EP0020659A1

EP0020659A1 - Safety barrier for defining boundaries of roadway.

Info

Publication number: EP0020659A1
Application number: EP79901662A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Pius Prosenz
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1978-12-15
Filing date: 1980-07-01
Publication date: 1981-01-07
Also published as: US4376594A; BE880641A; DE2965162D1; WO1980001292A1; JPS55501149A; ATA894978A; EP0020659B1; IT7953799V0; IT1119983B; YU39643B; DD148071A5; AT357195B; YU308279A; IT7969407A0

Abstract

Un dispositif de securite dispose le long des voies de circulation presente, le long de la voie de circulation, une surface (1) inferieure verticale, dont le bord superieur forme une bordure (2) d'une hauteur inferieure a un pneu usuel relie a une surface montante (3) et a une bordure de renvoi proeminente (4) disposee a une hauteur telle qu'elle est destinee a agir sur le vehicule en dessous de la carrosserie. A partir de la bordure (2) la surface (3) s'etend au moins jusqu'au point de projection (5) verticale de ladite bordure de renvoi (4) avec une pente croissante et ledit point (5) est situe dans le tiers central de la distance verticale entre la bordure (2) et la partie inferieure de la bordure de renvoi (4). La pente moyenne de la surface (3) entre la bordure (2) et le point (5) est d'environ 45 , la pente au point de projection (5) etant d'environ 60 .A safety device arranged along the traffic lanes presents, along the traffic lane, a vertical lower surface (1), the upper edge of which forms a border (2) of a height lower than a usual tire connected to a rising surface (3) and has a prominent deflection edge (4) arranged at a height such that it is intended to act on the vehicle below the bodywork. From the edge (2) the surface (3) extends at least up to the point of vertical projection (5) of the said return edge (4) with an increasing slope and the said point (5) is located in the central third of the vertical distance between the curb (2) and the lower part of the return curb (4). The average slope of the surface (3) between the border (2) and the point (5) is about 45 , the slope at the projection point (5) being about 60 .

Description

Traffic control device, usable as a central partition and roadside barrier

The invention relates to a traffic control device with a profile on both sides for use as a central separation of roads or with a profile on one side for use as a roadside barrier, the profile having an essentially vertical lower side surface, one with a leading edge adjoining it, has an obliquely outward running surface and, above that, a deflecting strip which is offset outwards relative to the running surface and acts on the vehicle below the body.

Characterization of the known prior art

Such guiding devices, which only act on the wheel and steering of the vehicle, have been developed since body-guiding devices have obvious disadvantages. If these are rigid, for example as steel rails or concrete walls, the impacting parts are deformed and extensively damaged

Parts of the motor vehicle with high deceleration values and uncontrolled rebound angles. Flexible catch devices (steel nets and ropes), with their necessary depth of action, require a large amount of space, occasionally insufficient penetrance protection, and high repair and maintenance costs. Semi-rigid guidance systems (aluminum or sheet steel profile crash barriers) require less space and decelerate less abruptly, but cause high repair costs for the motor vehicle and the guidance system itself. Their penetration resistance is also too low for large kinetic energies. Also guidance devices with E-effect both on baths

O PI and steering as well as the body don't satisfy. Such devices have been developed in the USA and have already been used worldwide. (New Jersey Profiles, MB 5). You will see a sloping base and then an almost vertical concrete wall about 1 m high. The near-belt wheels run up and are raised, which reduces the overturning moment. Only then do the body parts come into repellent contact with the wall. An overcoming of this guiding device was never observed, but a rolling over of the vehicle in both directions as well as high deceleration values in the case of a larger impact angle did occur. The Karos series front parts absorb the mass moment for the redirection and are therefore ^• always damaged.

Thus, although the desire to use it is only based on

Such devices have hardly been used as there are wheels and steering acting guiding devices, since it has so far not been possible to provide a construction which meets the following requirements: 1. The deflecting forces which occur and thus the risk of injury to the occupants of an impacting vehicle to keep it as low as possible, 2. not to damage the impacting vehicle at all, or to damage it as little as possible, 3. to prevent damage to the control systems by the impact of vehicles,

4. To reliably prevent being run over, skipping or rolling over sideways as a result of tipping,

5. to steer the gliding vehicle with the steering intact and, if possible, without a bounce angle in the direction of the lane,

6. to accomplish this redirection in the same way for both rolling and throwing vehicles, 7. as little as possible due to the structural design

To allow height and width, which makes a generous

- For example, in a work by Dunlap in Highway, Res.Reh. 460, 1973, page 3 described several profiles which were used as the basis for a test series in California in 1953. These profiles - • 5 have -j.ewe.ils one. Total height of at most 35 cm, so do not affect the body. If they consist of a simple, inclined surface that is inclined outwards, they are largely unusable, since they only pass over the upper edge in a few cases

10 prevent stuff. If they are provided with a deflector bar projecting against the road at the top, the effectiveness is significantly higher. Damage to wheels and wheel suspensions, however, already occur at low speeds, since the device too

15 leads to a hard impact of the rim at low speeds and impact angles.

In a work by Jehu in Traffic Engineering and Control, Vol. 5, No. 9, Jan. 1964, a traffic control device, namely the Belgian Trief curb, was described,

20 which corresponds to the type outlined at the outset, in which an essentially vertical lower edge surface is therefore arranged in front of an upper deflector bar. However, this edge surface extends so high that it does not just hit the tire, but suddenly the rim itself

25 acts. This corresponds to a downward movement of the deflector bar in accordance with the California profiles, leads to high tilting moments and correspondingly poor test results, as described in the Dunlap article mentioned. If a vehicle succeeds that

30 to overcome the lower edge surface of the "Trie edge stone, he experiences on the subsequent, slightly inclined inclined surface no significant influence in the sense of a return to the road, so that the arranged behind this inclined surface is hardly over

35 steep slope is little effective. A guiding device, which is designed differently in principle and only affects wheels and steering, has been developed in Sweden (Tric-Bloc, see eg VDI-News No. 23, June 8, 1979). It uses two concave-curved, prism-shaped surfaces of 0.8 - 1 m in height that use the steering geometry of a running wheel that is again deflected to the direction of the road for slow redirection without contact with the body. Driving tests have actually shown an insurmountability for rolling vehicles with smaller impact angles. Experiments with larger impact angles or during spin processes are, however, not known; As a result of the tipping edge near the ground and a missing repellent top edge, jumping over with a catapult effect or rolling over of the vehicle to the opposite side is not prevented. can be. In any case, this device does not meet the requirement for a small overall height and width. It is therefore not only cost-intensive, but also acts as an optical barrier, which experience has shown reduces the width of the road used by road users.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a guiding device which only acts on wheels and steering, which fulfills all the requirements set forth and avoids the disadvantages of known such devices.

State the nature of the invention

The invention achieves the stated object in that the ramp surface from the ramp edge arranged below the height of conventional tires at least to the base of the solder applied to the deflector bar runs increasingly steeply, and that this base point lies in the central region of the vertical distance between the leading edge and the underside of the deflector bar.

Such a construction leads to a three-phase sequence of action, as is not the case with any of the known devices. Initially, only the vertical lower side surface of the guide device comes into contact and thus a first action on the steering in the sense of a redirection. However, the vehicle does not already tip over the upper edge of this side surface, since this edge still acts in the area of the elastic tire and is overrun at larger impact angles or speeds. If the leading edge is overcome in this way, there is a second phase of the redirection process has a progressively increasing contact surface which, at acute impact angles, already has sufficient influence on the steering dynamics to deflect the vehicle back towards the roadway without further contact with the guide device further in the direction of arrival, then the front circumference of the tire hits the deflector bar, which, at least in the now raised position of the vehicle, lies just below the body edge of the usual types of car and therefore does not act on the body, but only on the body

Wheels. Rounding this bar, it was low-friction Be¬ and their prominence on the high-friction Steil¬ edge among avoid climbing the wheel with über¬ jump ^'of the guide. In this third phase, the wheel is hit by the deflection bar in the direction of the lane, whereupon the steering dynamics cause the vehicle to be deflected in the direction of the lane. If this is not entirely successful owing to the vehicle's great force, the vehicle may hit the front, possibly also with the rear wheel on the broad side of the deflector bar in that it becomes a very highly effective tipping edge and the center of gravity has been lowered relative to it by lifting the vehicle close to the belt, tipping and rolling over to the side is prevented. The partial forces acting in the direction of the road continue to move the vehicle in this desired direction without abrupt braking. This process also takes place when the vehicle is skidding and not rolling. The motion components of the wheel rolling direction and the center of gravity decoupled during the spinning process are converted back into a controlled rolling movement in the direction of the roadway by the described guiding effect.

As can be seen from the above description, the interaction of the projecting deflecting strip with the underlying contact surface is of crucial importance for the invention. If the deflector protrudes too far, it makes the ramp surface largely ineffective; one does not only dispense with a gentle redirection in cases that are harmless per se, but also with the advantages that result from lifting the vehicle by means of the ramp surface. The main reason for this is that the deflector bar is arranged somewhat higher and the tilting moment on the vehicle can thus be reduced when the vehicle is raised

Wheels, that is also raised body, meets the deflector strip.

If the deflector bar does not jump over the

On the other hand, there is a risk that the wheel will roll over the deflector bar because it is not pushed away from the ramp surface in time and thus loses its grip. Only if the base of the solder placed on the deflector bar, i.e. the point from which the wheel tries to separate the wheel from the ramp surface, in the middle Height range, all requirements are compatible. A "medium height range" is assumed if the base lies between the first third and second third of the vertical distance from the run-up edge and underside of the deflector bar.

Optimal use of the low available height has been obtained if the average slope of the run-up surface between the run-up edge and the base of the solder placed on the deflector bar is approximately 45 ° and the slope at the base is approximately 60 °.

The height of the leading edge above the street level is to be chosen so high that the usual tire thicknesses - just yet - do not cause the vehicle to tip over due to rim contact. In this sense, a height of around 6 cm has proven itself.

Description of the drawing figures

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are subsequently described in more detail with reference to the drawings in exemplary embodiments.

Show it:

1 is a longitudinal view of a guide device that can be used as a center separation,

2 shows the corresponding view of a roadside barrier,

3 shows a modification of the device according to FIG. 1 for use on high-speed roads,

Fig. 4 corresponds to Fig. 1, the partially cut, schematic representation of a vehicle being added to explain the mode of operation,

OMPI - 8th -

5 shows a partially sectioned side view of two articulated, movable individual elements of the guide device,

6 shows the associated top view in the shifted position which has arisen after an impact,

7 shows a side view of an end element, FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section along the parting plane indicated in FIG. 7,

Fig. 9 shows the associated longitudinal section.

1-3, the profile consists of a vertical lower surface 1, which merges into a curved run-up surface 3 in the run-up edge 2, which is followed by the deflector strip 4 at the end of the steep flank. The run-up edge 2 lies at 5 - 6 cm high enough that a bumping or throwing wheel can just overcome it; the deflector bar is so wide that it can withstand a striking wheel without damage with a possible sheet profile reinforcement 7; it is set back so far relative to the run-up edge 2 that the run-on or spinning wheel can be raised further by the lower part of the run-up surface; compared to the steep upper flank, however, it is so overhanging that greater frictional forces and thus a tendency of a rolling wheel to climb are avoided.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment as a center partition with a profile formed on both sides, Fig. 2 shows the design as an edge deflector with a profile on one side. 3 shows a possible modification of the profile for high-speed roads. As additional protection against climbing or skipping, a top wall 6 is attached here as an additional deflector above the deflector strip 4 so that contact with the protruding parts of the front parts in the event of a collision at acute angles further is avoided, possibly climbing wheels but find ^appropriate resistance. The heel 12 between the elevation and the upper part serves as a guide groove for the inclined wheel, which prevents further climbing and thus rolling over from the gang. For vehicles impacting at obtuse angles, the guide device acts as a rigid, body-active barrier.

For curves in which heavy vehicles in particular are to be prevented from cutting off the inner edge of the curve or from falling or for other purposes, an enlargement of the profile shown (apart from the side surface 1) can be used e.g. on a scale of 1: 2 or an enlargement of only individual profile parts are used. This carries e.g. the increased tendency to climb and the strong pressures of the rigid rear wheels at high loads. At the speeds that are only low, passenger cars are also rejected by the twice as large tread surface without body contact.

For the purpose of drainage of the carriageway or for other purposes, passages can be arranged in the base of the element or below it in the carriageway.

The function of the control device according to the invention is subsequently described with reference to FIG. 4.

If a front wheel runs or hurls over the run-up edge 2 and then onto the lower part of the run-up surface 3, a redirecting effect is created by a deflecting influence on the steering dynamics at acute impact angles in order to drive the vehicle without further contact with the guide deflect the device in the direction of the lane. Furthermore, the wheels close to the line are raised. If the front wheel continues to roll in the overrun direction, the front circumference of the tire hits the deflector strip 4. The rounding of its edges, its low-friction surface, its protrusion over the ^' friction-intensive steep flank - 10 -

underneath, as well as the tipping forces, prevent the wheel from climbing, significantly above the level of the base of the solder placed on the deflector bar 4. The wheel is hit by the deflection bar in the direction of the lane, whereupon the steering dynamics deflect the vehicle in the direction of the lane.

The guide device is preferably made of hard, unbreakable and pressure-resistant material, for example concrete, with steel reinforcements. But also other materials, such as metal, plastic, asphalt can be used as solid or hollow profiles with concrete pouring in a manner known per se. The fender strip 4 can e.g. of 3 mm sheet steel to be covered to make contact with sharp rim parts with low friction and damage. The upper surface of the guide device can be provided with a low-friction covering that closes the surface.

Two types of manufacture of the control device are preferably possible:

Prefabricated elements can be of any length, for practical reasons e.g. Individual elements measuring 4 m with the specified profile, with cast-in lifting hooks or other attachment points at the top. For temporary barriers, they can be placed on the road as a mobile barrier without anchoring, but they can also be glued, anchored, or anchored as a stable barrier or enclosed by the rolled or cast-on road surface with the correspondingly longer base. The stability of the element chain is based on the movable elements in the lateral direction on the axial connection of the elements with each other (Fig. 5,6). Thrust and train in the direction of the lane are absorbed by the mass of the adjacent elements, thrust in the transverse direction first by the displacement of the element, then by the articulated element connections, for example in the form of the pin joint 8 shown by stuck.

O appropriately dimensioned steel bolts with a diameter of approximately 30 mm. Tilting movements are prevented by the overlapping of the elements. The displacement by a certain distance, for example by 20 cm, is limited by the stop of large-dimensioned beveled stop surfaces 9. The elements can be adjusted without damage. An element can be exchanged after loosening two bolts. Cast-in holders can hold glare lenses, traffic signs, light poles etc., and electrical lines can be routed in a protected manner on the underside of the deflector strip. Curves with larger radii can be designed with straight elements with slight kinks; tighter curve radii require curved cast elements.

The molds for the manufacture of the prefabricated elements consist of the base, which corresponds to the top surface of the element in the production, which is preferably upside down, from the two side profile shapes which are pressed against this base surface and from the two end parts which are plug-like into the Side parts are inserted and thereby give them hold and fit. Cylinders for the bolt recess in the overlying or for the threaded pin fixation in the underlying overlaps are attached to the end molds. The hard profiles for the deflecting edge are inserted on the mold base and brackets for characters to be attached later are glued on at points.

The forms for. curved curve elements consist of flexible, approximately rubber-like material. They are pressed on both sides of the base area produced in the required radius. Exact adherence to the profile shape in all sections is guaranteed by profile clips attached at appropriate intervals. The overlapping end parts are shaped by the inserted plugs, which are also used for the straight elements. As a result, the flexible side part shapes can be used for a wide variety of curves.

OMPI radii can be used. Other manufacturing processes such as extrusion presses etc. are also possible in a known manner

Start and end parts of the guide device are shaped corresponding to FIGS. 7 to 9. They can be placed at low speeds without anchoring, but they can also be glued or placed with a recessed central groove over steel bolts 10 driven into the street and the cavity filled with concrete 11 from behind

Continuous guiding devices cast on site by sliding shells - concreting machines are continuously applied to the road surface using pre-fabricated, simple reinforcement using the corresponding sliding joint surfaces. Its base can also be led deep. The hard professionals for the deflector bar are inserted in guides on the formwork surface and screwed or hooked together in the longitudinal direction. Various brackets can be placed in the still soft concrete. After the concrete has been cemented, the final road surface is applied or rolled on, while maintaining the height of the leading edge. The guiding device can also be produced together with the road surface construction in one work step.

As . The beginning and end parts serve the corresponding parts of the prefabricated elements, the connection surface allowing a firm connection, for. B. by toothing or v binding reinforcing bars.

IP

Claims

P aten claims

1. Traffic guidance device with a profile on both sides for use as a central separation of streets or with a profile on one side for use as a roadside barrier, the profile having an essentially vertical lower side surface, one with a leading edge adjoining it, obliquely on the outside running surface and above it on an offset with respect to the leading edge to the outside, below the body. has a deflector bar acting on the vehicle, characterized in that the run-on surface (3) extends from the run-up edge ... (2) arranged below the height of the usual tires at least to the base point (5) of the deflector bar (4) applied solder runs increasingly steeply, and that this base point (5) lies in the central region of the vertical distance between the leading edge (2) and the underside of the deflector bar (4).

2. Traffic control device according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the average slope of the ramp surface (3) between the AuflaufHäni. ^' e_. (2) and the base (5) of the solder placed on the deflector bar (4) is approximately 45, and the slope in the base (5) is approximately 60.

3. Traffic control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the height of the leading edge (2) above the street level is about 6 cm.

4. Traffic control device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide device with formation of a above the deflection bar (4) located paragraph (12) with a vertical, possibly slightly overhanging in the lower part of the top threshold or wall (6 ) is provided.

5. Traffic control device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they are made of rigid material such. B. concrete, optionally provided with edge protection devices (for example steel profile 7), where it can be made from prefabricated individual elements or a strand continuously cast in place and 5 places.

6. Traffic control device according to one of claims 1 to characterized in that it consolidates be on the road surface, for. B- glued, dowelled, screwed or egg

10 is left.

7. Traffic control devices according to one of claims 1 bi 5, ^' ■ characterized in that it consists of interconnected individual elements that are put on the road surface without Fixie tion.

15 8. Traffic control devices according to one of claims 1 to 5 and 7, characterized in that the individual elements placed on the street ceiling in the region of the overlapping ends by an articulated connection, for example a pin joint (8), by stop surfaces

20. (9) are slidably connected to one another (FIGS. 3, 4, 5).

9. traffic control according to one of claims 1 bi 8 in a curved shape for different curve radii, da¬ by in that flexibl 25 profile shapes are approximately of rubber used in their manufacture, ^* am Fe actuating space to the respective radius predetermining basic or surfaces pressed and are held by transversely arranged Pr fil clamps and by two plug-in end forms.