EP0013399A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement d'une bobine d'électro-aimant supraconducteur - Google Patents
Dispositif de refroidissement d'une bobine d'électro-aimant supraconducteur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0013399A1 EP0013399A1 EP79105292A EP79105292A EP0013399A1 EP 0013399 A1 EP0013399 A1 EP 0013399A1 EP 79105292 A EP79105292 A EP 79105292A EP 79105292 A EP79105292 A EP 79105292A EP 0013399 A1 EP0013399 A1 EP 0013399A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coolant
- winding
- point
- superconducting
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001275 Niobium-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Nb] RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJSMVPYGGLPWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium tin Chemical class [Nb].[Sn] KJSMVPYGGLPWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFUGMBIZUXZOAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[Nb] GFUGMBIZUXZOAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005658 nuclear physics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/04—Cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
- Y10S505/825—Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
- Y10S505/88—Inductor
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for cooling a magnetic coil winding, which by means of a forced flow of a coolant which is fed into the winding at at least one coolant connection point and which has coolant derived again from at least one further coolant connection point, contains conductors made of superconducting material which are subdivided into conductor areas , whose operating points determined by the current density I, field strength H and temperature T differ from the closest jump point of the superconducting material, determined by the critical current density I c , critical field strength H and critical temperature T, of the superconducting material from the superconducting to the normal conducting state are far away.
- Magnetic windings with superconductors can advantageously be used to generate strong magnetic fields with a large spatial extent.
- the conductor materials used for this are e.g. Niobium-zirconium or niobium-titanium alloys as well as niobium-tin compounds are possible.
- Conductors made of these superconductor materials are generally stabilized with normally conductive material, for example embedded in a matrix made of this material. This measure is intended to prevent destruction of the superconductors in the event of an uncontrolled transition of its parts consisting of the superconductor material from the superconducting to the normally conducting state.
- the amount of liquid coolant required for cooling the winding can be considerably reduced compared to a magnet of approximately the same size with coolant bath cooling will. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a transition of the winding from the superconducting to the normally conducting state, because then only relatively little liquid coolant can evaporate.
- magnetic windings with waveguides can be oriented anywhere in the room. Changes in position during operation are then also possible.
- the operating values for the conductors of such a magnetic coil winding differ during undisturbed operation within the winding. This means that the winding has conductor areas whose operating values are more critical with respect to the superconducting properties of the conductor material than the values of neighboring conductor areas.
- the operating point of such a critical conductor area which is determined by the operating values, is thus closer to the closest jump point, determined by the critical values of the superconducting material of the conductor, from the superconducting to the normally conducting state than the working points of other conductor areas.
- This jump point is mainly determined by the critical current density I c , the critical field strength H or the critical magnetic induction B and the critical temperature T of the conductor material and lies on a three-dimensional surface in the IHT space, which the combinations of IHT, in which the superconducting state is present, separates from those with only normal conduction (Proc. IEE, IEE Reviews, Vol. 119, No. 8R, Aug. 1972, page 1007).
- the operating values of this conductor area are closer to the jump point to be assigned than in the adjacent conductor areas if the temperature and current density ratios in the conductor areas compared with one another are at least approximately the same.
- the invention is thus based on the knowledge that the known arrangements for forced cooling of superconducting magnet windings still support a spread of the normally conductive zone through the coolant.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to create an arrangement for cooling a superconducting magnet winding in which this risk does not exist.
- a discharge of the coolant from the winding is to be understood to mean that the coolant is removed in the vicinity of this most critical point of the winding and is not used for any further cooling of conductors in the winding.
- the coolant can then be fed directly to a coolant supply unit.
- the position and number of the coolant connection points of the winding are generally specified for design-related reasons.
- the coolant is advantageously diverted to a coolant connection point provided on the inside of the winding, since in generally there are the conductor areas with the highest magnetic field strength H or magnetic induction B.
- the coil winding 2 which is only indicated in the figure and is disc-shaped in cross section, has an approximately D-shaped shape.
- a large number of such coils can be combined to form a toroidal magnet system, as is provided, for example, for Tokamak fusion reactors (cf. for example "Rev. Mod.Phys.”, Vol. 47, No. 1, January 1975, pages 15 to 21 ).
- the coil is made of a superconducting hollow conductor 3 wound, the superconducting material, for example niobium titanium or Nb 3 Sn, is stabilized with normal conducting material.
- Corresponding conductors are known, for example, from German Offenlegungsschriften 26 26 914 and 26 02 735.
- the required electrical and thermal insulation devices of the coil are not shown, and only three turns 5 to 7 of a single winding layer made of the superconducting waveguide 3 are exaggeratedly large.
- the coil can also be constructed from several such winding layers. It is also protected against irreversible damage in the event of normal conductance.
- a corresponding non-executed in the figure 'measure is to decouple the field energy into an out-of winding ohmic resistor in which the energy is consumed (see FIG. "Cryogenics", June 1964, pages 153 to 165).
- a forced flow of a coolant A for example liquid helium, is provided, which for this purpose is pumped through at least one cavity 9 inside the superconducting waveguide 3.
- the conductors running on the inside 11 are generally exposed to greater magnetic field strengths than the conductors on the outside 12 of the winding. Assuming that the heat input from the outside onto the coil winding 2 and the current density at each point of the coil in the waveguide 3 are approximately the same, they have on the inside of the winding 2 ordered conductors 5 operating values of their superconducting material that come closest to the jump point of the superconducting material determined from the three critical sizes mentioned.
- a corresponding conductor area is delimited by a dashed line and designated by 14, it being additionally taken into account that this conductor area also includes, in particular, locations 16 and 17 of the magnetic winding, which have a particularly small radius of curvature in the case of the D-shaped shape of the winding .
- the conductors 5 of the coil 2 are most likely to quench in this region 14. According to the invention it is therefore provided that the coolant flowing through the conductor 5 is led out of the coil winding in this area 14, ie that further cooling of the winding conductors with this coolant is then no longer provided.
- the conductor 3 has been wound from the inside to the outside around a central, D-shaped winding core 19 and "the coolant A is used to operate the finished coil, as indicated by an arrow 21 is fed into the winding at the outer end 22.
- the coolant After the coolant has flowed through the waveguide from the outside in, it is, as also indicated by an arrow 23, at an exit point 24 on the straight part of the inside of the coil 2. In this way, it can be prevented that a quench forming in area 14 of the winding is transferred to adjacent areas of the winding by the heating coolant.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2901333 | 1979-01-15 | ||
| DE2901333A DE2901333C2 (de) | 1979-01-15 | 1979-01-15 | Verfahren zum forcierten Kühlen einer supraleitenden Magnetspulenwicklung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0013399A1 true EP0013399A1 (fr) | 1980-07-23 |
Family
ID=6060589
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP79105292A Ceased EP0013399A1 (fr) | 1979-01-15 | 1979-12-20 | Dispositif de refroidissement d'une bobine d'électro-aimant supraconducteur |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4277769A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0013399A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS5596606A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE2901333C2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4609109A (en) * | 1982-07-06 | 1986-09-02 | Cryogenic Consultants Limited | Superconducting magnetic separators |
| DE3344047A1 (de) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-06-13 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau | Magnetsystem fuer einen kernspintomograph |
| DE3344046A1 (de) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-06-20 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Kuehlsystem fuer indirekt gekuehlte supraleitende magnete |
| US4956740A (en) * | 1987-08-04 | 1990-09-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Protection technique for superconducting magnets |
| JPH0719689B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-26 | 1995-03-06 | 日本原子力研究所 | 超電導コイル |
| EP0605480A1 (fr) * | 1991-09-25 | 1994-07-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ensemble bobine avec extremites torsadees, constitue d'un conducteur en fils supraconducteurs |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1280440B (de) * | 1963-12-24 | 1968-10-17 | Siemens Ag | Einrichtung zum Erzeugen magnetischer Impulse hoher Leistung |
| DE1514708A1 (de) * | 1966-03-17 | 1969-06-19 | Siemens Ag | Fluessigkeitsgekuehlte Magnetspule |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3613006A (en) * | 1966-11-23 | 1971-10-12 | Avco Corp | Stable superconducting magnet |
| US3946348A (en) * | 1971-03-22 | 1976-03-23 | Bbc Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Radiation resistant ducted superconductive coil |
| CH552271A (de) * | 1972-11-06 | 1974-07-31 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Impraegnierte wicklung aus supraleitendem leitermaterial und verfahren zur herstellung dieser wicklung mit mindestens einem kuehlkanal. |
| CH584450A5 (fr) * | 1975-04-24 | 1977-01-31 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| CH592946A5 (fr) * | 1975-12-15 | 1977-11-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| DE2626914A1 (de) * | 1976-06-16 | 1977-12-29 | Kernforschung Gmbh Ges Fuer | Supraleitendes kabel |
| US4189693A (en) * | 1977-12-28 | 1980-02-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Superconducting magnet |
-
1979
- 1979-01-15 DE DE2901333A patent/DE2901333C2/de not_active Expired
- 1979-12-20 EP EP79105292A patent/EP0013399A1/fr not_active Ceased
-
1980
- 1980-01-09 US US06/110,105 patent/US4277769A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-01-14 JP JP301980A patent/JPS5596606A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1280440B (de) * | 1963-12-24 | 1968-10-17 | Siemens Ag | Einrichtung zum Erzeugen magnetischer Impulse hoher Leistung |
| DE1514708A1 (de) * | 1966-03-17 | 1969-06-19 | Siemens Ag | Fluessigkeitsgekuehlte Magnetspule |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| CRYOGENICS, Band 8, Nr. 6, Dezember 1968, Seiten 397-398 I.V. KURCHATOV ATOMIC ENERGY INSTITUTE: "Forced-cooled superconducting coil" * Seite 397, rechte Spalte, Zeile 8 - Ende; Seiten 398, linke Spalte * * |
| IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, Band MAG-11, Nr. 2, Marz 1975, Seiten 569-572 O. MITCHELL: "Dense Supercritical-Helium Cooled Superconductors for Large High Field Stabilized Magnets" * Seiten 569-572 * * |
| PHILIPS TECHNISCHE TIJDSCHRIFT, Band 29, Nr. 10, 1968, Seiten 317-330 A.L. LUITEN: "Supergeleidende magneten" * Seiten 317-330 * * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4277769A (en) | 1981-07-07 |
| JPS5596606A (en) | 1980-07-23 |
| DE2901333C2 (de) | 1983-06-23 |
| DE2901333A1 (de) | 1980-07-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): CH FR GB SE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19801202 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
|
| 18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 19830816 |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: HIERONYMUS, HANS |