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EP0022155B1 - Method and device for the manufacture of bevel wheels - Google Patents

Method and device for the manufacture of bevel wheels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022155B1
EP0022155B1 EP80102324A EP80102324A EP0022155B1 EP 0022155 B1 EP0022155 B1 EP 0022155B1 EP 80102324 A EP80102324 A EP 80102324A EP 80102324 A EP80102324 A EP 80102324A EP 0022155 B1 EP0022155 B1 EP 0022155B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
plunger
diameter
bevel
run
Prior art date
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Expired
Application number
EP80102324A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0022155A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Leykamm
Siegfried Knabel
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KM Kabelmetal AG
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KM Kabelmetal AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0022155A1 publication Critical patent/EP0022155A1/en
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Publication of EP0022155B1 publication Critical patent/EP0022155B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing bevel gears, in which a cylindrical metallic blank, in particular made of steel, is deformed into a bevel gear in a press tool consisting of a die containing the conical tooth form, a press die and a control sleeve coaxially surrounding the press die.
  • a method according to the preamble is known from DE-C-2446413.
  • the diameter of the press ram is selected so that it is approximately the same Penetration circle of partial cone and small truncated cone surface with a maximum deviation of 20%.
  • the control sleeve has a truncated cone-shaped projection which projects into the interior of the die and corresponds to the envelope of the conical tooth heads of the die.
  • the punch diameter also determines the diameter of the cylindrical blank to be used. This is based on the teaching of DE-C-2 446 413 on the tooth flanks of the die, which leads to increased wear of the die.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for the non-cutting production of bevel gears, which does not result in such increased tool wear and makes it possible to produce a largely finished bevel gear in one work step without taking into account a preform of the raw part with respect to the diameter to be specially produced .
  • the method should also be applicable in the manufacture of bevel gears with a shaft.
  • a raw part is assumed whose diameter corresponds at most to the diameter of the smallest tooth root circle, that the raw part volume first flows in the radial direction into the toothing on the die side and in the axial direction on the die side in an annular gap formed by the press ram and the control sleeve and then the volume portion that has flowed into the annular gap is at least partially pressed back in the direction of the die and at the same time the ram penetrates into the bevel gear from the large bevel gear diameter.
  • the flow of the material into the annular gap and the pressing back of the material are coordinated with one another in such a way that a hollow shaft remains on the large bevel gear surface.
  • the invention further relates to a device for performing the method, which consists of a die containing the conical tooth form, a press ram and a control sleeve which coaxially surrounds the press ram and which can be pressed back by the material of the blank filling the die and which has an approach penetrating into the die space.
  • This known device is improved in that an axially movable guide sleeve is arranged between the press ram and the control sleeve.
  • the guide sleeve is freely movable over a limited path relative to the press ram, so that it can be easily moved by the material flowing into the annular gap. This path is adjustable and ends at a stop. In this way, stems of different lengths can be produced.
  • the teeth of the die in the area of the large bevel gear diameter show a cylindrical spline-like outlet
  • the neck of the control sleeve has a cylindrical part and then a conical part, the diameter of the cylindrical part being slightly smaller than the diameter of the spline-like outlet and the cone angle of the tapered part corresponds approximately to the angle of the tooth flanks of the die forming the tooth root cone of the bevel gear.
  • the attachment of the control sleeve has teeth that penetrate into the spline-like outlet.
  • the length of the spline-like outlet should at least correspond to the length L measured on the gear (Fig. 1).
  • the control sleeve is supported by springs during the entire pressing process relative to the press ram and is rigidly connected to the latter at the end of the pressing process. The approach of the control sleeve protrudes into the cavity of the die almost throughout the entire pressing process, and until the main amount of the material mass making up the gear body is predistributed.
  • control sleeve Towards the end of the forming process, the control sleeve is pushed back by the flowing back material under pre-tension of the springs, up to a stop, in order to then rigidly shape the gearwheel with the press ram.
  • the bore in the bevel gear is preformed by the press ram, which, as described above, can then be completed by punching out.
  • FIG. 1 shows the state before the start of the pressing
  • the right half of the figure shows the state towards the end of the pressing process.
  • the pressing tool essentially consists of parts 1 and 2, which are referred to below as the upper tool and lower tool, but part 1 can also be used as a lower tool and part 2 as an upper tool.
  • Part 1 - the die - carries the toothing 3 for a bevel gear and has a bore 4 in which an ejector (not shown) is arranged.
  • the tooth shape 3 of the die 1 has a cylindrical spline-like outlet 5.
  • the tool part 2 consists of a press ram 6, which is fixedly attached to the tool part 2 and the control sleeve 7, which is slidably mounted on the tool part 2 via springs 8 to the press ram 6. Between the ram 6 and the control sleeve 7 there is a guide sleeve 9 which is displaceable relative to the ram 6 over a limited path.
  • the control sleeve 7 carries an extension 10, which consists of a cylindrical part 11 and a conical part 12.
  • the tool parts 1 and 2 After inserting the raw part 13, the tool parts 1 and 2 are moved against one another, the attachment 10 on the control sleeve 7 penetrating into the mold cavity of the die 1 (see left half of the figure).
  • the material of the blank 13 is pressed radially outwards into the toothing 3 and at the same time into the annular gap between the press ram 6 and the control sleeve 7.
  • the stop surfaces 14 move towards one another. After the two stop surfaces 14 have touched (see right half of the figure), the now rigid workpiece is moved against each other until the workpiece has reached its intended shape.
  • the shoulder 10 presses on the preformed bevel gear and presses the material into areas of the tooth form 3 that may not yet be filled. At the same time, the material volume in the annular gap is pressed back into the die space by the guide sleeve 9. Likewise, the plunger 6 penetrates from the large bevel gear surface into the preformed bevel gear and creates a bore. Any excess material emerges between the teeth of the spline-shaped projection 5. Since the finished bevel gear has to be machined on the dashed line 15 anyway, the discharge of excess material at this point does not require a special operation.
  • the projection 10 has a toothing 17 penetrating into the toothing 3, the outer diameter of which is slightly smaller than the maximum inner diameter of the toothing 3.
  • the shoulder can be conical or cylindrical. be flat, it can also be designed according to the back taper of the gear (see FIG. 3).
  • the finished bevel gear is then pushed out of the die 1 by means of the ejector (not shown), and in a subsequent operation the bore of the bevel gear is completed by punching out the remaining slug.
  • the free path length of the guide sleeve 9 is adjustable and determines the height of the shaft 16.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Kegelzahnrädern, bei dem ein zylindrisches metallisches Rohteil insbesondere aus Stahl in einem aus einer die Kegelzahnform enthaltenden Matrize, einem Preßstempel und einer den Preßstempel koaxial umgebenden Steuerhülse bestehenden Preßwerkzeug zu einem Kegelzahnrad verformt wird.The invention relates to a method for producing bevel gears, in which a cylindrical metallic blank, in particular made of steel, is deformed into a bevel gear in a press tool consisting of a die containing the conical tooth form, a press die and a control sleeve coaxially surrounding the press die.

Ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff ist aus der DE-C-2446413 bekannt. Um zu erreichen, daß zylindrische Rohteile ohne weitere vorbereitende Maßnahmen zu einem vollständigen Kegelrad gepreßt werden können, wobei ein Ausfüllen des kleinen Verzahnungsbereiches der Matrize mit Preßwerkstoff bei vertretbaren Preßdrücken mit Sicherheit gewährleistet wird, ist der Durchmesser des Preßstempels so gewählt, daß er in etwa dem Durchdringungskreis von Teilkegel und kleiner Kegelstumpffläche mit einer maximalen Abweichung von 20% entspricht. Des weiteren besitzt die Steuerhülse einen in den Innenraum der Matrize hineinragenden kegelstumpfförmigen Ansatz, der der Einhüllenden der Kegelzahnköpfe der Matrize entspricht. Der Preßstempeldurchmesser bestimmt auch den Durchmesser des einzusetzenden zylindrischen Rohteiles. Dieses setzt entsprechend der Lehre der DE-C-2 446 413 auf den Zahnflanken der Matrize auf, was zu einem erhöhten Verschleiß der Matrize führt.A method according to the preamble is known from DE-C-2446413. In order to ensure that cylindrical raw parts can be pressed to a complete bevel gear without further preparatory measures, filling the small toothed area of the die with press material with reasonable pressures being guaranteed with certainty, the diameter of the press ram is selected so that it is approximately the same Penetration circle of partial cone and small truncated cone surface with a maximum deviation of 20%. Furthermore, the control sleeve has a truncated cone-shaped projection which projects into the interior of the die and corresponds to the envelope of the conical tooth heads of the die. The punch diameter also determines the diameter of the cylindrical blank to be used. This is based on the teaching of DE-C-2 446 413 on the tooth flanks of the die, which leads to increased wear of the die.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum spanlosen Herstellen von Kegelzahnrädern anzugeben, welches einen solchen erhöhten Werkzeugverschleiß nicht nach sich zieht und es möglich macht, in einem Arbeitsschritt ein weitgehend fertiggeformtes Kegelzahnrad herzustellen ohne Berücksichtigung einer besonders herzustellenden Vorform des Rohteils bezüglich des Durchmessers. Insbesondere soll es möglich sein, Kegelzahnräder mit Bohrung wesentlich wirtschaftlicher herzustellen. Darüber hinaus soll das Verfahren auch anwendbar sein bei der Herstellung von Kegelzahnrädern mit Schaft.The present invention has for its object to provide a method for the non-cutting production of bevel gears, which does not result in such increased tool wear and makes it possible to produce a largely finished bevel gear in one work step without taking into account a preform of the raw part with respect to the diameter to be specially produced . In particular, it should be possible to manufacture bevel gears with a bore much more economically. In addition, the method should also be applicable in the manufacture of bevel gears with a shaft.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß von einem Rohteil ausgegangen wird, dessen Durchmesser maximal dem Durchmesser des kleinsten Verzahnungsfußkreises entspricht, daß das Rohteilvolumen zunächst matrizenseitig in radialer Richtung in die Verzahnung und stempelseitig in axialer Richtung in einen durch den Preßstempel und die Steuerhülse gebildeten Ringspalt fließt und anschließend der in den Ringspalt geflossene Volumenanteil zumindest teilweise in Matrizenrichtung zurückgepreßt wird und dabei gleichzeitig der Preßstempel vom großen Kegelraddurchmesser her in das Kegelrad eindringt. Nach einem weiteren Gedanken der Erfindung ist das Fließen des Werkstoffes in den Ringspalt und das Zurückpressen des Werkstoffes so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß ein Hohlschaft an der großen Kegelradfläche verbleibt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, Schäfte von verschiedener Länge zu erzeugen. Des weiteren ist es vorteilhaft, daß von einem napfförmigen Rohteil mit extrem dickem Boden ausgegangen wird. Diese Maßnahme begünstigt die Herstellung von sehr langen Schäften. Das die Kegelzahnform ausfüllende Rohteilvolumen entstammt dabei im wesentlichen dem extrem dicken Boden. Im Anschluß an die Formung des Kegelrades kann in einfacher Weise die vorgeformte Bohrung in einem nachfolgenden Arbeitsgang durch Ausstanzen des verbliebenen Butzens fertiggestellt werden.This object is achieved in that a raw part is assumed whose diameter corresponds at most to the diameter of the smallest tooth root circle, that the raw part volume first flows in the radial direction into the toothing on the die side and in the axial direction on the die side in an annular gap formed by the press ram and the control sleeve and then the volume portion that has flowed into the annular gap is at least partially pressed back in the direction of the die and at the same time the ram penetrates into the bevel gear from the large bevel gear diameter. According to a further idea of the invention, the flow of the material into the annular gap and the pressing back of the material are coordinated with one another in such a way that a hollow shaft remains on the large bevel gear surface. In this way it is possible to produce shafts of different lengths. Furthermore, it is advantageous that a cup-shaped blank with an extremely thick base is assumed. This measure favors the production of very long stems. The raw part volume filling the conical tooth shape essentially originates from the extremely thick bottom. Following the shaping of the bevel gear, the preformed bore can be easily finished in a subsequent operation by punching out the remaining slug.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, welche aus einer die Kegelzahnform enthaltenden Matrize, einem Preßstempel und einer den Preßstempel koaxial umgebenden durch den die Matrize ausfüllenden Werkstoff des Rohteils zurückdrückbaren Steuerhülse besteht, die einen in den Matrizenraum eindringenden Ansatz besitzt. Diese bekannte Vorrichtung wird dahingehend verbessert, daß zwischen dem Preßstempel und der Steuerhülse eine gegenüber dem Preßstempel axial bewegliche Führungshülse angeordnet ist. Die Führungshülse ist über einen begrenzten Weg gegenüber dem Preßstempel frei beweglich, so daß sie durch den in den Ringspalt fließenden Werkstoff leicht verschoben werden kann. Dieser Weg ist einstellbar und endet an einem Anschlag. Auf diese Weise können Schäfte von verschiedener Länge erzeugt werden. Nach Erreichen des Anschlages wird zumindest ein Teil des in den Ringspalt geflossenen Werkstoffes in Richtung auf die Matrize zurückgepreßt und gleichzeitig verhindert, daß weiterer Werkstoff aufgrund des Eindringens des Preßstempels in die Kegelradfläche in den Ringraum zurückfließt. Weiterhin ist vorgesehen, daß die Verzahnung der Matrize im Bereich des großen Kegelzahnraddurchmessers einen zylindrischen keilwellenähnlichen Auslauf zeigt, und der Ansatz der Steuerhülse einen zylindrischen Teil und daran anschließend einen konisch verlaufenden Teil aufweist, wobei der Durchmesser des zylindrischen Teils geringfügig kleiner ist als der Durchmesser des keilwellenähnlichen Auslaufes und der Konuswinkel des konisch verlaufenden Teils in etwa dem Winkel der die Zahnfußkegel des Kegelrades bildenden Verzahnungsflanken der Matrize entspricht.The invention further relates to a device for performing the method, which consists of a die containing the conical tooth form, a press ram and a control sleeve which coaxially surrounds the press ram and which can be pressed back by the material of the blank filling the die and which has an approach penetrating into the die space. This known device is improved in that an axially movable guide sleeve is arranged between the press ram and the control sleeve. The guide sleeve is freely movable over a limited path relative to the press ram, so that it can be easily moved by the material flowing into the annular gap. This path is adjustable and ends at a stop. In this way, stems of different lengths can be produced. After reaching the stop, at least some of the material that has flowed into the annular gap is pressed back toward the die, and at the same time prevented that further material flows back into the ring space due to the penetration of the press ram into the bevel gear surface. It is further provided that the teeth of the die in the area of the large bevel gear diameter show a cylindrical spline-like outlet, and the neck of the control sleeve has a cylindrical part and then a conical part, the diameter of the cylindrical part being slightly smaller than the diameter of the spline-like outlet and the cone angle of the tapered part corresponds approximately to the angle of the tooth flanks of the die forming the tooth root cone of the bevel gear.

Durch diese Maßnahme kann der Ansatz der Steuerhülse tief in das Innere der Matrizenform eindringen und somit für einen Stofffluß sorgen, der eine vollständige Ausfüllung der Matrize gewährleistet. Somit wird in einem Umformarbeitsschritt ein weitgehend fertiggeformtes Rad erzeugt, welches auf der Radseite mit dem großen Durchmesser eine nur geringe Stoffübermenge ausgelagert hat.This measure allows the shoulder of the control sleeve to penetrate deeply into the interior of the die form and thus to ensure a flow of material which ensures that the die is completely filled. Thus, a largely fully formed wheel is produced in one forming step, which has only a small amount of material outsourced on the wheel side with the large diameter.

So können nunmehr Rohteile von geringerem Gewicht eingesetzt werden. Die gleichen Vorteile können mit einer Vorrichtung erzielt werden, bei der in Abänderung der Ansatz der Steuerhülse eine in den keilwellenähnlichen Auslauf eindringende Verzahnung aufweist. Die Länge des keilwellenähnlichen Auslaufs sollte mindestens der Länge L am Zahnrad gemessen (Fig. 1) entsprechen. Nach einem weiteren Gedanken der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Steuerhülse nahezu während des gesamten Preßvorganges gegenüber dem Preßstempel über Federn gelagert ist und gegen Ende des Preßvorganges starr mit diesem verbunden ist. Die Steuerhülse ragt mit ihrem Ansatz nahezu während des gesamten Preßvorgangs in den Hohlraum der Matrize hinein, und zwar so lange, bis die Hauptmenge der den Zahnradkörper ausmachenden Werkstoffmasse vorverteilt ist. Gegen Ende des Umformvorganges wird die Steuerhülse durch den zurückfließenden Werkstoff unter Vorspannung der Federn zurückgedrückt, und zwar bis zu einem Anschlag, um dann starr mit dem Preßstempel verbunden das Zahnrad konturgetreu zu formen. Dabei wird gleichzeitig durch den Preßstempel die Bohrung in dem Kegelrad vorgeformt, die dann, wie oben beschrieben, durch Ausstanzen fertiggestellt werden kann.This means that raw parts of lower weight can now be used. The same advantages can be achieved with a device in which, as a modification, the attachment of the control sleeve has teeth that penetrate into the spline-like outlet. The length of the spline-like outlet should at least correspond to the length L measured on the gear (Fig. 1). According to a further idea of the invention, it is provided that the control sleeve is supported by springs during the entire pressing process relative to the press ram and is rigidly connected to the latter at the end of the pressing process. The approach of the control sleeve protrudes into the cavity of the die almost throughout the entire pressing process, and until the main amount of the material mass making up the gear body is predistributed. Towards the end of the forming process, the control sleeve is pushed back by the flowing back material under pre-tension of the springs, up to a stop, in order to then rigidly shape the gearwheel with the press ram. At the same time, the bore in the bevel gear is preformed by the press ram, which, as described above, can then be completed by punching out.

Die Erfindung ist anhand des in den Figuren 1 bis 3 schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiment shown schematically in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Die linke Hälfte der Fig. 1 zeigt den Zustand vor Beginn des Pressens, die rechte Hälfte der Figur den Zustand gegen Ende des Preßvorgangs.The left half of FIG. 1 shows the state before the start of the pressing, the right half of the figure shows the state towards the end of the pressing process.

Das Preßwerkzeug besteht im wesentlichen aus den Teilen 1 und 2, die im nachfolgenden als Oberwerkzeug und Unterwerkzeug bezeichnet sind, wobei jedoch auch das Teil 1 als Unterwerkzeug und das Teil 2 als Oberwerkzeug verwendet werden können. Das Teil 1 - die Matrize - trägt die Verzahnung 3 für ein Kegelzahnrad und weist eine Bohrung 4 auf, in welcher ein nicht mehr dargestellter Auswerfer angeordnet ist. Die Zahnform 3 der Matrize 1 weist einen zylindrischen keilwellenähnlichen Auslauf 5 auf.The pressing tool essentially consists of parts 1 and 2, which are referred to below as the upper tool and lower tool, but part 1 can also be used as a lower tool and part 2 as an upper tool. Part 1 - the die - carries the toothing 3 for a bevel gear and has a bore 4 in which an ejector (not shown) is arranged. The tooth shape 3 of the die 1 has a cylindrical spline-like outlet 5.

Das Werkzeugteil 2 besteht aus einem Preßstempel 6, der fest an dem Werkzeugteil 2 befestigt ist und der Steuerhülse 7, die über Federn 8 an dem Werkzeugteil 2 verschieblich zu dem Preßstempel 6 befestigt ist. Zwischen dem Preßstempel 6 und der Steuerhülse 7 befindet sich eine Führungshülse 9, die über einen begrenzten Weg gegenüber dem Preßstempel 6 verschieblich ist. Die Steuerhülse 7 trägt einen Ansatz 10, welcher aus einem zylindrisch verlaufenden Teil 11 sowie einem konisch verlaufenden Teil 12 besteht.The tool part 2 consists of a press ram 6, which is fixedly attached to the tool part 2 and the control sleeve 7, which is slidably mounted on the tool part 2 via springs 8 to the press ram 6. Between the ram 6 and the control sleeve 7 there is a guide sleeve 9 which is displaceable relative to the ram 6 over a limited path. The control sleeve 7 carries an extension 10, which consists of a cylindrical part 11 and a conical part 12.

Nach dem Einlegen des Rohteils 13, werden die Werkzeugteile 1 und 2 gegeneinandergefahren, wobei der Ansatz 10 an der Steuerhülse 7 in den Formhohlraum der Matrize 1 eindringt (s. linke Hälfte der Figur). Beim weiteren Gegeneinanderfahren der Werkzeugteile 1 und 2 wird der Werkstoff des Rohteils 13 radial nach außen in die Verzahnung 3 und gleichzeitig in den Ringspalt zwischen dem Preßstempel 6 und der Steuerhülse 7 gepreßt. Wenn der Gesenkraum und die Verzahnung 3 so weit gefüllt sind, daß die auf die Stirnfläche des Ansatzes 10 wirkende Kraft die auf sie wirkende dosierte Federkraft überwinden kann, bewegen sich die Anschlagflächen 14 aufeinander zu. Nachdem sich die beiden Anschlagflächen 14 berührt haben (s. rechte Hälfte der Fig.), wird das nunmehr starre Werkstück noch so weit gegeneinandergefahren, bis das Werkstück seine vorgesehene Form erreicht hat. Dabei drückt der Ansatz 10 auf das vorgeformte Kegelzahnrad und drückt den Werkstoff in unter Umständen noch nicht ausgefüllte Bereiche der Zahnform 3. Gleichzeitig wird das in dem Ringspalt befindliche Materialvolumen durch die Führungshülse 9 in den Matrizenraum zurückgepreßt. Desgleichen dringt der Preßstempel 6 von der großen Kegelradfläche in das vorgeformte Kegelrad ein und erzeugt eine Bohrung. Ein etwa vorhandener Werkstoffüberschuß tritt zwischen den Zähnen des keilwellenförmigen Ansatzes 5 aus. Da das fertiggeformte Kegelzahnrad ohnehin an der gestrichelt dargestellten Linie 15 bearbeitet werden muß, erfordert der Austritt evtl. überschüssigen Werkstoffs an dieser Stelle keinen besonderen Arbeitsgang.After inserting the raw part 13, the tool parts 1 and 2 are moved against one another, the attachment 10 on the control sleeve 7 penetrating into the mold cavity of the die 1 (see left half of the figure). When the tool parts 1 and 2 move further against each other, the material of the blank 13 is pressed radially outwards into the toothing 3 and at the same time into the annular gap between the press ram 6 and the control sleeve 7. When the die space and the toothing 3 are filled to such an extent that the force acting on the end face of the extension 10 can overcome the metered spring force acting on them, the stop surfaces 14 move towards one another. After the two stop surfaces 14 have touched (see right half of the figure), the now rigid workpiece is moved against each other until the workpiece has reached its intended shape. The shoulder 10 presses on the preformed bevel gear and presses the material into areas of the tooth form 3 that may not yet be filled. At the same time, the material volume in the annular gap is pressed back into the die space by the guide sleeve 9. Likewise, the plunger 6 penetrates from the large bevel gear surface into the preformed bevel gear and creates a bore. Any excess material emerges between the teeth of the spline-shaped projection 5. Since the finished bevel gear has to be machined on the dashed line 15 anyway, the discharge of excess material at this point does not require a special operation.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt eine andere Ausgestaltung des Ansatzes 10, und zwar trägt bei dieser Ausführungsform der Ansatz 10 eine in die Verzahnung 3 eindringende Verzahnung 17, deren Außendurchmesser geringfügig kleiner ist als der maximale Innendurchmesser der Verzahnung 3. Der Ansatz kann konisch oder zylindrisch-plan sein, er kann auch entsprechend der Rückenkegelpartie des Zahnrades ausgebildet sein (s. Fig. 3).2 shows another embodiment of the projection 10, namely in this embodiment the projection 10 has a toothing 17 penetrating into the toothing 3, the outer diameter of which is slightly smaller than the maximum inner diameter of the toothing 3. The shoulder can be conical or cylindrical. be flat, it can also be designed according to the back taper of the gear (see FIG. 3).

Das fertig geformte Kegelrad wird dann mittels des nicht dargestellten Auswerfers aus der Matrize 1 herausgestoßen, und in einem nachfolgenden Arbeitsgang wird die Bohrung des Kegelzahnrades durch Ausstanzen des verbliebenen Butzens fertiggestellt. Die freie Weglänge der Führungshülse 9 ist einstellbar und bestimmt die Höhe des Schaftes 16.The finished bevel gear is then pushed out of the die 1 by means of the ejector (not shown), and in a subsequent operation the bore of the bevel gear is completed by punching out the remaining slug. The free path length of the guide sleeve 9 is adjustable and determines the height of the shaft 16.

Claims (9)

1. Process for manufacturing bevel gears, in which process a cylindrical metallic blank, made, in particular, of steel, is deformed to produce a bevel gear, in a pressing tool which comprises a female die, this die containing the shape of the bevel-gear teeth, a pressing plunger, and a control collar, this collar coaxially surrounding the plunger, characterised in that the process starts from a blank having a diameter which corresponds, at the maximum, to the diameter of the smallest root circle of the gear tooth-system, in that the volume of the blank initially flows, on the die side, radially into the tooth-system and, on the plunger side, axially into an annular gap which is formed by the plunger and the control collar, and that proportion of the volume which has flowed into the annular gap is thereafter reverse-pressed, at least partially, towards the die, and as it flows back, the plunger simultaneously penetrates, from the large diameter of the bevel gear, into the bevel gear itself.
2. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the flowing of the material into the annular gap, and the reverse-pressing of the material are matched, one to the other, in such a manner that a hollow shank remains on the large surface of the bevel gear.
3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the process starts from a cup-shaped blank with an extremely thick bottom.
4. Process according to Claim 1, or one of the Claims which follow, characterised in that the preformed bore is finished, in a subsequent operation, by punching out the burr which has remained.
5. Device for carrying out the process according to Claim 1, or one the Claims which follow, this device comprising a female die, this die containing the shape of the bevel-gear teeth, a pressing plunger, and a control collar, this collar coaxially surrounding the plunger and being copable of being pressed backwards by the material of the blank, this material filling the die, and this collar possessing an extension-piece which penetrates into the die space, characterised in that a guide sleeve (9) is located between the pressing plunger (6) and the control collar (7) this guide sleeve (9) being capable of axial movement relative to the plunger (6).
6. Device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the tooth-system (3) of the female die (1) exhibits a parallel run-out (5) in the zone of the large bevel-gear diameter, this run-out resembling a splined shaft, and the extension-piece (10) of the control collar (7) possesses a parallel portion (11) and, adjoining it, a portion (12), which runs conically, the diameter of the parallel portion (11) being slightly smaller than the diameter of the run-out (5) which resembles a splined shaft, and the cone-angle of the portion (12), which runs conically, corresponding to approximately the angle of the flanks of the tooth-system of the die (1), which angle forms the dedendum taper of the bevel gear.
7. Device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the tooth-system (3) of the female die (1) exhibits a parallel run-out (5) in the zone of the large bevel-gear diameter, this run-out resembling a splined shaft, and the extension-piece (10) of the control collar (7) possesses a tooth-system (17) which penetrates into the run-out (5) resembling a splined shaft.
8. Device according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the length of the run-out (5), which resembles a splined shaft, corresponds to at least the length L, measured on the gearwheel (see Fig. 1).
9. Device according to Claim 5, or one of the Claims which follow, characterised in that, during almost the entire pressing operation, the control collar (7) is mounted relative to the plunger (6), via springs (8) and is rigidly connected to the plunger towards the end of the pressing operation.
EP80102324A 1979-07-05 1980-04-30 Method and device for the manufacture of bevel wheels Expired EP0022155B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2927135 1979-07-05
DE2927135A DE2927135B1 (en) 1979-07-05 1979-07-05 Method and device for producing bevel gears

Publications (2)

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EP0022155A1 EP0022155A1 (en) 1981-01-14
EP0022155B1 true EP0022155B1 (en) 1982-10-27

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EP80102324A Expired EP0022155B1 (en) 1979-07-05 1980-04-30 Method and device for the manufacture of bevel wheels

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EP (1) EP0022155B1 (en)
DE (1) DE2927135B1 (en)

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EP0220031B1 (en) * 1985-10-16 1990-12-19 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Forging method and forging apparatus
US4798077A (en) * 1987-02-12 1989-01-17 Eaton Corporation Method for producing a family of forged ring rolling preforms and forging die therefor
US4856167A (en) * 1987-02-12 1989-08-15 Eaton Corporation Method for producing near net ring gear forgings
FR2654025B1 (en) * 1989-11-07 1994-06-03 Perrier Jean PROCESS AND TOOLS FOR COLD FORGING OF TOOTHED PINIONS.
CZ133298A3 (en) * 1995-10-31 1999-05-12 Colfor Manufacturing, Inc. Apparatus and process of forging pinion to nearly precise form
US6260400B1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2001-07-17 Gohysu Corporation Full enclosed forging apparatus
FR2834763B1 (en) * 2002-01-16 2004-07-09 Mecaniques Et Ind Speciales At DIFFERENTIAL PLANETARY SPROCKET AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
US7377042B2 (en) * 2004-07-13 2008-05-27 National Machinery Llc Method of cold-forming near net shape metal roller blanks for anti-friction bearings
SE532183C2 (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-11-10 Nord Lock Ab Method and apparatus for manufacturing washers for locking

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CA645083A (en) * 1962-07-17 Fischer Hans Production of hollow bodies by pressing
US2285575A (en) * 1938-02-15 1942-06-09 Frank V Elbertz Bevel gear blank and the method and means for producing the same
GB1220845A (en) * 1968-05-31 1971-01-27 Sataro Tokushima Method of producing steel products from scraps
DE2144006C3 (en) * 1971-09-02 1974-03-07 Kabel- Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 3000 Hannover Process for the manufacture of bevel gears
DE7407061U (en) * 1973-04-20 1974-07-04 The Gleason Works Device for compacting a metal powder compact
US3842646A (en) * 1973-04-20 1974-10-22 Gleason Works Process and apparatus for densifying powder metal compact to form a gear having a hub portion,and preferred powder metal compact shape for use therewith
DE2320336C3 (en) * 1973-04-21 1987-04-16 Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover Device for the chipless production of bevel gears from metal blanks
DE2446413C3 (en) * 1974-09-28 1978-12-07 Kabel- Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 3000 Hannover Device for the non-cutting manufacture of bevel gears
CA1075505A (en) * 1976-09-22 1980-04-15 Gleason Works (The) Method and means for relieving stresses in die assemblies

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Publication number Publication date
EP0022155A1 (en) 1981-01-14
DE2927135B1 (en) 1980-09-11
US4590782A (en) 1986-05-27

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