EP0030919A1 - Process for the improvement, especially dyeing, optical brightening or finishing of fibrous textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for finishing, in particular for dyeing, optically brightening and / or finishing textile fiber materials, especially carpets, with an aqueous preparation in foam form which, in addition to dye or optical brightener and / or finishing agent, contains a foam stabilizer, a foam moderator and optionally other auxiliaries . An aqueous preparation is used which contains (a) 1 to 4 g / l of an anionic or nonionic surfactant or a mixture of these surfactants as foam stabilizer and (b) 0.1 to 1 g / 1 of a siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer as foam moderator from this a foam, the degree of foaming being 1: (6 to 20), applies this foam to the textile fiber materials continuously in the form of at least one layer and, if appropriate, the foam layer sucks into the fiber materials. These are then subjected to steam treatment. Dyed and / or excellently finished textile fiber materials are obtained.

Description

The present invention relates to the finishing, in particular the dyeing and / or finishing, of textile fiber materials with a pronounced three-dimensional character (pile or pile materials), in particular carpets, with foamed aqueous preparations.

• (a) als Schaumstabilisator 1 bis 4 g/1 eines anionischen oder nichtionogenen Tensides oder einer Mischung dieser Tenside und
• (b) als Schaummoderator 0,1 bis 1 g/1 eines Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats

enthält, einen Schaum herstellt, wobei der Verschäumungsgrad 1: (6 bis 20) beträgt, diesen Schaum auf die textilen Fasermaterialien kontinuierlich in Form mindestens einer Schicht aufbringt, die Schaumschicht gegebenenfalls, vorzugsweise jedoch teilweise, in die Fasermaterialien einsaugt und diese anschliessend einer Dampfbehandlung unterwirft.The present invention accordingly relates to a process for refining, in particular for dyeing, optically brightening and / or finishing textile fiber materials, in particular carpets, with an aqueous preparation in foam form which, in addition to dye or optical brightener or finishing agent, a foam stabilizer, a foam moderator and optionally contains other auxiliaries, characterized in that from the aqueous preparation, the

• (a) as a foam stabilizer 1 to 4 g / 1 of an anionic or nonionic surfactant or a mixture of these surfactants and
• (b) as a foam moderator 0.1 to 1 g / 1 of a siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer

contains, creates a foam, the degree of foaming is 1: (6 to 20), applies this foam to the textile fiber materials continuously in the form of at least one layer, the foam layer, if necessary, but preferably partially, is sucked into the fiber materials and then subjected to steam treatment .

The substrates to be treated according to the invention can be made from all conventional natural and / or synthetic fiber materials, such as, for example, cotton, regenerated cellulose, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide (6 or 6.6), wool or mixtures thereof. Floor materials and especially carpets (for example loop or velor carpets with a carpet weight of up to 2500 g / m2) made of polyacrylonitrile, wool or in particular of polyamide are preferred.

For the dyeing according to the invention, all customary classes of dyes come into consideration, e.g. Disperse, vat, reactive, substantive, acid, basic or metal complex dyes, as well as corresponding, in practice, mixtures of such dyes. Examples of dyes are described in Color Index, 3rd edition 1971, volume 4.

If textile substrates are optically brightened using the process according to the invention, the optical brighteners used are e.g. such'styryl or stilbene series in question.

All chemicals suitable for use in the carpet industry, such as finishing and protective agents, are suitable as finishing agents which can be applied according to the invention. For example, antistatic, antisoil or soil releasing agents can be applied.

Components (a) and (b) of the preparations used according to the invention are the actual foaming agents (foam stabilizers, foam moderator).

The weight ratio of components (a) and (b) to one another is (2 to 40): 1.

Anionic or nonionic compounds with surface-active properties are generally suitable as foam stabilizers [component (a)].

The anionic surfactants of component (a) are preferably alkylene oxide adducts, such as acid addition products containing alkylene oxides, in particular ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, or also styrene oxide onto aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals with a total of at least 2 carbon atoms, containing organic products containing, for example, acid groups, ether groups or preferably ester groups of inorganic or organic acids Hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino and / or amido compounds or mixtures of these substances. These acidic ethers or esters can be present as free acids or as salts, for example alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or amine salts.

These anionic surfactants are prepared by known methods by adding at least 1 mole, preferably more than 1 mole, e.g. 2 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or alternately in any order ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and then the adducts are etherified or esterified and, if appropriate, the ethers or the esters are converted into their salts. Higher fatty alcohols, i.e. Alkanols or alkenols each with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, di- to hexavalent aliphatic alcohols with 2 to 9 carbon atoms, alicyclic alcohols, phenylphenols, benzylphenols, alkylphenols with one or more alkyl substituents, which together have at least 4 carbon atoms, fatty acids with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, amines which have aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicals of at least 8 carbon atoms, in particular fatty amines containing such radicals, hydroxyalkylamines, hydroxyalkylamides and aminoalkyl esters of fatty acids or dicarboxylic acids and higher alkylated aryloxycarboxylic acids.

• - sulfatierte aliphatische Alkohole, deren Alkylkette 8 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist, z.B. sulfatierter Laurylalkohol;
• - sulfatierte ungesättigte Fettsäuren oder Fettsäureniederalkylester, die im Fettrest 8 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatome aufweisen, z.B. Rizinolsäure und solche Fettsäuren enthaltende Oele, z.B. Rizinusöl;
• - Alkylsulfonate, deren Alkylkette 8 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatome enthält, z.B. Dodecylsulfonat;
• - Alkylarylsulfonate mit geradkettiger oder verzweigter Alkylkette mit mindestens 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, z.B. Dodecylbenzolsulfonate oder 3,7-Diisobutyl-naphthalinsulfonate;
• - Sulfonate von Polycarbonsäureestern, z.B. Dioctylsulfosuccinate oder Sulfosuccinamide;
• - die als Seifen bezeicnneten Alkalimetall-, Ammonium- oder Aminsalze von Fettsäuren mit 10 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen, z.B: Kolophoniumsalze;
• - Ester von Polyalkoholen, insbesondere Mono- oder Diglyceride von Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, z.B. Monoglyceride der Laurin-, Stearin- oder Oelsäure, und
• - die mit einer organischen Dicarbonsäure wie z.B. Maleinsäure, Malonsäure oder Sulfobernsteinsäure, vorzugsweise jedoch mit einer anorganischen mehrbasischen Säure wie o-Phosphorsäure oder insbesondere Schwefelsäure in einen sauren Ester übergeführten Anlagerungsprodukte von 1 bis 60 Aethylenoxyd und/oder Propylenoxyd an Fettamine, Fettsäuren oder Fettalkohole je mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, an Alkylphenole mit 4 bis 16 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkylkette oder an dreibis sechswertige Alkanole mit 3 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen.

Examples of suitable anionic surfactants are:

• sulfated aliphatic alcohols whose alkyl chain has 8 to 18 carbon atoms, for example sulfated lauryl alcohol;
• sulfated unsaturated fatty acids or fatty acid lower alkyl esters which have 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the fat residue, for example ricinoleic acid and oils containing such fatty acids, for example castor oil;
• Alkyl sulfonates whose alkyl chain contains 8 to 20 carbon atoms, for example dodecyl sulfonate;
• Alkylarylsulfonates with a straight-chain or branched alkyl chain with at least 6 carbon atoms, for example dodecylbenzenesulfonates or 3,7-diisobutyl-naphthalenesulfonates;
• - Sulfonates of polycarboxylic acid esters, for example dioctylsulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamides;
• - The so called alkali metal, ammonium or amine salts of fatty acids with 10 to 20 carbon atoms, for example: rosin salts;
• - Esters of polyalcohols, in particular mono- or diglycerides of fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example monoglycerides of lauric, stearic or oleic acid, and
• - The with an organic dicarboxylic acid such as maleic acid, malonic acid or sulfosuccinic acid, but preferably with an inorganic polybasic acid such as o-phosphoric acid or in particular sulfuric acid, adducts of 1 to 60 ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide to fatty amines, fatty acids or fatty alcohols each converted into an acidic ester with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, on alkylphenols with 4 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain or on three to six-valent alkanols with 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

• (1) saure Ester oder deren Salze eines Polyadduktes von 2 bis 15 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Fettalkohol mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen oder an 1 Mol Alkylphenol mit 4 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylteil,
• (2) Alkylphenylsulfonate mit 8 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylrest,
• (3) sulfonierte 1-Benzyl-2-alkylbenzimidazole mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylrest,

wobei die Komponenten (1), (2) und (3) einzeln oder als Gemisch verwendet werden können.Anionic surfactants which are highly suitable as foam stabilizers for component (a) are

• (1) acidic esters or their salts of a polyadduct of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of fatty alcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with 1 mole of alkylphenol with 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part,
• (2) alkylphenyl sulfonates with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical,
• (3) sulfonated 1-benzyl-2-alkylbenzimidazoles with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical,

components (1), (2) and (3) can be used individually or as a mixture.

oder die Formel

dargestellt werden, worin R Alkyl oder Alkenyl mit je 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, X der Säurerest einer anorganischen, Sauerstoff-enthaltenden Säure oder der Rest einer organischen Säure, p 4 bis 12 und z 2 bis 12 sind.Component (1) of the preferred foam stabilizers mentioned can be given, for example, by the formula

or the formula

in which R is alkyl or alkenyl each having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, X is the acid residue of an inorganic, oxygen-containing acid or the rest of an organic acid, p 4 to 12 and z 2 to 12.

The alkyl radicals on the benzene ring of formula (1) can be butyl, hexyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, p-tert-octyl, p-tert-nonyl, decyl or dodecyl. The alkyl radicals having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, in particular the octyl and nonyl radicals, are preferred.

The acid residue X is derived, for example, from low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids, such as of maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid or sulfosuccinic acid, and is connected to the ethyleneoxy part of the molecule via an ester bridge. In particular, however, X is derived from inorganic polybasic acids, such as orthophosphoric acid and especially sulfuric acid. The acid residue X is preferably in salt form, i.e. e.g. as an alkali metal, ammonium or amine salt. Examples of such salts are lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, trimethylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine salts.

The fatty alcohols for the production of component (1) of formula (2) are e.g. those with 8 to 22, in particular with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as octyl, decyl, lauryl, tridecyl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, arachidyl or behenyl alcohol.

The ester formation generally takes place with the same acids which are mentioned for the compounds of the formula (1). A preferred compound among the foam stabilizers of formula (2) is the sodium salt of lauryl triglycol ether sulfonic acid.

• 1. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol p-tert.-Nonylphenol;
• 2. Natriumsalz des sauren Maleinsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol p-Nonylphenol;
• 3. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol p-Butylphenol;
• 4. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Phosphorsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol p-Nonylphenol:
• 5. Natriumsalz des Disulfobernsteinsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 4 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol n-Octylphenol;
• 6. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 9 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol p-Nonylphenol;
• 7. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 6 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol p-Nonylphenol;
• 8. Natriumsalz des Monosulfobernsteinsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol p-Nonylphenol;
• 9. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 6 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Dodecylphenol;
• 10. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Octylphenol;
• 11. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Alfol (1014);
• 12. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Stearylalkohol;
• 13. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol 2-Aethyl-hexanol;
• 14. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 15 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Stearylalkohol;
• 15. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Tridecylalkohol;
• 16. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 4 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Hydroabietylalkohol;
• 17. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Alfol (2022);
• 18. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Laurylalkohol;
• 19. Di-(β-hydroxy-äthyl)-aminsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Laurylalkohol;
• 20. Natriumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Laurylalkohol;
• 21. Natriumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Laurylalkohol;
• 22. Saurer Phosphorsäureester des Anlagerungsproduktes von 5 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol 2-Aethyl-n-hexanol;
• 23. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol eines Alkoholgemisches mit 20 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen.
• 24. Diphosphorsäureester des Anlagerungsproduktes von 8 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Dodecylamin.
• 25. Ammoniumsalz des sauren Phosphorsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 8 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Talgfettamin.

The following compounds are mentioned in particular for components (1) of the formulas (1) and (2):

• 1. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of p-tert-nonylphenol;
• 2. sodium salt of the acidic maleic acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of p-nonylphenol;
• 3. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of p-butylphenol;
• 4. Ammonium salt of the acidic phosphoric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of p-nonylphenol:
• 5. sodium salt of the disulfosuccinic acid ester of the adduct of 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of n-octylphenol;
• 6. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 9 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of p-nonylphenol;
• 7. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 6 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of p-nonylphenol;
• 8. sodium salt of the monosulfosuccinic acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of p-nonylphenol;
• 9. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 6 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of dodecylphenol;
• 10. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of octylphenol;
• 11. ammonium salt of the acid sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of alfol (1014);
• 12. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of stearyl alcohol;
• 13. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of 2-ethylhexanol;
• 14. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 15 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of stearyl alcohol;
• 15. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of tridecyl alcohol;
• 16. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of hydroabietyl alcohol;
• 17. Ammonium salt of the acid sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of Alfol (2022);
• 18. ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of lauryl alcohol;
• 19. Di- (β-hydroxy-ethyl) amine salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of lauryl alcohol;
• 20. Sodium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of lauryl alcohol;
• 21. Sodium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of lauryl alcohol;
• 22. Acidic phosphoric acid ester of the adduct of 5 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of 2-ethyl-n-hexanol;
• 23. Ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of an alcohol mixture with 20 to 22 carbon atoms.
• 24. Diphosphoric acid ester of the adduct of 8 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of dodecylamine.
• 25. Ammonium salt of the acidic phosphoric acid ester of the adduct of 8 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of tallow fatty amine.

The alkylphenyl sulfonates of component (2) are generally alkali metal salts of the corresponding monosulfonic acids having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl part which is straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated. Examples of alkyl radicals are N-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, n-dodecyl, tridecyl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl or oleyl. Alkyl radicals having 8 to 12 carbon atoms are preferred, with dodecylbenzenesulfonate (sodium salt) being particularly suitable.

Component (3) is a sulfonated 1-benzyl-2-alkylbenzimidazole with 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part. The alkyl radicals are derived from the acid esters mentioned above.

Of the sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives which can be obtained by condensing o-phenylenediamine with saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 18, preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms (palmitic, stearic, oleic acid), those having 2 sulfonic acid groups are preferred.

The preferred compound is the disodium salt of 1-benzyl-2-heptadecylbenzimidazole disulfonic acid.

Components (1) to (3) can be used alone or as mixtures with one another as foam stabilizers.

The nonionic surfactant according to component (a) is advantageously a nonionic alkylene oxide addition product of 1 to 100 moles of alkylene oxide, e.g. Ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, on 1 mol of an aliphatic monoalcohol with at least 4 carbon atoms, a 3- to 6-valent aliphatic alcohol, an optionally substituted by alkyl or phenyl or a fatty acid with 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

The aliphatic monoalcohols for the production of the nonionic surfactants are e.g. water-insoluble monoalcohols having at least 4 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms. These alcohols can be saturated or unsaturated and branched or straight-chain and can be used alone or in a mixture. Natural alcohols such as e.g. Myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol or synthetic alcohols such as in particular 2-ethylhexanol, further trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol or the above-mentioned alfoles can be reacted with the alkylene oxide.

Other aliphatic alcohols that can be reacted with alkylene oxide are 3- to 6-valent alkanols. These contain 3 to 6 carbon atoms and are in particular glycerol, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, mannitol, pentaerythritol and sorbitol. The 3- to 6-valent alcohols are preferably reacted with propylene oxide or ethylene oxide or mixtures of these alkylene oxides.

Suitable optionally substituted phenols are, for example, phenol, o-phenylphenol or alkylphenols, the alkyl radical of which has 1 to 16, preferably 4 to 12, carbon atoms. Examples of these alkylphenols are p-cresol, butylphenol, tributylphenol, octylphenol and especially nonylphenol.

The fatty acids preferably have 8 to 12 carbon atoms and can be saturated or unsaturated, e.g. capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic or stearic acid or decenic, dodecenic, tetradecenic, hexadecenic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic or preferably ricinoleic acid.

• - Anlagerungsprodukte von vorzugsweise 5 bis 80 Mol Alkylenoxyden, insbesondere Aethylenoxyd, wobei einzelne Aethylenoxydeinheiten durch substituierte Epoxyde, wie Styroloxyd und/oder Propylenoxyd, ersetzt sein können, an höhere ungesättigte oder gesättigte Fettalkohole, Fettsäuren, Fettamine oder Fettamide mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen oder an Phenylphenol oder Alkylphenole, deren Alkylreste mindestens 4 Kohlenstoffatome aufweisen;
• - Alkylenoxyd-, insbesondere Aethylenoxyd- und/oder Propylenoxyd-Kondensationsprodukte;
• - Umsetzungsprodukte aus einer 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatome aufweisenden Fettsäure und einem primären oder sekundären, mindestens eine Hydroxyniederalkyl- oder Niederalkoxyniederalkylgruppe aufweisenden Amin oder Alkylenoxyd-Anlagerungsprodukte dieser hydroxyalkylgruppenhaltigen Umsetzungsprodukte, wobei die Umsetzung so erfolgt, dass das molekulare Mengenverhältnis zwischen Hydroxyalkylamin und Fettsäure 1:1 und grösser als 1, z.B. 1,1:1 bis 2:1 sein kann, und
• - Anlagerungsprodukte von Propylenoxyd an einen drei- bis sechswertigen aliphatischen Alkohol von 3 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, z.B. Glycerin oder Pentaerythrit, wobei die Polypropylenoxydaddukte ein durchschnittliches Molekulargewicht von 250 bis 1800, vorzugsweise 400 bis 900, aufweisen.

Examples of nonionic surfactants are:

• - Addition products of preferably 5 to 80 mol of alkylene oxides, in particular ethylene oxide, where individual ethylene oxide units can be replaced by substituted epoxides, such as styrene oxide and / or propylene oxide, with higher unsaturated or saturated fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty amines or fatty amides with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or at Phenylphenol or alkylphenols, the alkyl radicals of which have at least 4 carbon atoms;
• - Alkylene oxide, especially ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide condensation products;
• - Reaction products from a fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and a primary or secondary amine or alkylene oxide addition products containing at least one hydroxy-lower alkyl or lower alkoxy-lower alkyl group of these reaction products containing hydroxyalkyl groups, the reaction taking place in such a way that the molecular quantitative ratio between hydroxyalkylamine and fatty acid is 1: 1 and can be greater than 1, for example 1.1: 1 to 2: 1, and
• Addition products of propylene oxide onto a trihydric to hexavalent aliphatic alcohol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, for example glycerol or pentaerythritol, the polypropylene oxide adducts having an average molecular weight of 250 to 1800, preferably 400 to 900.

• (4) Anlagerungsprodukte von 2 bis 15 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Fettalkohol oder Fettsäure mit jeweils 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen oder an 1 Mol Alkylphenol mit insgesamt 4 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylteil,
• (5) gegebenenfalls mono-, di- oder triäthoxylierte Fettalkohole mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen im Fettalkoholrest, oder
• (6) Fettsäuredialkanolamide mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen im Fettsäurerest.

Non-ionic surfactants which are highly suitable as foam stabilizers of component (a) are

• (4) addition products of 2 to 15 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of fatty alcohol or fatty acid each with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with 1 mol of alkylphenol with a total of 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part,
• (5) optionally mono-, di- or triethoxylated fatty alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the fatty alcohol radical, or
• (6) Fatty acid dialkanolamides with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue.

dargestellt werden können, worin n 8 oder 9 und z 2 bis 12 ist. Die Alkylsubstituenten am Phenolring können geradkettig oder verzweigt sein.Component (4) of the foam stabilizers are advantageously octyl or preferably nonylphenol-ethylene oxide adducts with 2 to 12 ethylene oxide units, which are in particular represented by the formula

can be represented, wherein n is 8 or 9 and z is 2 to 12. The alkyl substituents on the phenol ring can be straight-chain or branched.

The following octyl and nonylphenol reaction products may be mentioned in particular: p-nonylphenol / 9 mol of ethylene oxide, p-octylphenol / 2 mol of ethylene oxide, p-nonylphenol / 10 mol of ethylene oxide, p-nonylphenol / 11 mol of ethylene oxide.

Further alkylphenol-ethylene oxide adducts can be e.g. derived from butylphenol or tributylphenol.

Component (4) can expediently also be an adduct of 2 to 15 mol, preferably 7 to 15 mol, of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of an aliphatic monoalcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

The aliphatic monoalcohols can be saturated or unsaturated and can be used alone or as mixtures. Natural alcohols such as, for example, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol or synthetic alcohols such as, in particular, 2-ethylhexanol, also trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol or the C ₁₂ -C ₂₂ -alcohols can be reacted with ethylene oxide.

Ethylene oxide addition products of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of fatty acid can also be used as component (4). The fatty acids preferably have 10 to 20 carbon atoms and can be saturated or unsaturated, such as, for example, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic or stearic acid or decenic, dodecenic, tetradecenic, hexadecenic, oleic, linoleic or ricinoleic acid.

Component (5) is by definition an optionally ethoxylated fatty alcohol, the HLB value of which is expediently 0.1 to 10, in particular 0.5 to 10. Components (5) with HLB values in the range from 0.1 to 7.0 have proven to be particularly advantageous. The HLB value is a measure of the "hydrophilic-lipophilic balance" in a molecule.

According to W.C. Griffin, ISCC 5, 249 (1954) or J.T. Davis, Tenside Detergens 11 (1974), No. 3, p. 133, can be determined or calculated experimentally.

The fatty alcohols which can be considered as component (5) can be saturated or unsaturated. They preferably contain 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Examples of alcohols for component (5) are lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, arachidyl, behenyl alcohol or ^C ₁₂ -C ₂₂ alfols.

These fatty alcohols can advantageously be mono-, di- or tri-ethoxylated.

Preferred components (5) are cetyl alcohol or diethylene glycol cetyl ether (= polyoxyethylene (2) cetyl ether) of the formula C ₁₆ H ₃₃ -O- (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) ₂ -H.

The fatty acid-alkanolamine reaction products of component (6) are e.g. products which are produced from fatty acids with 8 to 22, preferably 8 to 18, carbon atoms and alkanolamines with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, isopropanolamine or di-isopropanolamine, diethanolamine being preferred. Fatty acid diethanolamides having 8 to 18 carbon atoms are particularly preferred.

Suitable fatty acids are e.g. Caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachic, behenic, oleic, linoleic, linotenic, arachidonic or coconut fatty acids.

Preferred examples of such reaction products are coconut fatty acid diethanolamide and lauric acid or stearic acid diethanolamide.

worin R' Wasserstoff, Alkyl oder Alkenyl mit höchstens 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, vorzugsweise 8 bis 16 Kohlenstoffatomen, o-Phenylphenyl oder Alkylphenyl mit_.4 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylteil, von Z und Z₂ eines Wasserstoff und das andere Methyl, y 1 bis 15 bedeuten und die Summe von n₁+n₂ 3 bis 15 beträgt.Other highly suitable nonionic surfactants are alkylene oxide reaction products of the formula

wherein R 'is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl with at most 18 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 16 carbon atoms, o-phenylphenyl or alkylphenyl with _. 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, of Z and Z _{2 of} a hydrogen and the other methyl, y is 1 to 15 and the sum of n ₁ + n _{2 is} 3 to 15.

Particularly advantageous nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol mixed ethers, in particular addition products of 3 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide and 3 to 10 moles of propylene oxide with aliphatic monoalcohols of 8 to 16 carbon atoms.

• 1. Anlagerungsprodukt von 12 Mol Aethylenoxyd und 12 Mol Propylenoxyd an 1 Mol eines C₄-C₁₈-Fettalkohols,
• 2. Anlagerungsprodukt von 5 Mol Aethylenoxyd und 5 Mol Propylenoxyd an 1 Mol Alfol (12-14),
• 3. Anlagerungsprodukt von 9 Mol Aethylenoxyd und 7 Mol Propylenoxyd an ¹ Mol C₁₆-C₁₈-Fettalkohol,
• 4. Anlagerungsprodukt von 9,5 Mol Aethylenoxyd und 9,5 Mol Propylenoxyd an 1 Mol Nonylphenol.

The following addition products are examples of the alkylene oxide reaction products of the formula (4):

• 1. adduct of 12 moles of ethylene oxide and 12 moles of propylene oxide with 1 mole of a C ₄ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohol,
• 2. adduct of 5 moles of ethylene oxide and 5 moles of propylene oxide with 1 mole of alfol (12-14),
• 3. adduct of 9 moles of ethylene oxide and 7 moles of propylene oxide with ¹ mole of C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohol,
• 4. Addition product of 9.5 mol of ethylene oxide and 9.5 mol of propylene oxide with 1 mol of nonylphenol.

Preferred foam stabilizers for component (a) are combinations of components (1), (2), (4), (5) and (6) and given if also from component (3). Components (1), (2), (4), (5) and (6) can advantageously also be used alone as foam stabilizers.

Preferred individual components are the reaction product of 1 mol of nonylphenol and 2 mol of ethylene oxide, the ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the reaction product of 1 mol of nonylphenol and 2 mol of ethylene oxide, lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium, dodecyl phenyl sulfonate sodium or a fatty acid diethyl fatty acid amide fatty acid amide fatty acid with 8 to 18 fatty acids ).

• (1) Nonylphenol-Aethylenoxydaddukten mit 10 bis 12 Aethylenoxydeinheiten, Natriumsalzen von Schwefelsäureestern von Fettalkohol-Aethylenaddukten mit 10 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkoholteil und 2 bis 4 Alkylenoxydeinheiten und Kokosfettsäurediäthanolamid,
• (2) Umsetzungsprodukte von 7 bis 15 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Stearylalkohol, Kokosfettsäurediäthanolamid und Cetylalkohol oder diäthoxyliertem Cetylalkohol,
• (3) Dodecylbenzolsulfonat, Lauryltriglykoläthersulfat-Natrium, Kokosfettsäurediäthanolamid und dem Dinatriumsalz der 1-Benzyl-2- stearyl-benzimidazoldisulfonsäure, oder
• (4) Lauryltriglykoläthersulfat-Natrium und Fettsäurediäthanolamide mit 8 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen im Fettsäurerest.

Preferred mixtures of foam stabilizers are, for example, those of

• (1) nonylphenol-ethylene oxide adducts with 10 to 12 ethylene oxide units, sodium salts of sulfuric acid esters of fatty alcohol-ethylene adducts with 10 to 12 carbon atoms in the alcohol part and 2 to 4 alkylene oxide units and coconut fatty acid diethanolamide,
• (2) reaction products of 7 to 15 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of stearyl alcohol, coconut fatty acid diethanolamide and cetyl alcohol or diethoxylated cetyl alcohol,
• (3) dodecylbenzenesulfonate, lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium, coconut fatty acid diethanolamide and the disodium salt of 1-benzyl-2-stearyl-benzimidazole disulfonic acid, or
• (4) Lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium and fatty acid diethanolamides with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue.

The foam components or foam stabilizers (a) are very good foaming agents, i.e. on the one hand, they can form the foam in sufficient quantity with a very small amount of use and on the other hand also stabilize the foam formed.

The siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymers used as foam moderators [component (b) are e.g. reaction products from halogen-substituted organopolysiloxanes and alkali metal salts of polyoxyalkylene, e.g. Polyethylene or polypropylene glycols.

dargestellt werden, worin q 3 bis 50, zweckmässigerweise 3 bis 25, r 2 oder 3, s 0 bis 15, t 1 bis 25, x 3 bis 15, vorzugsweise 3 bis 10, und R₁ Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, vorzugsweise Methyl, ist.Such compounds which have a polydimethylsiloxane skeleton can be represented by the formula

are represented, in which q 3 to 50, advantageously 3 to 25, r 2 or 3, s 0 to 15, t 1 to 25, x 3 to 15, preferably 3 to 10, and R ₁ alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably Is methyl.

Such connections are e.g. described in DE-AS 17 19328.

Representatives of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymers of the formula (5) can be described by the following formulas:

worin R₂ und R₃ je Alkyl mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen, vorzugsweise Methyl, a 1 bis 20, b 2 bis 20, c 2 bis 50, d 1 oder 2 und m 2 bis 5 bedeuten.Further polyether siloxanes which can be used as foam moderators according to component (b) correspond to the formula

wherein R ₂ and R _{3 are} each alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, a 1 to 20, b 2 to 20, c 2 to 50, d 1 or 2 and m 2 to 5.

Such siloxane compounds are described in DE-AS 17 95 557.

Preferred polyether siloxanes used as foam moderators in accordance with component (b) have a cloud point of about 20 to 70 ° C., preferably 25 to 50 ° C. The glycol content, consisting of oxyethylene groups or oxyethylene and oxypropylene groups, is advantageously from 35 to 80, preferably from 40 to 70 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the polyether siloxane.

Component (b) does not interfere with the production of the foam, but has the property of destroying the foam when exposed to moisture and heat, i.e. to disintegrate. This effect is based on the property of these components to have a cloud point, particularly at 40-50 ° C, in aqueous solution, i.e. these products show an anti-foam effect when warm.

Depending on the desired effect, the foams to be used according to the invention may also contain further additives, such as acids, alkalis, catalysts, urea, oxidizing agents, solvents or emulsifiers. The acids and the alkalis serve primarily to adjust the pH of the liquor used according to the invention, which is generally 4 to 10, depending on the substrate to be treated.

The addition of a thickener is not necessary since the foams are sufficiently stable even without a thickener, i.e. Foam half-lives can have up to 60 minutes. Their penetration properties are good; good wetting and easy penetration of the foam is guaranteed.

In the production of the foams, the procedure is expediently such that the foaming components (a) and (b) are first dissolved separately and then mixed with one another and thus aqueous solutions of 0.1 to 0.5 percent by weight of foaming components are obtained.

The foams are preferably produced mechanically using high-speed stirrers, mixers or special foam pumps, the latter also being able to produce the foams continuously. It has proven expedient to predissolve or predisperse the individual components before they are fed to the foaming apparatus.

According to the invention, degrees of foaming, i.e. Volume ratios of unfoamed to foamed preparation, from 1: 6 to 1:20, preferably 1: 8 to 1:12, have been found to be suitable.

The foams used according to the invention are notable for the fact that they are stable over a long period of time and do not disintegrate immediately when applied to the substrate (dewater). The foams used according to the invention preferably have half-lives of 5 to 30 minutes. The bubble diameters in the foams are about 1 to _. 100 u.

The foams are usually applied at room temperature, i.e. about 15 to 30 ° C.

For the dyeing or finishing of carpets and pile fabrics made of polyamide, wool, polyacrylonitrile or polyester, a treatment liquor is foamed and the foam from a foam container (with an adjustable squeegee for setting the desired foam layer thickness) is applied to the pile using an application roller with a squeegee . The substrates do not necessarily have to be pretreated, but can also be prewetted at room temperature (with aqueous liquors of common wetting agents, e.g. 1 g / 1 liquor of an alkylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct) or prewashed at temperatures up to 80 ° C (with conventional detergents) and pre-swelled be. If these pretreatments are carried out, it is appropriate to dewater the substrates before the foam application to a residual moisture content of 40 to 100 percent by weight, preferably 40 to 50 percent by weight, based on the weight of the substrate. By applying a vacuum to the back of the substrates (approx. 0.1-1 bar vacuum), the foam layer is partially sucked into the substrate (the carpet pile) without loss of liquor. The foam height can be reduced by about 10 to 70% of the original height. This distributes the foam evenly from the pile tips to almost the pile foot. Subsequently, a second foam layer can optionally be applied using a doctor blade. The total liquor application, based on the weight of the dry carpet, is advantageously between 70 and 250%, preferably 70 to 200 and in particular 120 to 170%. This process also makes it possible to dye polyamide carpet pile material that can be dyed differently and to obtain a good differential dyeing effect.

The vacuum to be selected essentially depends on the weight per square meter of the carpet, the construction of the backing material, the density of the carpet, the length of the pile material and also on the degree of foaming of the foam. In the range of> 0-1 1 bar vacuum, the foam blanket can be partially sucked into the carpet by drainage. It is important that the foam layer remaining on the pile side remains as thick as possible. Excessive vacuuming leads to loss of liquor and can lead to uneven dyeing or dyeing with a frosting effect (gray haze).

The carpet now runs into the damper with a foam blanket still on the pole side. When entering the damper, the foam blanket begins to foam slightly, this prevents the formation of gray fog; then the foam - with the help of the foam moderator = component (b) - is evenly destroyed by the action of saturated steam, i.e. it drains, the liquor penetrates further into the pile material, resulting in a level, frosting-free coloring. The foam must be completely destroyed after <20 seconds in order to achieve good surface levelness.

Before the foam is applied, the substrate can advantageously be pre-fouled with a padding liquor which preferably contains foaming agents, in particular components (a) and (b). The impregnation is preferably carried out with a liquor absorption of 40 to 100 percent by weight. The subsequent foam application is usually 50 to 180 percent by weight, preferably 50 to 150 percent by weight. After pre-fouling the substrate with an impregnating liquor, which may already contain a foaming agent, and then applying foam, one can successfully dispense with sucking the foam into the textile material and carry out the steam treatment directly.

The dyes and finishing agents are fixed by steam treatment of the substrate, e.g. at temperatures from 95 to 180 ° C, preferably by steaming at 98 to 102 ° C, e.g. with saturated steam or superheated steam.

After fixing, you can wash out as usual (wash off with water), rinse and dry, e.g. at temperatures from 100 to 130 ° C. Finishing agent only drying and fixing.

The method according to the invention offers very significant advantages over known methods.

Since foam dyeing uses little moisture compared to the conventional continuous process, in which the amount of dye liquor, based on the carpet material, is up to 500%, and only 1/3 of the order is carried out, higher production speeds are possible. In addition, there is a better development of the bulk, which leads to an increase in quality. Furthermore, the longitudinal streak is avoided with polyamide velor qualities.

As a result of the small amount of liquid, the wastewater will only have a slight impact on the operation, which is valuable from an ecological point of view. The saving in water and energy is also an advantageous consequence of the present invention, and there is no loss of ink in the damper.

(16) = Mischung aus

und Farbstoff der Formel (10)

(25) = Mischung aus

und

The dyes / optical brighteners used in the examples below correspond to the formulas:

(16) = mixture of

and dye of formula (10)

(25) = mixture of

and

Optical brighteners

In the examples below, parts and percentages are by weight.

example 1

500 m ^{2 of} a polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet (velor with polypropylene tape back) with a square meter weight of 535 g are continuously pre-wetted in a liquor which contains 1 g of the reaction product of 1 mol of nonylphenol and 9 mol of ethylene oxide per liter and then on a liquor intake aspirated from 40 weight percent.

• 0,6 g/1 des Farbstoffs der Formel (22),
• 0,35 g/l des Farbstoffs der Formel (26),
• 0,40 g/l des Farbstoffs der Formel (27),
• 2,5 g/l eines Schaumstabilisatorgemisches aus Kokosfettsäure- diäthanolamid/Nonylphenolpolyglykol(11)äther und Lauryltriglykoläthersulfat-Natrium,
• 0,6 g/1 des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 1 g/1 Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 6,0.

In a foaming device (mixer), a color foam is produced from the following aqueous liquor, the degree of foaming of which is 1:10:

• 0.6 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.35 g / l of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.40 g / l of the dye of the formula (27),
• 2.5 g / l of a foam stabilizer mixture of coconut fatty acid diethanolamide / nonylphenol polyglycol (11) ether and lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium,
• 0.6 g / 1 of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 1 g / 1 sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 6.0.

This foam is then applied from a foam container, which has an adjustable doctor blade for setting the desired foam thickness, via an application roller by means of a chute to the pole side of the carpet running through the dyeing system (running speed 9 m / minute). The layer height of the foam is 8 mm. The color foam application is 135%.

The carpet then goes through a vacuum passage in which the foam layer is partially sucked into the carpet from the back (negative pressure of ~ 0.1 bar), which slightly reduces the height of the foam layer. The carpet then runs over a transport roller into a damper (102 ° C., saturated steam), where a slight foaming takes place and then the foam is destroyed. The carpet is then sprayed with water at about 80 ° C., then suctioned off and dried at 100 to 130 ° C. on a sieve drum dryer.

The carpet material obtained is irrelevant, dyed in a beige color, shows an excellent through-coloring, the softness and bulk of the material is positively influenced by the foam coloring.

Further foam stabilizer mixtures which can also be used with good success are those composed of dodecylbenzenesulfonate, coconut fatty acid ethanolamide, lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium and the disodium salt of 1-benzyl-2-staearylbenzimidazole disulfonic acid (0.5 / 1/1/1); also a mixture of lauric acid diethanolamide and lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium (1/1), as well as the compounds dodecylbenzenesulfonate (sodium salt), coconut fatty acid diethanolamide, lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium, the adduct of 1 mole nonylphenol acid and 9 mole ammonium acid desulfonate of 9 moles of ethylene sulfate and 9 moles of ethylene sulfonic acid Nonylphenol and 2 moles of ethylene oxide.

The compounds of the formulas (7) to (15) or mixtures thereof can also be used as foam moderators.

Example 2

• 0,6 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,40 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 0,4 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 5 g/l einer Mischung aus dem Di-(ß-Hydroxyäthyl-)aminsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsprodukts von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Laurylalkohol und Kokosfettsäure-N,N-bis-(ß-hydroxyäthyl-)amid (1:1),

sowie eine Natriumhydroxydlösung (30° Be) zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von S.A polyamide (6) carpet with a square weight of 2000 g is impregnated on a foulard with the following liquor with a liquor absorption of 70%:

• 0.6 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.40 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.4 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (27),
• 5 g / l of a mixture of the di- (β-hydroxyethyl) amine salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of lauryl alcohol and coconut fatty acid N, N-bis (β-hydroxyethyl) amide (1: 1 ),

as well as a sodium hydroxide solution (30 ° Be) to adjust the liquor to a pH of S.

The following liquor is then foamed and applied in the same manner as described in Example 1:

This foam is applied to the pile side of the carpet which has already been impregnated, the foam application being 70%, based on the weight of the dry carpet. The carpet is then treated in a horizontal steamer at 98 ° C. with saturated steam for 4 minutes, then rinsed and dried. A beige coloration with excellent light and wet fastness properties is obtained.

Example 3

A polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet with a weight of 610 g per square meter is continuously pre-wetted in a liquor which contains 1 g of the adduct of 9 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of nonylphenol per liter and is suctioned off to a liquor absorption of 50% by weight.

• 0,7 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,52 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 0,15 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 2 g/1 des Ammoniumsalzes des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Nonylphenol,
• 4 g/1 des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 2 g/1 eines quaternisierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₂₀-C₂₂-Fettamin,
• 1 g/l Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 5,5.

In a foaming device, a colored foam is produced from the following aqueous liquor, the degree of foaming of which is 1: 9:

• 0.7 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.52 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.15 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (27),
• 2 g / 1 of the ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of nonylphenol,
• 4 g / 1 of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 2 g / 1 of a quaternized adduct of 30 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of C ₂₀ -C ₂₂ fatty amine,
• 1 g / l sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 5.5.

This foam is then applied to the pile side of the carpet in the same manner as described in Example 1, the foam application being 160%, based on the weight of the dry carpet. The carpet is then treated in a horizontal steamer at 98 ° C. with saturated steam for 4 1/2 minutes, then rinsed and dried.

A streak-free, level, green color is obtained with excellent light and wet fastness properties.

Example 4

• 0,325 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,1 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 0,13 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 4 g/1 des Ammoniumsalzes des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Nonylphenol,
• 4 g/l eines quaternierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₂₀-C₂₂-Fettamin,
• 1 g/l Natriumazeta, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 7,0.

A polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet with a square weight of 2300 g is impregnated on a foulard with the following liquor with a liquor absorption of 100%:

• 0.325 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.1 g / l of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.13 g / l of the dye of the formula (27),
• 4 g / 1 of the ammonium salt of the acid sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of nonylphenol,
• 4 g / l of a quaternized adduct of 30 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of C ₂₀ -C ₂₂ fatty amine,
• 1 g / l sodium azeta and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 7.0.

• 0,325 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,1 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 0,13 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 2 g/1 des Ammoniumsalzes des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Nonylphenol,
• 4 g/1 des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisat der Formel (6),
• 3 g/l eines quaternierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₂₀-C₂₂-Fettamin,
• 1 g/1 Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 7.

The following liquor is then foamed and applied in the same manner as described in Example 1:

• 0.325 g / l of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.1 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.13 g / l of the dye of the formula (27),
• 2 g / 1 of the ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of nonylphenol,
• 4 g / 1 of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 3 g / l of a quaternized adduct of 30 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of C ₂₀ -C ₂₂ fatty amine,
• 1 g / 1 sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 7.

The degree of foaming is 1: 8.

This foam is applied to the pile side of the carpet which has already been impregnated, the foam application being 100%, based on the weight of the dry carpet. The carpet is then treated in a steamer at 98-100 ° C. with saturated steam for 6 minutes, the foam on the surface of the carpet disintegrating after only 12 seconds. After rinsing and drying you get a level, streak-free, golden yellow color with excellent light and wet fastness properties.

Example 5

• 0,7 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,52 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 0,15 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 3 g/1 eines Gemisches aus dem Di(äthanol)aminsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Laurylalkohol und dem Kokosfettsäurediäthanolamid (l: 1),
• 3 g/1 eines quaternierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol C20-C22-Fettamin,
• 2 g/1 des Siloxanalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 1 g/1 Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 6,0.

A polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet with a square meter weight of 1750 g is impregnated on a foulard with the following liquor with a liquor absorption of 100%:

• 0.7 g / l of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.52 g / l of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.15 g / l of the dye of the formula (27),
• 3 g / 1 of a mixture of the di (ethanol) amine salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of lauryl alcohol and the coconut fatty acid diethanolamide (1: 1),
• 3 g / 1 of a quaternized adduct of 30 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of C20-C22 fatty amine,
• 2 g / 1 of the siloxanealkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 1 g / 1 sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 6.0.

• 0,7 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,52 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 0,15 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 3 g/1 eines Gemisches aus dem Diäthanolaminsalz des sauren Schwefelsäureesters des Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol Laurylalkohol und dem Kokosfettsäurediäthanolamid (1: 1),
• 2 g/1 des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 3 g/1 eines quaternierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₂₀-C₂₂-Fettamin,
• 1 g/l Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 6.

The following liquor is then foamed and applied in the same manner as described in Example 1:

• 0.7 g / l of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.52 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.15 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (27),
• 3 g / 1 of a mixture of the diethanolamine salt of the acid sulfuric acid ester of the adduct of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of lauryl alcohol and the coconut fatty acid diethanolamide (1: 1),
• 2 g / 1 of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 3 g / 1 of a quaternized adduct of 30 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of C ₂₀ -C ₂₂ fatty amine,
• 1 g / l sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 6.

The degree of foaming is 1: 8.

This foam is applied to the pile side of the carpet which has already been impregnated, the foam application being 100%, based on the weight of the dry carpet. The carpet is then treated in a steamer at 100 ° C. with saturated steam for 5 1/2 minutes, then rinsed and dried. You get a level, streak-free, green color with excellent light and wet fastness properties.

Example 6

• 2,5 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 2,2 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 2,2 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 2 g/l Natriumlaurylsulfat,
• ₄ g/1 des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 3 g/1 eines quaternierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₂₀-C₂₂-Fettamin,
• 1 g/1 Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 6,0.

A polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet with a weight of 1885 g is impregnated on a foulard with the following liquor with a liquor absorption of 40%:

• 2.5 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 2.2 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (26),
• 2.2 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (27),
• 2 g / l sodium lauryl sulfate,
• ₄ g / 1 of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 3 g / 1 of a quaternized adduct of 30 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of C ₂₀ -C ₂₂ fatty amine,
• 1 g / 1 sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 6.0.

• 2,5 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 2,2 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 2,2 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 2 g/1 Natriumlaurylsulfat,
• 4 g/1 des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 3 g/1 eines quaternierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₂₀-C₂₂-Fettamin,
• 1 g/1 Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 6.

The following liquor is then foamed and applied in the same manner as described in Example 1:

• 2.5 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 2.2 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (26),
• 2.2 g / l of the dye of the formula (27),
• 2 g / 1 sodium lauryl sulfate,
• 4 g / 1 of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 3 g / 1 of a quaternized adduct of 30 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of C ₂₀ -C ₂₂ fatty amine,
• 1 g / 1 sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 6.

The degree of foaming is 1: 9.

This foam is applied to the pile side of the carpet as previously impregnated, wherein the foam application 8 _0%, based on the weight of the dry carpet weight,. The carpet is then treated in a steamer at 98-100 ° C. with saturated steam for 6 minutes, then rinsed and dried. A level, brown color is obtained with excellent light and wet fastness properties.

Example 7

• 1,35 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,9 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 1,35 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 4 g/1 des Anlagerungsproduktes von 9 Mol Aethylenoxyd und 7 Mol Propylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₁₆-C₁₈-Fettalkohol,
• 4 g/1 des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 1 g/1 Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 5,5.

A polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet with a square meter weight of 580 g is impregnated on a foulard with the following liquor with a liquor absorption of 100%:

• 1.35 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.9 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (26),
• 1.35 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (27),
• 4 g / 1 of the adduct of 9 mol of ethylene oxide and 7 mol of propylene oxide and 1 mol of C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohol,
• 4 g / 1 of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 1 g / 1 sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 5.5.

• 1,35 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,9 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 1,35 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 4 g/1 des Anlagerungsproduktes von 9 Mol Aethylenoxyd und 7 Mol Propylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₁₆-C₁₈-Fettalkohol,
• 4 g/1 des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 1 g/1 Natriumazetat, sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 5,5.

The following liquor is then foamed and applied in the same manner as described in Example 1:

• 1.35 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.9 g / l of the dye of the formula (26),
• 1.35 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (27),
• 4 g / 1 of the adduct of 9 mol of ethylene oxide and 7 mol of propylene oxide and 1 mol of C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohol,
• 4 g / 1 of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 1 g / 1 sodium acetate and acetic acid to adjust the liquor to a pH of 5.5.

The degree of foaming is 1: 8.

This foam is applied to the pile side of the carpet which has already been impregnated, the foam application being 140%, based on the weight of the dry carpet. The carpet is then treated in a dampener at 100 ° C. with saturated steam for 5 1/2 minutes, then rinsed and dried. A level, brown color is obtained with excellent light and wet fastness properties.

Example 8

A polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet with a weight of 720 g per square meter is continuously pre-wetted in a liquor which contains 1 g of the adduct of 9 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of nonylphenol per liter and is suctioned off to a liquor absorption of 50% by weight.

• 0,17 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,09 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (26), .
• 0,14 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 2 g/l Dodecylbenzolsulfonat,
• 4 g/l des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 3 g/l eines quaternisierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1. Mol C₂₀-C₂₂-Fettamin,
• 1 g/l Natriumazetat, sowie Trinatriumphosphat zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 8,5.

In a foaming device, a colored foam is produced from the following aqueous liquor, the degree of foaming of which is 1: 9:

• 0.17 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.09 g / l of the dye of the formula (26),.
• 0.14 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (27),
• 2 g / l dodecylbenzenesulfonate,
• 4 g / l of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 3 g / l of a quaternized adduct of 30 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of C ₂₀ -C ₂₂ fatty amine,
• 1 g / l sodium acetate and trisodium phosphate to adjust the liquor to a pH of 8.5.

This foam is then applied to the pile side of the carpet in the same manner as described in Example 1, the foam application being 160%, based on the weight of the dry carpet. The carpet is then treated in a horizontal steamer at 100 ° C. with saturated steam for 4 minutes, then rinsed and dried.

A streak-free, level, golden yellow color is obtained with excellent light and wet fastness properties.

Example 9

A polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet with a weight of 600 g per square meter is continuously pre-wetted in a liquor which contains 1 g of the adduct of 9 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of nonylphenol per liter and is suctioned off to a liquor absorption of 50% by weight.

• 0,25 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,2 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 0,2 g/l des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 4 g/1 des Anlagerungsproduktes von 12 Mol Aethylenoxyd und 12 Mol Propylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₄-C₁₈-Fettalkohol, .
• 4 g/l des Siloxanoxyalkylen-Copolymerisats der Formel (6),
• 1 g/1 Natriumazetat, sowie Trinatriumphosphat zur Einstellung der Flotte auf einen pH-Wert von 7,5.

In a foaming device, a colored foam is produced from the following aqueous liquor, the degree of foaming of which is 1: 8:

• 0.25 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.2 g / l of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.2 g / l of the dye of the formula (27),
• 4 g / 1 of the adduct of 12 moles of ethylene oxide and 12 moles of propylene oxide with 1 mole of C ₄ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohol,.
• 4 g / l of the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer of the formula (6),
• 1 g / 1 sodium acetate, as well as trisodium phosphate to adjust the liquor to a pH of 7.5.

This foam is then applied to the pile side of the carpet in the same manner as described in Example 1, the foam application being 180%, based on the weight of the dry carpet. The carpet is then treated in a horizontal steamer at 100 ° C. with saturated steam for 4 minutes, then rinsed and dried.

A streak-free, level, beige color is obtained with excellent light and wet fastness properties.

Example 10

A polyamide (6.6) cut pile carpet with a weight of 720 g per square meter is continuously pre-wetted in a liquor which contains 1 g of the adduct of 9 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of nonylphenol per liter and is suctioned off to a liquor absorption of 50% by weight.

• 0,95 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (22),
• 0,72 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (26),
• 0,2 g/1 des Farbstoffes der Formel (27),
• 4 g/1 des Anlagerungsproduktes von 9,5 Mol Aethylenoxyd und 9,5 Mol Propylenoxyd an 1 Mol Nonylphenol,
• 2 g/1 eines quaternisierten Anlagerungsproduktes von 30 Mol Aethylenoxyd an 1 Mol C₂₀-C₂₂-Fettamin,
  

In a foaming device, a colored foam is produced from the following aqueous liquor, the degree of foaming of which is 1: 8:

• 0.95 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (22),
• 0.72 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (26),
• 0.2 g / 1 of the dye of the formula (27),
• 4 g / 1 of the adduct of 9.5 mol of ethylene oxide and 9.5 mol of propylene oxide and 1 mol of nonylphenol,
• 2 g / 1 of a quaternized adduct of 30 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of C ₂₀ -C ₂₂ fatty amine,
  

This foam is then applied to the pile side of the carpet in the same manner as described in Example 1, the foam application being 150Z, based on the weight of the dry carpet. The carpet is then treated in a horizontal steamer at 100 ° C. with saturated steam for 4 1/2 minutes, then rinsed and dried.

A streak-free, level, green color is obtained with excellent light and wet fastness properties.

In Examples 2 to 10, the polyether siloxanes of the formulas (7) to (15) can also be used as foam moderators.

Claims (27)

1. A process for finishing, in particular for dyeing, optically brightening and / or finishing textile fiber materials with an aqueous preparation in foam form which, in addition to dye or optical brightener and / or finishing agent, contains a foam stabilizer, a foam moderator and, if appropriate, other auxiliaries that you can from an aqueous preparation that (a) 1 to 4 g / l of an anionic or nonionic surfactant or a mixture of these surfactants as foam stabilizer and (b) as a foam Moderator 0.1 to 1 g / l of a Silox _{'anoxyalkylen} copolymer
contains, creates a foam, the degree of foaming is 1: (6 to 20), applies this foam to the textile fiber materials continuously in the form of at least one layer, the foam layer is sucked into the fiber materials if necessary and then subjected to steam treatment. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the anionic surfactant (1) acidic ester or its salt of a polyadduct of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of fatty alcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with 1 mole of alkylphenol with 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, (2) alkylphenyl sulfonate having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, or (3) sulfonated 1-benzyl-2-alkylbenzimidazole with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical,
is, the components (1), (2) and (3) are used individually or as a mixture. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the nonionic surfactant (4) adduct of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of fatty alcohol or fatty acid each with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with 1 mole of alkylphenol with a total of 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, (5) optionally mono-, di- or triethoxylated fatty alcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the fatty alcohol residue, or (6) Fatty acid dialkanolamide with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue
is, the components (4), (5) and (6) are used individually or as a mixture. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the foam stabilizer (a) (1) an acidic ester or its salt of a polyadduct of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of fatty alcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with 1 mole of alkylphenol with 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, (2) an alkylphenyl sulfonate having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue, (4) an adduct of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of fatty alcohol or fatty acid each with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with 1 mole of alkylphenol with a total of 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, (5) an optionally mono-, di- or triethoxylated fatty alcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the fatty alcohol residue, and (6) a fatty acid dialkanolamide with 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue,
and if necessary (3) a sulfonated 1-benzyl-2-alkylbenzimidazole with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical,
used. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a nonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct with 2 to 12 ethylene oxide units is used as foam stabilizer (a). 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the foam stabilizer (a) used is a sulfuric or phosphoric acid ester of an alkylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct with 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 2 to 12 ethylene oxide units or its alkali metal, ammonium or amine salt. 7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a sulfuric acid ester of a fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide adduct having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alcohol part and 2 to 4 ethylene oxide units or its alkali metal salt is used as foam stabilizer (a). 8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that an alkylphenyl sulfonate having 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part is used as foam stabilizer (a). 9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a fatty acid diethanolamide having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue is used as foam stabilizer (a). 10. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the sulfonated 1-benzyl-2-alkylbenzimidazole has 16 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical. 11. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a mixture of the reaction product of 7 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of stearyl alcohol, coconut fatty acid diethanolamide and cetyl alcohol or diethoxylated cetyl alcohol is used as foam stabilizer (a). 12. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the foam stabilizer (a) is a mixture of a Ncnylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct with 10 to 12 ethylene oxide units, the sodium salt of a sulfuric acid ester of fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide adducts with 10 to 12 carbon atoms in the alcohol part and 2 to 4 ethylene oxide units and coconut fatty acid diethanolamide. 13. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the foam stabilizer (a) is the reaction product from 1 mole of nonylphenol and 2 moles of ethylene oxide, the ammonium salt of the acidic sulfuric acid ester of the reaction product from 1 mole of nonylphenol and 2 moles of ethylene oxide, lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium, dodecylphenyl sulfonate -Sodium or a fatty acid diethanolamide with 8 to 18 carbon atoms used in the fatty acid residue. 14. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a mixture of dodecylbenzenesulfonate, lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium, coconut fatty acid diethanolamide and the disodium salt of 1-benzyl-2-stearyl-benzimidazole disulfonic acid is used as foam stabilizer (a). 15. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a mixture of lauryl triglycol ether sulfate sodium and a fatty acid diethanolamide with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue is used as foam stabilizer (a). 16. The method according to claim 4 for dyeing and / or finishing textile pile materials with an aqueous preparation in foam form which contains a dye or an optical brightener and / or a finishing agent, a foam stabilizer, a foam moderator and optionally other auxiliaries, characterized in that one from an aqueous preparation, the (a) 1 to 4 g / 1 of a foam stabilizer (la) ester of polybasic acids of alkylphenol Aethyleno _h ydaddukten having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety and 2 to 12 ethylene oxide units or salts thereof, (lb) esters of polybasic acids of fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide adducts with 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units or their salts, (2) alkylphenyl sulfonate with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, (4a) alkylphenol-ethylene oxide adducts with 8 or 9 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 2 to 12 ethylene oxide units, or (6) fatty acid dialkanolamide having 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue, and optionally (3) a sulfonated 1-benzyl-2-alkylbenzimidazole having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, the components being used individually or as a mixture, and (b) contains 0.1 to 1 g / l of a siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymer as foam moderator,
produces a foam, the degree of foaming is 1: (6-20), applies this foam to the textile pile materials continuously in the form of at least one layer, partially absorbs the foam layer into the pile materials and then dampens them. 17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the nonionic surfactant is an alkylene oxide reaction product of the formula

is where R 'is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl with at most 18 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 16 carbon atoms, o-phenylphenyl or alkylphenyl with 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, of Z ₁ and Z _{2 of} a hydrogen and the other methyl, y 1 to 15 mean and the sum of n ₁ + n _{2 is} 3 to 15. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the nonionic surfactant is an adduct of 3 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide and 3 to 10 moles of propylene oxide with an aliphatic monoalcohol of 8 to 16 carbon atoms. 19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a polyether siloxane with a cloud point at 20 to 70 ° C, preferably 25 to 50 ° C is used as foam moderator (b). 20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a reaction product of a halogen-substituted organopolysiloxane and an alkali metal salt of a polyoxyalkylene is used as foam moderator (b). 21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that a foamed dye preparation is applied continuously via an application roller in the form of a layer on the textile fiber material, the foam by applying a negative pressure of> 0 to 1 bar as far as in the fiber material sucks that a foam blanket with reduced height remains, dampens the fiber material with saturated steam, then hoses down with water and finally dries. 22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that a first foam layer is applied to the pile side of a carpet, sucked into the carpet by means of vacuum, then a second foam layer is applied, steamed with saturated steam and then optionally sprayed with water and dried . 23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the carpet is colored with the foam, steamed, sprayed with water and finally dried. 24. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that a foamed finishing agent preparation is applied continuously via an application roller in the form of a layer to the textile fiber material, the foam is sucked into the fiber material by applying a negative pressure of> 0 to 1 bar that a foam blanket of reduced height remains, which then dampens the fiber material. 25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the foamed finishing agent preparation is applied to the textile material in succession from each side. 26. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the carpet is impregnated with an aqueous dyeing liquor, then the foamed preparation is applied and the dyeing is completed by steaming. 27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the dyeing liquor also contains components (a) and (b).