1 (en) Bullet
DE2947165A1 (en) BULLET WITH KINETIC ENERGY
DE3528371A1 (en) CHARGE
DE3724491C2 (en) Explosive charge that releases a nucleus
DE2437535B2 (en)
DE3888288T2 (en) Propellant charge for wing-stabilized projectile ammunition and process for its manufacture.
DE2557676A1 (en) Projectile contg. fragments of depleted uranium alloy - giving high penetrating power esp. armour piercing and incendiary action
EP0146745A1 (en) Stabilised sub-calibre multi-purpose missile
DE3240310A1 (en) Armour-piercing conflagration projectile
DE211778C (en)
DE3822375C2 (en)
CH660627A5 (en) CHARGE.
DE2059753A1 (en) Weapons and compounds and methods of making the same
EP0881459A2 (en) Training projectile
EP1430267A1 (en) Complete destruction shell
DE3402121A1 (en) Hollow-charge projectile
AT90493B (en) Projectile.
DE2438284C3 (en) Tear gas grenade
DE4440265C2 (en) Practice bullet for barrel weapons
AT222001B (en) Projectile with explosive charge, especially hand grenade
EP0928408B1 (en) Submunition element and fragmentation envelope therefor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19850719

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19860415

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 28704

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19870815

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3560408

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19870903

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19900406

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19901218

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19901219

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19901228

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19910107

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19910109

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19910114

Year of fee payment: 7

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19910131

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19910131

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19910131

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19910328

Year of fee payment: 7

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19920122

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19920122

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19920122

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19920123

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19920131

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: SCHWEIZERISCHE EIDGENOSSENSCHAFT VERTRETEN DURCH

Effective date: 19920131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19920801

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PCNP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19920930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19921001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 85200062.9

Effective date: 19920806